Vegetable drug residue amount detection device and operation method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of pesticide residue detection devices, specifically a device and operating method for detecting pesticide residues in vegetables. The device includes a main body for detecting pesticide residues in vegetables, with a detection box located on one side of the upper surface of the main body. Through optimized design of the rotating colorimetric mechanism, a self-locking component and a central guide column are used to quickly lock the rotating colorimetric cuvette mounting base when the top plate is pressed down, forming a rigid anti-loosening structure to ensure loosening without external force. Combined with the overall structural optimization of the rotating colorimetric cuvette mounting base, a dual independent air source channel is adopted. This allows for control of the air source connection between the docking hole and the venting hole, and also enables rapid mechanical unlocking between the rotating colorimetric cuvette mounting base and the top plate via pneumatic triggering. Furthermore, it can actively purge all light-transmitting surfaces of the colorimetric cuvettes, effectively isolating environmental interference.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pesticide residue detection devices, specifically to a device and operating method for detecting pesticide residues in vegetables. Background Technology

[0002] Pesticides play a vital role in controlling vegetable pests and diseases and increasing yields, but residues pose a potential threat to human health. Pesticide residue detection devices utilize physical, chemical, and biological scientific methods and technologies to detect and analyze indicators such as nutritional components, additives, contaminants, and microorganisms in food, analyzing whether food contains pesticide residues and whether the residue levels exceed standards. While traditional detection methods are highly accurate, they rely on laboratory environments, are expensive, and complex to operate, making them unsuitable for rapid on-site screening. Therefore, a rotary colorimetric pesticide residue analyzer is used for detection, primarily based on the enzyme inhibition rate colorimetric method.

[0003] In the prior art, such as the ammonia nitrogen detector colorimetric cell reagent bottle rotating mechanism disclosed in CN220271175U, there is a housing and an ammonia nitrogen detector. This ammonia nitrogen detector colorimetric cell reagent bottle rotating mechanism rotates various reagent bottles sequentially via a turntable, enabling the ammonia nitrogen detector to record comparative data from the comparison reagent bottles and the ammonia nitrogen value of the wastewater in the test reagent bottle. To facilitate the removal of cuvettes and reduce the number of times reagent bottles need to be removed and inserted, the above document uses a turntable to adjust the position of the reagent bottles. However, in actual use, traditional detectors have a simple rotating structure and limited functions. They often use threaded or snap-fit ​​structures, requiring manual tightening and loosening for installation and disassembly, which is time-consuming, prone to stripping, and difficult to align. Furthermore, after the cuvette is placed, residual solvents, moisture, and dust can easily adhere to the optical surface, causing light scattering or light absorption interference. Long-term use can also lead to bacterial growth, affecting the detection results.

[0004] Therefore, this invention proposes a device and operating method for detecting drug residues in vegetables to solve the problem that the rotating structure and limited functionality of existing detectors affect the detection results and efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a device and operating method for detecting drug residues in vegetables, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a vegetable pesticide residue detection device, comprising a vegetable pesticide residue detector body, a detection box disposed on one side of the upper surface of the vegetable pesticide residue detector body, a sealing cover plate movably hinged to the upper end of the detection box, a rotating colorimetric mechanism rotatably mounted on the inner side of the detection box, the rotating colorimetric mechanism comprising a rotating colorimetric cuvette mounting base and a rotating colorimetric cuvette mounting top plate, square grooves uniformly formed on the upper surface of the rotating colorimetric cuvette mounting top plate, a downward self-locking component threadedly connected to the center of the rotating colorimetric cuvette mounting top plate, the downward self-locking component being integrally formed from an upper threaded portion and a lower limiting portion, the lower... An annular rotating cavity seat is rotatably mounted on the outside of the limiting part. A central boss is fixedly mounted on the center of the upper surface of the rotating cuvette mounting base. A light source assembly is fitted on the outside of the central boss. A cross-shaped limiting groove is opened in the center of the central boss. The inner surface of the cross-shaped limiting groove is movably engaged with the outer surface of the lower limiting part. A reserved groove and a central through groove are respectively opened on the central inner wall of the upper threaded part and the lower limiting part. A central guide column is set in the center of the reserved groove and the central through groove. The lower end of the central guide column is fixedly connected to the central inner wall of the rotating cuvette mounting base. The lower end of the central guide column movably abuts against a lifting plug assembly.

