spray drift aid

Abstract

A sprayable agricultural chemical formulation comprising an agrochemically active substance and / or nutrients and / or biostimulants, and a method for providing spray deflection control while maintaining stability and reducing incompatibilities in the formulation. The invention also includes methods for treating crops with such formulations. The agrochemical formulation comprises at least one spray deflection reducing agent, said spray deflection reducing agent being polyethylene glycol or polyacrylamide with a molecular weight in the range of 1,000,000 to 5,000,000 Daltons; a compatibilizer selected from ethoxylated polyethyleneimine, ethoxylated alkylamine quaternary ammonium, or fatty amine ethoxylates; at least one inorganic mineral solid; and optionally at least one agrochemically active substance, nutrient, or biostimulant. The formulation is characterized by the presence of a compatibilizer that reduces incompatibility between the high molecular weight spray deflection reducing agent and the inorganic mineral solid used as a rheology modifier in the final-use tank mix.

Description

[0001] This invention relates to sprayable agricultural chemical formulations containing agrochemically active substances and / or nutrients and / or biostimulants, and to methods for providing spray flow control while maintaining stability and reducing incompatibilities in the formulation by using compatibilizers. The invention also includes methods for treating crops with such formulations.

[0002] Many agricultural pesticides, including insecticides, fungicides, herbicides, acaricides, and plant growth regulators, are applied in the form of liquid compositions. In addition to pesticides, such liquid compositions typically contain one or more compounds designed to improve one or more properties of the liquid composition, such as storage stability, ease of handling, and / or pesticide efficacy against the target organism.

[0003] The field of agricultural spray drift has been active for decades, and important findings have been published on the importance of the composition and properties of agricultural spray mixtures to the potential for small droplet formation and the impact of this effect on drift potential.

[0004] There is ongoing interest in developing compounds for controlling the deflection of pesticides in spray application, compounds that exhibit high performance when present in low amounts in the spray composition and are relatively insensitive to the amount of adjuvants in the spray composition. Other benefits suitable for adding value include improvements in limiting or reducing the formation of deflectable fine droplets under selected spraying conditions.

[0005] However, some spray deflection aids may cause incompatibility with certain other components in the formulation. Therefore, there remains a need to develop compositions that exhibit good spray deflection performance while minimizing any incompatibility issues and also possess the desired storage stability.

[0006] This invention seeks to provide the use of compounds in agricultural chemical compositions in combination with one or more agrochemically active substances and / or nutrients, wherein the compounds can provide comparable (i.e., without reducing the spray pattern) or improved properties with respect to spray drift compared to formulations without spray drift reductant or compared to existing spray drift reductant. Specifically, this invention seeks to provide stable formulations.

[0007] The present invention also seeks to provide uses for agricultural chemical concentrates and diluted formulations containing the aforementioned spray deflection reducing agent. Additionally, the present invention seeks to provide a method for reducing spray deflection, and a method for treating plant pests or providing nutrients while maintaining the compatibility of components in both concentrated and diluted forms of the formulation.

[0008] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a sprayable agricultural chemical agent is provided, comprising:

[0009] i) At least one spray deflection reducing agent, which is polyethylene glycol or polyacrylamide with a molecular weight in the range of 1,000,000 to 5,000,000 Daltons.

[0010] ii) A compatibilizer selected from ethoxylated polyethyleneimine, ethoxylated alkyl amine quaternary, or aliphatic amine ethoxylate;

[0011] iii) at least one inorganic mineral solid; and

[0012] iv) Optionally, at least one agrochemically active substance, nutrient or biostimulant.

[0013] According to a second aspect of the invention, a concentrate formulation suitable for preparing the sprayable agrochemical of the first aspect is provided, the concentrate formulation comprising a polyethylene glycol spray deflection reducer with a molecular weight in the range of 1,000,000 to 5,000,000 Daltons, and optionally a compatibilizer selected from ethoxylated polyethyleneimine, ethoxylated alkylamine quaternary ammonium, or fatty amine ethoxylates.

[0014] According to a third aspect of the invention, the use of ethoxylated polyethyleneimine, ethoxylated alkylamine quaternary ammonium or fatty amine ethoxylates as compatibilizers in agricultural chemical formulations is provided, said spray deflection reducing agent being polyethylene glycol or polyacrylamide with a molecular weight in the range of 1,000,000 to 5,000,000 Daltons, said formulation comprising at least one inorganic mineral solid and optionally at least one agricultural chemically active substance, nutrient or biostimulant.

[0015] According to a fourth aspect of the invention, a method for reducing spray deviation is provided by using an agricultural chemical formulation of the first aspect and / or a diluted concentrate formulation of the second aspect.

[0016] According to a fifth aspect of the invention, a method for treating vegetation to control pests and / or provide nutrients is provided, the method comprising applying to the vegetation or the immediate environment of the vegetation an agent of the first or third aspect, and / or a diluted concentrate of the second aspect.

[0017] It has been found that when used in agricultural chemical formulations with spray deflection reducers and inorganic mineral solids, compatibilizers with the above-described structure provide the desired properties. Compatibilizers have been found to significantly reduce incompatibility issues arising from the combination of spray deflection reducers and inorganic mineral solids.

[0018] The present invention is characterized by the presence of a compatibilizer—formulations containing high molecular weight spray deflection reducers (e.g., PEG) often present compatibility issues when used with inorganic mineral solids that are used as rheology modifiers in end-use can mixes.

[0019] As used in this article, the term " For example " for example " Such as "or" include "The purpose is to introduce examples that further illustrate more general topics. Unless otherwise stated, these examples are provided only to help understand the applications shown in this disclosure and are not intended to limit in any way."

[0020] It should be understood that when describing the number of carbon atoms in a substituent (e.g., "..."), C1 to C6 alkyl When describing the number of carbon atoms in a substituent, this number refers to the total number of carbon atoms present in the substituent, including any branched groups. Additionally, when describing the number of carbon atoms in, for example, fatty acids, this refers to the total number of carbon atoms including those in the carboxylic acid and any branched groups.

[0021] As used in this article, the term " "Concentrate" Known in the field of agricultural chemistry, this refers to an agricultural chemical composition designed to be diluted with water (or an aqueous liquid) to form a corresponding end-use agricultural chemical formulation, typically a spray formulation. Therefore, the concentrate is formed and stored in a concentrated form and diluted to the desired concentration before application.

[0022] As used in this article, the term " Deflection "Off-target" refers to the drift of droplets from an agricultural chemical composition applied to a target pest, its environment, or to provide nutrients. Sprayed compositions typically exhibit a tendency to drift less as the relative amount of small-sized spray droplets (i.e., spray droplets with a size below a given value, typically less than 105 micrometers) decreases, usually expressed as a volume percentage of the total sprayed droplet volume. Spray drift of pesticides can have particularly undesirable consequences, such as unintentional contact of phytotoxic pesticides with non-pest plants like crops or ornamental plants, and damage to such non-pest plants.

[0023] As used in this article, the term " Spraying deflection aid "and" Spraying deflection reducer "Refers to compounds that, when added to sprayable agricultural chemical formulations, can provide an observed reduction in spray deviation compared to formulations that do not contain the stated reagent."

[0024] The formulation contains a spray deflection reducing agent, which is a water-soluble polymer capable of controlling and preferably reducing spray deflection. The reducing agent is selected from polyethylene glycol and polyacrylamide.

[0025] Polyethylene glycol (PEG) will be understood to refer to substances with the structure H-(O-CH2CH2). x Polyethylene oxide (PEO) with -OH groups.

[0026] The number average molecular weight of polyethylene glycol (i.e., PEG chain) is preferably in the range of 1,000,000 to 5,000,000 Daltons, more preferably in the range of 2,000,000 to 4,500,000 Daltons, and most preferably in the range of 3,000,000 to 4,000,000 Daltons.

[0027] Polyacrylamide should be understood as referring to substances with the formula (-CH2CHCONH2-). y Polymers that also have a linear chain structure.

[0028] The number average molecular weight of polyacrylamide is preferably in the range of 1,000,000 to 5,000,000 Daltons, more preferably in the range of 2,000,000 to 4,500,000 Daltons, and most preferably in the range of 3,000,000 to 4,000,000 Daltons.

[0029] The agricultural chemical formulation of the present invention contains a compatibilizer selected from ethoxylated polyethyleneimine, ethoxylated alkylamine quaternary ammonium, or fatty amine ethoxylates.

[0030] Compatibilizers can be added to the tank mix (i.e., the diluted form of the final formulation) or they can be built-in (i.e., added to the concentrate). It should be understood that it is preferable for the compatibilizer to be built-in, and thus able to provide stability for both the concentrated and diluted forms of the formulation.

[0031] It should be understood that the compatibilizer will serve to reduce any compatibility problems that could otherwise occur due to undesirable interactions between the sprayed deflection reducer and the present inorganic mineral solids.

[0032] Based on the total weight of the composition, the amount of compatibilizer in the formulation is suitably in the range of 1 to 10% by weight, preferably 1.5 to 8% by weight, more preferably 2 to 7% by weight, particularly 2.2 to 6% by weight, and especially 3 to 5% by weight.

[0033] Based on the total weight of the composition, the amount of compatibilizer in the diluted (spray can) formulation is suitably in the range of 0.01 to 0.10 wt%, preferably 0.015 to 0.08 wt%, more preferably 0.02 to 0.07 wt%, particularly 0.022 to 0.06 wt%, and especially 0.03 to 0.05 wt%.

[0034] Polyethyleneimine (PEI) should be understood as a polymer having repeating units consisting of an amino group and two carboaliphatic CH2CH2 spacer groups. Polyethyleneimine (PEI, especially modified PEI) is a substance composed of ethyleneimine units -CH2CH2NH-, and in the case of branching, the hydrogen on the nitrogen atom is replaced by another ethyleneimine unit chain. These polyethyleneimines can be prepared, for example, by polymerizing ethyleneimine in the presence of catalysts such as carbon dioxide, sodium bisulfite, sulfuric acid, hydrogen peroxide, hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, etc.

[0035] Preferably, the ethoxylated polyethyleneimine polymer is nonionic. This means that, apart from the protonation of nitrogen which may be affected by pH, it does not contain any quaternary nitrogen, nitrogen oxides, or any ionic substances.

[0036] Unlike branched polyethyleneimine, which contains primary, secondary, and tertiary amines, straight-chain polyethyleneimine contains all secondary amines. Branched polyethyleneimine is preferred.

[0037] Preferably, the ethoxylated polyethyleneimine comprises a polyethyleneimine backbone, wherein the modification of the polyethyleneimine backbone is intended to leave a polymer that is not quaternized.

