Mine communication and safety collaborative management system based on multi-source fusion perception

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of mine supervision, and particularly relates to a mine communication and safety collaborative management and control system based on multi-source fusion perception, which comprises a multi-source heterogeneous perception module, a mine communication link self-optimization module, a safety risk collaborative research and judgment module, a management and control instruction dynamic issuing module and a multi-dimensional data tracing module; the application realizes standardized fusion processing of underground multi-source heterogeneous perception data, adaptive optimization of underground communication links and accurate hierarchical research and judgment of underground safety risks, and dynamic issuing of differentiated management and control instructions under different risk levels, while completing storage and tracing of the whole-process data, which is beneficial to collaborative management and control of mine communication and safety, and significantly improves the stability of mine communication and the accuracy of safety management and control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mine monitoring technology, specifically a mine communication and safety collaborative management and control system based on multi-source fusion sensing. Background Technology

[0002] The underground environment in mines is complex and harsh, with multiple safety risks such as gas, roof pressure, and dust. Communication links are also susceptible to geological conditions and electromagnetic interference. The stability of communication and the accuracy of safety management are directly related to the life safety of underground workers and the continuity of production. With the advancement of intelligent and unmanned transformation of mines, the traditional separate communication management and safety supervision model is no longer suitable for the needs of efficient collaborative management.

[0003] Currently, mine communication and safety management technologies mostly adopt an independent operating architecture, without forming a collaborative linkage mechanism. Communication link management only focuses on basic connectivity, has weak anti-interference capabilities, does not dynamically optimize link parameters based on safety risk levels, has unreasonable bandwidth allocation, and has low priority for safety-related data transmission, affecting the real-time performance of risk warnings and command transmission. Furthermore, security risk assessments often rely on threshold judgments of single physical parameters, without integrating key influencing factors such as communication link status. This makes it difficult to accurately identify complex risks, and the ambiguity in risk level classification leads to misjudgments or delayed warnings. Additionally, the lack of differentiated design in control instructions makes it impossible to adapt targeted handling strategies to different risk levels, resulting in potential risks of low execution efficiency or transmission failure.

[0004] Therefore, developing a mine communication and safety collaborative management system that can achieve adaptive optimization of communication links, accurate classification and assessment of safety risks, and dynamic issuance of differentiated control instructions has become an urgent technical problem to be solved in the field of mine supervision. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a mine communication and safety collaborative management and control system based on multi-source fusion sensing, so as to solve the technical defects mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a mine communication and safety collaborative management and control system based on multi-source fusion sensing, including a multi-source heterogeneous sensing module, a mine communication link self-optimization module, a safety risk collaborative assessment module, a control command dynamic issuance module, and a multi-dimensional data traceability module; The multi-source heterogeneous sensing module is used for unified access, format adaptation and redundancy removal of heterogeneous sensing data of multiple types and protocols in the mine. The mine communication link self-optimization module monitors the status of the underground communication link in real time and realizes adaptive adjustment and optimization of the communication link based on the communication-related parameters in the multi-source sensing data. The safety risk collaborative assessment module uses multi-dimensional risk assessment algorithms to accurately identify and assess the level of downhole safety risks. The dynamic control instruction issuance module generates targeted and dynamic control instructions to achieve accurate issuance and execution feedback of instructions. The multi-dimensional data traceability module is used for full-process data storage and traceability.

[0007] Furthermore, the multi-source heterogeneous sensing module connects to the raw data collected by various sensing devices downhole through a distributed interface unit; It also has a built-in scalable pluggable decoder that identifies the protocol type of the data packet by the protocol header features, calls the corresponding protocol decoder pluggup to parse the raw data, extracts key information including sensor ID, timestamp, measurement value and unit, and then maps the parsed data to a unified data model; For outliers and missing values ​​in the parsed data, outliers are filtered out by adaptive thresholding, missing values ​​are filled by linear interpolation, and timestamps of sensing data with different sampling frequencies are aligned by time synchronization algorithm. Finally, standardized, non-redundant, and time-aligned multi-source sensing data are output.

[0008] Furthermore, the mine communication link self-optimization module receives standardized multi-source sensing data transmitted by the multi-source heterogeneous sensing module, constructs a link quality assessment formula, and performs real-time assessment of the current communication link's operating status; when the calculated LQ value is less than 0.6, it is determined that the current communication link quality is substandard.

