A soft soil foundation drainage device and a method of using the same

Abstract

This invention discloses a drainage device for soft soil foundations and its usage method, relating to the field of foundation drainage technology. It includes a permeable structure and a drainage structure. Through the design of structural layers such as a layer of lime-soil, a layer of crushed stone, a layer of permeable mortar, and a permeable pavement, as well as the setting of permeable and water-collecting mechanisms, it achieves excellent permeability, infiltration, water collection, and drainage functions. The foundation drainage structure is reasonable and has strong longitudinal permeability, thereby realizing active precipitation and consolidation of the soft soil foundation. Simultaneously, through the splicing design of anti-slip bricks and the setting of permeable holes, the bearing strength and drainage effect of the soft soil foundation are improved. During rain, rainwater flows from the filter screen into the collection tank below for storage, effectively preventing road surface water accumulation and uneven settlement. When the collected rainwater needs to be used, a water pump is started, and the rainwater stored in the collection tank is extracted through the main water pipe for reuse, avoiding water waste and effectively collecting and utilizing rainwater.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of foundation drainage technology, and in particular to a drainage device for soft soil foundations and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] Soft soil foundations refer to weak soil layers with low strength and high compressibility. Their characteristics include high natural water content, large natural void ratio, low shear strength, high compressibility coefficient, and low permeability coefficient. Due to these characteristics, improper handling during construction can lead to significant problems. When constructing infrastructure such as roads and plazas on soft soil foundations, it is crucial to properly address the infiltration and drainage of groundwater and surface water. Poor drainage not only reduces the bearing capacity of the roadbed and causes uneven settlement but also leads to water accumulation on the road surface, affecting traffic safety and extending the service life of the site.

[0003] Currently, common techniques for drainage treatment of soft soil foundations include pre-burying perforated drainage pipes in the roadbed. However, this structure can only passively receive groundwater, has a single drainage path, and after long-term use, the pores of the gravel are easily blocked by fine soil particles, leading to a gradual decline or even failure of drainage capacity. Furthermore, rainy days increase the drainage pressure on the drainage device, resulting in poor drainage and difficulty in guiding and discharging rainwater effectively. The drainage effect is poor, and rainwater cannot be effectively recycled and reused, causing a large amount of rainwater resources to be wasted. Therefore, a drainage device for soft soil foundations and its usage method are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies, such as the easy clogging of gravel pores by fine soil particles after prolonged use, leading to a gradual decline or even failure of drainage capacity, and increased drainage pressure on the drainage device during rainy days, resulting in poor drainage of rainwater, difficulty in properly guiding and discharging rainwater, and poor drainage effect. Therefore, this invention proposes a drainage device for soft soil foundations and its usage method.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A drainage device for soft soil foundation includes a permeable structure and a drainage structure, wherein the drainage structure is provided inside the permeable structure; The permeable structure includes a base layer, from top to bottom, comprising a soil-lime layer, a gravel layer, a permeable mortar layer, and a permeable pavement. The soil-lime layer is located at the top of the base layer, the gravel layer at the top of the soil-lime layer, the permeable mortar layer at the top of the gravel layer, and the permeable pavement at the top of the permeable mortar layer. The gravel layer not only serves as the main permeable channel but also plays a role in buffering and water storage. Its 30%–40% porosity can effectively accommodate a large amount of infiltrated water from short-term heavy rainfall and guide the water to the drainage structure through its vertical and horizontal channels. Simultaneously, the gravel layer 1 provides preliminary physical filtration of the infiltrated water flow, intercepting large particulate impurities. The drainage structure includes a water collection tank, a mounting frame is fixedly connected to the top of the water collection tank, a filter screen is fixedly installed inside the mounting frame, a water guide pipe is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the water collection tank, and a water pump is provided at the end of the water guide pipe away from the water collection tank.

[0006] Furthermore, road curbs are provided on both sides of the base layer, lime-soil layer, crushed stone layer, permeable mortar layer, and permeable pavement. These curbs, located on both sides of the roadbed, not only provide lateral restraint to the pavement structure and prevent edge collapse, but also serve as a boundary separating the pavement from green belts or slopes. The top of the road curb is slightly higher than the permeable pavement, which helps guide surface water into the drainage system during heavy rains, preventing runoff from eroding the roadbed slopes uncontrollably.

[0007] Furthermore, multiple anti-slip bricks are fixedly installed on the surface of the permeable pavement. Water-permeable holes are formed between adjacent anti-slip bricks. The surface of the anti-slip bricks has textured or granular surfaces to increase the road surface friction coefficient and ensure the safety of pedestrians and vehicles. The water-permeable holes formed by the joints between adjacent anti-slip bricks are the first channel for surface water to enter the permeable structure. To ensure water permeability while preventing debris blockage, the width of these water-permeable holes is typically controlled between 3mm and 8mm.