[0007] Preferably, the rotating cuvette mounting base is rotatably mounted on the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the detection box. Gas source inlet pipe one and gas source inlet pipe two are respectively connected through the inner walls on both sides of the rotating cuvette mounting base. Vacuum generators are installed at the input ends of both gas source inlet pipe one and gas source inlet pipe two.

[0008] Preferably, the lifting plunger assembly is slidably installed on the lower inner wall of the cross-shaped limiting groove. The central inner surface of the lifting plunger assembly is slidably connected to the lower outer surface of the central guide column. The lifting plunger assembly is integrally formed from two sets of plate parts and one set of column parts. A pressure-boosting hole is provided on the lower inner wall of the plate part of the lifting plunger assembly near the abutting spring. A sealing block is movably installed on the inner surface of the pressure-boosting hole. A spring wire is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the sealing block. The other end of the spring wire is fixedly connected to the top surface of the inner cavity of the pressure-boosting hole.

[0009] Preferably, the inner wall of the lifting plunger assembly is further provided with a venting hole, and the input port of the venting hole is connected to the pressurization hole.

[0010] Preferably, the inner surface of the central through groove is slidably connected to the outer surface of the central guide column, and the inner wall of the lower limit part is also provided with a docking hole. The docking hole is provided in eight sets and arranged in a circular array about the central axis of the central through groove. The input end of the docking hole corresponds to the output end of the venting hole, and the output end of the docking hole is provided with a through exhaust vent.

[0011] Preferably, a rotating seat is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the lower limit part, and the annular rotating cavity seat is rotatably installed on the inner side of the rotating seat. A threaded sleeve is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer ring of the annular rotating cavity seat, and an air jet loading arm is threadedly connected to the inner surface of the threaded sleeve. The air jet loading arm is provided in eight sets and arranged in an array about the central axis of the lower limit part.

[0012] Preferably, a one-way ratchet plate is fixedly connected to the upper outer surface of the central guide post, and a self-locking component is provided on the inner side of the reserved groove. The self-locking component includes a curved spring, one end of which is fixedly connected to the top surface of the inner cavity of the reserved groove, and the other end of which is fixedly connected to a swing plate. The upper end of the swing plate is rotatably connected to the top surface of the inner cavity of the reserved groove, and a hook plate is fixedly connected to the lower inner surface of the swing plate. The outer surface of the hook plate is movably engaged with the ratchet tooth surface of the one-way ratchet plate.

[0013] Preferably, a central circular groove is formed on the central inner wall of the central guide column, and a lifting locking rod is slidably installed on the inner surface of the central circular groove. A transmission component is provided at the upper end of the lifting locking rod. The transmission component includes a locking rod upper tooth portion fixedly connected to the upper end of the lifting locking rod. Transmission gears are meshed and rotated on both sides of the locking rod upper tooth portion. The transmission gears are rotatably installed on the upper inner wall of the central guide column through a shaft. An L-shaped sliding toothed rod is meshed and rotated on the outer surface of the two sets of transmission gears on the side away from the locking rod upper tooth portion. A symmetrical sliding groove is formed on the upper inner wall of the central guide column, and the lower outer surface of the L-shaped sliding toothed rod is slidably connected to the inner wall of the symmetrical sliding groove.

[0014] Preferably, the lower end of the upper tooth of the locking rod is provided with an unlocking component. The unlocking component includes a lower T-shaped part of the locking rod that is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the lifting locking rod. A folded spring block is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the lower T-shaped part of the locking rod. A claw-shaped contact plate is fixedly connected to the lower outer surface of the lifting plug assembly. The lower surface of the claw-shaped contact plate is in contact with the upper surface of the lower T-shaped part of the locking rod.