[0009] Furthermore, when it is determined that the current communication link quality is substandard, a link self-optimization process is initiated, as follows: To address the issue of low channel signal-to-noise ratio, the transmit power of 5G base stations was adjusted, and a low-frequency multi-carrier mode was switched to supplement the uplink. To address the issue of excessive packet loss, we optimized link routing, avoided severely interfered link nodes, and enabled redundant transmission via backup links. To address the issue of excessive transmission latency, an air interface resource pre-scheduling mechanism is adopted to allocate dedicated transmission channels for security-related data.

[0010] Furthermore, the safety risk collaborative assessment module receives standardized multi-source sensing data transmitted by the multi-source heterogeneous sensing module and link quality assessment data transmitted by the mine communication link self-optimization module. Combined with the threshold standards set by the mine safety regulations, it constructs a multi-dimensional safety risk assessment formula to quantitatively assess the underground safety risk level. After calculating the downhole safety risk assessment value R, the downhole safety risk level is determined based on the downhole safety risk assessment value R. If it is determined to be medium-high risk or above, the cause of the risk is further analyzed, and the risk assessment report is output to the dynamic control instruction distribution module.

[0011] Furthermore, the assessment and determination strategy for downhole safety risk levels is as follows: If R < 0.2, the downhole safety risk level is judged to be low risk; If 0.2 ≤ R < 0.5, then the downhole safety risk level is determined to be medium risk. If 0.5 ≤ R < 0.8, then the downhole safety risk level is judged to be high risk; If 0.8 ≤ R, then the downhole safety risk level is judged to be extremely high.

[0012] Furthermore, the dynamic control instruction issuance module receives risk assessment reports and link optimization status data, while also receiving downhole equipment operation status data and personnel location data transmitted by the multi-source heterogeneous sensing module. It integrates and analyzes the received data to determine the scope, priority, and execution requirements of the control instructions; and generates differentiated control instructions for different risk levels.

[0013] Furthermore, the strategy for generating and issuing control instructions is as follows: When the risk level is low, routine inspection instructions are issued, requiring on-site personnel to pay close attention to the operating status of sensing equipment in the corresponding area and to regularly report the inspection results; When the risk level is medium, issue early warning and control instructions, adjust the equipment operating parameters in the corresponding area, prohibit unauthorized personnel from entering the risk area, and notify on-site personnel to prepare for emergencies. When the risk level is high or extremely high, an emergency control order will be issued to immediately stop operations in the corresponding area, activate emergency rescue equipment, organize the evacuation of on-site personnel, and simultaneously coordinate with the mine's emergency command center to push risk information and emergency response plans.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: In this invention, by real-time evaluation and adaptive optimization of the mine communication link, stability and low latency are improved, and the priority of safe data transmission is guaranteed. It can also quantitatively and hierarchically assess underground safety risks, dynamically issue differentiated control instructions and provide a corresponding feedback mechanism, which greatly improves the efficiency of safety emergency response and reduces the incidence of safety accidents from the source.

[0015] In this invention, through encrypted storage and traceable management of data throughout the entire process, a traceability link diagram can be quickly generated, providing accurate data support for accident review, fault location, and responsibility determination. Furthermore, the collaboration of various modules enables integrated management and control of mine communication and safety, improving the intelligence and collaboration level of mine communication supervision and safety management, and adapting to the needs of unmanned and minimally manned mine operations. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings; Figure 1 This is an overall system block diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the method flow of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Reference Figure 1-2 As shown, the mine communication and safety collaborative management and control system based on multi-source fusion perception proposed in this invention includes a multi-source heterogeneous perception module, a mine communication link self-optimization module, a safety risk collaborative assessment module, a control command dynamic issuance module, and a multi-dimensional data traceability module. The multi-source heterogeneous sensing module is used for unified access, format adaptation and redundancy removal of heterogeneous sensing data of multiple types and protocols in downhole, breaking down the data barriers of sensing devices of different manufacturers and types, providing standardized and high-quality data support for subsequent communication transmission and security assessment, and solving the technical pain points of heterogeneous multi-source sensing data protocols, inconsistent formats and uneven data quality in existing technologies. Specifically, the multi-source heterogeneous sensing module first accesses raw data collected by various sensing devices downhole through a distributed interface unit, including various types of data such as gas concentration, roof pressure, dust concentration, personnel location downhole, equipment operating parameters, and communication signal strength. Specifically, gas concentration is collected using intrinsically safe gas sensors (sampling once every 10 seconds, with a range of 0–100% CH4); roof pressure is collected using hydraulic roof pressure sensors (sampling once every 5 seconds, with a range of 0–60 MPa); personnel location is collected using 5G+UWB fusion positioning terminals (sampling once every 2 seconds, with a positioning accuracy of ±15 cm); and communication signal strength is collected using signal detectors built into mining 5G base stations (sampling once every 1 second). Each type of sensing device corresponds to a different communication protocol (ZigBee, LoRa, NB-IoT, mining-specific wired protocols, etc.). It also has a built-in expandable pluggable decoder that identifies the protocol type of the data packet by the protocol header features, calls the corresponding protocol decoder pluggup to parse the raw data, and extracts key information such as sensor ID, timestamp, measurement value, and unit. Then, the parsed data is mapped to a unified data model (including fields such as sensor ID, sensing type, acquisition location, timestamp, measurement value, and data quality level). For outliers (such as data exceeding reasonable range due to sensor failure) and missing values ​​(such as data loss due to transmission interruption) in the parsed data, outliers are removed by adaptive threshold filtering (setting thresholds based on the range of historical normal data), and missing values ​​are filled by linear interpolation. At the same time, the timestamps of sensing data with different sampling frequencies are aligned by time synchronization algorithm (based on the unified clock source of the mine) to avoid data fusion deviation caused by clock asynchrony. The system ultimately outputs standardized, non-redundant, and time-aligned multi-source sensing data, which is transmitted to the mine communication link self-optimization module, the safety risk collaborative assessment module, the control command dynamic issuance module, and the multi-dimensional data traceability module, providing reliable data input for subsequent modules.

