A system for generating electricity using metal hydrides

Abstract

This application relates to the field of development and application technology of metal hydrogen storage materials, and provides a system for generating electricity using metal hydrides, including AB metal hydride reaction bed modules and BA metal hydride reaction bed modules. This application makes full use of the heat and cold generated when the B-type metal hydride absorbs and releases hydrogen, and couples it with an appropriate A-type metal hydride to complete the hydrogen absorption and desorption cycle of releasing high-pressure hydrogen at a relatively high temperature and absorbing low-pressure hydrogen at a relatively low temperature; the high-pressure hydrogen released by the A-type metal hydride is partly used for expansion to generate electricity, and partly used to complete the hydrogen absorption and desorption cycle of the B-type metal hydride, thereby realizing efficient hydrogen power generation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of development and application technology of metal hydrogen storage materials, and in particular relates to a system for generating electricity using metal hydrides. Background Technology

[0002] Energy shortages, environmental pollution, and global climate change have made the development of clean, efficient, safe, and sustainable energy sources an urgent priority, with hydrogen energy receiving increasing attention from various countries. Hydrogen energy is an ideal clean fuel. As environmental protection measures become increasingly stringent worldwide, hydrogen power generation equipment, due to its energy-saving and low-emission characteristics, has become a focus of research and development and has begun commercialization. Traditional hydrogen energy utilization equipment is relatively inefficient, necessitating the development of more efficient hydrogen energy utilization devices. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, embodiments of this application provide a system for generating electricity using metal hydrides to solve the problem of low efficiency in hydrogen energy utilization.

[0004] This application provides a system for generating electricity using metal hydrides, comprising: an AB metal hydride reaction bed module, a first group of BA metal hydride reaction bed modules, a second group of BA metal hydride reaction bed modules, an AI equipment heat exchanger, an air heat exchanger, a central heat exchanger, a multi-stage expansion generator, a battery, and an electrolytic cell. In the AB metal hydride reactor module, hydrogen A gas is released from the hydrogen outlet of the -2.8℃ metal hydride reaction zone. The hydrogen A gas is divided into two paths. The first path is connected to the first inlet of the multi-stage expansion generator via the first tube side of the AI ​​equipment heat exchanger. The first outlet of the multi-stage expansion generator returns to the second inlet of the multi-stage expansion generator after heat exchange via the second tube side of the AI ​​equipment heat exchanger. The second outlet of the multi-stage expansion generator returns to the third inlet of the multi-stage expansion generator after heat exchange via the third tube side of the AI ​​equipment heat exchanger. The third outlet of the multi-stage expansion generator is connected to the fourth inlet of the multi-stage expansion generator. The fourth outlet of the multi-stage expansion generator is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to metal B hydride in the -2.8℃ metal hydride reaction zone. The second path is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to metal B1' hydride in the two B1'A1' metal hydride reactors after passing through the first, second, and third shell sides of the central heat exchanger.

[0005] The hydrogen release pipelines corresponding to the B1' metal hydride in the two A4'B1' metal hydride reaction beds are merged and then divided into two parts. The first part is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipelines corresponding to the A4' metal hydride in the two A4'B1' metal hydride reaction beds, and the second part is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipelines corresponding to the A2' metal hydride in the two A2'A3' metal hydride reaction beds after passing through the second tube of the air heat exchanger.

[0006] The hydrogen release pipelines corresponding to the A1' metal hydride in the two B1'A1' metal hydride reaction beds are merged and then connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to the B metal hydride in the -2.8℃ metal hydride reaction zone of the AB metal hydride reaction bed module after passing through the second tube pass of the central heat exchanger and the fifth tube pass of the air heat exchanger.

[0007] The hydrogen release pipelines corresponding to the A2' metal hydride in the two A1'A2' metal hydride reaction beds are merged and then connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to the B metal hydride in the -2.8℃ metal hydride reaction zone of the AB metal hydride reaction bed module via the first tube pass of the central heat exchanger and the fifth tube pass of the air heat exchanger.

[0008] The hydrogen release pipelines corresponding to the A3' metal hydride in the two A2'A3' metal hydride reaction beds are merged and then connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to the B metal hydride in the -2.8℃ metal hydride reaction zone of the AB metal hydride reaction bed module via the fifth tube pass of the air heat exchanger.

[0009] The hydrogen release pipelines corresponding to the A4' metal hydride in the two A3'A4' metal hydride reactors are merged and then connected to the expansion inlet of the turbocharger after passing through the fourth tube side of the air heat exchanger and the fourth shell side of the central heat exchanger. The expansion outlet of the turbocharger is connected to the hydrogen intake pipelines corresponding to the A1' metal hydride in the two A1'A2' metal hydride reactors after passing through the first tube side of the air heat exchanger.

[0010] In the AB metal hydride reaction bed module, hydrogen B gas is released from the hydrogen outlet of the -50℃ metal hydride reaction zone. The hydrogen B gas is divided into four parts. The first part is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to metal A in the -50℃ metal hydride reaction zone. The second part is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to metal A in the two A2'A3' metal hydride reaction beds after passing through the second tube of the air heat exchanger. The third part is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to metal A3 in the two A3'A4' metal hydride reaction beds after passing through the third tube of the air heat exchanger. The fourth part is connected to the compression inlet of the turbocharger. The compression outlet of the turbocharger is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to metal B in the -2.8℃ metal hydride reaction zone of the AB metal hydride reaction bed module after passing through the third and fourth tubes of the central heat exchanger and the fifth tube of the air heat exchanger.

[0011] Specifically, the AB metal hydride reaction bed module has a cylindrical structure and is symmetrical from left to right; the left half is a metal hydride reaction zone at -2.8℃, and the right half is a metal hydride reaction zone at -50℃; a ring plate separates the two parts; annular first and second metal hydride material layers are alternately arranged inside the AB metal hydride reaction bed module, with copper plates between each metal hydride material layer; in the -2.8℃ metal hydride reaction zone, the heat of reaction released when metal hydride B absorbs hydrogen is supplied to metal hydride A when it releases hydrogen; In the -50℃ metal hydride reaction zone, the heat released during hydrogen absorption by metal hydride A is used to supply hydrogen release by metal hydride B. The outer shell of the AB metal hydride reaction bed module is made of copper, with an insulation layer between the outer shell and the outermost layer of metal hydride material. The first and second metal hydride material layers are filled with metal hydrogen storage material B and metal hydrogen storage material A, respectively, and each layer of metal hydrogen storage material is wrapped with a carbon fiber film. The top of the AB metal hydride reaction bed module is equipped with a rotating fork, which can rotate the carbon fiber film... The metal hydrogen storage material, wrapped in a carbon fiber membrane, moves back and forth between the left and right parts of the AB metal hydride reactor module. Each carbon fiber membrane has ventilation holes that connect to a gas collecting plate at the top, allowing hydrogen to enter and exit during the absorption and release of hydrogen by the metal hydrogen storage material. A bed rotation drive structure is located at the bottom of the AB metal hydride reactor module. This structure drives the outer shell and each copper plate to rotate between the left and right parts of the module. When the rotating fork drives the layers of metal hydrogen storage material wrapped in carbon fiber membranes to rotate, or the bed... When the body rotation drive structure drives the outer shell and each copper plate to rotate, the gas collecting plate is raised, and the vent holes on the carbon fiber membrane are automatically closed, thus allowing the rotation to proceed smoothly. When the rotation is in place, the gas collecting plate is pressed down, squeezing open the vent holes on the carbon fiber membrane to complete the gas path connection, allowing hydrogen to enter and exit. The vent holes of the carbon fiber membrane are equipped with bed plate springs and bed plate steel balls; the gas collecting port of the gas collecting plate is equipped with gas collecting plate springs and gas collecting plate steel balls. When the gas collecting plate is pressed down, the gas collecting plate springs and gas collecting plate steel balls squeeze the bed plate steel balls and bed plate springs, thus completing the gas path connection between the carbon fiber membrane and the gas collecting plate.

