Electric scooter with battery protection device

Abstract

This invention discloses an electric scooter with a battery protection device, comprising a scooter and a battery module disposed within it. The battery module includes a housing, within which multiple battery cells are slidably disposed. Temperature sensors for detecting the temperature of each battery cell are disposed on it. A heat dissipation device is disposed between the battery cells, comprising components respectively fixedly disposed on the side end faces of adjacent battery cells. This invention provides an electric scooter with a battery protection device that monitors the temperature of each battery cell during scooter operation. When the temperature of a battery cell rises, the size of the heat dissipation channel is automatically adjusted to regulate the flow rate of the cooling fluid, improving the heat dissipation effect. During the adjustment process, the spacing between adjacent battery cells is simultaneously increased to reduce heat transfer and temperature accumulation, further improving battery safety and ensuring the overall safety of the electric scooter.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electric scooter technology, and in particular to electric scooters with battery protection devices. Background Technology

[0002] Electric scooters, as a convenient means of short-distance transportation, typically consist of a battery and a motor in their power system. During operation, the battery generates a significant amount of heat due to continuous discharge, especially when climbing hills, under heavy loads, or in high ambient temperatures, where the battery temperature can rise rapidly. Poor heat dissipation can lead to thermal runaway due to the accumulation of internal heat, resulting in battery performance degradation, shortened lifespan, and even safety hazards. Therefore, heat dissipation technology is a crucial factor in ensuring the safe operation and extending the lifespan of electric scooters.

[0003] Currently, existing electric scooter battery cooling technologies primarily employ air cooling or liquid cooling, relying on increased flow of the cooling fluid (air or coolant) to dissipate heat. However, in practical applications, battery modules typically consist of multiple cells, and existing cooling structures often rely solely on the battery casing or a single heat sink for heat conduction. This results in excessively long heat transfer paths to the cooling medium, and inconsistent heat dissipation rates between individual cells. When the temperature of a local cell rises sharply, the heat cannot be quickly diverted through existing cooling paths, leading to excessive temperature gradients and exacerbating the risk of thermal runaway. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing an electric scooter with a battery protection device. This application improves overall battery safety by increasing the spacing between battery cells while simultaneously increasing the flow rate of cooling water as the cell temperature rises, thereby reducing mutual interference between adjacent cells.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an electric scooter with a battery protection device, comprising a scooter, wherein a battery module is disposed inside the scooter, the battery module includes a housing, a plurality of battery cells are slidably disposed inside the housing, and a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature is disposed on the battery cells, a heat dissipation device is disposed between the battery cells, the heat dissipation device includes a first heat dissipation component and a second heat dissipation component respectively fixedly disposed on the side end faces of adjacent battery cells and cooperating to form a heat dissipation channel, the heat dissipation channel is configured such that the cross-sectional area of ​​the battery cell can expand when the temperature rises and the cross-sectional area can shrink when the temperature drops, so as to increase or decrease the flow of heat dissipation fluid, and the distance between adjacent battery cells expands or shrinks synchronously.

[0006] Its beneficial effects are that when the cell temperature rises, it automatically adjusts the size of the heat dissipation channel to regulate the flow rate of the heat dissipation fluid, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect and increasing the spacing between adjacent cell components to reduce heat transfer and temperature accumulation in the cell components, thereby improving the safety of the battery.

[0007] In the above scheme, preferably, the first heat sink is provided with a first flow groove, and the second heat sink is provided with an insert block adapted to the first flow groove. The insert block is inserted into the first flow groove, and the end face of the insert block and the bottom surface of the first flow groove are combined to form a heat dissipation channel. The cross-sectional area of ​​the channel is changed by changing the relative distance between the insert block and the first flow groove.

[0008] In the above scheme, preferably, the heat dissipation device further includes a first pump configured on the feed channel and a second pump configured on the discharge channel. By changing the flow rate of the first pump to be greater than the flow rate of the second pump, the total number of fluids in the heat dissipation channel is changed, thereby increasing the cross-sectional area of ​​the heat dissipation channel.

[0009] In the above scheme, preferably, a hook spring is arranged between the adjacent battery cells, and the flow rate of the first pump is less than that of the second pump, so that the fluid in the heat dissipation channel flows out, thereby reducing the cross-sectional area of ​​the heat dissipation channel.