[0019] The mine communication link self-optimization module monitors the status of the underground communication link in real time. Based on communication-related parameters from multi-source sensing data, it achieves adaptive adjustment and optimization of communication link bandwidth, transmission rate, and link nodes, ensuring the stability, low latency, and high reliability of underground communication. At the same time, it links with safety risk management requirements, prioritizing the transmission of safety-related data. This solves the technical problems of weak anti-interference capability, unreasonable bandwidth allocation, and low priority of safety data transmission in existing mine communication links, and adapts to the needs of unmanned and minimally manned mine operations. Specifically, the mine communication link self-optimization module receives standardized multi-source sensing data transmitted by the multi-source heterogeneous sensing module, and focuses on extracting communication-related parameters such as communication signal strength, channel signal-to-noise ratio, data transmission delay, and packet loss rate. It then constructs a link quality assessment formula to evaluate the current operating status of the communication link in real time. The formula is as follows: ; Where, LQ: Communication Link Quality Assessment Value, with a value range of 0 to 1. The closer the value is to 1, the better the link quality. It is calculated from the communication parameters using this formula. α, β, γ: Weighting coefficients, all of which are positive numbers and satisfy α+β+γ=1. Preferably, α=0.4, β=0.3, γ=0.3. They can be dynamically adjusted according to the test calibration based on the communication transmission requirements of the mine. SINR: Signal-to-noise ratio of the current communication link channel, collected by the built-in detector of the mining 5G base station, with a collection frequency of 1 time / second and a collection range of 0 to 40 dB. SINRmax: The maximum allowable signal-to-noise ratio of the link, set to 40dB according to the 5G private network standard for mines; PLR: Packet loss rate, calculated by statistically analyzing the difference between sent and received packets within 10 seconds, with a value range of 0 to 100%. PLRmax: The maximum allowable packet loss rate for the link, set to 5% according to the requirements of secure data transmission; Delay: Average transmission delay, obtained through link testing, with a sampling frequency of 1 time / second and a range of 0 to 50 ms; Delaymax: The maximum allowable transmission delay for the link. Preferably, it is set to 50ms to meet the real-time requirements of the early warning.

[0020] Furthermore, when the calculated LQ value is less than 0.6, the current communication link quality is determined to be substandard, and the link self-optimization process is initiated. To address the issue of low channel signal-to-noise ratio, the transmit power of 5G base stations was adjusted (within the explosion-proof safety power threshold range), and the uplink was supplemented by multiple carriers in the low-frequency band (700-900MHz) to enhance signal coverage. To address the issue of excessive packet loss, we optimized link routing, avoided severely interfered link nodes, and enabled redundant transmission via backup links. To address the issue of excessive transmission latency, an air interface resource pre-scheduling mechanism is adopted to allocate dedicated transmission channels for security-related data.