[0038] The ethoxylated polyethyleneimine used herein suitably has a (weight-average) molecular weight of 4,000 to 20,000, preferably 5,000 to 18,000, more preferably 6,000 to 16,000, and particularly 10,000 to 15,000. Most preferably, the ethoxylated polyethyleneimine has a molecular weight of 13,000.

[0039] The (weight-average) molecular weight of the ethoxylated polyethyleneimine described herein can be determined by techniques well known in the art, such as light scattering, size exclusion HPLC or mass spectrometry, preferably by mass spectrometry.

[0040] The degree of ethoxylation of polyethyleneimine, i.e., the number of ethylene oxide units per molecule, is preferably in the range of 10 to 30. More preferably, it is in the range of 12 to 28. Further preferably, it is in the range of 16 to 24. Most preferably, it is in the range of 18 to 22.

[0041] Preferred ethoxylated polyethyleneimines may be selected from ethoxylated (18EO) polyethyleneimine (400), ethoxylated (16EO) polyethyleneimine (500), ethoxylated (18EO) polyethyleneimine (500), ethoxylated (18EO) polyethyleneimine (600), ethoxylated (20EO) polyethyleneimine (600), ethoxylated (20EO) polyethyleneimine (700), ethoxylated (20EO) polyethyleneimine (500), ethoxylated (22EO) polyethyleneimine (600), ethoxylated (22EO) polyethyleneimine (500), ethoxylated (26EO) polyethyleneimine (400), and ethoxylated (24EO) polyethyleneimine (400).

[0042] More preferably, the ethoxylated polyethyleneimine may be selected from ethoxylated (18EO) polyethyleneimine (400), ethoxylated (18EO) polyethyleneimine (500), ethoxylated (18EO) polyethyleneimine (600), ethoxylated (20EO) polyethyleneimine (600), ethoxylated (20EO) polyethyleneimine (700), ethoxylated (20EO) polyethyleneimine (500), and ethoxylated (22EO) polyethyleneimine (600).

[0043] Most preferably, the ethoxylated polyethyleneimine can be selected from ethoxylated (18EO) polyethyleneimine (600), ethoxylated (20EO) polyethyleneimine (600) and ethoxylated (22EO) polyethyleneimine (600).

[0044] Ethoxylated alkyl amine quaternary ammonium compounds may be selected from those that conform to the following structure (I):

[0045]

[0046] in

[0047] R is a C6-C32 aliphatic alkyl chain;

[0048] R' is a C1-C6 alkyl or alkylene group;

[0049] The sum of m and n is in the range of 8 to 40; and

[0050] X is a counter ion that forms salts, which makes the compound water-soluble or water-dispersible.

[0051] The aliphatic alkyl chain R is preferably a C6-C26 aliphatic alkyl chain, more preferably a C8-C20 alkyl chain, and most preferably a C8-C18 alkyl chain. The aliphatic alkyl chain is preferably derived from fatty acids and fatty alcohols.

[0052] Suitable straight-chain fatty alcohols include cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, cocoyl alcohol, tetradecyl alcohol, arachidyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, and tetracosyl alcohol. Suitable branched-chain fatty alcohols include isostearyl alcohol, isotetradecyl alcohol, isocetyl alcohol, isoarachidyl alcohol, isobehenyl alcohol, and isotetracosyl alcohol; neo-alcohols, such as neodecyl alcohol; and / or anti-isoalcohols. Straight-chain fatty alcohols are preferred, especially cocoyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, and / or stearyl alcohol, and particularly cocoyl alcohol.

[0053] Fatty alkyl chains derived from natural fatty acids and fatty alcohols can be particularly preferred, such as butter, coconut oil, and stearyl chains.

[0054] The quaternary ammonium group will have a corresponding counter anion X, which is typically a residue of the quaternizing agent. Common such ions include halide ions, particularly chloride ions, such as those derived from alkyl (usually methyl) halide (usually chloride) quaternizing agents; sulfate or alkyl (usually methyl) sulfate ions, such as those derived from alkyl (usually methyl) sulfate quaternizing agents. In betaine derivatives, the counter ion is provided by the acidic group of betaine (usually a carboxyl group).

[0055] A particularly preferred film-forming aliphatic quaternary ammonium compound may be a compound in which R' is preferably a C1-C3 alkyl compound, and more preferably a compound selected from methyl or ethyl compounds.

[0056] The values ​​of m and n represent the number of alkoxylation units on the corresponding chain. Therefore, the values ​​of m and n will be integers and can be independently different or the same, preferably the same. The sum of m and n is preferably in the range of 8 to 30, more preferably in the range of 10 to 26, and most preferably in the range of 12 to 18. Preferably, the total value of m and n is 15.

[0057] Preferred ethoxylated alkylamine quaternary ammonium compounds may be selected from: cocoyl alkyl bis(hydroxyethyl) methyl ethoxylated (15EO) chloride, cocoyl alkyl bis(hydroxyethyl) ethyl ethoxylated (15EO) chloride, cocoyl alkyl bis(hydroxyethyl) methyl ethoxylated (20EO) chloride, cocoyl alkyl bis(hydroxyethyl) methyl ethoxylated (10EO) chloride, and cocoyl alkyl bis(hydroxyethyl) ethyl ethoxylated (10EO) chloride, stearyl alkyl bis(hydroxyethyl) methyl ethoxylated (15EO) chloride, stearyl alkyl bis(hydroxyethyl) ethyl ethoxylated (15EO) chloride, stearyl alkyl bis(hydroxyethyl) methyl ethoxylated (20EO) chloride, stearyl alkyl bis(hydroxyethyl) methyl ethoxylated (10EO) chloride, and stearyl alkyl bis(hydroxyethyl) ethyl ethoxylated (10EO) chloride.

[0058] More preferably, the ethoxylated alkylamine quaternary ammonium compound may be selected from cocoyl alkyl bis(hydroxyethyl) methyl ethoxylated (15EO) chloride, stearyl alkyl bis(hydroxyethyl) methyl ethoxylated (15EO) chloride, stearyl alkyl bis(hydroxyethyl) ethyl ethoxylated (15EO) chloride, and cocoyl alkyl bis(hydroxyethyl) ethyl ethoxylated (15EO) chloride.

[0059] Most preferably, the ethoxylated alkylamine quaternary ammonium compound may be selected from stearyl alkyl bis(hydroxyethyl) methyl ethoxylated (15EO) chloride and cocoyl alkyl bis(hydroxyethyl) methyl ethoxylated (15EO) chloride.

[0060] Aliphatic amine ethoxylates can also be used as compatibilizers, and can be selected from those that conform to structure (II) below:

[0061]

[0062] in:

[0063] R is as defined in this article;

[0064] The sum of m and n is in the range of 3 to 20.

[0065] The sum of m and n is preferably in the range of 4 to 18, more preferably in the range of 4 to 16, and most preferably in the range of 5 to 15.

[0066] In embodiments where the compatibilizer is a fatty amine ethoxylate, it can be found that the amount of compatibilizer in the formulation is suitably in the range of 5 to 20% by weight, preferably 5 to 15% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.

[0067] Compatibilizers can be prepared by any known method and are entirely within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.

[0068] In one embodiment, the suspending agent component of the composition of the present invention may further comprise an inorganic colloidal clay, typically an aluminosilicate or magnesium silicate, typically montmorillonite clay, palygorskite clay, or a mixture thereof. Preferably, the inorganic mineral solid is magnesium aluminum silicate.

[0069] When using clay materials, they can be described as expandable layered clays, wherein the term "expandable" as used herein refers to such clays. ” This relates to the ability of layered clay structures to swell or expand when in contact with water.

[0070] Formulations / compositions may contain one or more bioactive ingredients (including plant enhancers, particularly plant protection products (also known as PPPs)). Suitable examples of active ingredients, particularly plant enhancers, are fungicides, bactericides, insecticides, nematicides, molluscicides, biological agents, acaricides or miticides, pesticides, and biocides.

[0071] Other possible active ingredients include disinfectants, microorganisms, rodenticides, herbicides, attractants, bird repellents, plant growth regulators (such as gibberellic acid, auxins, or cytokinins), nutrients (such as potassium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, iron chelates), plant hormones, minerals, plant extracts, germination stimulants, pheromones, and biological agents.

[0072] Suitable agrochemically active substances used in the formulations of this invention are all agrochemically active compounds that are solid or liquid at room temperature. The adjuvants of this invention are expected to have broad applicability to all types of agrochemically active substances.

[0073] Agricultural chemically active substances refer to biocides, which in the context of this invention are plant protectants, and more specifically, chemical substances capable of eliminating various forms of living organisms, used in fields such as medicine, agriculture, forestry, and mosquito control. So-called plant growth regulators also fall under the category of biocides.

[0074] Biocides used in the agrochemical formulations of this invention are generally divided into two subgroups:

[0075] Pesticides, including fungicides, herbicides, insecticides, algaecides, molluscicides, acaricides, and rodenticides, as well as

[0076] Antimicrobial agents include bactericides, antibiotics, antimicrobial agents (antibacterial agents), antiviral agents, antifungal agents, antiprotozoal agents, and antiparasitic agents.

[0077] In particular, choosing a biocidal agent that is an insecticide, fungicide, or herbicide may be a particularly preferred option.

[0078] the term" pesticide"This should be understood as referring to any substance or mixture of substances used to prevent, eliminate, repel, or mitigate any disease. Pesticides can be chemical or biological agents (e.g., viruses or bacteria) used to combat diseases, including insects, plant pathogens, weeds, mollusks, birds, mammals, fish, nematodes (roundworms), and microorganisms that compete with humans for food, damage property, spread disease, or cause nuisance. In the following examples, pesticides suitable for agrochemical compositions according to the invention are provided."

[0079] Fungicides are chemical agents used to control fungi. They are compounds used to prevent the spread of fungi in yards and crops. Fungicides are also used to combat fungal infections. Fungicides can be contact or systemic. Contact fungicides kill fungi when they come into contact with the fungicide retained on the leaf surface. Systemic fungicides are absorbed into plant tissues and kill fungi as they attempt to invade the host.