[0010] In the above scheme, preferably, the battery cell is provided with a gear shifting component, and the front end of the gear shifting component is guided and slidably disposed on an adjacent battery cell. The battery cell is also provided with a locking device for locking the gear shifting component, so as to lock the adjacent battery cells after adjusting the spacing.

[0011] In the above scheme, preferably, the gear position component has multiple gear slots, and the locking component includes a telescopic component, an elastic component, and a locking tongue component. The locking tongue component elastically contacts the gear slot through the elastic component, and the telescopic component extends and retracts to control the movement space of the locking tongue component, so as to control the unlocking or locking of the gear position component through the locking tongue component.

[0012] In the above scheme, preferably, the scooter is also equipped with a control unit. The control unit controls the extension and retraction of the telescopic component according to the temperature identified by the temperature sensor, and synchronously changes the flow rate of the first pump and the second pump so that the adjacent battery cells can be relatively close or far apart.

[0013] In the above scheme, preferably, the rear end of the upper groove of the gear component is also provided with a through groove, and the locking tongue is limited to the left and right after entering the channel and cannot return.

[0014] In the above scheme, preferably, a connector is inserted into the electrode at the upper end of each battery cell, and a top contact is slidably disposed on the battery cell and located below the locking tongue and the upper connector. The upper end of the through groove on the stop member is designed to be open. After the upper end of the locking tongue passes through the through groove, the top contact moves upward so that the top contact pushes the connector to disconnect from the electrode of the battery cell.

[0015] In the above scheme, preferably, the electric scooter is also equipped with a controller, and the battery module is electrically connected to the controller. After the electrode on the independent battery cell is disconnected from the connector, the controller continues to supply power to the vehicle with the remaining battery cell and issues an alarm to the operator through the control unit.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention provides an electric scooter with a battery protection device. During the operation of the electric scooter, the temperature of each battery cell is monitored. After the temperature of the battery cell rises, the size of the heat dissipation channel is automatically adjusted to regulate the flow rate of the heat dissipation fluid and improve the heat dissipation effect. During the adjustment process, the distance between adjacent battery cells is increased simultaneously to reduce heat transfer and temperature accumulation of the battery cells, further improving the safety of the battery and ensuring the overall safety of the electric scooter. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the battery compartment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the interior of the housing of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the battery module of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the battery cell connection of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the first and second heat sinks of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the cooperation between the gear shift component and the locking device of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments: Example 1:

[0025] See Figures 1-7 An electric scooter with a battery protection device includes a scooter 1, on which a battery module 2 for providing power to the vehicle, a controller 3 for controlling the charging and discharging of the battery module 2, and a control unit for controlling the entire vehicle are provided.

[0026] The scooter 1 has a battery compartment 11, and the battery module 2 is fixedly disposed within the battery compartment 11. The battery module 2 includes a housing 21 for sealing the internal battery cells. A guide slide 211 is disposed inside the housing 21, and multiple battery cells 22 are guided and slidably disposed on the guide slide 211. The electrodes of each battery cell 22 are disposed at its upper end, and a connector 25 is inserted into the electrode. All connectors 25 are connected to the main electrode on the housing 21 through wires. The controller 3 is connected to the main electrode on the housing 21 for charging and discharging of the power module 2.

[0027] Each adjacent battery cell 22 is provided with a heat dissipation device 23 for dissipating heat from the battery cell 22. The heat dissipation device 23 includes a first heat dissipation component 231, a second heat dissipation component 232, and a protective component 233. The first heat dissipation component 231 and the second heat dissipation component 232 are respectively fixedly disposed on the side wall of the adjacent battery cell 22. The first heat dissipation component 231 is provided with a first flow groove 2311 with a side opening. The second heat dissipation component 232 is provided with an insertion block 2321 adapted to the first flow groove 2311. The insertion block 2321 is inserted into the first flow groove. On 2311, the side opening of the chute is then blocked, leaving only two channels: the inlet 2312 and the outlet, forming a heat dissipation channel for the heat dissipation fluid to flow through. At the same time, the relative distance between the first heat dissipation component 231 and the second heat dissipation component 232 changes, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the heat dissipation channel changes, increasing or decreasing the amount of heat dissipation fluid that can pass through. The protective component 233 is a bell-shaped cover device, with its two ends connected to the end faces of two adjacent battery cells 22, and covering the first heat dissipation component 231 and the second heat dissipation component 232 inside, to prevent the fluid from flowing outward.