[0008] Furthermore, a drainage pipe is installed inside the lime-soil layer, and a water collection pipe is fixedly connected to the top of the drainage pipe. A water collection hopper is fixedly connected to the top of the water collection pipe. The water collection hopper is funnel-shaped or inverted trapezoidal, and its opening area is larger than the diameter of the water collection pipe, thereby expanding the area for collecting groundwater seepage. The fixed mesh tightly wraps around the water collection hopper and is embedded inside the gravel layer.

[0009] Furthermore, a fixing mesh sleeve is fitted on the outer surface of the water collection hopper. The outer wall of the fixing mesh sleeve is tightly attached to the inside of the gravel layer. On the one hand, the mesh of the fixing mesh sleeve performs secondary fine filtration on the water flow that seeps into the water collection hopper, preventing silt from entering the drainage pipe and causing siltation. On the other hand, the fixing mesh sleeve and the gravel squeeze each other, which enhances the installation stability of the water collection hopper in the gravel layer and avoids displacement or disconnection of the water collection hopper due to geological settlement.

[0010] Furthermore, both the fixing mesh and the filter screen are made of stainless steel, and the water pump model is IS80-50-315. The stainless steel filter screen has good corrosion resistance and can work in a humid underground environment for a long time.

[0011] Furthermore, the porosity of the crushed stone layer is 30%–40%, and the permeable mortar layer is composed of cement, crushed gravel, tire reclaimed rubber, epoxy resin, and acrylic emulsion. Due to its unique composition (cement, crushed gravel, tire reclaimed rubber, epoxy resin, and acrylic emulsion), the permeable mortar layer possesses excellent bonding strength and permeability. The addition of tire reclaimed rubber not only improves the material's flexibility, making it adaptable to minor settlements in soft soil foundations without easily cracking, but also enhances the material's water resistance and durability with the epoxy resin and acrylic emulsion. After water flows through the permeable mortar layer, it enters the highly porosity crushed stone layer.

[0012] A method for drainage in soft soil foundations, employing a drainage device for soft soil foundations, includes the following steps: S1: First, construction is carried out on soft soil foundation. The base layer is compacted and laid. A layer of lime-soil is laid on top of the base layer, and drainage pipes are pre-buried in this layer to ensure that the water collection pipe extends upward and the water collection hopper at the top should be higher than the lime-soil layer.

[0013] S2: Excavate a foundation pit on the side of the roadbed or at a suitable location, install a water collection tank, connect the main water pipe leading out from the lime-soil layer to the water collection tank, and install a water pump.

[0014] S3: Next, lay a layer of crushed stone on top of the lime-soil layer. When laying, the fixing net sleeve should be placed on the outside of the water collection hopper, and the outer wall of the fixing net sleeve should be tightly attached to the inside of the crushed stone layer to prevent soil particles from clogging the water collection hopper. Ensure that the mounting frame and filter screen on the top of the water collection tank are located below or to the side of the crushed stone layer to receive lateral seepage.

[0015] S4: Finally, a permeable mortar layer and a permeable pavement are laid on top of the gravel layer. The gaps between the anti-slip bricks on the pavement naturally form permeable holes, serving as the initial entry point for rainwater into the system.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: In this invention, the design of structural layers such as lime-soil layer, crushed stone layer, permeable mortar layer, and permeable pavement, along with the setting of permeable and water collection mechanisms, achieves excellent permeability, infiltration, water collection, and drainage functions. The foundation drainage structure is reasonable, with strong longitudinal permeability, thereby realizing active precipitation and consolidation of the soft soil foundation. At the same time, the splicing design of anti-slip bricks and the setting of permeable holes improve the bearing strength and drainage effect of the soft soil foundation. When it rains, rainwater flows from the filter screen into the water collection tank below for storage, thereby effectively avoiding water accumulation on the road surface and causing uneven settlement. When the collected rainwater needs to be used, the water pump is started, and the rainwater stored in the water collection tank is pumped out through the water pipe for reuse, avoiding waste of water resources and effectively collecting and utilizing rainwater. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a drainage device for soft soil foundation proposed in this invention; Figure 2 This is a top-view perspective view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure of the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the drainage structure in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-slip brick structure splicing in this invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Permeable structure; 101. Base layer; 102. Lime-soil layer; 103. Crushed stone layer; 104. Permeable mortar layer; 105. Permeable pavement; 106. Road edge; 107. Anti-slip bricks; 108. Drainage pipe; 109. Water collection pipe; 110. Water collection hopper; 111. Fixing mesh sleeve; 2. Drainage structure; 201. Water collection tank; 202. Mounting frame; 203. Filter screen; 204. Main water pipe; 205. Water pump. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] like Figure 1 - Figure 6As shown, the present invention proposes a drainage device for soft soil foundation, which includes a permeable structure 1 and a drainage structure 2, wherein the drainage structure 2 is provided inside the permeable structure 1. The permeable structure 1 includes a base layer 101. From top to bottom, the base layer 101 is provided with a soil-lime layer 102, a gravel layer 103, a permeable mortar layer 104, and a permeable pavement 105. The soil-lime layer 102 is located at the top of the base layer 101, the gravel layer 103 is located at the top of the soil-lime layer 102, the permeable mortar layer 104 is located at the top of the gravel layer 103, and the permeable pavement 105 is located at the top of the permeable mortar layer 104. The drainage structure 2 includes a water collection tank 201, a mounting frame 202 is fixedly connected to the top of the water collection tank 201, a filter screen 203 is fixedly installed inside the mounting frame 202, a water guide pipe 204 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the water collection tank 201, and a water pump 205 is provided at the end of the water guide pipe 204 away from the water collection tank 201.