[0080] According to the present invention, suitable examples of fungicides include the following: (3-ethoxypropyl)mercury bromide, 2-methoxyethylmercury chloride, 2-phenylphenol, 8-hydroxyquinoline sulfate, 8-phenylmercurioxyquinoline, acibenzolar, acyl amino acid fungicides, acypetacs, aldimorph, aliphatic nitrogen fungicides, allyl alcohol, amide fungicides, ampropylfos, anilazine, amide fungicides, antibiotic fungicides, aromatic fungicides, aureofungin, azaconazole, azithiram, azoxystrobin, and barium polysulfide. Polysulphide, benalaxyl-M, benodanil, benomyl, bequinox, bentaluron, benthiavalicarb, benzalkonium chloride, benzamacril, benzamide fungicides, benzamorf, benzoylaniline fungicides, benzimidazole fungicides, benzimidazole precursor fungicides, benzimidazole carbamate fungicides, benzohydroxamic acid, benzothiazole fungicides fungicides, bethoxazin, binapacryl, biphenyl, bitertanol, bithionol, blasticidin-S, Bordeaux mixture, boscalid, bridging diphenyl fungicides, bromuconazole, bupirimate, burgundy mixture, buthiobate, butylamine, calcium polysulfide, captafol, captan, carbamorph, carbanilate fungicides, carbendazim, carboxin, carpropamid, carvone, Cheshunt mixture.Chinomethionat, chlobenthiazone, chloraniformethan, chloranil, chlorfenazole, chlorodinitronaphthalene, chloroneb, chloropicrin, chlorothalonil, chlorquinox, chlozolinate, ciclopirox, climbazole, clotrimazole, conazole fungicides, conazole fungicides (imidazolium), conazole fungicides (triazole), copper acetate (II), copper carbonate (II), alkaline copper fungicides, copper hydroxide, copper naphthenate, copper oleate, copper oxychloride, copper sulfate (II), copper sulfate, alkaline copper zinc chromate. Chromate, Cresol, Cufraneb, Cuprobam, Cuprous oxide, Cyazofamid, Cycloafuramid, Cycloheximide, Cyflufenamid, Cymoxanil, Cypendazole, Cyproconazole, Cyprodinil, Dazomet, DBCP, Debacarb, Decafentin, Dehydroacetic acid (acid), dicarboximide fungicides, dichlofluanid, dichloronaphthoquinone, dichlorophen, dichlorophenyl, dicarboximide fungicides, dichlozoline, diclobutrazol, diclolocymet, diclomezine, dicloran, diethofencarb, diethylpyrocarbonate, difenoconazole, diflumetorim, dimethirimol,Dimethomorph, dimoxystrobin, diniconazole, dinitrophenol fungicides, dinobuton, dinocap, diocton, dinopenton, diosulphon, dinoterbon, diphenylamine, dipyrithione, disulphiram, ditalimfos, dithianon, dithiocarbamate fungicides, dinitrophenol (D... NOC), dodemorph, dodicin, dodine, donatodine, drazoxolon, edifenphos, epoxiconazole, etaconazole, etem, ethaboxam, ethirimol, ethoxyquin, ethylmercury 2,3-dihydroxypropyl mercaptide, ethylmercury acetate, ethylmercury bromide, ethylmercury chloride, ethylmercury phosphate Phosphate), etridiazole, famoxadone, fenamidone, fenaminosulph, fenapanil, fenarimol, fenbuconazole, fenfuram, fenhexamid, finitropan, fenoxanil, fenpiclonil, fenpropidin, fenpropimorph, fentin, ferbam, ferimzone, fluazinam, fludioxonil, flumetover, fluopicolideFluoroimide, fluotrimazole, fluoxastrobin, fluquinconazole, flusilazole, flusulphamide, flutolanil, flutriafol, folpet, formaldehyde, fosetyl, fuberidazole, furalaxyl, furamepyr, furamide fungicides, furanilide fungicides), furcarbanil, furconazole, furconazole-cis, furfural, furmecyclox, furophanate, glyodin, griseofulvin, guazatine, halacrinate, hexachlorobenzene, hexachlorobutadiene, hexachlorophene, hexaconazole, cyclophosphamide ylthiofos, hydrargaphen, hymexazol, imazalil, imibenconazole, imidazole fungicides, iminoctadine, inorganic fungicides, inorganic mercury fungicides, iodomethane, ipconazole, iprobenfos, iprodione, iprovalicarb, isoprothiolane, isovaledione, kasugamycin, kresoxim-methyl, lime sulfur. Sulfur, mancozeb, mancozeb, mebenil, mecarbinzid, mepanipyrim, mepronil, mercuric chlorideMercuric oxide, mercurous chloride, mercury fungicide, metalaxyl, metalaxyl-M, metazoxolon, metconazole, methasulphocarb, methfuroxam, methyl bromide, methyl isothiocyanate, methylmercury benzoate, methylmercurydicyandiamide, methylmercury Pentachlorophenoxide, Metiram, Metominostrobin, Metrafenone, Metsulphovax, Milneb, Morpholine fungicides, Myclobutanil, Myclozolin, N-(Ethylmercury)-p-toluenesulfonylaniline, Nabam, Natamycin, Nitrostyrene, Nitrothal-isopropyl, Nuarimol, OCH, Octilinone, Ofurace, Organomercury fungicides, Organophosphorus fungicides, Organotin fungicides, Orysastrobin, Oxadixyl, Oxathiin Oxyzazole fungicides, including quinoline copper, oxpoconazole, oxycarboxin, pefurazoate, penconazole, pencycuron, pentachlorophenol, penthiophanate-methyl, phenylmercuriurea, phenylmercury acetate, phenylmercury chloride, phenylmercury derivative of pyrocatechol, and phenylmercurynitrate.Phenylmercury salicylate, phenylsulphamide fungicides, phosdiphen, tetrachlorophthalide, phthalimide fungicides, picoxystrobin, piperalin, polycarbamate, polymeric dithiocarbamate fungicides, polyoxins, polyoxorim, polysulfide fungicides, potassium azide, potassium polysulfide, potassium thiocyanate. Thiocyanate, probenazole, prochloraz, procymidone, propamocarb, propiconazole, propineb, proquinazid, prothiocarb, prothioconazole, pyracarbolid, pyraclostrobin, pyrazole fungicides, pyrazophos, pyridine fungicides, pyridinitril, pyrifen ox), pyrimethanil, pyrimidine fungicides, pyroquilon, pyroxychlor, pyroxyfiir, pyrrole fungicides, quinacetol, quinazamid, quinconazole, quinoline fungicides, quinoline fungicides, quinoxaline fungicides, quinoxyfen, quintozene, rabenzazole, salicylanilide, silthiofam, simeconazole, sodium azide, sodium o-phenylphenol. Orthophenylphenoxide, sodium pentachlorophenoxide, sodium polysulfide, spiroxamine, streptomycin, strobilurin fungicides,Sulfonanilide fungicides, sulfur, sulfadiazine, TCMTB, tebuconazole, tecloftalam, tetrachloronitrobenzene, tecoram, tetraconazole, thiabendazole, thiadifluor, thiazole fungicides, thifluzamide, thiocarbamate fungicides, thiochlor Fenphim, thiomersal, thiophanate, thiophanate-methyl, thiophene fungicides, thioquinox, thiram, tiadinil, tioxymid, tivedo, tolclofos-methyl, tolnaftate, tolylfluanid, tolylmercury Acetate), Triadimefon, Triadimenol, Triamiphos, Triarimol, Triazbutil, Triazine fungicides, Triazole fungicides, Triazoxide, Tributyltin oxide, Trihlamide, Tricyclazole, Trifloxystrobin, Triflumizole, Triforine, Triticonazole, Unclassified fungicides, Undecenoic acid, Uniconazole, Urea fungicides, Validamycin, Valinamide fungicides, Vinclozolin, Zarilamid, Zinc naphthenate Naphthenate, zineb, ziram, zoxamide, and mixtures thereof.

[0081] Herbicides are pesticides used to kill unwanted plants. Selective herbicides kill specific targets while leaving desired crops relatively unharmed. Some of these work by interfering with weed growth and are often based on plant hormones. Herbicides used for clearing wasteland are non-selective and kill all plant material they come into contact with. Herbicides are widely used in agriculture and landscape lawn management. They are used in Total Vegetation Control (TVC) programs for highway and railway maintenance. Smaller amounts are used in forestry, pasture systems, and the management of areas designated as wildlife habitats.