[0012] Specifically, in the first and second BA metal hydride reaction bed modules, the heat of reaction released when the A4' metal hydride in the A4'B1' metal hydride reaction bed absorbs hydrogen is used to supply the hydrogen release of the B1' metal hydride; the heat of reaction released when the B1' metal hydride in the B1'A1' metal hydride reaction bed absorbs hydrogen is used to supply the hydrogen release of the A1' metal hydride; the heat of reaction released when the A1' metal hydride in the A1'A2' metal hydride reaction bed absorbs hydrogen is used to supply the hydrogen release of the A2' metal hydride; the heat of reaction released when the A2' metal hydride in the A2'A3' metal hydride reaction bed absorbs hydrogen is used to supply the hydrogen release of the A3' metal hydride; and the heat of reaction released when the A3' metal hydride in the A3'A4' metal hydride reaction bed absorbs hydrogen is used to supply the hydrogen release of the A4' metal hydride. The A4' metal hydride is recycled between the A3'A4' metal hydride reactor and the A4'B1' metal hydride reactor; the B1' metal hydride is recycled between the A4'B1' metal hydride reactor and the B1'A1' metal hydride reactor; the A1' metal hydride is recycled between the B1'A1' metal hydride reactor and the A1'A2' metal hydride reactor; the A2' metal hydride is recycled between the A1'A2' metal hydride reactor and the A2'A3' metal hydride reactor; and the A3' metal hydride is recycled between the A2'A3' metal hydride reactor and the A3'A4' metal hydride reactor.In the AB metal hydride reactor module, hydrogen A gas is released from the hydrogen release outlet of the -2.8℃ metal hydride reaction zone. This hydrogen A gas is divided into two paths. One path, after exiting the hydrogen absorption / desorption circulation unit, splits into a first circulating hydrogen path and a second circulating hydrogen path. The other path, after passing through the first, second, and third shell sides of the central heat exchanger, connects to the hydrogen absorption lines corresponding to the B1' metal hydride in the two B1'A1' metal hydride reactors. The hydrogen release lines corresponding to the B1' metal hydride in the two A4'B1' metal hydride reactors are merged and divided into two parts. The first part connects to the hydrogen absorption lines corresponding to the A4' metal hydride in the two A4'B1' metal hydride reactors. The second part, after passing through the second tube side of the air heat exchanger, connects to the hydrogen absorption lines corresponding to the A2' metal hydride in the two A2'A3' metal hydride reactors. The two B1'A1... In the metal hydride reactor, the hydrogen release pipelines corresponding to metal hydride A1' are merged and then connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to metal hydride B in the -2.8℃ metal hydride reaction zone of the AB metal hydride reactor module after passing through the second tube pass of the central heat exchanger and the fifth tube pass of the air heat exchanger. Similarly, in the two A1'A2' metal hydride reactors, the hydrogen release pipelines corresponding to metal hydride A2' are merged and then connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to metal hydride B in the -2.8℃ metal hydride reaction zone of the AB metal hydride reactor module after passing through the first tube pass of the central heat exchanger and the fifth tube pass of the air heat exchanger. Finally, in the two A2'A3' metal hydride reactors, the hydrogen release pipelines corresponding to metal hydride A3' are merged and then connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to metal hydride B in the -2.8℃ metal hydride reaction zone of the AB metal hydride reactor module after passing through the fifth tube pass of the air heat exchanger. The hydrogen release pipelines corresponding to the A4' metal hydride in the two A3'A4' metal hydride reactors are merged and then connected to the expansion inlet of the turbocharger after passing through the fourth tube side of the air heat exchanger and the fourth shell side of the central heat exchanger. The expansion outlet of the turbocharger is connected to the hydrogen intake pipelines corresponding to the A1' metal hydride in the two A1'A2' metal hydride reactors after passing through the first tube side of the air heat exchanger.In the AB metal hydride reaction bed module, hydrogen B gas is released from the hydrogen outlet of the -50℃ metal hydride reaction zone. The hydrogen B gas is divided into four parts. The first part is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to metal A in the -50℃ metal hydride reaction zone. The second part is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to metal A in the two A2'A3' metal hydride reaction beds after passing through the second tube of the air heat exchanger. The third part is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to metal A3 in the two A3'A4' metal hydride reaction beds after passing through the third tube of the air heat exchanger. The fourth part is connected to the compression inlet of the turbocharger. The compression outlet of the turbocharger is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to metal B in the -2.8℃ metal hydride reaction zone of the AB metal hydride reaction bed module after passing through the third and fourth tubes of the central heat exchanger and the fifth tube of the air heat exchanger.

[0013] Specifically, the -2.8℃ and -50℃ metal hydride reaction zones in the AB metal hydride reaction bed module, as well as the B1'A1', A1'A2', A2'A3', A3'A4', and A4'B1' metal hydride reaction beds, are filled with the same or different types of metal hydrides; the type of metal hydrogen storage material is selected according to the actual heat exchange requirements between the various metal hydride reaction beds.

[0014] Specifically, metal hydrides A, A1', A2', A3', and A4' are temperature-negative metal hydrogen storage materials; a temperature-negative metal hydrogen storage material is defined as absorbing low-pressure hydrogen at low temperatures and releasing heat, and releasing high-pressure hydrogen at high temperatures and releasing cold energy. Metal hydrides B and B1' are temperature-positive metal hydrogen storage materials; a temperature-positive metal hydrogen storage material is defined as absorbing high-pressure hydrogen at high temperatures and releasing high-temperature heat, and releasing low-pressure hydrogen at low temperatures and releasing low-temperature cold energy.

[0015] Specifically, the hydrogen absorption and desorption cycle unit also includes a pressure hydrogen replacement center; pressure hydrogen replacement centers are set between each metal hydride reaction bed, and between the -2.8℃ metal hydride reaction zone and the -50℃ metal hydride reaction zone in the AB metal hydride reaction bed module; the pressure hydrogen replacement center is equipped with multiple gas storage chambers as needed, which store hydrogen at different pressures and temperatures; the two ends of each gas storage chamber in the pressure hydrogen replacement center are connected to the hydrogen absorption and desorption pipelines of the two adjacent metal hydride reaction beds; each gas storage chamber in the pressure hydrogen replacement center is equipped with a pressure stabilizing device.