[0015] The operation method of the vegetable pesticide residue detection device includes the following steps: S1. Rotary colorimetric mechanism docking and self-locking installation: Hold the rotating colorimetric vessel installation top plate and align it with the center boss of the rotating colorimetric vessel installation base in the vertical direction. Slowly press down on the center boss. The self-locking component and the center guide column cooperate to achieve unilateral downward self-locking. S2. Sample processing and testing preparation: After pretreatment, the vegetable samples to be tested are injected into standard-sized cuvettes, ensuring that the outer wall of the cuvette is clean, free of scratches, and the light-transmitting holes are aligned. S3. After placing the sample cuvette into the instrument, click on sample detection. The instrument will automatically identify the cuvette and perform channel detection, so that the light-transmitting surface of the cuvette faces the light source component. The light source component continuously illuminates the cuvette and, together with the optical sensor, collects the transmitted light signal of each cuvette to complete the dynamic monitoring of the color reaction of pesticide residues. S4. Pneumatic triggering quick unlocking: By changing the gas supply channel, the gas pushes the lifting plunger assembly downward, releasing the mechanical self-locking between the rotating cuvette mounting top plate and the rotating cuvette mounting base, facilitating the disassembly and maintenance of the internal structure of the testing device.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: The vegetable pesticide residue detection device and operating method proposed in this invention optimizes the design of the rotating colorimetric mechanism. By utilizing a self-locking component that engages with the central guide column, the rotating colorimetric cuvette mounting top plate quickly locks itself to the rotating colorimetric cuvette mounting base when pressed down, creating a rigid anti-loosening structure to prevent loosening without external force. Combined with the overall structural optimization of the rotating colorimetric cuvette mounting base, a dual independent air source channel is adopted. This not only controls the air source connection between the docking hole and the venting hole but also pneumatically triggers rapid mechanical unlocking between the rotating colorimetric cuvette mounting base and the rotating colorimetric cuvette mounting top plate. Furthermore, it actively purges all light-transmitting surfaces of the colorimetric cuvettes, effectively isolating environmental interference, ensuring the repeatability and accuracy of optical detection, and preventing residual detection liquid from affecting subsequent detection data. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the vegetable pesticide residue detector body of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the rotating cuvette mounting base and the rotating cuvette mounting top plate of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at point aa; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 A magnified structural diagram at point A; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram at point A1; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 4 A magnified structural diagram at point B; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembled structure of the rotating cuvette mounting top plate and the rotating cuvette mounting base of the present invention. Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at point bb; Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 A magnified structural diagram at point C; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the lower limiting part and the annular rotating cavity seat of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the rotating cuvette mounting base and the central guide column of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the central guide column and the lifting piston assembly of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the lifting plunger assembly and the central guide column of the present invention; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hook plate releasing the restriction state of the one-way ratchet plate according to the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Vegetable pesticide residue detector body; 2. Detection box; 21. Sealing cover; 3. Rotating cuvette mounting base; 30. Gas inlet pipe one; 300. Gas inlet pipe two; 31. Central boss; 310. Cross-shaped limiting groove; 32. Light source assembly; 33. Annular base plate; 331. Cuvette placement box; 4. Rotating cuvette mounting top plate; 40. Square groove; 41. Downward self-locking assembly; 411. Upper threaded part; 4110. Reserved groove; 4111. Curved spring; 4112. Swing plate; 4113. Hook plate; 412. Lower limiting part; 4120. Central through groove; 41200. Connecting hole; 412 01. Exhaust vent; 4212. Lower T-shaped part of locking bar; 4213. Folded spring block; 413. Annular rotating cavity seat; 4131. Rotating seat; 4132. Threaded sleeve; 4133. Air loading arm; 42. Central guide post; 420. Central circular groove; 4200. Symmetrical sliding groove; 421. Lifting locking bar; 4211. Upper toothed part of locking bar; 42111. Transmission gear; 42112. L-shaped sliding rack; 422. One-way ratchet plate; 43. Lifting plunger assembly; 430. Pressure boosting hole; 4300. Vent hole; 431. Sealing block; 432. Spring wire; 433. Claw-shaped contact plate; 44. Abutment spring. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clear and complete, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention, and are merely illustrative of the embodiments of the present invention. They are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example 1 Please see Figures 1-15 This invention provides a technical solution: a vegetable pesticide residue detection device, comprising a vegetable pesticide residue detector body 1, a detection box 2 disposed on one side of the upper surface of the vegetable pesticide residue detector body 1, a sealing cover plate 21 movably hinged to the upper end of the detection box 2, a rotating colorimetric mechanism rotatably mounted on the inner side of the detection box 2, the rotating colorimetric mechanism comprising a rotating colorimetric cuvette mounting base 3 and a rotating colorimetric cuvette mounting top plate 4, a rotating mechanism (not shown) disposed on the lower outer surface of the rotating colorimetric cuvette mounting base 3, the rotating mechanism comprising a drive motor, a drive gear and a driven gear ring, the drive motor being fixedly mounted on the detection box 2. On the lower inner surface of the rotating cuvette mounting base 3, the driving gear is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the drive motor. The outer surface of the driving gear meshes with the outer surface of the driven gear ring, and the inner surface of the driven gear ring is fixedly connected to the lower outer surface of the rotating cuvette mounting base 3. When the drive motor is turned on, its output shaft rotates, driving the driving gear to rotate, thereby driving the driven gear ring and the rotating cuvette mounting base 3 to rotate as a whole, realizing the rotation of the vegetable pesticide residue cuvette. Square grooves 40 are evenly opened on the upper surface of the rotating cuvette mounting top plate 4, and a downward self-locking assembly is threaded to the center of the rotating cuvette mounting top plate 4. Component 41; A central boss 31 is fixedly installed on the center of the upper surface of the rotating colorimeter mounting base 3. A light source assembly 32 is fitted on the outside of the central boss 31. A cross-shaped limiting groove 310 is opened in the center of the central boss 31. The inner surface of the cross-shaped limiting groove 310 is movably engaged with the outer surface of the lower limiting part 412. A reserved groove 4110 and a central through groove 4120 are respectively opened on the inner wall of the upper threaded part 411 and the lower limiting part 412. A central guide post 42 is set in the center of the reserved groove 4110 and the central through groove 4120. The lower end of the central guide post 42 is engaged with the rotating colorimeter. The inner wall of the center of the cuvette mounting base 3 is fixedly connected, and the lower end of the center guide column 42 movably abuts against the lifting plug assembly 43; the upper surface of the rotating cuvette mounting base 3 is provided with a placement assembly, which includes an annular base plate 33 and a cuvette placement box 331. The annular base plate 33 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the rotating cuvette mounting base 3 by bolts. Multiple sets of cuvette placement boxes 331 are fixedly installed on the upper surface of the annular base plate 33, and each set of cuvette placement boxes 331 has a light-transmitting hole on its inner surface. A cuvette is movably engaged on the inner side of each set of cuvette placement boxes 331.