[0082] Examples of herbicides that can be used in this disclosure include, but are not limited to: chlorophenoxyacetic acid (4-CPA), 4-CPB, 4-CPP, 2,4-D, 3,4-DA, 2,4-D-butyric acid (2,4-DB), 3,4-DB, 2,4-DEB, 2,4-DEP, 3,4-DP, 2,3,6-TBA, 2,4,5-T, 2,4,5-TB, acetochlor, acifluorfen, aclofen, acrolein, alachlor, allidochlor, alloxydim, and allyl alcohol. alcohol), alarac, ametridone, ametryn, amibuzin, amicarazone, amidosulfuron, aminocyclopyrachlor, aminopyralid, amiprofos-methyl, amitrol, ammonium sulfonate Sulfamate, Anilofos, Anisuron, Asulam, Atraton, Atrazine, Azafenidin, Azimsulfuron, Aziprotryne, Barban, BCPC, Beflubutamid, Benazolin, Bencarbazone, Benfluralin, Benfuresate, Bensulfuron, Bensulide, Mefenoxam Betazone, benzadox, benzfendizone, benzzipram, benzobicyclon, benzofenap, benzofiuor, benzoylprop, benzthiazuron, bicyclopyrone, bifenox, bilanafos, bispyribac, borax, bromacil, bromobonil, bromobutideBromofenoxim, bromoxynil, brompyrazon, butachlor, butafenacil, butamifos, butenachlor, buthidazole, buthiuron, butralin, butroxydim, buturon, butylate, cacodylic acid, cafenstrole, calcium chlorate, calcium cyanamide cyanamide), cambendichlor, carbasulam, carbetamide, carboxazolechiorprocarb, carfentrazone, CDEA, CEPC, chlomethoxyfen, chloramben, chloranocryl, chlorazifop, chlorazine, chlorbromuron, chlorbufam, chloreturon, chlorfenac, chlorfenprop, chlorflurazole, chlorflurenol, chloridazon, chlorpyrifos Imuron, chlornitrofen, chloropon, chlorotoluron, chloroxuron, chloroxynil, chlorpropham, chlorsulfuron, chlorthal, cinidon-ethyl, cinmethylin, cinosulfuron, cisanilide, clethodim, cliodinate, clodinafop, clofop, clonazepam, clonprop, cloprop, cloproxydim, clopyralidCloransulam, CMA, copper sulfate, CPMF, CPPC, credazine, cresol, cumyluron, cyanatryn, cyanazine, cycloate, cyclosulfamuron, cycloxydim, cycluron, cyhalofop, cyperquat, cyprazine, cyprazole, cyprom id), daimuron, dalapon, dazomet, delachlor, desmedipham, desmetryn, diallate, dicamba, dichlobenil, dichloralurea, dichlorvos, dichlorprop, dichlorprop-p, diclofop, diclosulam, diethylcarbamide thamquat), diethatyl, difenopenten, difenoxuron, difenzoquat, diflufenican, diflufenzopyr, dimefuron, dimepiperate, dimethachlor, dimethametryn, dimethenamid, dimethenamid-P, dimexano, dimi Dazon, dinitramine, dinofenate, dinoprop, dinosam, dinoseb, dinoterb, diphenamid, dipropetryn, diquat, disul, dithiopyr, diuron, DMPA, DNOC, DSMA, EBEP, eglinazine, epronaz, EPTC, erbonEsprocarb, ethalfluralin, ethametsulfuron, ethidimuron, ethiolate, ethofumesate, ethoxyfen, ethoxysulfuron, etinofen, etnipromid, etobenzanid, EXD, fenasulam, fenoprop, fenoxaprop, fenoxaprop fenoxaprop-p), fenoxasulfone, fenteracol, fenthiaprop, fentrazamide, fenuron, ferrous sulfate, flamprop, flamprop-M, flazasulfuron, florasulam, fluazifop, fluazifop-p, fluazolate, flucarb azone), flucetosulfuron, fluchloralin, flufenacet, flufenican, flufenpyr, flumetsulam, flumezin, flumiclorac, flumioxazin, flumipropyn, fluometuron, fluorodifen, fluoroglycofen, fluorom idine), fluoronitrofen, fluothiuron, flupoxam, flupropacil, flupropanate, flupyrsulfuron, fluridone, fluorochloridone, fluoroxypyr, flurtamone, fluthiacet, fomesafen, foramsulfuron, fosamine.Furyloxyfen, glufosinate, glufosinate-P, glyphosate, halosafen, halosulfuron, haloxydine, haloxyfop, haloxyfop-P, hexachloroacetone, hexaflurate, hexazinone, imazamethabenz, imazamox. Imidazolidinyl nicotinic acid (imazapic), imazapyr, imazaquin, imazethapyr, imazosulfuron, indanofan, indazifiam, iodobonil, iodomethane, iodosulfuron, ioxynil, ipazine, ipfencarbazone, iprymidam, isocarbamid, isoclin. ), isomethiozin, isopolinate, isopropalin, isoproturon, isouron, isoxaben, isoxachlortole, isoxaflutole, isoxapyrifop, karbutilate, ketospiradox, lactofen, linuron, MAA, MAMA 2,4-D (MCPA), 2,4-D thioethyl (MCPA-thioethyl), 2,4-D butyric acid (MCPB), 2,4-D propionic acid (mecoprop), mecoprop-P, medinoterb, mefenacet, mefluidide, mesoprazine, mesosulfuron, mesotrione, metam, metamifop, metamitron, metazachlorMetazosulfuron, metflurazon, methabenzthiazuron, metalpropalin, methazole, methiobencarb, methiozolin, metiuron, metometon, metoprotryne, methyl bromide, methyl isothiocyanate, methyldymron, metobenzuron, metobromuron, metolachlor, metosulam, metoxuron, metribuzin, metsulfuron, molinate, monalide, mosouron, monochloroacetic acid acid), monolinuron, monouron, morfamquat, sodium methyl arsenate (MSMA), naproanilide, napropamide, naptalam, neburon, nicosulfuron, nipyraclofen, nitralin, nitrofen, nitrofluorfen, norflurazon, noruron, O CH, orbencarb, orthodichlorobenzene, orthosulfamuron, oryzalin, oxadiargyl, oxadiazon, oxapyrazon, oxasulfuron, oxaziclomefone, oxyfluorfen, parafluoron, paraquat, pebulate, pelargonic acid, pendimethalin, penoxsulam, pentachlorophenol, pentanochlor,Pentoxazone, perfluidone, pethoxamid, phenisopham, phenmedipham, phenmedipham-ethyl, phenobenzuron, phenylmercury acetate, picloram, picolinafen, pinoxaden, piperophos, potassium arsenite, potassium azide, potassium cyanide cyanate), pretilachlor, primisulfuron, procyazine, prodiamine, profluazol, profluralin, profoxydim, proglinazine, prometon, prometryn, propachlor, propanil, propaquizafop, propazine, propham, propisochlor, propoxycarbazone, propyrisulfuron, propyzamide, prosulfal (in), prosulfocarb, prosulfuron, proxan, prynachlor, pydanon, pyraclonil, piraflufen, pirasulfotole, pyrazolynate, pirasulfuron, pyrazoxyfen, pyribenzoxim, pyributicarb, pyriclor, pyridafol, pyridate, pyriftalid, pyriminobac, pyrimisulfan, pyrithiobac, pyroxasulfone, pyroxsulamQuinclorac, quinmerac, quinoclamine, quinonamid, quizalofop, quizalofop-p, rhodethanil, rimsulfuron, saflufenacil, S-metolachlor, sebuthylazine, secbumeton, sethoxydim, siduron, simazine mazine), simeton, simetryn, sodium chloroacetate (SMA), sodium arsenite, sodium azide, sodium chlorate, sulcotrione, sulfallate, sulfentrazone, sulfometuron, sulfosulfuron, sulfuric acid, sulglycapin, swep, trichloroacetic acid (TCA), tebutam, tebuthiuron, tefuryltrione, tembotrion e), tepraloxydim, terbacil, terbucarb, terbuchlor, terbumeton, terbuthylazine, terbutryn, tetrafluoron, thenylchlor, thiazafluoron, thiazopyr, thidiazimin, thidiazuron, thiencarbazone-methyl, thifenesulfonamide nsulfuron, thiobencarb, tiocarbazil, tioclorim, toramezone, tralkoxydim, triallate, triasulfuron, triaziflam, tribensulfuron, tricamba, trilopyr, tridiphane, trietazine, trifloxysulfuronTrifluralin, triflusulfuron, trifop, trifopsime, trihydroxytriazine, trimeturon, tripropindan, tritac, tritosulfuron, vemolate, xylachlor, and mixtures thereof. Safeguards are active ingredients applied with herbicides to protect crops from their harmful effects. Some of the safeners that can be used in this disclosure include, but are not limited to: benoxacor, benthiocarb, brassinolide, cloquintocet (mexyl), cyometrinil, daimuron, dichlormid, dicyclonon, dimepiperate, disulfoton, fenchlorazole-ethyl, fenclorim, flurazole, fluxofenim, furilazole, isoxadifen-ethyl, mefenpyr-diethyl, MG 191, MON 4660, and naphthalic anhydride. (NA), oxabetrinil, R29148, N-benzenesulfonylbenzamide and mixtures thereof.

[0083] Suitable herbicides can be selected from: aryloxycarboxylic acids such as MCPA, aryloxyphenoxypropionates / esters such as clodinafop, cyclohexanedione oximes such as sethoxydim, hydroxybenzonitrs such as bromoxynil, hydroxybenzonitrs such as nicosulfuron, triazolopyrimidines such as penoxsulam, triketones such as mesotriones, and triazine herbicides such as metribuz. (in), hexaxinone, or atrazine; sulfonylurea herbicides such as chlorsulfuron; uracil, bromacil, or terbacil; urea herbicides such as linuron, diuron, siduron, or neburon; acetanilide herbicides such as alachlor, or metolachlor; thiouracil Ester herbicides such as benthiocarb and triallate; oxadiazon herbicides such as oxadiazon; isoxazolidinone herbicides, phenoxyacetic acid herbicides; diphenyl ether herbicides such as fluazifop, acifluorfen, bifenox, or oxyfluorfen; dinitroaniline herbicides such as trifluralin; organophosphonate / ester herbicides such as glufosinate. Phosphonic acid salts and esters, and glyphosate salts and esters; and / or dihalobenzonitrile herbicides such as bromoxynil or ioxynil, benzoic acid herbicides, bipyridonium herbicides such as paraquat; and other herbicides such as clonazepam, carfentrazone, saflufenacil, and pyroxasulphone.

[0084] Pesticides are agricultural pesticides used to combat insects at all developmental stages, including ovicides and larvicides used to control insect eggs and larvae. Pesticides are used in agriculture, medicine, industry, and household applications.