[0028] The battery compartment 11 is also equipped with a liquid storage chamber 12, which contains a cooling fluid for dissipating heat from the battery cells 22. Each battery cell 22 is equipped with a temperature sensor for detecting its temperature. The inlet of the heat dissipation channel on the heat dissipation device 23 is connected to the liquid storage chamber 12 via a pipe, and a first pump is installed on the pipe to introduce the cooling fluid from the liquid storage chamber 12 into the heat dissipation channel. The outlet of the heat dissipation channel is connected to the channel of the heat sink 13 located at the front end of the battery compartment 11 via a pipe. After flowing through the heat sink 13, the fluid flows back to the liquid storage chamber 12. A second pump is installed at the outlet to control the flow rate of the cooling fluid flowing out of the heat dissipation channel. The power supplies for the first pump and the second pump are independent power supplies.

[0029] When the temperature of the battery cell 22 rises, the flow rate of the first pump is increased while the flow rate of the second pump remains unchanged, so that the amount of heat dissipation fluid entering the heat dissipation channel is greater than the amount flowing out, thereby increasing the internal hydraulic pressure, increasing the relative distance between the first heat dissipation component 231 and the second heat dissipation component 232, increasing the volume of the heat dissipation channel, and thus enhancing the heat dissipation effect.

[0030] Guide blocks 224 are arranged on the left and right side walls of the battery cell 22. The guide blocks 224 guide and slide the battery cell 22 on the guide groove 211 of the housing 21. A pin 223 is arranged on the guide block 224. The battery cell 22 is also equipped with a hook spring 221 and a stop 222. The two ends of the hook spring 221 are respectively connected to the pins 223 of two adjacent battery cells 22, so that the battery cells 22 have a tension force that brings them closer together in the initial state. One end of the stop 222 is fixedly arranged on the battery cell 22, and the other end is guided and slidably arranged on the transverse guide groove of the guide block 224. The stop 222 has multiple stop grooves 2221, and a through groove 2222 is opened at the outermost stop groove 2221. The upper end of the through groove 2222 is open.

[0031] The guide block 224 is also provided with a vertical guide groove that crosses and communicates with the transverse guide groove. The vertical guide groove is provided with a locking device 24 for locking the stop member 222. The locking device 24 includes a telescopic member 241, an elastic member 242 and a locking tongue 243. The locking tongue 243 is slidably arranged on the guide block 224. The elastic member 242 is sleeved on the telescopic rod of the telescopic member 241, with one end abutting the lower end of the locking tongue 243 and the other end abutting the cylinder of the telescopic member 241. At the same time, the upper end of the locking tongue 243 abuts the stop groove 2221 of the stop member 222.

[0032] When the telescopic member 241 is not extended, the lower part of the locking tongue 243 is not restricted, so it can slide downwards, and the two adjacent battery cells 22 can slide relative to each other. When the telescopic member 241 extends upwards, the lower end of the locking tongue 243 at the front end of its telescopic rod is restricted, preventing the locking tongue 243 from moving downwards. As a result, the locking tongue 243 locks onto the groove 2221 of the gear position member 222, meaning the two adjacent battery cells 22 cannot move relative to each other. When the locking tongue 243 touches the groove 2221, after the telescopic member 241 retracts, the gear position member 222 can move relative to each other, meaning the two adjacent battery cells 22 can move relative to each other.

[0033] When the stop member 222 moves to the outer end, that is, the through groove 2222 on the stop member 222 is aligned with the locking tongue member 243, the locking tongue member 243 extends into the through groove 2222 under the action of the elastic member 242. At this time, the locking tongue member 243 is limited on both sides by the groove wall of the through groove 2222, thereby completely locking the stop member 222 and preventing it from resetting forward.

[0034] A top contact 225 is slidably positioned on the vertical guide groove. The upper end of the top contact 225 contacts the connector 25. After the locking tongue 243 enters the through groove 2222, its upper end extends out of the through groove 2222 and contacts the lower end of the top contact 225, causing it to move upward. This, in turn, pushes the connector 25 upward, disengaging it from the electrode of the battery cell 22. At this point, the battery cell 22 at this position is disconnected from the control module, and the distance between the battery cell 22 and adjacent battery cells 22 moves to its maximum.

[0035] Its working principle or usage method is as follows: In the initial state, the locking tongue 243 touches the first stop groove 2221 of the stop member 222. At this time, the first heat sink 231 and the second heat sink 232 are in the closest state, that is, the cross-sectional area of ​​the heat dissipation channel in the heat dissipation device 23 is in the minimum state.