[0016] The metal hydride power generation system provided in this application embodiment fully utilizes the heat and cold generated during the hydrogen absorption and desorption of type B metal hydride by setting up AB metal hydride reactor modules and BA metal hydride reactor modules to couple appropriate type A metal hydride, enabling it to complete the hydrogen absorption and desorption cycle of releasing high-pressure hydrogen at relatively high temperature and absorbing low-pressure hydrogen at relatively low temperature; the high-pressure hydrogen released by type A metal hydride is partly used for expansion to generate electricity, and partly used to complete the hydrogen absorption and desorption cycle of type B metal hydride, thereby achieving efficient hydrogen power generation. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the piping connection of a system for generating electricity using metal hydrides, provided in Embodiment 1 of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the AB metal hydride reaction bed module in Example 1; Figure 3 This is another structural schematic diagram of the AB metal hydride reaction bed module in Example 1; Figure 4 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of part A in the middle; Figure 5 The temperature-pressure curves for hydrogen absorption and desorption of metal hydride A are shown. Figure 6 Temperature and pressure curves for hydrogen absorption and desorption of metal hydride B; Figure 7 Temperature and pressure curves for hydrogen absorption and desorption of Al' metal hydride; Figure 8 Temperature and pressure curves for hydrogen absorption and desorption of A2' metal hydride; Figure 9 Temperature and pressure curves for hydrogen absorption and desorption of A3' metal hydride; Figure 10 Temperature and pressure curves for hydrogen absorption and desorption of A4' metal hydride; Figure 11 Temperature and pressure curves for hydrogen absorption and desorption of B1' metal hydride; Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the combined structure of the first group of BA metal hydride reaction bed modules 81 and the second group of BA metal hydride reaction bed modules 81' stacked together; Figure 13 for Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the cross section in the MM direction; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the AB metal hydride reaction bed module; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the BA metal hydride reaction bed module.

[0019] The components are as follows: 1—Multi-stage expansion generator; 2—Battery; 3—Electrolytic cell; 22—First metal hydride material layer; 23—Second metal hydride material layer; 24—Copper plate; 25—Outer shell; 26—Insulation layer; 27—Carbon fiber film; 28—Rotating fork; 29—Bed rotation drive structure; 30—Ring plate partition; 31—Gas collecting plate; 32—B1'A1' metal hydride reactor bed; 33—Bed plate spring; 34—Bed plate steel ball; 35—Gas collecting plate spring; 36—Gas collecting plate steel ball; 37—Pressure hydrogen replacement center; 38—A1'A2' metal hydride reactor bed; 39—A2'A3' metal hydride reactor bed; 40—A3'A4' metal hydride reactor bed; 41—A4'B1' metal hydride reactor bed; 42—A1' metal hydride transition bed. , 43—A4' Metal hydride transition bed, 44—AI equipment heat exchanger, 441—First tube side of AI equipment heat exchanger, 442—Second tube side of AI equipment heat exchanger, 443—Third tube side of AI equipment heat exchanger, 45—Air heat exchanger, 46—Turbocharger, 69—Central heat exchanger, 691—First shell side of central heat exchanger, 691'—First tube side of central heat exchanger, 692—Second shell side of central heat exchanger, 692'—Second tube side of central heat exchanger, 693—Third shell side of central heat exchanger, 693'—Third tube side of central heat exchanger, 694—Fourth shell side of central heat exchanger, 694'—Fourth tube side of central heat exchanger, 80—AB metal hydride reaction bed module, 81—BA metal hydride reaction bed module. Detailed Implementation

[0020] In the following description, specific details such as particular system architectures and techniques are set forth for illustrative purposes and not for limitation, in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of this application. However, those skilled in the art will understand that this application may also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, apparatuses, and methods have been omitted so as not to obscure the description of this application with unnecessary detail.

[0021] To illustrate the technical solution described in this application, specific embodiments are provided below. Example 1

[0022] Figures 1 to 4A schematic diagram of a system for generating electricity using metal hydrides, provided in an embodiment of this application, is shown. The system includes an AB metal hydride reactor bed module 80, a first group of BA metal hydride reactor bed modules 81, a second group of BA metal hydride reactor bed modules 81', an AI equipment heat exchanger 44, an air heat exchanger 45, a central heat exchanger 69, a multi-stage expansion generator 1, a battery 2, and an electrolytic cell 3.

[0023] The AB metal hydride reactor module 80 is filled with metal hydrogen storage material B and metal hydrogen storage material A. Its function is to use the reaction heat generated when metal hydrogen storage material B absorbs 0.76 MPa hydrogen to supply metal hydrogen storage material A for hydrogen release, allowing metal hydrogen storage material A to release 2.5 MPa hydrogen. The high-pressure hydrogen released by metal hydrogen storage material A is divided into two parts: one part is supplied to the multi-stage expander generator 1; the other part is supplied alternately to the first BA metal hydride reactor module 81 and the second BA metal hydride reactor module 81'. Simultaneously, to complete the hydrogen absorption / desorption cycle of metal hydrogen storage materials B and A, the 0.15 MPa hydrogen released by metal hydrogen storage material B is first supplied to metal hydrogen storage material A for hydrogen absorption; the excess is processed by the first BA metal hydride reactor module 81 and the second BA metal hydride reactor module 81'. The 0.76MPa hydrogen gas used by the metal hydrogen storage material B to absorb hydrogen comes partly from the exhaust outlet of the multi-stage expander generator 1; the remainder comes from the first group BA metal hydride reaction bed module 81 and the second group BA metal hydride reaction bed module 81'.

[0024] The first group of BA metal hydride reaction bed modules 81 and the second group of BA metal hydride reaction bed modules 81' have the same structure and function, both being filled with five metal hydrides: B1', A1', A2', A3', and A4'. Their main function is to supply the heat of reaction released by the B1' metal hydrogen storage material during hydrogen absorption at 2.5 MPa to the A1', A2', A3', and A4' metal hydrogen storage materials for cascade utilization, releasing pressurized hydrogen gas. Among them, the hydrogen absorption pressure of B1' metal hydrogen storage material is 2.5 MPa, and the hydrogen release pressure is 0.15 MPa. Through reasonable design, the hydrogen release pressure of A1', A2', and A3' metal hydrogen storage materials is 0.76 MPa, and the hydrogen absorption pressure is 0.15 MPa. The hydrogen release pressure of A4' metal hydrogen storage material is 0.2 MPa, and the hydrogen absorption pressure is 0.15 MPa. At the same time, the hydrogen absorption temperature of B1' metal hydrogen storage material is > the hydrogen release temperature of A1' metal hydrogen storage material > the hydrogen absorption temperature of A1' metal hydrogen storage material > the hydrogen release temperature of A2' metal hydrogen storage material > the hydrogen absorption temperature of A2' metal hydrogen storage material > the hydrogen release temperature of A3' metal hydrogen storage material > the hydrogen absorption temperature of A3' metal hydrogen storage material > the hydrogen release temperature of A4' metal hydrogen storage material > the hydrogen absorption temperature of A4' metal hydrogen storage material > the hydrogen absorption temperature of B1' metal hydrogen storage material. This allows the heat of reaction released when the B1' metal hydrogen storage material absorbs hydrogen to be used by the A1' metal hydrogen storage material to release hydrogen; while the A1' metal hydrogen storage material cools down and releases the heat of reaction when absorbing hydrogen to be used by the next stage A2' metal hydrogen storage material to release hydrogen; and so on, level by level, to achieve the cascade utilization of the heat of reaction of the B1' metal hydrogen storage material absorbing hydrogen.