[0021] Road curbs 106 are provided on both sides of the base layer 101, the lime-soil layer 102, the crushed stone layer 103, the permeable mortar layer 104, and the permeable pavement 105.

[0022] Multiple anti-slip bricks 107 are fixedly installed on the upper surface of the permeable pavement 105, and water-permeable holes are formed by splicing two adjacent anti-slip bricks 107.

[0023] A drainage pipe 108 is installed inside the ash layer 102. A water collection pipe 109 is fixedly connected to the top of the drainage pipe 108, and a water collection hopper 110 is fixedly connected to the top of the water collection pipe 109.

[0024] A fixing net sleeve 111 is fitted on the outer surface of the water collection hopper 110, and the outer wall of the fixing net sleeve 111 is tightly attached to the inside of the gravel layer 103.

[0025] The fixed mesh sleeve 111 and the filter screen 203 are both made of stainless steel, and the water pump 205 is model IS80-50-315.

[0026] The porosity of the crushed stone layer 103 is 30% to 40%, and the permeable mortar layer 104 is composed of cement, crushed pebbles, tire recycled rubber, epoxy resin and acrylic emulsion.

[0027] In this embodiment, rainwater rapidly infiltrates through the permeable holes on the surface of the permeable pavement 105, preventing water accumulation on the pavement. The water flows through the permeable mortar layer 104 and into the crushed stone layer 103. The high porosity (30%–40%) of the crushed stone layer 103 provides rapid lateral and vertical channels for the water flow. Some of the water that seeps into the ground flows into the water collection hopper 110 buried in the lime-soil layer 102. The water collection hopper 110 uses the height difference to guide the water into the water collection pipe 109, and finally into the drainage pipe 108. It then flows to the water collection tank 201 through the main water pipe 204. Excess water in the gravel layer 103 is filtered a second time through the filter screen 203 on the side wall or bottom, and then flows into the water collection tank 201. The filter screen 203 is used to intercept silt and prevent the water collection tank 201 from accumulating. When the water level in the water collection tank 201 reaches a certain height, the water pump 205 is started. The water pump 205 pumps the water out of the water collection tank 201 through the main water pipe 204 and discharges it into the road drainage system or a designated reservoir, thereby achieving active dewatering and consolidation of the soft soil foundation. When the water level in the water tank 201 reaches the preset warning level, the water pump 205 (model IS80-50-315) electrically connected to the level controller (not shown in the figure, which is the prior art) automatically starts. This model of water pump has the characteristics of moderate flow and stable head, and is suitable for road drainage projects. The water pump quickly pumps out the water in the collection tank 201 through the water guide pipe 204 and discharges it into the municipal rainwater pipe network or nearby natural water bodies, thereby dynamically lowering the groundwater level, accelerating the consolidation process of soft soil foundation, and improving the bearing capacity of the foundation. This invention achieves comprehensive management of surface water and groundwater in soft soil foundation through the synergistic effect of the multi-layer permeable structure 1 and the active water collection and drainage system. It has the advantages of high drainage efficiency, good anti-clogging performance, and stable and reliable structure.

[0028] A method for drainage in soft soil foundations, employing a drainage device for soft soil foundations according to claim 1, includes the following steps: S1: First, construction is carried out on soft soil foundation. The base layer 101 is compacted and laid. A layer of lime-soil 102 is laid on top of the base layer 101, and a drainage pipe 108 is pre-buried in this layer to ensure that the water collection pipe 109 extends upward and the water collection hopper 110 at its top should be higher than the lime-soil layer 102.