[0021] Furthermore, the optimized link parameters (adjusted transmit power, routing path, bandwidth allocation scheme, etc.) are fed back to the multi-source heterogeneous sensing module to ensure the stability of sensing data transmission. At the same time, the link optimization status data is transmitted to the security risk collaborative assessment module and the multi-dimensional data tracing module to achieve coordinated linkage between communication link optimization and security management.

[0022] The safety risk collaborative assessment module uses multi-dimensional risk assessment algorithms to accurately identify and assess the level of downhole safety risks, avoid misjudgment and delayed early warning caused by communication failures, buy time for emergency response, reduce the incidence of safety accidents, and reduce safety hazards and economic losses caused by blind handling. Specifically, the safety risk collaborative assessment module receives standardized multi-source sensing data (gas concentration, roof pressure, dust concentration, personnel location, etc.) transmitted by the multi-source heterogeneous sensing module and link quality assessment transmitted by the mine communication link self-optimization module. First, feature extraction is performed on the sensed data to extract features such as real-time values, rates of change, and historical peak values ​​of various safety parameters. Combined with the threshold standards set in the mine safety regulations, a multi-dimensional safety risk assessment formula is constructed to quantitatively assess the underground safety risk level. The formula is as follows: ; Wherein, R: downhole safety risk assessment value, with a value range of 0 to 1, the larger the value, the higher the risk; ω1, ω2, ω3, ω4: wind weighting coefficients, all of which are positive numbers and satisfy ω1+ω2+ω3+ω4=1. Preferably, ω1=0.35, ω2=0.3, ω3=0.15, ω4=0.2, which are determined according to the key points of mine safety management. G: Current gas concentration, collected by intrinsically safe gas sensor, with a collection frequency of 1 time / 10 seconds, and a range of 0 to 100% CH4; Gmax: The safe upper limit for methane concentration, set at 1.0% CH4 according to the "Coal Mine Safety Regulations"; P: Current roof pressure, collected by a hydraulic roof pressure sensor, with a collection frequency of 1 time / 5 seconds and a range of 0 to 60 MPa; Pmax: The safe upper limit of roof pressure, set at 40MPa based on the geological conditions of the mine; F: Current dust concentration, collected by a laser dust sensor, with a collection frequency of 1 time / 10 seconds, ranging from 0 to 1000 mg / m³. 3 ; Fmax: The safe upper limit for dust concentration, set at 100 mg / m³ according to industry standards. 3 ; LQ: Communication link quality assessment value, ranging from 0 to 1, obtained directly from the mine communication link self-optimization module; After calculating the downhole safety risk assessment value R, the downhole safety risk level is determined based on the downhole safety risk assessment value R. The assessment and determination strategy is as follows: If R < 0.2, the downhole safety risk level is judged to be low risk; If 0.2 ≤ R < 0.5, then the downhole safety risk level is determined to be medium risk. If 0.5 ≤ R < 0.8, then the downhole safety risk level is judged to be high risk; If 0.8 ≤ R, then the downhole safety risk level is judged to be extremely high.

[0023] Furthermore, if the risk level is determined to be medium to high or above, the cause of the risk should be further analyzed (e.g., excessive gas concentration may be due to insufficient ventilation or sensor failure, while excessive roof pressure may be due to geological changes or inadequate support). Furthermore, the risk assessment report (including risk level, risk location, scope of impact, cause, and emergency response recommendations) is output to the dynamic control instruction issuance module and the multi-dimensional data tracing module, providing a basis for subsequent tracing analysis.

[0024] The dynamic control command issuance module generates targeted and dynamic control commands, enabling precise issuance and execution feedback of commands. It adapts to different risk levels and downhole operation scenarios, avoids the blindness and uniformity of control commands, ensures the real-time and accuracy of command transmission, solves the problem of delayed command issuance, enables rapid response and emergency handling of safety risks, and reduces losses caused by safety accidents. Specifically, the dynamic control instruction issuance module receives risk assessment reports (risk level, risk location, emergency response suggestions, etc.) and link optimization status data. Simultaneously, it receives downhole equipment operating status data (such as operating parameters of ventilation fans, water pumps, tunneling machines, etc.) and personnel location data transmitted from multi-source heterogeneous sensing modules. First, it integrates and analyzes the received data to determine the scope, priority, and execution requirements for issuing control instructions. Then, it generates differentiated control instructions for different risk levels, with the following specific strategies: When the risk level is low, routine inspection instructions are issued, requiring on-site personnel to pay close attention to the operating status of sensing equipment in the corresponding area and to regularly report the inspection results; When the risk level is medium, an early warning and control order will be issued, and the operating parameters of the equipment in the corresponding area will be adjusted (such as increasing the speed of the ventilation fan and reducing the working intensity of the tunneling machine). Unauthorized personnel will be prohibited from entering the risk area, and on-site personnel will be notified to prepare for emergency response. When the risk level is high or extremely high, an emergency control order is issued to immediately stop operations in the corresponding area, activate emergency rescue equipment (such as emergency ventilation fans and drainage pumps), organize the evacuation of on-site personnel, and simultaneously coordinate with the mine emergency command center to push risk information and emergency response plans.