[0025] In the hydrogen absorption / desorption cycle of the first BA metal hydride reactor module 81 and the second BA metal hydride reactor module 81': The B1' metal hydrogen storage material absorbs 2.5 MPa hydrogen gas from the AB metal hydride reaction bed module 80, releasing the heat of reaction to supply the A1', A2', A3', and A4' metal hydrogen storage materials for cascade utilization; at the same time, it releases 0.15 MPa hydrogen gas. The metal hydrogen storage materials A1', A2', and A3' absorb the 0.15MPa hydrogen gas released by the metal hydrogen storage material B1' and most of the 0.15MPa hydrogen gas from the AB metal hydride reaction bed module 80. The released 0.76MPa hydrogen gas is sent back to the AB metal hydride reaction bed module 80 after heat exchange for use by the metal hydrogen storage material B to absorb hydrogen. The 0.2MPa hydrogen gas released by the A4' metal hydrogen storage material is expanded to 0.15MPa by the turbocharger 46 and then sent back to its own hydrogen absorption. It also drives the turbocharger 46 to pressurize a small portion of the 0.15MPa hydrogen gas from the AB metal hydride reaction bed module 80 to 0.76MPa, and then sends it back to the AB metal hydride reaction bed module 80 for hydrogen absorption by the metal hydrogen storage material B.

[0026] To achieve continuous hydrogen absorption / desorption of B1', A1', A2', A3', and A4' metal hydrogen storage materials, a first group of BA metal hydride reaction bed modules 81 and a second group of BA metal hydride reaction bed modules 81' are set up to alternately perform hydrogen absorption / desorption of B1', A1', A2', A3', and A4' metal hydrogen storage materials.

[0027] The first group of BA metal hydride reaction bed modules 81 and the second group of BA metal hydride reaction bed modules 81' have the same structure, both consisting of B1'A1' metal hydride reaction bed 32, A1'A2' metal hydride reaction bed 38, A2'A3' metal hydride reaction bed 39, A3'A4' metal hydride reaction bed 40, A4'B1' metal hydride reaction bed 41, A1' metal hydride transition bed, and A4' metal hydride transition bed. In one specific embodiment, the first group of BA metal hydride reaction bed modules 81 and the second group of BA metal hydride reaction bed modules 81' can be stacked together to form a structure as shown in the figure. Figure 12 The combined structure shown. (As shown in the image) Figure 12 As shown, the first group of BA metal hydride reaction bed modules 81 and the second group of BA metal hydride reaction bed modules 81' are stacked one on top of the other and mounted on a platform 83, and are driven to rotate by the same drive shaft 82. The drive shaft 82 is also connected to a drive motor 84, which is located below the platform 83.

[0028] Figure 13 The cross-sectional structure of the first BA metal hydride reaction bed module 81 is shown. (See diagram.) Figure 13 As shown, the first group of BA metal hydride reaction bed modules 81 has a roughly circular cross-section and consists of seven connected parts, namely B1'A1' metal hydride reaction bed 32, A1'A2' metal hydride reaction bed 38, A2'A3' metal hydride reaction bed 39, A3'A4' metal hydride reaction bed 40, A4'B1' metal hydride reaction bed 41, A1' metal hydride transition bed 42, and A4' metal hydride transition bed 43.

[0029] Figure 2 and Figure 3The structure of the AB metal hydride reaction bed module 80 is shown. The AB metal hydride reaction bed module 80 has a cylindrical structure and is symmetrical from left to right. The left half is a -2.8℃ metal hydride reaction region (high-temperature region), and the right half is a -50℃ metal hydride reaction region (low-temperature region). The left and right halves have identical structures, each alternately containing a first annular layer 22 of metal hydride material (filled with metal hydrogen storage material B) and a second annular layer 23 of metal hydride material (filled with metal hydrogen storage material A). Copper plates 24 are placed between the metal hydride material layers. During the hydrogen absorption / desorption cycle, the metal hydrogen storage material B filled in the left half can be rotated to exchange positions with the metal hydrogen storage material B filled in the right half; similarly, the metal hydrogen storage material A filled in the left half can be rotated to exchange positions with the metal hydrogen storage material A filled in the right half. An annular plate partition 30 separates the left and right halves. In the -2.8℃ metal hydride reaction zone, the heat released when metal hydride B absorbs hydrogen is used to supply the heat released when metal hydride A releases hydrogen. In the -50℃ metal hydride reaction zone, the heat released when metal hydride A absorbs hydrogen is used to supply the heat released when metal hydride B releases hydrogen. The outer shell 25 of the AB metal hydride reaction bed module 80 is made of copper, and an insulation layer 26 is provided between the outer shell 25 and the outermost metal hydride material layer. The first metal hydride material layer 22 and the second metal hydride material layer 23 are respectively filled with metal hydrogen storage material B and metal hydrogen storage material A, and each layer of metal hydrogen storage material is wrapped with a carbon fiber film 27. The top of the AB metal hydride reaction bed module is equipped with a rotating fork 28, which can push the metal hydrogen storage material wrapped with carbon fiber film 27 back and forth between the left and right parts of the AB metal hydride reaction bed module 80. Each carbon fiber film 27 is also provided with a vent hole that communicates with the gas collecting plate 31 located at the top, allowing hydrogen to enter and exit when the metal hydrogen storage material absorbs and releases hydrogen. A bed rotation drive structure 29 is provided at the bottom of the AB metal hydride reactor module 80. The bed rotation drive structure 29 can drive the outer shell 25 and each copper plate 24 to rotate between the left and right parts of the AB metal hydride reactor module 80.

[0030] When the rotating fork 28 drives the layers of metallic hydrogen storage material wrapped by the carbon fiber film 27 to rotate, or when the bed rotation drive structure 29 drives the outer shell 25 and each copper plate 24 to rotate, the gas collecting plate 31 is lifted, and the vent holes on the carbon fiber film 27 are automatically closed, thus allowing the rotation to proceed smoothly. When the rotation is in place, the gas collecting plate 31 is pressed down, opening the vent holes on the carbon fiber film 27 to complete the gas passage connection, allowing hydrogen to enter and exit. Figure 4A schematic diagram of the assembly of the gas collecting plate 31 and the carbon fiber membrane 27 is shown. A bed spring 33 and a bed steel ball 34 are installed in the vent holes of the carbon fiber membrane 27. A gas collecting plate spring 35 and a gas collecting plate steel ball 36 are installed in the gas collecting port of the gas collecting plate 31. When the gas collecting plate 31 is pressed down, the gas collecting plate spring 35 and the gas collecting plate steel ball 36 compress the bed steel ball 34 and the bed spring 33, thereby establishing air passage between the carbon fiber membrane 27 and the gas collecting plate 31.

[0031] In the first group of BA metal hydride reaction bed modules 81 and the second group of BA metal hydride reaction bed modules 81', the heat of reaction released when the A4' metal hydride in the A4'B1' metal hydride reaction bed 41 absorbs hydrogen is used to supply the B1' metal hydride when it releases hydrogen; the heat of reaction released when the B1' metal hydride in the B1'A1' metal hydride reaction bed 32 absorbs hydrogen is used to supply the A1' metal hydride when it releases hydrogen; the heat of reaction released when the A1' metal hydride in the A1'A2' metal hydride reaction bed 38 absorbs hydrogen is used to supply the A2' metal hydride when it releases hydrogen; the heat of reaction released when the A2' metal hydride in the A2'A3' metal hydride reaction bed 39 absorbs hydrogen is used to supply the A3' metal hydride when it releases hydrogen; and the heat of reaction released when the A3' metal hydride in the A3'A4' metal hydride reaction bed 40 absorbs hydrogen is used to supply the A4' metal hydride when it releases hydrogen.