[0029] S2: Excavate a foundation pit on the side of the roadbed or at a suitable location, install a water collection tank 201, connect the water guide pipe 204 leading out from the lime-soil layer 102 to the water collection tank 201, and install a water pump 205.

[0030] S3: Next, a gravel layer 103 is laid on top of the ash layer 102. When laying the gravel layer 103, the fixing net sleeve 111 should be placed on the outside of the water collection hopper 110, and the outer wall of the fixing net sleeve should be tightly attached to the inside of the gravel layer 103 to prevent soil particles from clogging the water collection hopper. Ensure that the mounting frame 202 and filter screen 203 on the top of the water collection tank are located below or to the side of the gravel layer 103 to receive lateral seepage.

[0031] S4: Finally, a permeable mortar layer 104 and a permeable pavement 105 are laid sequentially on the crushed stone layer 103. The joints between the anti-slip bricks 107 on the pavement naturally form permeable holes, serving as the initial entry point for rainwater into the system.

[0032] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A drainage device for soft soil foundation, comprising a permeable structure (1) and a drainage structure (2), characterized in that: The permeable structure (1) is provided with a drainage structure (2) inside; The permeable structure (1) includes a base layer (101), and a soil-lime layer (102), a gravel layer (103), a permeable mortar layer (104), and a permeable pavement (105) are respectively provided on the top of the base layer (101). The soil-lime layer (102) is located at the top of the base layer (101), the gravel layer (103) is located at the top of the soil-lime layer (102), the permeable mortar layer (104) is located at the top of the gravel layer (103), and the permeable pavement (105) is located at the top of the permeable mortar layer (104). The drainage structure (2) includes a water collection tank (201), a mounting frame (202) is fixedly connected to the top of the water collection tank (201), a filter screen (203) is fixedly installed inside the mounting frame (202), a water guide pipe (204) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the water collection tank (201), and a water pump (205) is provided at the end of the water guide pipe (204) away from the water collection tank (201).

2. A drainage device for soft soil foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that: Road curbs (106) are provided on both sides of the base layer (101), the lime-soil layer (102), the crushed stone layer (103), the permeable mortar layer (104), and the permeable pavement (105).

3. A drainage device for soft soil foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple anti-slip bricks (107) are fixedly installed on the upper surface of the permeable pavement (105), and water-permeable holes are formed by splicing two adjacent anti-slip bricks (107).

4. A drainage device for soft soil foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interior of the ash layer (102) is provided with a drainage pipe (108), the top of the drainage pipe (108) is fixedly connected to a water collection pipe (109), and the top of the water collection pipe (109) is fixedly connected to a water collection hopper (110).

5. A drainage device for soft soil foundation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer surface of the water collection hopper (110) is fitted with a fixed mesh sleeve (111), and the outer wall of the fixed mesh sleeve (111) is tightly attached to the inside of the gravel layer (103).

6. A drainage device for soft soil foundation according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fixed mesh sleeve (111) and the filter screen (203) are both made of stainless steel, and the water pump (205) is model IS80-50-315.

7. A drainage device for soft soil foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The porosity of the crushed stone layer (103) is 30% to 40%, and the permeable mortar layer (104) is composed of cement, crushed pebbles, tire recycled rubber, epoxy resin and acrylic emulsion.

8. A method for drainage in soft soil foundations, employing the soft soil foundation drainage device described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: First, construction is carried out on soft soil foundation, compaction and laying of base layer (101), laying of lime soil layer (102) above base layer (101), and pre-burying drainage pipe (108) in this layer to ensure that water collection pipe (109) extends upward and the water collection bucket (110) at its top should be higher than lime soil layer (102). S2: Excavate a foundation pit on the side of the roadbed or at a suitable location, install a water collection tank (201), connect the water guide pipe (204) drawn out from the lime-soil layer (102) to the water collection tank (201), and install a water pump (205). S3: Next, a gravel layer (103) is laid on top of the ash layer (102). When laying, the fixing net sleeve (111) should be put on the outside of the water collection hopper (110), and the outer wall of the fixing net sleeve should be close to the inside of the gravel layer (103) to prevent soil particles from clogging the water collection hopper. Ensure that the mounting frame (202) and filter screen (203) on the top of the water collection tank are located below or to the side of the gravel layer (103) to receive transverse seepage. S4: Finally, a permeable mortar layer (104) and a permeable pavement (105) are laid on the crushed stone layer (103). The joints between the anti-slip bricks (107) on the pavement naturally form permeable holes, which serve as the initial entry point for rainwater into the system.

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