[0021] In this embodiment, the rotating cuvette mounting top plate 4 is a disc-shaped aluminum alloy part, and its upper surface is evenly provided with 8 sets of square grooves 40 along the circumference. The size of each set of grooves is adapted to standard 10. The mm optical path quartz cuvette features a self-locking component 41 located at the center of the rotating cuvette mounting top plate 4. This component is a stainless steel M12×1.25 fine-pitch internal thread hole, forming a detachable connection with the central boss 31 at the center of the rotating cuvette mounting base 3. Through optimized design of the rotating colorimetric mechanism, the self-locking component 41 and the central guide column 42 work together to achieve rapid self-locking between the rotating cuvette mounting top plate 4 and the rotating cuvette mounting base 3 when the rotating cuvette mounting top plate 4 is pressed down. This creates a rigid anti-loosening structure to ensure that loosening does not occur under external force. Combined with the overall structural optimization of the rotating cuvette mounting base 3, a dual independent air source channel is adopted. This channel controls the air source connection between the docking hole 41200 and the venting hole 4300, and also pneumatically triggers rapid mechanical unlocking between the rotating cuvette mounting base 3 and the rotating cuvette mounting top plate 4. Furthermore, it actively purges all light-transmitting surfaces of the cuvettes, effectively isolating environmental interference, ensuring the repeatability and accuracy of optical detection, and preventing residual detection liquid from affecting subsequent detection data.