[0085] Examples of insecticides that can be used in this disclosure include, but are not limited to: 1,2-dichloropropane, abamectin, acephate, acetamiprid, acethion, acetoprole, acrinathrin, acrylonitrile, alanycarb, aldicarb, aldoxycarb, aldrin, allethrin, allosamidin, allyxycarb, alpha-cypermethrin, alpha-ecdysone, alpha-endosulfan, amidition, aminocarb, amiton, and amidon oxalate. oxalate, amitraz, anabasine, athidathion, azadirachtin, azamethiphos, azinphos-ethyl, azinphos-methyl, azothoate, barium hexafluorosilicate, barthrin, bendiocarb, benfuracarb, bensultap, beta-cyfluthrin, beta-cypermethrin Bifenthrin, bioallethrin, bioethanomethrin, biopermethrin, bistrifluoron, borax, boric acid, bromfenvinfos, bromo-DDT, bromophos, bromophos-ethyl, bufencarb, buprofezin, butacarb, butathiofos, butocarboxim, butonateButoxycarboxim, Cadusafos, Calcium Arsenate, Calcium Polysulfide, Camphechlor, Carbanolate, Carbaryl, Carbofuran, Carbon Disulfide, Carbon Tetrachloride, Carbophenothion, Carbosulfan, Cartap, Cartap Hydrochloride, Chlorantraniliprole, Chlorbicycline, Chlordane, Chlordecone, Chlordimeform, Chlordimeform Hydrochloride Hydrochloride, chlorethoxyfos, chlorfenapyr, chlorfenvinphos, chlorfluazuron, chlormephos, chloroform, chloropicrin, chlorphoxim, chlorprazophos, chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos-methyl, chlorthiophos, chiOmafenozide, cinerin I, cinerin II, cinerins, cismethrin, cloethocarb, closantel, clothianidin, copper acetoarsenite, copper arsenate, copper naphthenate, copper oleate oleate), coumaphos, coumithoate, crotamiton, crotoxyphos, crufomate, cryolite, cyanofenphosCyanophos, cyanthoate, cyantraniliprole, cyclethrin, cycloprothrin, cyfluthrin, cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, cyphenothrin, cyromazine, cythioate, DDT, decarbofuran, deltamethrin, demeton-methyl Phion, Demephion-O, Demephion-S, Demeton, Demeton-methyl, Demeton-O, Demeton-O-methyl, Demeton-S, Demeton-S-methyl, Demeton-S-methylsulphon, Diafenthiuron, Dialifos, Diatomaceous earth, diazinon, dicapthon, dichlofenthion, dichlorvos, dicresyl, dicrotophos, dicyclanil, dieldrin, diflubenzuron, dilor, dimefluthrin, dimefox, dimetan, dimethoate, dimethrin Dimethylvinphos, dimetilan, dinex, dinex-diclexine, dinoprop, dinosam, dinotefuran, diofenolan, dioxabenzofos, dioxacarb, dioxathion, disulfoton, dithicrofos, d-limonene, DNOCDNOC-ammonium, DNOC-potassium, DNOC-sodium, doramectin, ecdysterone, emamectin, emamectin benzoate benzoate), EMPC, empenfhrin, endosulfan, endothion, endrin, EPN, epofenonane, eprinomectin, esdepallethrine, esfenvalerate, etaphos, ethiofencarb, ethion, ethiprole, ethoate-methyl, ethoprophos, ethylformate, ethyl-DDD, ethylene dibromide, ethylene dichloride, ethylene oxide oxide), etofenprox, etrimfos, EXD, famphur, fenamiphos, fenazaflor, fenchlorphos, fenethacarb, fenfluthrin, fenitrothion, fenobucarb, fenoxacrim, fenoxycarb, fenpirithrin, fenpropathrin, benzene Fensulfothion, fenthion, fenthion-ethyl, fenvalerate, fipronil, flonicamid, flubendiamide, flucofuron, flucycloxuron, flucythrinate, flufenerim, flufenoxuron, flufenprox, fluvalinateFonofos, formetanate, and formetanate hydrochloride hydrochloride, formothion, formopananate, formopananate hydrochloride, fosmethilan, fospirate, fosthietan, fufenozide, furathiocarb, furthrin, gamma-cyhalothrin, gamma-HCH, halfenprox, halofenozide, HCH, HEOD, heptachlor, heptenophos, heterophos, hexaflumuron, HHDN, hydramethylnon, hydrogen cyanide gencyanide, hydroprene, hyquincarb, imidacloprid, imiprothrin, indoxacarb, iodomethane, IPSP, isazofos, isobenzan, isocarbophos, isodrin, isofenphos, isofenphosmethyl, isoprocarb, isoprethiolane, isothioate, isoxathion, ivermectin, jasmolin I, jasmolin II, jodfenphos, juvenile hormone I Juvenile hormone II, juvenile hormone III, kelevan, kinoprene, lambda-cyhalothrin, lead arsenate, lepimectin, leptophos, lindaneLirimfos, Lufenuron, Lythidathion, Malathion, Malonoben, Mazidox, Mecarbam, Mecarphon, Menazon, Meperfluthrin, Mephosfolan, Mercurous chloride, Mesulfenfos, Metaflumizone, Methacrifos, Methamidophos, Methidathion, Methiocarb, Methocorophos, Methomyl, Methothrin, Methoxychlor, Methoxyfenozide, Methyl bromide, Methyl isothiocyanate isothiocyanate, methylchloroform, methylene chloride, metofluthrin, metolcarb, metoxadiazone, mevinphos, mexacarbate, milbemectin, milbemycinoxime, mipafox, molosultap, monocorotophos, monohypo, monosultap, morphothion Moxicillin, naftalofos, naled, naphthalene, nicotine, nifluridide, nitenpyram, nithiazine, nitrilacarb, novaluron, noviflumuron, omethoate, oxamyl, oxydemeton-methyl, oxydeprofosOxydisulfoton, para-dichlorobenzene, parathion, parathion-methyl, penfluoron, pentachlorophenol, permethrin, phenkapton, phenothrin, phenthoate, phorate, phosalone, phosfolan, phosmet, phosnichlor, phosphamidon, phosphine, phoxim, phoxim-methyl, pirimetaphos, pirimicarb, pirimiphos-ethyl, pirimiphos-methyl, potassium arsenite Arsenite, potassium thiocyanate, pp'-DDT, prallethrin, precocene I, precocene II, precocene III III), primidophos, profenofos, profluralin, profluthrin, promacyl, promecarb, propaphos, propetamphos, propoxur, prothidathion, prothiofos, prothoate, protrifenbute, pymetrozine, pyraclofos, pyrafluprole, pyrazophos, pyresmethrin, pyrethrin I, pyrethrin II, pyrethrins, pyridaben, pyridalyl, pyridaphenthion, pyrifluquinazonPyrimidifen, pyrimitate, pyriprole, pyriproxyfen, quassia, quinalphos, quinalphos-methyl, quinothion, rafoxanide, resmethrin, rotenone, ryania, sabadilla, schradan, selamectin, silafluofen, silica gel, sodium arsenite, sodium fluoride, sodium hexafluorosilicate, sodium thiocyanate thiocyanate, sophamide, spintoxamethonium, spiromesifen, spirotetramat, sulcofuron, sulcofuron-sodium, sulfluramid, sulfotep, sulfoxaflor, sulfurylfluoride, sulprofos, tau-fluvalinate, tazimcarb, TDE, tebufenozide, tebufenpyrad, tebupirim Fos), teflubenzuron, tefluthrin, temephos, TEPP, terallethrin, terbufos, tetrachloroethane, tetrachlorvinphos, tetramethrin, tetramethylfluthrin, theta-cypei-methiin, thiacloprid, thiamethoxam, thicrofos, thiocarboxime, thiocyclamThiocyram axalate, thiodicarb, thiofanox, thiometon, thiosultap, thiosultap-disodium, thiosultap-monosodium, thuringiensin, tolfenpyrad, tralomethrin, transfluthrin, transpermethrin, triarathene, triaminobenzoic acid Triazamate, triazophos, trichlorfon, trichlormetaphos-3, trichloronat, trifenofos, triflumuron, trimethacarb, triprene, vamidothion, vaniliprole, XMC, xylylcarb, zeta-cypermethrin, zolaprofos, and mixtures thereof.

[0086] Acaricides are insecticides that kill mites. Antibiotic acaricides, carbamate acaricides, formazan acaricides, mite growth regulators, organochlorine acaricides, permethrin, and organophosphate acaricides all belong to this category. Molluscicides are insecticides used to control mollusks (such as slugs and snails). These substances include metaldehyde, methyl thiocarb, and aluminum sulfate. Nematicides are chemical pesticides used to kill parasitic nematodes (helminths).

[0087] Biological products may also be used, which will be understood as products derived from living organisms such as bacteria or fungi.

[0088] The formulation may contain at least one nutrient. A nutrient is a chemical element or compound required or necessary to promote or improve plant growth. Nutrients are generally described as macronutrients or micronutrients. The nutrients suitable for the concentrates of this invention are micronutrient compounds, preferably those that are solid or partially soluble at room temperature.

[0089] In addition to agricultural chemically active substances or their substitutes, nutrients may also be present. In such formulations / compositions, nutrients are typically in dry form.

[0090] The nutrients are preferably solid nutrients. In this invention, solid nutrients are understood to refer to substances with a melting point above 20°C (under standard pressure). Solid nutrients will also include insoluble nutrient components, i.e., nutrient components whose solubility in water results in a significant solid content in the concentrate after addition.

[0091] Micronutrients typically refer to trace metals or elements and are usually administered in low doses. Suitable micronutrients include trace elements selected from zinc, boron, chlorine, copper, iron, molybdenum, and manganese. This invention is expected to be widely applicable to all types of micronutrients.

[0092] Micronutrients can be in soluble form or contained as insoluble solids, and can be in the form of salts or chelates. Preferably, micronutrients are in the form of carbonates or oxides.

[0093] Preferably, the micronutrient may be selected from zinc, calcium, molybdenum or manganese, or magnesium. Particularly preferred micronutrients used in this invention may be selected from zinc oxide, manganese carbonate, manganese oxide, or calcium carbonate.

[0094] If present, the amount of micronutrients in the concentrate can typically range from 5% to 40% by weight, more commonly from 10% to 35% by weight, and especially from 15% to 30% by weight, based on the total weight of the concentrate.

[0095] Typically, when mixed into formulations during preparation, solid agricultural chemicals have an average particle size of 50 μm to 100 μm, but formulations are usually wet-milled after mixing to reduce the average particle size to 1 μm to 10 μm, more preferably 1 μm to 5 μm.

[0096] The formulations of the present invention may also contain at least one macronutrient. Macronutrients generally refer to those containing nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, and include fertilizers and water conditioners such as ammonium sulfate. Suitable macronutrients include fertilizers and other compounds containing nitrogen, phosphorus, or sulfur, as well as water conditioners.

[0097] Suitable fertilizers include inorganic fertilizers that provide nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, or sulfur. Examples of such fertilizers include:

[0098] For nitrogen as a nutrient: nitrates and / or ammonium salts such as ammonium nitrate, including ammonium nitrate, calcium ammonium nitrate, ammonium nitrate sulfate, ammonium phosphate, especially monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate and polyphosphate, ammonium sulfate, and less commonly used calcium nitrate, sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate and ammonium chloride.

[0099] For phosphorus as a nutrient: phosphorus in acidic forms, such as phosphoric acid, pyrophosphate, or polyphosphate, but more often in salt forms, such as ammonium phosphate, especially monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, and polyammonium phosphate, potassium phosphate, especially potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium polyphosphate.

[0100] For sulfur as a nutrient: ammonium sulfate and potassium sulfate, such as mixed sulfates with magnesium.

[0101] Biostimulants can enhance metabolic or physiological processes such as respiration, photosynthesis, nucleic acid uptake, ion uptake, nutrient delivery, or combinations thereof. Non-limiting examples of biostimulants include seaweed extracts, humic acids (e.g., potassium humate), fulvic acid, inositol, glycine, jasmonic acid, benzoic acid, diphenylurea, and combinations thereof.

[0102] Agricultural chemically active compounds, including insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides, require formulations that allow the active compounds to be absorbed by plants / target organisms or retained on target surfaces.

[0103] As used in this article, the term " Agricultural chemical agents "" refers to a composition containing active agricultural chemicals and is intended to include all forms of compositions, including concentrates and sprayable formulations. Unless otherwise specified, the agricultural chemical formulations of the present invention may be in the form of concentrates, diluted concentrates, or sprayable formulations.

[0104] The components of the present invention can be combined with other components to form an agricultural chemical preparation containing at least one agricultural chemically active substance and / or nutrient and / or biostimulant.

[0105] Agricultural chemical concentrates are agricultural chemical compositions that can be aqueous or non-aqueous and are designed to be diluted with water (or an aqueous-based liquid) to form a corresponding spray formulation. These compositions include those in liquid form (e.g., solution, emulsion, or dispersion) and solid form (especially aqueously dispersed solids) such as granules or powders.

[0106] Therefore, agrochemically active compounds can be formulated as emulsifiable concentrates (EC), emulsions (EW), suspension concentrates (SC), soluble liquids (SL), oil-based suspension concentrates (OD), microemulsions (ME), and / or suspensions (SE).

[0107] In EC and SL formulations, the active compound may exist in dissolved form, while in OD, SC, or SE formulations, the active compound may exist as a solid or an emulsion.

[0108] The spray deflection reducing agent of the present invention is expected to be used particularly in SC, OD or SE formulations.

[0109] The agricultural chemical formulations of the present invention may be in the form of concentrates, diluted concentrates, or sprayable formulations.

[0110] Aqueous agricultural chemical concentrates are agricultural chemical compositions designed to be diluted with water (or water-based liquids) to form corresponding spray formulations.