[0025] Furthermore, during the instruction issuance process, the optimal communication link is selected to issue instructions by combining the link optimization status data transmitted by the mine communication link self-optimization module, ensuring the real-time performance and accuracy of instruction transmission. For critical control instructions (such as personnel evacuation and equipment shutdown), an instruction confirmation mechanism is set up to receive feedback information from the on-site execution terminal. If no execution feedback is received within the specified time (30s), the backup communication link is automatically switched to reissue the instruction, and the abnormal instruction issuance information is reported to the safety risk collaborative assessment module to initiate the secondary assessment process.

[0026] Simultaneously, the issued control instructions, instruction execution status, and feedback information are transmitted to the multi-dimensional data traceability module to achieve full-process recording of control instructions. If the perceived data shows a decrease in risk level during instruction execution, the control instructions are dynamically adjusted (e.g., from a medium-risk warning instruction to a routine inspection instruction) to achieve dynamic adaptation of control instructions and ensure the pertinence and efficiency of control.

[0027] The multi-dimensional data traceability module receives all data (sensing data, link data, analysis data, and control data) transmitted from various modules of the system, performs full-process data storage and traceability, provides data support for safety accident review, system optimization, and responsibility identification, and solves the technical pain points of existing mine control systems such as data dispersion, lack of traceability, and difficulty in review and analysis. Specifically, the multi-dimensional data traceability module receives raw and standardized sensing data from the multi-source heterogeneous sensing module, link status data and link optimization parameters from the mine communication link self-optimization module, risk assessment data and risk assessment reports from the safety risk collaborative assessment module, and control instructions and execution feedback information from the control instruction dynamic issuance module through a dedicated data interface. All data carries a unique traceability identifier (including information such as data generation time, generation module, data type, and collection location).

[0028] It also has a built-in distributed storage unit and adopts a partitioned storage strategy to classify and store different types of data (sensing data partition, communication data partition, analysis data partition, and control data partition). At the same time, it uses a data encryption algorithm (AES-256) to encrypt the stored data to prevent data tampering and leakage, and ensure the security and integrity of the data.

[0029] When data traceability is required, users can use the traceability query interface to input traceability conditions (such as time range, data type, risk location, etc.) and quickly retrieve all relevant data based on the traceability conditions. This generates a complete traceability chain diagram, clearly showing the entire process of data collection, adaptation, transmission, analysis, control and feedback, including details such as the data processing process, parameter adjustment and instruction generation of each module.

[0030] For example, when a safety hazard occurs, the multi-dimensional data traceability module can be used to query the corresponding perception data collection process, communication link transmission status, risk assessment logic, and control command issuance and execution status to clarify the cause of the hazard and the shortcomings in the control process, providing accurate data support for accident review. When a system malfunctions, the multi-dimensional data traceability module can be used to query the data interaction of each module to locate the module and specific cause of the malfunction, providing guidance for system maintenance.

[0031] The working principle of this invention is as follows: In use, it achieves integrated management and control of mine communication and safety through multi-module collaboration. First, it unifies and standardizes the access and fusion of heterogeneous sensing data of various types and protocols underground. Then, it monitors the status of communication links in real time and performs adaptive optimization. At the same time, it combines standardized sensing data and link quality to complete the quantitative assessment and classification of underground safety risks. Differentiated control instructions are dynamically issued for different risk levels. It can also store and traceably manage various types of data throughout the system process, realizing the synergistic linkage between communication optimization and safety management. This significantly improves the stability, low latency, and reliability of mine communication links, enables accurate classification and differentiated management of safety risks, improves the efficiency of safety hazard response and handling, and reduces the incidence of safety accidents. It is conducive to ensuring the intelligent and collaborative level of mine communication supervision and safety management.