[0022] Example 2 See attached document Figures 1-15 Based on Embodiment 1, to achieve self-locking during assembly of the rotating cuvette mounting top plate 4 and the rotating cuvette mounting base 3: The downward self-locking assembly 41 is integrally formed from the upper threaded part 411 and the lower limit part 412. The lower limit part 412 is rotatably mounted with an annular rotating cavity seat 413. The upper outer surface of the central guide column 42 is fixedly connected to a one-way ratchet plate 422. The inner side of the reserved groove 4110 is provided with a self-locking component, which includes a curved spring 4111. One end of the curved spring 4111 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the inner cavity of the reserved groove 4110. The other end of the curved spring 4111 is fixedly connected to a swing plate 4112. The upper end of the swing plate 4112 is rotatably connected to the top surface of the inner cavity of the reserved groove 4110. The lower inner surface of the swing plate 4112 is fixedly connected to a hook plate 4113. The outer surface of the hook plate 4113 is movably engaged with the ratchet surface of the one-way ratchet plate 422.

[0023] In this embodiment, when it is necessary to quickly connect and install the rotating cuvette mounting top plate 4 and the rotating cuvette mounting base 3, pressing down on the entire rotating cuvette mounting top plate 4 ensures a one-way lock between the hook plate 4113 and the one-way ratchet plate 422, preventing automatic unlocking under external force; specifically, referring to Figures 4-6As shown, the entire top plate 4 of the rotating cuvette is held upright, and the self-locking component 41 is pressed vertically downwards. At this time, the lower limit part 412 corresponds to the cross-shaped limiting groove 310. The cross-shaped limiting groove 310 forms an initial limit on the self-locking component 41, and completes the axial limit with the central boss 31. During the gradual pressing process, the self-locking part inside the reserved groove 4110 cooperates with the one-way ratchet plate 422, as shown. Figure 6 As shown, the hook plate 4113 undergoes elastic deformation under the action of the unidirectional ratchet surface of the unidirectional ratchet plate 422 and automatically engages in the ratchet gap, achieving unidirectional downward self-locking and preventing accidental dislodgement. This allows the central guide post 42 to be inserted into the cross-shaped limiting groove 310 to form a dual guide in both the radial and axial directions.

[0024] Example 3 See attached document Figures 1-15 Based on Example 2, to achieve circumferential uniform gas supply between the rotating cuvette mounting base 3 and the rotating cuvette mounting top plate 4: The rotating cuvette mounting base 3 is rotatably mounted on the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the detection box 2. Gas source inlet pipe 1 30 and gas source inlet pipe 2 300 are respectively connected to the inner walls on both sides of the rotating cuvette mounting base 3. Vacuum generators are installed at the input ends of both gas source inlet pipe 1 30 and gas source inlet pipe 2 300. The lifting plunger assembly 43 is slidably mounted on the lower inner wall of the cross-shaped limiting groove 310. The central inner surface of the lifting plunger assembly 43 is slidably connected to the lower outer surface of the central guide column 42. The lifting plunger assembly 43 is integrally formed from two plate sections and one column section. A pressure-boosting hole 430 is provided on the lower inner wall of the plate section near the abutting spring 44. A sealing block 431 is movably installed on the inner surface of the pressure-boosting hole 430. A spring wire 432 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the sealing block 431, and the other end of the spring wire 432 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the inner cavity of the pressure-boosting hole 430. A venting hole 4300 is also provided on the inner wall of the lifting plunger assembly 43. The input port of the vent 4300 is interconnected with the pressurization port 430; the inner surface of the central through groove 4120 is slidably connected to the outer surface of the central guide post 42; the inner wall of the lower limit part 412 is also provided with a docking hole 41200, which has eight sets arranged in a circular array about the central axis of the central through groove 4120, and the input end of the docking hole 41200 corresponds to the output end of the vent 4300, and the output of the docking hole 41200... An exhaust vent 41201 is provided through the end; a rotating seat 4131 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the lower limit part 412, and an annular rotating cavity seat 413 is rotatably installed on the inner side of the rotating seat 4131. A threaded sleeve 4132 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer ring of the annular rotating cavity seat 413, and an air jet loading arm 4133 is threadedly connected to the inner surface of the threaded sleeve 4132. Eight sets of air jet loading arms 4133 are arranged in an array about the central axis of the lower limit part 412.