[0111] A spray formulation is an aqueous agricultural chemical preparation comprising all components intended to be applied to plants or their environment. Spray formulations can be prepared by simply diluting a concentrate containing the desired components (excluding water), or by mixing individual components, or by diluting a concentrate and further adding individual components or combinations of component mixtures. Typically, this final mixing is carried out in the spray formulation's container or in a storage tank used to fill the container. Such mixing and blending are commonly referred to as container mixing and tank-mixing.

[0112] Therefore, spray flow reducers can be incorporated into formulations of agricultural chemical actives or nutrient compounds (in-tank formulations) or added after dilution of concentrated spray formulations (tank mixing). Incorporating spray flow reducers into formulations is advantageous to avoid dosage errors and improve user safety during agrochemical application. This also avoids the unnecessary use of additional packaging materials for tank-mixed products.

[0113] Depending on the customer's needs, the resulting concentrate can typically contain up to 95% by weight of agrochemically active substances or nutrients. This is used in the diluted composition (e.g., a spray formulation, wherein the application rate is 10 to 500 l. ha). -1 In this formulation, the concentration of agricultural chemical active substances or nutrients can be in the range of about 0.001% by weight to about 1% by weight of the total formulation.

[0114] Spray deflection reducers are typically used in proportion to the amount of active agrochemical or nutrient in the formulation, or more preferably in proportion to the volume of the spray solution to be applied. In agrochemical formulation concentrates, the proportion of spray deflection reducers will depend on the solubility of each component in the liquid carrier. Typically, the concentration of spray deflection reducers in such concentrates is from 0.5% to 10% by weight.

[0115] When a concentrate (solid or liquid) is used as a source of active agricultural chemicals and / or spray deflection reducers, it is typically diluted to form a spray formulation. The dilution can be 1 to 10,000 times, particularly 10 to 1,000 times, the total weight of the water concentrate to form the spray formulation.

[0116] Spray formulations are aqueous agricultural chemical preparations comprising all components required to be applied to plants or their environment. Spray formulations can be prepared by simply diluting a concentrate containing the desired ingredients (excluding water). This invention can be used for conventional spraying applications or drone-delivered spraying.

[0117] Therefore, the components of the present invention can be incorporated into formulations of agricultural chemically active compounds (in-can / built-in formulations).

[0118] In particular, the present invention has discovered the use of low-dilution, high-concentration spray mixtures, wherein the spray application volume is low in terms of the amount applied per hectare. It should be understood that when low levels of dilution are present, the compatibility between the spray deflection reducer and the inorganic solids becomes particularly apparent, thus necessitating a compatibility agent.

[0119] When the active agrochemical substance exists as solid particles in an aqueous end-use formulation, it will most typically exist as particles of the main agrochemical active substance. However, if desired, the active agrochemical can be loaded onto a solid carrier, such as silica or diatomaceous earth, which can be the solid carrier, filler, or diluent material as described above.

[0120] Spray formulations typically have a pH in the range of moderately acidic (e.g., about 3) to moderately alkaline (e.g., about 10), and particularly close to neutral (e.g., about 5 to 8). More concentrated formulations will have a similar degree of acidity / alkalinity, but since they may be largely non-aqueous, pH is not necessarily a proper measure of this.

[0121] The formulation may also contain additional components, such as pigments, dyes, extenders, and combinations thereof.

[0122] Agricultural chemical formulations may also contain other components as needed. These other components may be selected from those including:

[0123] Other adhesives, particularly those readily soluble in water to provide low-viscosity solutions at high adhesive concentrations, include polyvinylpyrrolidone; polyvinyl alcohol; carboxymethyl cellulose; gum arabic; sugars such as sucrose or sorbitol; starch; ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, sucrose, and alginate.

[0124] Solvents (other than water) include, for example, monopropylene glycol, or oils that can be vegetable or mineral oils, such as spray oils (oils included in spray formulations as non-surfactant adjuvants). Such solvents can be included as solvents for formulation components and / or as humectants, for example, propylene glycol in particular. When used, the content of such solvents is typically from 5% to 500% by weight, ideally from 10% to 100% by weight.

[0125] Diluents, absorbents, or carriers, such as carbon black; talc; diatomaceous earth; kaolin; aluminum stearate, calcium stearate, or magnesium stearate; sodium tripolyphosphate; sodium tetraborate; sodium sulfate; sodium, aluminum, and mixed sodium aluminum silicates; and sodium benzoate.

[0126] Disintegrants, such as surfactants; materials that swell in water, such as carboxymethyl cellulose, collodion, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and microcrystalline cellulose swelling agents; salts, such as sodium acetate or potassium acetate, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate or sesquicarbonate, ammonium sulfate, and dipotassium hydrogen phosphate.

[0127] Wetting agents, such as alcohol ethoxylates and alcohol ethoxylate / propoxylate wetting agents;

[0128] Dispersants, such as sulfonated naphthaldehyde condensates and acrylic copolymers, such as comb copolymers having end-capped polyethylene glycol side chains on the polyacrylic acid backbone;

[0129] Emulsifiers, such as alcohol ethoxylates, ABA block copolymers, or castor oil ethoxylates;

[0130] Defoamers, such as polysiloxane defoamers, are typically used at a dosage of 0.005% to 10% by weight of the formulation.

[0131] Viscosity modifiers, such as commercially available water-soluble or miscible gums, such as xanthan gum, and / or cellulose, such as carboxymethyl, ethyl, or propyl cellulose; and / or

[0132] Preservatives and / or antimicrobial agents, such as organic acids or their esters or salts, such as ascorbic acid (e.g., ascorbyl palmitate), sorbic acid (e.g., potassium sorbate), benzoic acid (e.g., benzoic acid and methyl and propyl 4-hydroxybenzoate), propionic acid (e.g., sodium propionate), phenol (e.g., sodium 2-phenylphenolate); 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one; or formaldehyde itself or oligooxyformaldehyde; or inorganic materials, such as sulfite and its salts, are typically used in amounts from 0.01% to 1% by weight of the formulation.

[0133] The agrochemical formulations according to the present invention may also contain components forming part of an emulsifier system, such as surfactant materials. The surfactant may include surfactant dispersants.

[0134] The adjuvants may be included in the compositions and formulations of the present invention and used in the present invention.

[0135] The present invention also includes a method of treating plants or providing nutrients to plants using a spray formulation comprising at least one dispersed phase agricultural chemical, a spray flow reducer of the first aspect, inorganic mineral solids, and a compatibilizer. The agricultural chemical may be one or more plant activators, such as growth regulators and / or herbicides, and / or pesticides, such as insecticides, fungicides, or acaricides, or may be a nutrient.

[0136] Therefore, the present invention also includes a method of use, comprising:

[0137] A method for killing or suppressing vegetation is carried out by applying a spray formulation to the vegetation or the immediate environment of the vegetation (e.g., the soil surrounding the vegetation), the spray formulation comprising at least one dispersed phase agricultural chemical and a spray deflection reduction agent of the first aspect.

[0138] A method for killing or suppressing plant pests, carried out by applying a spray formulation to the plant or the plant's immediate environment (e.g., the soil surrounding the plant), the spray formulation comprising at least one dispersed phase agricultural chemical and a spray deflection reducing agent of the first aspect, wherein the dispersed phase agricultural chemical is one or more pesticides, such as insecticides, fungicides, or acaricides; and

[0139] A method of providing nutrients to vegetation is carried out by applying a spray formulation to the vegetation or the immediate environment of the vegetation (e.g., the soil surrounding the vegetation), the spray formulation comprising at least one nutrient and a spray deflection reducing agent of the first aspect.

[0140] Spray deflection reducers are materials that reduce the amount of unwanted small spray droplets (driftable fine particles) and / or unwanted large droplets in a commercially important and desirable manner. It is understood that changes in spray deflection characteristics are achieved by altering the size and size distribution of droplets during spraying.

[0141] When the amount of small spray droplets (i.e., spray droplets with a size typically less than 105 μm) formed is reduced, the sprayed formulation generally exhibits a reduced tendency to drift. The amount of driftable small droplets can be expressed as a volume percentage of the total sprayed droplet volume. The amount of spray drift needs to be reduced compared to formulations containing alternative nonionic surfactants or those without spray drift reducers. Spray drift of pesticides can have adverse consequences, including accidental contact between phytotoxic pesticides and non-harmful plants, thereby damaging these non-harmful plants (e.g., crops or ornamental plants).

[0142] Furthermore, the spray deflection reducer of the present invention produces little or no extremely large droplets, which is often expected when polymeric surfactants are used in agricultural chemical formulations.

[0143] This invention will be understood as improving the characteristics of sprayed droplets without or with little degradation of the spraying pattern, while maintaining formulation stability by reducing component incompatibilities.

[0144] It should be understood that all particle and droplet size values ​​described herein are based on a TeeJet 8002 nozzle at 80° and a flow rate of 0.2 gallons / minute. Unless otherwise stated, the fluid pressure for spray testing is 40 psi. Spray deflection reduction values ​​are based on a spray formulation containing 0.5% by weight of a deflector.

[0145] Droplet size and spray measurements can be easily determined using laser scattering, image analysis, or phase Doppler laser measurement. The droplet size measurement used in this application is based on measurements performed using the Sympatec Helos Vario KF laser size measurement system via laser scattering. The spray plume is guided downwards and through the instrument's laser beam; the data are average values ​​of the spray plume.

[0146] Preferably, spraying a deflection reducer reduces the volume of driftable fine droplets (particles). In particular, driftable fine droplets are those with a size less than 105 μm, where this is understood by ASTM E1519-10 as indicating droplet size; droplets smaller than this size are driftable.

[0147] Therefore, the reduction in spray deflection will be understood as a reduction in the volume percentage of droplets with a droplet size of less than 105 μm compared to similar agricultural chemical formulations that do not contain the spray deflection reducing agent of the present invention.

[0148] The spray deflection reducing agent of the present invention can reduce droplets smaller than 105 μm by at least 10% at a spraying pressure of 40 psi. More preferably, at least 15%. Further preferably, at least 20%. Most preferably, at least 25%.

[0149] In terms of particle size distribution, the sprayed droplets will have a median volumetric particle / droplet diameter value. It should be understood that the median volumetric particle size refers to the equivalent sphere diameter corresponding to a point on the distribution that precisely divides the total population into two equal halves. It is the point corresponding to 50% of the total particle volume, read from a cumulative distribution curve relating volume percentage to particle diameter; that is, 50% of the distribution is above this value, and 50% is below it. This value is referred to as the "D(v, 0.5)" value and is determined as described herein.

[0150] Preferably, the spraying of the deflection reducer increases the D(v, 0.5) value. Therefore, the increase in D(v, 0.5) of the spraying will be understood as an increase in the median volume of the sprayed droplets / droplet diameter value compared to similar agricultural chemical formulations that do not contain the spraying deflection reducer of the present invention.