[0036] During the use of battery module 2, the temperature of cell 22 rises. When it reaches a set temperature, the control unit controls the telescopic member 241 on cell 22 to retract. At this time, the locking tongue 243 is in the unlocked state. The control unit simultaneously controls the first pump to increase its flow rate while keeping the flow rate of the second pump unchanged, so that the amount of heat dissipation fluid entering the heat dissipation channel is greater than the amount flowing out. This increases the pressure of the heat dissipation fluid in the heat dissipation channel, thereby increasing the cross-sectional area of ​​the heat dissipation channel. This increases the distance between the first heat dissipation member 231 and the second heat dissipation member 232. After the locking tongue 243 presses against the next stop groove 2221, the telescopic member 241 extends to relock the locking tongue 243. At the same time, the control unit controls the flow rate of the second pump to be consistent with the flow rate of the first pump. This makes the heat dissipation channel larger and the flow rate of the heat dissipation fluid faster, so that the heat dissipation fluid can dissipate heat more effectively.

[0037] The increased spacing between the first heat sink 231 and the second heat sink 232 increases the spacing between adjacent battery cells 22, thereby reducing heat transfer between them and also reducing the safety distance between them.

[0038] After the temperature of the battery cell 22 drops to the set temperature, the telescopic member 241 is unlocked. At this time, the speed of the first pump slows down, while the speed of the second pump remains unchanged, so as to reduce the fluid entering the heat dissipation channel. Under the action of the hook spring 221, the distance between the first heat dissipation component 231 and the second heat dissipation component 232 is brought closer. When the locking tongue 243 touches the previous stop groove 2221, the telescopic member 241 extends to lock the locking tongue 243 and controls the speed of the second pump to drop to match that of the first pump, so as to keep the total number of fluids entering and leaving the same.

[0039] Each slot 2221 of the gear position component 222 corresponds to a set temperature range. Within the safe temperature range, the spacing of the battery cell components 22 can be automatically adjusted with the temperature change.

[0040] When the temperature rises to the highest set value, the locking tongue 243 unlocks, and the flow rate of the first pump is controlled to be greater than that of the second pump, so that the spacing between adjacent battery cells 22 is expanded to the maximum value, that is, the locking tongue 243 is located in the through groove 2222. At this time, the locking tongue 243 is limited by the left and right sides of the through groove 2222, so that it can no longer be reset. At the same time, the upper end of the locking tongue 243 extends out of the upper end of the through groove 2222 and touches the lower end of the contact member 225, driving the connector 25 to move upward, so that the connector 25 is disengaged from the electrode of the battery cell 22. At this time, the battery cell 22 at this position is disconnected from the control module, and the spacing between the battery cell 22 and the adjacent battery cell 22 in front moves to the maximum. The battery cell 22 behind automatically adjusts the spacing between itself and the battery cell 22 in front according to its own temperature change.

[0041] After cell 22 disconnects, controller 3 automatically adjusts the transformer mode, using the remaining cell 22 to continue providing a stable voltage to the vehicle, allowing it to continue driving. The control unit displays a power fault on the vehicle display unit and may issue a voice warning, while also limiting the vehicle's speed to reduce the use of battery module 2 and prevent the temperature of the remaining cell 22 from exceeding a set value. The alarm and speed limit can only be restored after disassembling and inspecting battery module 2.

[0042] Example 2:

[0043] See Figures 1-7The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 lies in the locking tongue 243 and the telescopic member 241, and the way they work together; all other aspects are the same. In this embodiment, after the temperature of a single battery cell 22 rises, the telescopic member 241 on the current battery cell 22 and the next battery cell 22 is unlocked to increase the distance between this battery cell 22 and the adjacent battery cells 22. After exceeding the set temperature, the locking tongue 243 is inserted into the through groove 2222. At this time, the telescopic member 241 is in a retracted state. At this time, the front end of the locking tongue 243 does not extend beyond the upper end of the through groove 2222. Therefore, the adjacent distance of the battery cells 22 is limited to the maximum value and cannot be reset. At this time, the telescopic member 241 on this battery cell 22 extends, thereby pushing the locking tongue 243 upward to extend beyond the upper end of the through groove 2222 and abut against the lower end of the abutting member 225, causing the connecting member 25 to move upward so that the connecting member 25 is disengaged from the electrode of this battery cell 22. Thus, the battery cell 22 whose temperature exceeds the set value is de-energized, while the battery cell 22 whose temperature does not exceed the set value is not de-energized.