[0025] In this embodiment, after the rotating cuvette mounting top plate 4 and the rotating cuvette mounting base 3 are locked together, each sample cuvette is placed stably inside the cuvette placement box 331. First, pressurized gas is injected into the inner cavity of the rotating cuvette mounting base 3 by opening the gas inlet pipe 30. At this time, the lifting plug assembly 43 slides upward under pressure, causing the lifting plug assembly 43 to rise under the limiting action of the central guide column 42. Its top position abuts against the bottom end of the lower limit part 412, and the vent hole 4300 and the docking hole 41200 are precisely aligned. At this time, positive pressure gas continues to flow in, pushing the sealing block 431 upward and squeezing the elastic wire 432. At this time, the vent hole 4300... When the input port is opened, the interconnected venting holes 4300 and docking holes 41200 form a complete gas guiding channel. Finally, the gas is ejected through the exhaust port 41201 and enters the inner cavity of the annular rotating cavity seat 413. At this time, the gas is ejected through multiple arrays of air jet loading arms 4133. The pressurized gas provides a reverse force to the annular rotating cavity seat 413, thus driving the annular rotating cavity seat 413 to rotate at high speed around the central axis of the central guide column 42. This allows the gas to be evenly sprayed onto multiple sets of sample cuvettes and cuvette placement boxes 331, removing solvent residue and dust from the light-transmitting surface of the cuvettes, ensuring the stability of optical detection, and thus affecting the accuracy of the detection data.

[0026] It should be noted that the lifting and lowering of the lifting plunger assembly 43 is achieved by pneumatic means, so that the vent hole 4300 is aligned with the docking hole 41200. At this time, the central guide column 42 serves as a central limiting part for locking between the pressing self-locking assembly 41 and the central boss 31, as a guide part for the lifting plunger assembly 43 during lifting and sliding, and as the mounting base for the transmission system of the lifting lock rod 421, thus achieving a multi-purpose effect.

[0027] Example 4 See attached document Figures 1-15 Based on Embodiment 3, in order to achieve mechanical unlocking between the pressing self-locking assembly 41 and the central boss 31: A central circular groove 420 is formed on the inner wall of the central guide column 42. A lifting locking rod 421 is slidably mounted on the inner surface of the central circular groove 420. A transmission component is provided at the upper end of the lifting locking rod 421. The transmission component includes a locking rod upper tooth 4211 fixedly connected to the upper end of the lifting locking rod 421. Transmission gears 42111 mesh and rotate on both sides of the locking rod upper tooth 4211. The transmission gears 42111 are rotatably mounted on the upper inner wall of the central guide column 42 via a shaft. An L-shaped sliding toothed rod 421 meshes and rotates on the outer surface of the two sets of transmission gears 42111 on the side away from the locking rod upper tooth 4211. 12. A symmetrical sliding groove 4200 is provided on the inner wall of the upper end of the central guide column 42. The lower outer surface of the L-shaped sliding tooth 42112 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the symmetrical sliding groove 4200. An unlocking component is provided at the lower end of the upper tooth 4211 of the locking rod. The unlocking component includes a lower T-shaped part 4212 of the locking rod that is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the lifting locking rod 421. A folded spring block 4213 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the lower T-shaped part 4212. A claw-shaped contact plate 433 is fixedly connected to the lower outer surface of the lifting plug assembly 43. The lower surface of the claw-shaped contact plate 433 is in contact with the upper surface of the lower T-shaped part 4212 of the locking rod.

[0028] In this embodiment, when it is necessary to disassemble the rotating cuvette mounting top plate 4 and the rotating cuvette mounting base 3, air is supplied through the air source inlet pipe 2 300. At this time, the air source inlet pipe 1 30 is not open, and the pressurized gas pushes the lifting plug assembly 43 to descend vertically. At this time, the abutment spring 44 is compressed and deformed by the pressure of the upper lifting plug assembly 43, and drives the claw-shaped contact plate 433 to abut against the lower T-shaped part 4212 of the locking rod at the bottom of the lifting locking rod 421, thereby triggering the transmission component. When the lifting locking rod 421 descends as a whole, the upper toothed part 4211 of the locking rod descends and drives the transmission gears 42111 on both sides to rotate. Under the double limiting action of meshing and symmetrical sliding groove 4200, the L-shaped sliding toothed rod 42112 is raised and abuts against the swing plate 4112. Figure 6 and Figure 15 As shown, the two ends of the L-shaped sliding toothed rod 42112 respectively abut against the inner side of the two swing plates 4112, causing them to open outward. The hook plate 4113 disengages from the one-way ratchet plate 422, releasing the mechanical self-locking. At this time, the entire rotating cuvette mounting top plate 4 can be pulled out vertically upward, completing the quick separation of the rotating cuvette mounting top plate 4 from the rotating cuvette mounting base 3. No tools or screws need to be removed, facilitating quick maintenance.