[0151] The spray deflection reducer of the present invention can provide a percentage increase of at least 10% in the D(v, 0.5) value at a spray pressure of 40 psi. More preferably, at least 15%. Most preferably, at least 20%.

[0152] The spray deflection reducing agent of the present invention can change the droplet size distribution of the sprayed formulation by reducing the amount of unwanted small and large droplets.

[0153] “ Drift reduction efficiency "The reduction in drift is defined as the amount of drift reduction obtained per 1 wt% of the reducing agent present, with the same formulation without the reducing agent as a baseline. As noted, the reduction in spray drift can be observed by the reduction in the volume percentage of droplets with a droplet size of less than 150 μm compared to a similar agrochemical formulation that does not contain the spray drift reducing agent of the present invention. Therefore, the drift reduction efficiency can be calculated by measuring the difference in the volume percentage of droplets with a droplet size of less than 105 μm between the formulation containing the reducing agent and the control, and calculating the value per 1 wt% of the reducing agent. For example, if a percentage difference of 10% is found when using 0.2 wt% of the reducing agent, the calculated drift reduction efficiency value would be 50 / per 0.1 wt% of the reducing agent."

[0154] The drift reduction efficiency of the reducing agent is preferably greater than 1, more preferably greater than 3, even more preferably greater than 10, further preferably greater than 20, particularly preferably greater than 30, more preferably greater than 40, even more preferably greater than 50, further preferably greater than 70, and most preferably greater than 100.

[0155] The contact angle of an agricultural chemical formulation represents a measurement of the profile of the formulation droplet when it comes into contact with a solid surface. When a surfactant is added to water, the surface tension of the solution decreases, allowing the droplets to spread over a larger leaf area. These flatter droplets have a lower contact angle. Water droplets are generally understood to have a contact angle of 93°, while solutions containing the desired wetting agent will have a contact angle of 50° or less.

[0156] The contact angle of the agricultural chemical formulation of the present invention is preferably less than 65°. More preferably, less than 60°. Most preferably, less than 58°.

[0157] The method for determining the contact angle is as described in this article.

[0158] Surface tension is a condition that exists on the free surface of a liquid. A surface tension test measures the force required to pull a float ring away from the liquid surface. This force is measured in dynes per centimeter (equivalent to mN / m, typically 74 dynes per centimeter for water). Surfactants often lower the surface tension value, resulting in better leaf coverage.

[0159] Lowering the surface tension is necessary because it indicates improved spreading of each droplet on the target surface, leading to better absorption. The additives of this invention have been found to provide the required surface tension.

[0160] The equilibrium surface tension (EST) of the additive of the present invention is preferably less than 60 mN / m. More preferably, less than 50 mN / m. Even more preferably, less than 45 mN / m. Most preferably, less than 40 mN / m.

[0161] The method for determining the equilibrium surface tension is as described herein, using a dilute aqueous solution of 0.5 wt% and 1.0 wt% of the auxiliary agent.

[0162] The lower surface tension value confirms its ideal performance as a nonionic surfactant adjuvant. For materials with the same or larger molecular size (as in the case of the materials of this invention), the lower dynamic surface tension (DST) provides improved performance associated with increased droplet retention on the leaf surface, and combined with a lower contact angle, will provide improved spreading. The end result is increased leaf surface coverage.

[0163] The dynamic surface tension of the additive of the present invention is preferably less than 75 mN / m. More preferably, it is less than 70 mN / m. Most preferably, it is less than 65 mN / m.

[0164] The method for determining dynamic surface tension is as described herein, using an auxiliary agent diluted in water at 0.5 and 1.0% by weight.

[0165] In summary, the observed improvements in a range of physical properties, such as EST, contact angle, and DST, are generally considered important for enhancing the performance of contact insecticides and fungicides.

[0166] The adjuvants of this invention are polymerized and typically have a large size, while a more common approach to reducing DST is to make surfactant molecules smaller and more mobile at rapidly expanding interfaces, as well as to shrink or branch hydrophobic substances. The observed properties distinguish them from other surfactant compounds used to reduce DST in agricultural spray mixtures.

[0167] When containing typically incompatible spray drift reducers and inorganic mineral solids, drift reduction properties remain stable in formulations, even at low dilution levels, in the presence of a compatibilizer as defined herein.

[0168] All the features described herein can be combined with any of the aspects mentioned above in any combination.

[0169] Example

[0170] To make the invention easier to understand, reference will now be made to the following description by way of examples.

[0171] It should be understood that, unless otherwise stated herein or in the referenced test methods and procedures, all tests and physical properties listed have been determined at atmospheric pressure and room temperature (i.e., 25°C).

[0172] Test methods

[0173] The following test methods are used to determine the performance of the adjuvant composition.

[0174] Phytotoxicity - After treatment, visually assess the effect using a scale of 0 to 6, and 1 to 5, as shown below. Group the plants for treatment and photograph them:

[0175]

[0176] Spraying parameters —The size distribution of the sprayed droplets was measured in the Croda Low Speed ​​Wind Tunnel (LSWT) device.

[0177] Samples were tested by spraying 1.0% of the sample into tap water from an XR11002 nozzle at 40 psi pressure. Droplet size distribution was measured using a Sympatec HELOS-KR laser diffraction system equipped with an R7 lens at a wind speed of 15 mph, 12 inches outside the nozzle exit, intersecting the spray perpendicular to the spray axis approximately 10 inches below the nozzle exit. Used spray solution was removed using a demister. Measurements reported in this report include D(v, 0.1), D(v, 0.5), and D(v, 0.9), which represent droplet sizes below which account for 10%, 50%, and 90% of the spray volume, respectively.

[0178] The percentage of particles smaller than 105 μm (%<105 μm) is the percentage of the spray volume of particles 105 μm and smaller.

[0179] The sample is sprayed to obtain particle size and distribution results, thereby determining the spray deviation characteristics. The reported values ​​are the average of at least four measurements.

[0180] Balanced surface tension — Surface tension was measured using a Kruss K100 tensiometer with a Wilhelmy plate. The temperature of the sample chamber was controlled at 25.0°C ± 0.1°C using a VWR 1156D cooling / heating circulating water bath.

[0181] Before measuring the sample solution, the instrument's performance was validated by measuring the surface tension of HPLC-grade water. Approximately two-thirds of the clean measurement unit was filled with HPLC-grade water to establish a baseline surface tension of surfactant-free water alone (72.8 mN / m).

[0182] Aqueous solutions of each sample material were prepared to concentrations of 0.5 wt% and 1.0 wt%. Burdick & Jackson HPLC-grade water was used. The samples were manually stirred and allowed to equilibrate for at least 24 hours.

[0183] Gently pour approximately 20 ml of sample solution into the sample dish and place it in the instrument's sample holder. Monitor the change in surface tension for fifteen minutes to confirm that equilibrium has been effectively reached. Record the surface tension value at this point. Measure at least two equal aliquots and report the average value.

[0184] Dynamic surface tension (DST) - DST was determined at ambient temperature using standard ASTM D3825-09, "Standard Test Method for Dynamic Surface Tension by Rapid Bubble Technique," with a 1.0 wt% water dilution of the additive.

[0185] Contact angle -0.5 weight ％ Prepare aqueous solutions of each sample material at a concentration of 1.0 wt%. Use Burdick & Jackson HPLC-grade water. Shake the samples by hand and allow them to equilibrate for 24 hours.

[0186] The contact angle of each solution on the sealing film was measured using a Lauda Scientific goniometer (model LSA 100). A strip of sealing film was secured to a microscope slide using double-sided tape; after attaching the film to the tape, the protective barrier on the sealing film was removed. 5-µl droplets were applied to the sealing film using a micropipette. The contact angle of each droplet was measured immediately after application, visually aligned with the goniometer's crosshairs along the tangent of the droplet / substrate / air interface. The contact angle of each of the ten droplets was measured on each side. These values ​​were averaged to determine the reported value.

[0187] stability - Evaluate the stability of all formulations at room temperature (RT, 25°C) and 54°C after specified time periods. Visually evaluate all samples to measure any possible precipitation / emulsioning.

[0188] The following materials were used in the embodiments:

[0189] ●COMP1 - Ethoxylated (20EO) Polyethyleneimine (600)

[0190] ●COMP2 - Cocoyl bis(hydroxyethyl)methyl ethoxylated (15EO) chloride.

[0191] ● Polyoxyethylene (16) dehydrated sorbitan monolaurate (commercially available under the brand name Tween 24)

[0192] ●PEG (4MM) – Polyethylene Glycol (MW 4 million)

[0193] ●PG 5%——Propylene Glycol

[0194] The following formulations were prepared and tested, as shown in Table 1:

[0195] Table 1. Formulations

[0196]

[0197] Accurately weigh the required amount of each ingredient into a beaker and then stir until a homogeneous liquid is obtained to prepare the formulation.

[0198] Phytotoxicity

[0199] The phytotoxicity of the formulation was tested to ensure that its use and application would not harm any crop to which it was applied. Individual trials were conducted for each sample F1 and F2. The five rates of the samples were compared to a water control (Table 2). The trial comprised 4 plants / treatments, with 24 pots of soybean and lettuce planted in each trial. Therefore, all trials will have a total of 144 pots planted, consisting of 72 soybean pots and 72 lettuce pots.

[0200] Table 2. Treatment rates used in the three tests for each sample of the water control.

[0201]

[0202] Greenhouse growing conditions were set at 22°C during the day and 19°C at night, with 14 hours of supplemental lighting. One-liter pots (3.5”) were filled with compound fertilizer (Levington F2+S). Two seeds were sown per pot, and thinned to one seed per seed after germination.

[0203] Water the plants as needed using a watering gun until treatment is applied. After spraying, water the plants in the saucer to avoid washing the treatment off the leaves. Water at a consistent rate and thoroughly through the top of the pot (for additional canary pots). Bioline (Amblyseius cucumeris) is used to control western flower thrips. Yellow sticky traps are used to control scarid flies. Check the plants for signs of disease, nutrient deficiency, or other stress symptoms.

[0204] All treatments were carried out using a micro-sprayer when lettuce had 3-4 true leaves and soybeans had 2 three-leaf stages. Untreated control plants were sprayed with deionized water. Before spraying, plants were randomly selected and placed on a one-meter square area on the greenhouse floor according to treatment groups, one group at a time. Care was taken to avoid spray deviation and contamination of off-target plants.

[0205] The sprayer is calibrated with an output of 200 L / ha, equipped with fan nozzles (XR TEEJET 11001VS), a 100-mesh filter removed, and a pressure of 3 bar. Note that the spraying pattern is greatly affected by high concentrations of the adjuvant. Spray at a consistent rate and use all treatment solutions. After spraying, return the plants to the greenhouse workbenches, with each group of plants growing in a row to aid in visual inspection. Do not water the plants for 12 hours after application of the treatment to ensure the treatment is not washed away.