[0044] In this embodiment, when the temperature of the battery cell 22 exceeds the set value, the spacing between its front and rear adjacent cells is expanded to the maximum value and is limited to the point where it cannot be automatically restored. At the same time, the battery cell 22 is de-energized.

[0045] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electric scooter with a battery protection device, characterized in that: Includes a scooter (1), wherein the scooter (1) is equipped with a battery module (2); The battery module (2) includes a housing (21), in which a plurality of battery cells (22) are slidably arranged, and a temperature sensor for detecting its temperature is arranged on the battery cells (22), and a heat dissipation device (23) is arranged between the battery cells (22). The heat dissipation device (23) includes a first heat dissipation element (231) and a second heat dissipation element (232) which are respectively fixedly disposed on the side end faces of adjacent battery cells (22) and cooperate with each other to form a heat dissipation channel. The heat dissipation channel is configured such that the cross-sectional area of ​​the battery cell (22) can expand when the temperature rises and shrink when the temperature drops, so as to increase or decrease the flow of heat dissipation fluid. The distance between the adjacent battery cells (22) expands or shrinks synchronously.

2. The electric scooter with a battery protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first heat sink (231) has a first flow groove, and the second heat sink (232) is equipped with an insert block that is adapted to the first flow groove. The insert block is inserted into the first flow groove, and the end face of the insert block and the bottom surface of the first flow groove are combined to form a heat dissipation channel. The cross-sectional area of ​​the channel is changed by changing the relative distance between the insert block and the first flow groove.

3. The electric scooter with a battery protection device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The heat dissipation device (23) also includes a first pump configured on the feed channel and a second pump configured on the discharge channel. The flow rate of the first pump is controlled to be greater than that of the second pump to change the total number of fluids in the heat dissipation channel, thereby increasing the relative distance between the first heat dissipation component (231) and the second heat dissipation component (232) to increase the cross-sectional area of ​​the heat dissipation channel.

4. The electric scooter with a battery protection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A hook spring (221) is arranged between the adjacent battery cells (22) to control the flow rate of the first pump to be less than the flow rate of the second pump. At the same time, the hook spring (221) is used to allow the fluid in the heat dissipation channel to flow out, thereby reducing the cross-sectional area of ​​the heat dissipation channel.

5. The electric scooter with a battery protection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The battery cell (22) is provided with a gear shift member (222), and the front end of the gear shift member (222) is guided and slidably disposed on the adjacent battery cell (22). The battery cell (22) is also provided with a locking device (24) for locking the gear shift member (222) to lock the adjacent battery cell (22) after adjusting the spacing.

6. The electric scooter with a battery protection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The gear position component (222) has multiple gear slots (2221). The locking component (24) includes a telescopic component (241), an elastic component (242), and a locking tongue component (243). The locking tongue component (243) elastically contacts the gear slot (2221) through the elastic component (242). The telescopic component (241) extends and retracts to control the movement space of the locking tongue component (243), so as to control the gear position component (222) to unlock or lock through the locking tongue component (243).

7. The electric scooter with a battery protection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The scooter (1) is also equipped with a control unit. The control unit controls the extension and retraction of the telescopic component (241) according to the temperature identified by the temperature sensor, and synchronously changes the flow rate of the first pump and the second pump so that the adjacent battery cells (22) can be relatively close or far apart.

8. The electric scooter with a battery protection device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rear end of the upper groove (2221) of the gear position component (222) is also provided with a through groove (2222). After the locking tongue component (243) enters into the channel (2222), it is limited to the left and right and cannot return.

9. The electric scooter with a battery protection device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A connector (25) is inserted into the electrode at the upper end of each battery cell (22), and a top contact (225) is slidably disposed on the battery cell (22) and located below the locking tongue (243) and the upper connector (25); The upper end of the through groove (2222) on the gear part (222) is designed to be open. The upper end of the locking tongue (243) moves upward to the top contact (225) after passing through the through groove (2222), so that the top contact (225) pushes the connector (25) to disconnect from the electrode of the battery cell (22).

10. The electric scooter with a battery protection device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The electric scooter (1) is also equipped with a controller (3). The battery module (2) is electrically connected to the controller (3). After the electrode on the independent battery cell (22) is disconnected from the connector (25), the controller (3) continues to supply power to the vehicle with the remaining battery cell (22) and issues an alarm to the operator through the control unit.

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