[0032] The A4' metal hydride is circulated between the A3'A4' metal hydride reactor 40 and the A4'B1' metal hydride reactor 41. The B1' metal hydride is circulated between the A4'B1' metal hydride reactor 41 and the B1'A1' metal hydride reactor 32. The A1' metal hydride is circulated between the B1'A1' metal hydride reactor 32 and the A1'A2' metal hydride reactor 38. The A2' metal hydride is circulated between the A1'A2' metal hydride reactor 38 and the A2'A3' metal hydride reactor 39. The A3' metal hydride is circulated between the A2'A3' metal hydride reactor 39 and the A3'A4' metal hydride reactor 40.

[0033] In the AB metal hydride reaction bed module 80, hydrogen A gas is released from the hydrogen outlet of the -2.8℃ metal hydride reaction zone. The hydrogen A gas is divided into two paths. The first path is connected to the first inlet of the multi-stage expander generator 1 via the first tube 441 of the AI ​​device heat exchanger 44. The first outlet of the multi-stage expander generator 1 returns to the second inlet of the multi-stage expander generator 1 after heat exchange via the second tube 442 of the AI ​​device heat exchanger 44. The second outlet of the multi-stage expander generator 1 returns to the third inlet of the multi-stage expander generator 1 after heat exchange via the third tube 443 of the AI ​​device heat exchanger 44. The third outlet of the multi-stage expander generator 1 is connected to the fourth inlet of the multi-stage expander generator 1. The fourth outlet of the multi-stage expander generator 1 is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to metal hydride B in the -2.8℃ metal hydride reaction zone. The second path, after passing through the first shell side 691, second shell side 692, and third shell side 693 of the central heat exchanger 69, connects to the hydrogen absorption lines corresponding to the B1' metal hydride in the two B1'A1' metal hydride reaction beds 32, respectively. The hydrogen release lines corresponding to the B1' metal hydride in the two A4'B1' metal hydride reaction beds 41 are merged and divided into two parts. The first part connects to the hydrogen absorption lines corresponding to the A4' metal hydride in the two A4'B1' metal hydride reaction beds 41, respectively. The second part, after passing through the second tube side 452 of the air heat exchanger 45, connects to the hydrogen absorption lines corresponding to the A2' metal hydride in the two A2'A3' metal hydride reaction beds 39, respectively. The hydrogen release lines corresponding to the A1' metal hydride in the two B1'A1' metal hydride reaction beds 32 are merged and then connected to the hydrogen absorption line corresponding to the B metal hydride in the -2.8℃ metal hydride reaction zone of the AB metal hydride reaction bed module 80 via the second tube pass 692' of the central heat exchanger 69 and the fifth tube pass 455 of the air heat exchanger 45. Similarly, the hydrogen release lines corresponding to the A2' metal hydride in the two A1'A2' metal hydride reaction beds 38 are merged and then connected to the hydrogen absorption line corresponding to the B metal hydride in the -2.8℃ metal hydride reaction zone of the AB metal hydride reaction bed module 80 via the first tube pass 691' of the central heat exchanger 69 and the fifth tube pass 455 of the air heat exchanger 45. The hydrogen release pipelines corresponding to the A3' metal hydride in the two A2'A3' metal hydride reaction beds 39 are merged and then connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to the B metal hydride in the -2.8℃ metal hydride reaction zone of the AB metal hydride reaction bed module 80 via the fifth tube 455 of the air heat exchanger 45.

[0034] After the hydrogen release pipelines corresponding to the A4' metal hydride in the two A3'A4' metal hydride reaction beds 40 are merged, they pass sequentially through the fourth tube side 454 of the air heat exchanger 45 and the fourth shell side 694 of the central heat exchanger 69, and are connected to the expansion inlet of the turbocharger 46. The expansion outlet of the turbocharger 46 passes through the first tube side 451 of the air heat exchanger 45 and is connected to the hydrogen intake pipelines corresponding to the A1' metal hydride in the two A1'A2' metal hydride reaction beds 38.

[0035] In the AB metal hydride reaction bed module 80, hydrogen B gas is released from the hydrogen outlet of the -50℃ metal hydride reaction zone. This hydrogen B gas is divided into four parts. The first part is connected to the hydrogen absorption line corresponding to the A metal hydride in the -50℃ metal hydride reaction zone. The second part, after passing through the second tube 452 of the air heat exchanger 45, is connected to the hydrogen absorption line corresponding to the A2' metal hydride in each of the two A2'A3' metal hydride reaction beds 39. The third part, after passing through the third tube 453 of the air heat exchanger 45, is connected to the hydrogen absorption line corresponding to the A3' metal hydride in each of the two A3'A4' metal hydride reaction beds 40. The fourth part is connected to the compression inlet of the turbocharger 46. The compression outlet of the turbocharger 46 is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to the B metal hydride in the -2.8℃ metal hydride reaction zone of the AB metal hydride reaction bed module 80 after passing through the third tube 693' and the fourth tube 694' of the central heat exchanger 69 and the fifth tube 455 of the air heat exchanger 45.

[0036] The first metal hydride material layer 22 and the second metal hydride material layer 23 of the AB metal hydride reaction bed module 80 are respectively filled with metal hydrides. Each metal hydride reaction bed in the first group BA metal hydride reaction bed module 81 and the second group BA metal hydride reaction bed module 81' is respectively filled with metal hydrides. The types of metal hydrides can be the same or different. The type and filling thickness of the metal hydrides can be selected according to the actual needs of heat exchange between the various metal hydride reaction beds. Figure 1In the hydrogen absorption and desorption cycle unit shown, the hydrogen absorption conditions of metal hydride A, which is filled in the -2.8℃ and -50℃ metal hydride reaction regions of the AB metal hydride reaction bed module 80, are -49℃ and 0.15MPa, and the hydrogen desorption conditions are -2.8℃ and 2.5MPa, with a filling thickness of 0.7mm. The hydrogen absorption conditions of metal hydride B, which is filled in the -2.8℃ and -50℃ metal hydride reaction regions of the AB metal hydride reaction bed module 80, are -1.8℃ and 0.76MPa, and the hydrogen desorption conditions are -50℃ and 0.15MPa, with a filling thickness of 0.83mm. The hydrogen absorption conditions for A1' metal hydride packed in B1'A1' metal hydride reaction bed 32 and A1'A2' metal hydride reaction bed 38 are 11.2℃ and 0.15MPa, and the hydrogen release conditions are 49℃ and 0.76MPa. The hydrogen absorption conditions for A2' metal hydride packed in A1'A2' metal hydride reaction bed 38 and A2'A3' metal hydride reaction bed 39 are -19.5℃ and 0.15MPa, and the hydrogen release conditions are 10.2℃ and 0.76MPa. The hydrogen absorption conditions for A3' metal hydride packed in A2'A3' metal hydride reaction bed 39 and A3'A4' metal hydride reaction bed 40 are -44.4℃ and 0.15MPa, and the hydrogen release conditions are -20.5℃ and 0.76MPa. The hydrogen absorption conditions for the A4' metal hydride packed in A3'A4' metal hydride reaction beds 40 and A4'B1' metal hydride reaction beds 41 are -49℃ and 0.15MPa, and the hydrogen release conditions are -45.4℃ and 0.2MPa. The hydrogen absorption conditions for the B1' metal hydride packed in A4'B1' metal hydride reaction beds 41 and B1'A1' metal hydride reaction beds 32 are 50℃ and 2.5MPa, and the hydrogen release conditions are -50℃ and 0.15MPa. The temperature and pressure curves for hydrogen absorption and release of each metal hydride are shown below. Figures 5 to 11 As shown.