[0029] Example 5 See attached document Figures 1-15 Based on Example 4, the present invention also proposes an operating method for the vegetable pesticide residue detection device, including the following steps: S1. Rotary colorimetric mechanism docking and self-locking installation: Hold the rotating colorimetric vessel mounting top plate 4 and slowly press down on the central boss 31 of the rotating colorimetric vessel mounting base 3 along the vertical direction. The self-locking component 41 and the central guide column 42 cooperate with each other to achieve unilateral downward self-locking. S2. Sample processing and testing preparation: After pretreatment such as homogenization, extraction and purification, the vegetable sample to be tested is injected into a standard cuvette, ensuring that the outer wall of the cuvette is clean, free of scratches and the light-transmitting holes are aligned. S3. After placing the sample cuvette into the instrument, click on sample detection. The instrument will automatically identify the cuvette and perform channel detection, so that the light-transmitting surface of the cuvette faces the light source component 32 directly. The light source component 32 continuously illuminates the cuvette and, together with the optical sensor, collects the transmitted light signal of each cuvette to complete the dynamic monitoring of the color reaction of pesticide residues. S4. Pneumatic triggering quick unlocking: By changing the gas supply channel, the gas pushes the lifting plunger assembly 43 downward, releasing the mechanical self-locking between the rotating cuvette mounting top plate 4 and the rotating cuvette mounting base 3, which facilitates the disassembly and maintenance of the internal structure of the testing device.

[0030] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for detecting pesticide residues in vegetables, comprising a main body for detecting pesticide residues in vegetables, wherein a detection box is disposed on one side of the upper surface of the main body for detecting pesticide residues in vegetables, and a sealing cover is movably hinged to the upper end of the detection box, characterized in that: A rotating colorimetric mechanism is rotatably mounted on the inner side of the detection box. The rotating colorimetric mechanism includes a rotating colorimetric cuvette mounting base and a rotating colorimetric cuvette mounting top plate. Square grooves are evenly distributed on the upper surface of the rotating colorimetric cuvette mounting top plate. A downward self-locking assembly is threadedly connected to the center of the rotating colorimetric cuvette mounting top plate. The downward self-locking assembly is integrally formed from an upper threaded part and a lower limit part. An annular rotating cavity seat is rotatably mounted on the outside of the lower limit part. A central boss is fixedly mounted on the center of the upper surface of the rotating colorimetric cuvette mounting base. A light source assembly is fitted on the outside of the central boss. A cross-shaped limiting groove is formed at the center of the central boss. The inner surface of the cross-shaped limiting groove is movably engaged with the outer surface of the lower limit part. A reserved groove and a central through groove are respectively formed on the central inner wall of the upper threaded part and the lower limit part. A central guide column is set at the center of the reserved groove and the central through groove. The lower end of the central guide column is fixedly connected to the central inner wall of the rotating colorimetric cuvette mounting base. A lifting plug assembly is movably abutted against the lower end of the central guide column.

2. The vegetable pesticide residue detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating cuvette mounting base is rotatably mounted on the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the detection box. Gas source inlet pipe one and gas source inlet pipe two are respectively connected through the inner walls on both sides of the rotating cuvette mounting base. Vacuum generators are installed at the input ends of both gas source inlet pipe one and gas source inlet pipe two.

3. The vegetable pesticide residue detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting plunger assembly is slidably installed on the lower inner wall of the cross-shaped limiting groove. The central inner surface of the lifting plunger assembly is slidably connected to the lower outer surface of the central guide column. The lifting plunger assembly is integrally formed from two sets of plate parts and one set of column parts. A pressure-boosting hole is provided on the lower inner wall of the plate part near the abutting spring. A sealing block is movably installed on the inner surface of the pressure-boosting hole. A spring wire is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the sealing block. The other end of the spring wire is fixedly connected to the top surface of the inner cavity of the pressure-boosting hole.