[0206] Treatments were performed in order from control to the highest concentration to avoid contamination.

[0207] Table 3. Average F1 phytotoxicity score of four soybean plants for each treatment.

[0208]

[0209] No phytotoxic effects were observed when the concentration of F1 reached 1.5% v / v, although small brown spots were visible on older leaves. Application of F1 at 3% v / v resulted in moderate crop damage, with several instances of cell death and some browning; the frequency of this damage increased with increasing concentration to 4.5% v / v.

[0210] Table 4. Average F1 phytotoxicity score of four lettuce plants for each treatment.

[0211]

[0212] No phytotoxic effects were found in lettuce plants at any F1 application rate.

[0213] Table 5. Average phytotoxicity score of F2 soybean plants from four plants in each treatment.

[0214]

[0215] Table 6. Average phytotoxicity score of F2 plants from four lettuce plants in each treatment.

[0216]

[0217] High concentrations of adjuvants significantly affect the spraying pattern, meaning that the spray filter must be removed and the pressure increased from 2 bar to 3 bar (29-43.5 psi). The point at which each adjuvant begins to cause phytotoxic damage can be determined.

[0218] When applied at a rate of 1.5% v / v, F1 began to cause phytotoxic damage. F2 appeared to be more phytotoxic, showing initial signs of damage after application at 0.75% v / v.

[0219] Spray deflection performance

[0220] The spray deflection performance of the formulation was tested using a low-speed wind tunnel to ensure that the use of the adjuvant did not cause any unwanted deflection degradation.

[0221] Table 7. Droplet size distribution results using XR11002 nozzle at 40 psi pressure

[0222]

[0223] The results showed that all treatment methods were effective in reducing divertable fine particles compared to water alone.

[0224] Stability and compatibility

[0225] Stability was tested at room temperature, 5°C, and 54°C. No phase separation was observed within two weeks, indicating that the formulation stability was acceptable.

[0226] The compatibility of the two variants with previously tested commercial agricultural chemicals was examined. The results showed that both variants significantly improved compatibility. Unlike the original formulation where 30% (10 out of 33 agricultural chemicals) of the tested chemicals showed incompatibility issues, only one agricultural chemical showed incompatibility with F2, and none with F1.

[0227] Balanced surface tension

[0228] The decomposition of surfactant solutions is similar to that of pure water, but the resulting droplets are on average smaller. The resulting droplet size distribution can be well described using predictions of simple liquids based on equilibrium and dynamic surface tension parameters.

[0229] Assess the equilibrium surface tension of the formulation.

[0230] Table 8. Equilibrium surface tension values ​​(Dyn / cm)

[0231]

[0232] As can be seen from Table 8, the ESTs of formulations F1 and F2 of the present invention are almost the same as those of control C1 and are slightly higher.

[0233] Dynamic surface tension (DST)

[0234] Dynamic surface tension was compared with the original version at 0.5% and 1.0%.

[0235] Table 9. Dynamic surface tension values ​​(Dyn / cm)

[0236]

[0237] As can be seen from Table 9, the DST of the three samples is very similar.

[0238] When considering particle size, equilibrium surface tension, and dynamic surface tension, it is clear that the components of this invention do not have any negative impact on spray deflection characteristics.

[0239] Contact angle

[0240] A decreased contact angle indicates enhanced diffusion of water droplets on the leaf surface. The contact angle is also not so low as to excessively increase droplet runoff, which helps to maximize droplet retention on the treated plants.

[0241] The contact angles of the three samples on the sealing film were tested at concentrations of 0.5% and 1.0%.

[0242] Table 10. Contact angle of samples on sealing film

[0243]

[0244] As can be seen from Table 10, F2 has a much lower contact angle at both utilization rates. The contact angle at 0.5% shows a slight difference between F1 and C1.

[0245] Compatibility

[0246] The essential elements of this invention are not only that it has no negative impact on plant toxicity and spray deflection performance, but also that the addition of components ensures a stable and compatible formulation, which would otherwise be observed in combinations of high molecular weight deflection agents and inorganic mineral solids.

[0247] The compatibility results are shown in Table 11.

[0248] Table 11. Compatibility Results

[0249]

[0250] SANS / NSC - naphthalenesulfonic acid / formaldehyde condensate is a commonly used dispersant in agricultural formulations and is one of the fundamental reasons for the incompatibility often observed when high molecular weight dispersants and inorganic mineral solids coexist.

[0251] As can be seen, the formulation of the present invention provides good compatibility compared with the control formulation.

[0252] Studies have found that adding ethoxylated polyethyleneimine, ethoxylated quaternary ammonium, or fatty amine ethoxylates to control formulation C1 helps improve compatibility with MAS and NSC. The stability of the formulation of this invention is considered acceptable compared to control C1, which is not considered acceptable due to reduced stability.

[0253] Internal testing results indicate that the performance of the formulation of this invention is more or less similar to control C1 in terms of low-speed wind tunnel testing, equilibrium, and contact angle. The formulation of this invention also did not exhibit any undesirable phytotoxicity.

[0254] Since compatibility with agricultural chemicals is one of the key characteristics of tank-mix adjuvants, especially in low-volume applications such as drone application, it has been found that compatibility with common adjuvants used in liquid agricultural chemicals can be achieved with minimal surfactant content.

[0255] It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above embodiments, which are described by way of example only. Many variations are possible.

Claims

1. A sprayable agricultural chemical agent comprising: i) At least one spray deflection reducing agent, which is polyethylene glycol or polyacrylamide with a molecular weight in the range of 1,000,000 to 5,000,000 Daltons. ii) A compatibilizer selected from ethoxylated polyethyleneimine, ethoxylated alkylamine quaternary ammonium, or fatty amine ethoxylates; iii) at least one inorganic mineral solid; and ii) At least one of the following: agricultural chemically active substances, nutrients or biostimulants.

2. The sprayable agricultural chemical agent according to claim 1, wherein the number average molecular weight of the spray deflection reducer is in the range of 3,000,000 to 4,000,000 Daltons.

3. The sprayable agricultural chemical formulation according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the amount of compatibilizer in the formulation is in the range of 0.01 to 0.10% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.

4. The sprayable agricultural chemical according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the ethoxylated polyethyleneimine has a molecular weight (weight average) in the range of 4,000 to 20,000.

5. The sprayable agricultural chemical according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the degree of ethoxylation of the polyethyleneimine is in the range of 10 to 30.

6. The sprayable agricultural chemical formulation according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the ethoxylated polyethyleneimine is selected from ethoxylated (18EO) polyethyleneimine (400), ethoxylated (16EO) polyethyleneimine (500), ethoxylated (18EO) polyethyleneimine (500), ethoxylated (18EO) polyethyleneimine (600), ethoxylated (20EO) polyethyleneimine (600), ethoxylated (20EO) polyethyleneimine (700), ethoxylated (20EO) polyethyleneimine (500), ethoxylated (22EO) polyethyleneimine (600), ethoxylated (22EO) polyethyleneimine (500), ethoxylated (26EO) polyethyleneimine (400), and ethoxylated (24EO) polyethyleneimine (400).

7. The sprayable agricultural chemical agent according to claim 6, wherein the ethoxylated polyethyleneimine is selected from ethoxylated (18EO) polyethyleneimine (600), ethoxylated (20EO) polyethyleneimine (600) and ethoxylated (22EO) polyethyleneimine (600).

8. The sprayable agricultural chemical according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the ethoxylated alkylamine quaternary ammonium compound is selected from those conforming to structure (I): in R is a C6-C32 aliphatic alkyl chain; R' is a C1-C6 alkyl or alkylene group; The sum of m and n is in the range of 8 to 40; and X is a counter ion that forms salts, which makes the compound water-soluble or water-dispersible.

9. The sprayable agricultural chemical agent according to claim 8, wherein the ethoxylated alkylamine quaternary ammonium compound is selected from cocoyl alkyl bis(hydroxyethyl) methyl ethoxylated (15EO) chloride, cocoyl alkyl bis(hydroxyethyl) ethyl ethoxylated (15EO) chloride, cocoyl alkyl bis(hydroxyethyl) methyl ethoxylated (20EO) chloride, cocoyl alkyl bis(hydroxyethyl) methyl ethoxylated (10EO) chloride, cocoyl alkyl bis(hydroxyethyl) ethyl ethoxylated (10EO) chloride, stearyl alkyl bis(hydroxyethyl) methyl ethoxylated (15EO) chloride, stearyl alkyl bis(hydroxyethyl) ethyl ethoxylated (15EO) chloride, stearyl alkyl bis(hydroxyethyl) methyl ethoxylated (20EO) chloride, stearyl alkyl bis(hydroxyethyl) methyl ethoxylated (10EO) chloride, and stearyl alkyl bis(hydroxyethyl) ethyl ethoxylated (10EO) chloride.

10. The sprayable agricultural chemical agent according to claim 9, wherein the ethoxylated alkylamine quaternary ammonium compound is selected from stearyl alkyl bis(hydroxyethyl) methyl ethoxylated (15EO) chloride and cocoyl alkyl bis(hydroxyethyl) methyl ethoxylated (15EO) chloride.

11. The sprayable agricultural chemical according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the fatty amine ethoxylate is selected from those conforming to structure (II): in: R is a C6-C32 aliphatic alkyl chain; and The sum of m and n is in the range of 3 to 20.

12. A concentrate formulation suitable for preparing a sprayable agricultural chemical agent according to any one of claims 1 to 11, said concentrate comprising a polyethylene glycol spray deflection reducer with a molecular weight in the range of 1,000,000 to 5,000,000 Daltons, and optionally a compatibilizer selected from ethoxylated polyethyleneimine, ethoxylated alkylamine quaternary ammonium, or fatty amine ethoxylates.

13. The concentrate formulation according to claim 12, wherein the amount of compatibilizer in the formulation is in the range of 1 to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.

14. Use of ethoxylated polyethyleneimine, ethoxylated alkylamine quaternary ammonium or fatty amine ethoxylates as compatibilizers in agricultural chemical formulations, wherein the spray deflection reducing agent is polyethylene glycol or polyacrylamide with a molecular weight in the range of 1,000,000 to 5,000,000 Daltons, and the formulation comprises at least one inorganic mineral solid and optionally at least one agricultural chemically active substance, nutrient or biostimulant.

15. A method for reducing spray deviation by using an agricultural chemical formulation according to any one of claims 1 to 11 and / or a diluted concentrate formulation according to claim 12 or 13.

16. A method of treating vegetation to control pests and / or provide nutrients, the method comprising applying a formulation according to any one of claims 1 to 11 and / or a diluted concentrate formulation according to claim 12 or 13 to the vegetation or to the immediate environment of the vegetation.

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