[0037] Metal hydrides A, A1', A2', A3', and A4' are temperature-negative metal hydrogen storage materials. Metal hydride B and B1' are temperature-positive metal hydrogen storage materials. A temperature-negatively-dependent metal hydrogen storage material is defined as absorbing low-pressure hydrogen at low temperatures and releasing heat, and releasing high-pressure hydrogen at high temperatures and releasing cold energy. A temperature-positively-dependent metal hydrogen storage material is defined as absorbing high-pressure hydrogen at high temperatures and releasing high-temperature heat, and releasing low-pressure hydrogen at low temperatures and releasing low-temperature cold energy. In this application, metal hydrogen storage material A is a rare-earth-based metal hydrogen storage material, and metal hydrogen storage material B is an iron-titanium-based metal hydrogen storage material. Metal hydrogen storage material A experiences significant pressure changes with temperature, while metal hydrogen storage material B experiences smaller pressure changes with temperature.

[0038] Figure 1The working process of the hydrogen absorption / desorption cycle unit shown is as follows (based on a 6kW AI computing center): In the AB metal hydride reaction bed module 80, hydrogen gas at 7.98 g / s, 0.76 MPa, and -1.8°C is supplied to the B metal hydrogen storage material filled in the -2.8°C metal hydride reaction zone. This B metal absorbs hydrogen and releases heat, which is then used to cause the A metal hydrogen storage material in the -2.8°C metal hydride reaction zone to release hydrogen gas at 5.74 g / s, -2.8°C, and 2.5 MPa. The first portion of circulating hydrogen gas at 3.98 g / s, -2.8°C, and 2.5 MPa is heated to 50°C via the first section 441 of the AI ​​device heat exchanger 44. This 3.98 g / s, 50°C, and 2.5 MPa hydrogen gas then enters the multi-stage expander generator 1. After the first two stages of work, the pressure decreases sequentially to 1.85 MPa and 1.38 MPa. The hydrogen gas after the first two stages of work then enters the second section 442 of the AI ​​device heat exchanger 44. The third tube side 443 exchanges heat to 50℃ and 49.2℃, and after the third stage of the multi-stage expander generator 1 performs work, it is converted into hydrogen gas at 22.35℃ and 1.02MPa. After the fourth stage of the multi-stage expander generator 1 performs work, it is converted into hydrogen gas at -1.8℃ and 0.76MPa. The hydrogen gas at 3.98g / s, -1.8℃, and 0.76MPa enters the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to metal hydride B in the -2.8℃ metal hydride reaction zone. The heat released by the AI ​​device is discharged after heat exchange in the shell side of the AI ​​device heat exchanger 44.

[0039] The second part of the hydrogen gas, at 1.76 g / s, -2.8℃, and 2.5 MPa, is heated to 45.5℃ after passing through the first shell side 691, the second shell side 692, and the third shell side 693 of the central heat exchanger 69. It then enters the hydrogen absorption lines corresponding to the B1' metal hydride in the two B1'A1' metal hydride reaction beds 32 at different times, allowing the B1' metal hydride to absorb hydrogen and release heat at 50℃ and 2.5 MPa. This heat is used to cause the A1' metal hydride in the two B1'A1' metal hydride reaction beds 32 to release hydrogen gas at 1.27 g / s, 49℃, and 0.76 MPa, respectively. Hydrogen gas at 1.27 g / s, 49°C, and 0.76 MPa passes through the second tube 692' of the central heat exchanger 69 and the fifth tube 455 of the air heat exchanger 45. After its temperature drops to -1.8°C, it connects to the hydrogen absorption line corresponding to the B metal hydride in the -2.8°C metal hydride reaction zone of the AB metal hydride reaction bed module 80.

[0040] Hydrogen gas at 1.27 g / s, 11.2°C, and 0.15 MPa is supplied alternately to the A1' metal hydride filling the two A1'A2' metal hydride reaction beds 38, allowing it to absorb hydrogen and release heat at 11.2°C and 0.15 MPa. This heat is used to cause the A2' metal hydride filling the two A1'A2' metal hydride reaction beds 38 to release hydrogen gas at 1.27 g / s, 10.2°C, and 0.76 MPa in turn. The hydrogen gas at 1.27 g / s, 10.2°C, and 0.76 MPa passes through the first tube 691' of the central heat exchanger 69 and the fifth tube 455 of the air heat exchanger 45, and its temperature drops to -1.8°C before connecting to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to the B metal hydride filling the metal hydride reaction zone at -2.8°C in the AB metal hydride reaction bed module 80.

[0041] Hydrogen gas at 1.27 g / s, -19.5°C, and 0.15 MPa is supplied alternately and time-divisionally to the A2' metal hydride packed in the two A2'A3' metal hydride reaction beds 39, causing it to absorb hydrogen and release heat at -19.5°C and 0.15 MPa. This heat is used to cause the A3' metal hydride packed in the two A2'A3' metal hydride reaction beds 39 to release hydrogen gas at 1.27 g / s, -20.5°C, and 0.76 MPa in turn. The hydrogen gas at 1.27 g / s, -20.5°C, and 0.76 MPa is heated to -1.8°C through the fifth tube 455 of the air heat exchanger 45 and connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to the B metal hydride packed in the metal hydride reaction zone at -2.8°C in the AB metal hydride reaction bed module 80.

[0042] Hydrogen gas at 1.27 g / s, -44.4℃, and 0.15 MPa is supplied alternately to the A3' metal hydride packed in the two A3'A4' metal hydride reaction beds 40, so that it absorbs hydrogen and releases heat at -44.4℃ and 0.15 MPa. This heat is used to cause the A4' metal hydride packed in the two A3'A4' metal hydride reaction beds 40 to release hydrogen gas at 1.27 g / s, -45.4℃, and 0.2 MPa in turn. Hydrogen gas at 1.27 g / s, -45.4℃, and 0.2 MPa is heated to 20℃ after passing through the fourth tube side 454 of the air heat exchanger 45 and the fourth shell side 694 of the central heat exchanger 69. It then enters the expansion inlet of the turbocharger 46, expands to 0.15 MPa, and is heated to 11.2℃ after passing through the first tube side 451 of the air heat exchanger 45. It is then connected to the hydrogen absorption lines corresponding to the A1' metal hydride in the two A1'A2' metal hydride reaction beds 38.

[0043] Hydrogen gas at 1.27 g / s, -49°C, and 0.15 MPa is supplied intermittently to the A4' metal hydride packed in the two A4'B1' metal hydride reaction beds 41. This allows the A4' metal hydride to absorb hydrogen and release heat at -49°C and 0.15 MPa. The B1' metal hydride packed in the two A4'B1' metal hydride reaction beds 41 absorbs this heat and releases hydrogen gas at 1.76 g / s, -50°C, and 0.15 MPa. The hydrogen gas at 1.27 g / s, -50°C, and 0.15 MPa is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipelines corresponding to the A4' metal hydride in the two A4'B1' metal hydride reaction beds 41. The remaining -50℃, 0.15MPa hydrogen gas is heat-exchanged in the second tube 452 of the air heat exchanger 45 and then connected to the hydrogen absorption lines corresponding to the A2' metal hydride in the two A2'A3' metal hydride reaction beds 39.