4. The vegetable pesticide residue detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner wall of the lifting plunger assembly is also provided with a venting hole, and the input port of the venting hole is connected to the pressurization hole.

5. The vegetable pesticide residue detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner surface of the central through groove is slidably connected to the outer surface of the central guide column. The inner wall of the lower limit part is also provided with docking holes. The docking holes are arranged in eight groups in a circular array about the central axis of the central through groove. The input end of the docking hole corresponds to the output end of the venting hole. The output end of the docking hole is provided with an exhaust vent.

6. The vegetable pesticide residue detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A rotating seat is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the lower limit part, and the annular rotating cavity seat is rotatably installed on the inner side of the rotating seat. A threaded sleeve is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer ring of the annular rotating cavity seat, and an air jet loading arm is threadedly connected to the inner surface of the threaded sleeve. Eight sets of air jet loading arms are arranged in an array about the central axis of the lower limit part.

7. The vegetable pesticide residue detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A one-way ratchet plate is fixedly connected to the upper outer surface of the central guide post. A self-locking component is provided on the inner side of the reserved groove. The self-locking component includes a curved spring. One end of the curved spring is fixedly connected to the top surface of the inner cavity of the reserved groove. The other end of the curved spring is fixedly connected to a swing plate. The upper end of the swing plate is rotatably connected to the top surface of the inner cavity of the reserved groove. A hook plate is fixedly connected to the lower inner surface of the swing plate. The outer surface of the hook plate is movably engaged with the ratchet tooth surface of the one-way ratchet plate.

8. The vegetable pesticide residue detection device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A central circular groove is formed on the inner wall of the central guide column. A lifting locking rod is slidably installed on the inner surface of the central circular groove. A transmission component is provided at the upper end of the lifting locking rod. The transmission component includes a locking rod upper tooth fixedly connected to the upper end of the lifting locking rod. Transmission gears are meshed and rotated on both sides of the locking rod upper tooth. The transmission gears are rotatably installed on the upper inner wall of the central guide column through a shaft. An L-shaped sliding toothed rod is meshed and rotated on the outer surface of the two sets of transmission gears on the side away from the locking rod upper tooth. A symmetrical sliding groove is formed on the upper inner wall of the central guide column. The lower outer surface of the L-shaped sliding toothed rod is slidably connected to the inner wall of the symmetrical sliding groove.

9. The vegetable pesticide residue detection device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The lower end of the upper tooth of the locking rod is provided with an unlocking component. The unlocking component includes a lower T-shaped part of the locking rod that is fixedly installed at the bottom of the lifting locking rod. A folded spring block is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the lower T-shaped part of the locking rod. A claw-shaped contact plate is fixedly connected to the lower outer surface of the lifting plug assembly. The lower surface of the claw-shaped contact plate is in contact with the upper surface of the lower T-shaped part of the locking rod.

10. An operating method for a vegetable pesticide residue detection device, which is based on the vegetable pesticide residue detection device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: The operation method of this vegetable pesticide residue detection device includes the following steps: S1. Rotary colorimetric mechanism docking and self-locking installation: Hold the rotating colorimetric vessel installation top plate and align it with the center boss of the rotating colorimetric vessel installation base in the vertical direction. Slowly press down on the center boss. The self-locking component and the center guide column cooperate to achieve unilateral downward self-locking. S2. Sample processing and testing preparation: After pretreatment (such as homogenization, extraction, purification), the vegetable sample to be tested is injected into a standard-sized cuvette, ensuring that the outer wall of the cuvette is clean, free of scratches, and the light-transmitting holes are aligned. S3. After placing the sample cuvette into the instrument, click on sample detection. The instrument will automatically identify the cuvette and perform channel detection, so that the light-transmitting surface of the cuvette faces the light source component. The light source component continuously illuminates the cuvette and, together with the optical sensor, collects the transmitted light signal of each cuvette to complete the dynamic monitoring of the color reaction of pesticide residues. S4. Pneumatic triggering quick unlocking: By changing the gas supply channel, the gas pushes the lifting plunger assembly downward, releasing the mechanical self-locking between the rotating cuvette mounting top plate and the rotating cuvette mounting base, facilitating the disassembly and maintenance of the internal structure of the testing device.

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