[0032] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to any specific implementation. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize it. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A mine communication and safety collaborative management and control system based on multi-source fusion sensing, characterized in that, It includes a multi-source heterogeneous sensing module, a mine communication link self-optimization module, a safety risk collaborative assessment module, a control command dynamic issuance module, and a multi-dimensional data traceability module; The multi-source heterogeneous sensing module is used for unified access, format adaptation and redundancy removal of heterogeneous sensing data of multiple types and protocols in the mine. The mine communication link self-optimization module monitors the status of the underground communication link in real time and realizes adaptive adjustment and optimization of the communication link based on the communication-related parameters in the multi-source sensing data. The safety risk collaborative assessment module uses multi-dimensional risk assessment algorithms to accurately identify and assess the level of downhole safety risks. The dynamic control command issuance module enables the accurate issuance and execution feedback of control commands. The multi-dimensional data traceability module stores and traces data throughout the entire process.

2. The mine communication and safety collaborative management system based on multi-source fusion sensing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-source heterogeneous sensing module accesses raw data collected by various sensing devices downhole through a distributed interface unit. It also has a built-in scalable pluggable decoder that identifies the protocol type of the data packet by the protocol header feature, calls the corresponding protocol decoder plug-in to parse the raw data, and then maps the parsed data to a unified data model. For outliers and missing values ​​in the parsed data, outliers are filtered out by adaptive thresholding, missing values ​​are filled by linear interpolation, and timestamps of sensing data with different sampling frequencies are aligned by time synchronization algorithm. Finally, standardized, non-redundant, and time-aligned multi-source sensing data are output.

3. The mine communication and safety collaborative management system based on multi-source fusion sensing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mine communication link self-optimization module receives standardized multi-source sensing data transmitted by the multi-source heterogeneous sensing module, constructs a link quality assessment formula, and performs real-time assessment of the current communication link's operating status. When the calculated LQ value is less than 0.6, the current communication link quality is determined to be substandard.

4. The mine communication and safety collaborative management system based on multi-source fusion sensing according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the current communication link quality is determined to be substandard, the link self-optimization process is initiated: To address the issue of low channel signal-to-noise ratio, the transmit power of 5G base stations was adjusted, and low-frequency multi-carrier switching was used to supplement the uplink. To address the issue of high packet loss rate, link routing was optimized to avoid severely interfered link nodes and redundant transmission of backup links was enabled. To address the issue of excessive transmission delay, an air interface resource pre-scheduling mechanism was adopted to allocate dedicated transmission channels for security-related data.

5. The mine communication and safety collaborative management system based on multi-source fusion sensing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The safety risk collaborative assessment module receives standardized multi-source sensing data transmitted by the multi-source heterogeneous sensing module and link quality assessment data transmitted by the mine communication link self-optimization module. Combined with the threshold standards set by the mine safety regulations, it constructs a multi-dimensional safety risk assessment formula to quantitatively assess the underground safety risk level. After calculating the downhole safety risk assessment value R, the downhole safety risk level is determined based on the downhole safety risk assessment value R. If it is determined to be medium-high risk or above, the cause of the risk is further analyzed, and the risk assessment report is output to the dynamic control instruction distribution module.

6. The mine communication and safety collaborative management system based on multi-source fusion sensing according to claim 5, characterized in that, The strategy for assessing and determining the level of downhole safety risks is as follows: If R < 0.2, the downhole safety risk level is judged as low risk; if 0.2 ≤ R < 0.5, the downhole safety risk level is judged as medium risk; if 0.5 ≤ R < 0.8, the downhole safety risk level is judged as high risk; if 0.8 ≤ R, the downhole safety risk level is judged as extremely high risk.

7. The mine communication and safety collaborative management system based on multi-source fusion sensing according to claim 5, characterized in that, The dynamic control instruction distribution module integrates and analyzes the received data to determine the scope, priority, and execution requirements of the control instructions; and generates differentiated control instructions for different risk levels.

8. The mine communication and safety collaborative control system based on multi-source fusion sensing according to claim 7, characterized in that, The strategy for generating and issuing control commands is as follows: When the risk level is low, routine inspection instructions are issued, requiring on-site personnel to pay close attention to the operating status of sensing equipment in the corresponding area and to regularly report the inspection results; When the risk level is medium, issue early warning and control instructions, adjust the equipment operating parameters in the corresponding area, prohibit unauthorized personnel from entering the risk area, and notify on-site personnel to prepare for emergencies. When the risk level is high or extremely high, an emergency control order will be issued to immediately stop operations in the corresponding area, activate emergency rescue equipment, organize the evacuation of on-site personnel, and simultaneously coordinate with the mine's emergency command center to push risk information and emergency response plans.

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