[0044] Hydrogen gas at 5.74 g / s, 0.15 MPa, and -50°C is supplied to the AB metal hydride reaction bed module 80. Metal hydride A, packed in the -50°C metal hydride reaction zone, absorbs hydrogen and releases heat at -49°C and 0.15 MPa. This heat is used to cause metal hydride B, also packed in the -50°C metal hydride reaction zone of the AB metal hydride reaction bed module 80, to release hydrogen gas at 7.98 g / s, -50°C, and 0.15 MPa. This 7.98 g / s, -50°C, and 0.15 MPa hydrogen gas is divided into four parts. The first part, 5.74 g / s, 0.15 MPa, and -50°C hydrogen gas, is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to metal hydride A packed in the -50°C metal hydride reaction zone of the AB metal hydride reaction bed module 80. The second part, hydrogen gas at 0.77 g / s, 0.15 MPa, and -50°C, is connected via the second tube 452 of the air heat exchanger 45 to the hydrogen absorption lines corresponding to the A2' metal hydride in the two A2'A3' metal hydride reaction beds 39. The third part, hydrogen gas at 1.27 g / s, 0.15 MPa, and -50°C, is connected via the third tube 453 of the air heat exchanger 45 to the hydrogen absorption lines corresponding to the A3' metal hydride in the two A3'A4' metal hydride reaction beds 40. The fourth part, 0.21 g / s, 0.15 MPa, -50 °C hydrogen gas, is connected to the compression inlet of turbocharger 46. After being compressed to 0.76 MPa, it passes through the third tube 693' and fourth tube 694' of central heat exchanger 69 and the fifth tube 455 of air heat exchanger 45 in sequence, and then connects to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to metal hydride B filled in the metal hydride reaction zone at -2.8 °C in AB metal hydride reaction bed module 80.

[0045] The power generation system utilizing metal hydrides provided in this application conforms to the following Coleridge's law: 1. Coleridge's First Law It is always possible to find at least two metal hydrides, including temperature-positive and / or temperature-negative metal hydrides, to form at least one cycle, which utilizes ambient energy or system energy, including system heat dissipation, to obtain pressurized hydrogen under a certain state to do work and generate corresponding forms of energy, thus becoming part of the cycle described above; while the cycle consumption within the cycle system is relatively small and comes from a portion of the work it does.

[0046] 2. Coleridge's Second Law For a given high-pressure hydrogen and a given low-pressure hydrogen, there can always be a cycle consisting of at least two metal hydrides to produce medium-pressure hydrogen at the corresponding pressure, while the cycle consumption is relatively small; the mass of the medium-pressure hydrogen is the sum of the aforementioned high-pressure hydrogen and low-pressure hydrogen, and the high-pressure hydrogen and low-pressure hydrogen are in a certain ratio.

[0047] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A system for generating electricity using metal hydrides, comprising an AB metal hydride reaction bed module (80), a first group of BA metal hydride reaction bed modules (81), a second group of BA metal hydride reaction bed modules (81'), an AI device heat exchanger (44), an air heat exchanger (45), a central heat exchanger (69), a multi-stage expansion generator (1), a battery (2), and an electrolyzer (3); In the AB metal hydride reaction bed module (80), hydrogen A gas is released from the hydrogen outlet of the -2.8℃ metal hydride reaction zone. The hydrogen A gas is divided into two paths. The first path is connected to the first stage inlet of the multi-stage expansion generator (1) through the first section (441) of the AI ​​equipment heat exchanger (44). The first stage outlet of the multi-stage expansion generator (1) returns to the second stage inlet of the multi-stage expansion generator (1) after heat exchange through the second section (442) of the AI ​​equipment heat exchanger (44). The second stage outlet of the multi-stage expansion generator (1) returns to the second stage inlet of the multi-stage expansion generator (1) through the third section of the AI ​​equipment heat exchanger (44). (443) After heat exchange, it returns to the third stage inlet of the multi-stage expander (1). The third stage outlet of the multi-stage expander (1) is connected to the fourth stage inlet of the multi-stage expander (1). The fourth stage outlet of the multi-stage expander (1) is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to metal hydride B in the -2.8℃ metal hydride reaction zone. The second path passes through the first shell side (691), the second shell side (692) and the third shell side (693) of the central heat exchanger (69) and is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to metal hydride B1' in the two B1'A1' metal hydride reaction beds (32). The hydrogen release pipelines corresponding to the B1' metal hydride in the two A4'B1' metal hydride reaction beds (41) are merged and divided into two parts. The first part is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipelines corresponding to the A4' metal hydride in the two A4'B1' metal hydride reaction beds (41), and the second part is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipelines corresponding to the A2' metal hydride in the two A2'A3' metal hydride reaction beds (39) after passing through the second tube (452) of the air heat exchanger (45). After the hydrogen release pipelines corresponding to the A1' metal hydride in the two B1'A1' metal hydride reaction beds (32) are merged, they pass through the second tube (692') of the central heat exchanger (69) and the fifth tube (455) of the air heat exchanger (45), and then connect to the hydrogen absorption pipeline corresponding to the B metal hydride in the -2.8℃ metal hydride reaction area of ​​the AB metal hydride reaction bed module (80); The hydrogen release pipelines corresponding to the A2' metal hydride in the two A1'A2' metal hydride reaction beds (38) are merged and then connected to the hydrogen absorption pipelines corresponding to the B metal hydride in the -2.8℃ metal hydride reaction zone of the AB metal hydride reaction bed module (80) via the first tube pass (691') of the central heat exchanger (69) and the fifth tube pass (455) of the air heat exchanger (45); The hydrogen release pipelines corresponding to the A3' metal hydride in the two A2'A3' metal hydride reaction beds (39) are combined and then connected to the hydrogen absorption pipelines corresponding to the B metal hydride in the -2.8℃ metal hydride reaction zone of the AB metal hydride reaction bed module (80) via the fifth tube (455) of the air heat exchanger (45); After the hydrogen release pipelines corresponding to the A4' metal hydride in the two A3'A4' metal hydride reaction beds (40) are merged, they pass through the fourth tube side (454) of the air heat exchanger (45) and the fourth shell side (694) of the central heat exchanger (69) in sequence, and are connected to the expansion inlet of the turbocharger (46). The expansion outlet of the turbocharger (46) passes through the first tube side (451) of the air heat exchanger (45) and is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipes corresponding to the A1' metal hydride in the two A1'A2' metal hydride reaction beds (38) respectively. In the AB metal hydride reaction bed module (80), hydrogen B gas is released from the hydrogen outlet of the -50℃ metal hydride reaction zone. The hydrogen B gas is divided into four parts. The first part is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipe corresponding to the A metal hydride in the -50℃ metal hydride reaction zone; the second part is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipe corresponding to the A2' metal hydride in the two A2'A3' metal hydride reaction beds (39) after passing through the second tube (452) of the air heat exchanger (45); the third part is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipe corresponding to the A2' metal hydride in the two A2'A3' metal hydride reaction beds (39) after passing through the third tube (453) of the air heat exchanger (45). The fourth part is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipe corresponding to the A3' metal hydride in the two A3'A4' metal hydride reaction beds (40); the fourth part is connected to the compression inlet of the turbocharger (46), and the compression outlet of the turbocharger (46) is connected to the hydrogen absorption pipe corresponding to the B metal hydride in the -2.8℃ metal hydride reaction zone in the AB metal hydride reaction bed module (80) after passing through the third tube (693') and the fourth tube (694') of the central heat exchanger (69) and the fifth tube (455) of the air heat exchanger (45).

2. The system for generating electricity using metal hydrides as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The AB metal hydride reaction bed module (80) is a cylindrical structure, symmetrical from left to right; the left half is a -2.8℃ metal hydride reaction zone, and the right half is a -50℃ metal hydride reaction zone; a ring plate partition (30) is provided between the left and right parts; a first metal hydride material layer (22) and a second metal hydride material layer (23) are alternately arranged in the AB metal hydride reaction bed module (80), and a copper plate (24) is provided between each metal hydride material layer; in the -2.8℃ metal hydride reaction zone, the reaction heat released when metal hydride B absorbs hydrogen is supplied to metal hydride A when it releases hydrogen; in the -50℃ metal hydride reaction zone, the reaction heat released when metal hydride A absorbs hydrogen is supplied to metal hydride B when it releases hydrogen; the outer shell (25) of the AB metal hydride reaction bed module (80) is made of copper, and an insulation layer (26) is provided between the outer shell (25) and the outermost metal hydride material layer. The first metal hydride material layer (22) and the second metal hydride material layer (23) are respectively filled with metal hydrogen storage material B and metal hydrogen storage material A. Each layer of metal hydrogen storage material is wrapped with carbon fiber film (27). The top of the AB metal hydride reaction bed module is provided with a rotating fork (28). The rotating fork (28) can push the metal hydrogen storage material wrapped with carbon fiber film (27) back and forth between the left and right parts of the AB metal hydride reaction bed module (80). Each carbon fiber film (27) is also provided with a vent hole that is connected to the gas collection plate (31) set at the top, so as to supply hydrogen gas in and out when the metal hydrogen storage material absorbs and releases hydrogen. The bottom of the AB metal hydride reaction bed module (80) is provided with a bed rotation drive structure (29). The bed rotation drive structure (29) can drive the outer shell (25) and each copper plate (24) to rotate between the left and right parts of the AB metal hydride reaction bed module (80). When the rotating fork (28) drives the metal hydrogen storage material wrapped by the carbon fiber film (27) to rotate, or when the bed rotation drive structure (29) drives the outer shell (25) and each copper plate (24) to rotate, the gas collecting plate (31) is lifted, and the vent on the carbon fiber film (27) is automatically closed, so that the rotation proceeds smoothly; when the rotation is in place, the gas collecting plate (31) is pressed down, squeezing open the vent on the carbon fiber film (27) to complete the gas path connection, so that hydrogen can enter and exit; the vent of the carbon fiber film (27) is provided with a bed plate spring (33) and a bed plate steel ball (34); the gas collecting port of the gas collecting plate (31) is provided with a gas collecting plate spring (35) and a gas collecting plate steel ball (36); when the gas collecting plate (31) is pressed down, the gas collecting plate spring (35) and the gas collecting plate steel ball (36) squeeze the bed plate steel ball (34) and the bed plate spring (33), so that the carbon fiber film (27) and the gas collecting plate (31) complete the gas path connection.

3. A system for generating electricity using metal hydrides as described in claim 2, characterized in that, In the first group of BA metal hydride reaction bed modules (81) and the second group of BA metal hydride reaction bed modules (81'), the heat of reaction released when the A4' metal hydride in the A4'B1' metal hydride reaction bed (41) absorbs hydrogen is used to supply the heat of reaction when the B1' metal hydride releases hydrogen; the heat of reaction released when the B1' metal hydride in the B1'A1' metal hydride reaction bed (32) absorbs hydrogen is used to supply the heat of reaction when the A1' metal hydride releases hydrogen; A1'A2 The heat of reaction released when A1' metal hydride absorbs hydrogen in the metal hydride reaction bed (38) is used to supply the heat of reaction when A2' metal hydride releases hydrogen; the heat of reaction released when A2' metal hydride absorbs hydrogen in the A2'A3' metal hydride reaction bed (39) is used to supply the heat of reaction when A3' metal hydride releases hydrogen; the heat of reaction released when A3' metal hydride absorbs hydrogen in the A3'A4' metal hydride reaction bed (40) is used to supply the heat of reaction when A4' metal hydride releases hydrogen. The A4' metal hydride is recycled between the A3'A4' metal hydride reaction bed (40) and the A4'B1' metal hydride reaction bed (41); the B1' metal hydride is recycled between the A4'B1' metal hydride reaction bed (41) and the B1'A1' metal hydride reaction bed (32); the A1' metal hydride is recycled between the B1'A1' metal hydride reaction bed (32) and the A1'A2' metal hydride reaction bed (38); the A2' metal hydride is recycled between the A1'A2' metal hydride reaction bed (38) and the A2'A3' metal hydride reaction bed (39); the A3' metal hydride is recycled between the A2'A3' metal hydride reaction bed (39) and the A3'A4' metal hydride reaction bed (40). The first group of BA metal hydride reaction bed modules (81) and the second group of BA metal hydride reaction bed modules (81') have circular cross-sections and are composed of seven parts connected end to end, namely B1'A1' metal hydride reaction bed (32), A1'A2' metal hydride reaction bed (38), A2'A3' metal hydride reaction bed (39), A3'A4' metal hydride reaction bed (40), A4'B1' metal hydride reaction bed (41), A1' metal hydride transition bed (42) and A4' metal hydride transition bed (43).

4. A system for generating electricity using metal hydrides as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The -2.8℃ and -50℃ metal hydride reaction zones in the AB metal hydride reaction bed module (80), as well as the metal hydrides filled in the B1'A1' metal hydride reaction bed (32), A1'A2' metal hydride reaction bed (38), A2'A3' metal hydride reaction bed (39), A3'A4' metal hydride reaction bed (40) and A4'B1' metal hydride reaction bed (41), may be the same or different; the type of metal hydrogen storage material is selected according to the actual needs of heat exchange between the various metal hydride reaction beds.

5. A system for generating electricity using metal hydrides as described in claim 4, characterized in that, A-metal hydride, A1' metal hydride, A2' metal hydride, A3' metal hydride, and A4' metal hydride are temperature-negative metal hydrogen storage materials. Temperature-negative metal hydrogen storage materials are defined as those that absorb low-pressure hydrogen at low temperatures and release heat, and release high-pressure hydrogen at high temperatures and release cold energy. B metal hydride and B1' metal hydride are temperature-dependent metal hydrogen storage materials; temperature-dependent metal hydrogen storage materials are defined as those that absorb high-pressure hydrogen at high temperatures and release high-temperature heat, and release low-pressure hydrogen at low temperatures and release low-temperature cold energy.

6. A system for generating electricity using metal hydrides as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The hydrogen absorption and desorption cycle unit also includes a pressure hydrogen replacement center (37); a pressure hydrogen replacement center (37) is set between each metal hydride reaction bed, and a pressure hydrogen replacement center (37) is set between the -2.8℃ metal hydride reaction zone and the -50℃ metal hydride reaction zone in the AB metal hydride reaction bed module (80). The pressure hydrogen replacement center (37) is equipped with multiple gas storage chambers as needed to store hydrogen at different pressures and temperatures. The two ends of each gas storage chamber in the pressure hydrogen replacement center (37) are connected to the hydrogen absorption and desorption pipelines of two adjacent metal hydride reaction beds. Each gas storage chamber in the pressure hydrogen replacement center (37) is equipped with a pressure stabilizing device.

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