A method for transplanting and keeping alive seedlings in arid desertification land by orienting and keeping water and fertilizer in a bioplastic bag

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of biological plastic bag inside directional water and fertilizer conservation drought sandy land seedling transplanting and keeping alive method, by preparing thermoplastic biological material and processing formation biological plastic bag, using microorganism, bacteria has sensitivity to biological plastic bag and the characteristics of bag body and insoluble in water, it is placed in tree planting pit, mixed organic matter fertilizer, water retaining agent etc. to plant growth promoting substance, realize directional water and fertilizer conservation, guarantee seedling growth initial period required water and nutrient, after seedling root system can penetrate biological plastic bag and go down to the water layer in pit, biological plastic bag will also degrade naturally, at this time, no need artificial intervention.The application is suitable for haloxylon ammodendron, red willow, date palm tree and other various plants suitable for drought sandy land growth, can effectively solve the technical problems of low survival rate of drought sandy land seedling transplanting, water and nutrient loss fast, realize wind prevention and sand fixation, beautify environment, promote economic growth and the comprehensive benefits of grower income increase.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of seedling cultivation and desertification control in arid sandy areas, specifically a method for transplanting and ensuring the survival of seedlings in arid sandy areas by directional water and fertilizer retention within bio-plastic bags. Background Technology

[0002] Arid and desertified areas suffer from scarce surface water resources and infertile soil, leading to rapid water evaporation. The surrounding dry soils exert intense competition for water at the roots of seedlings, resulting in extremely low survival rates after transplanting. This poses a core challenge to desertification control and ecological restoration. However, if groundwater resources are abundant (water layer depth 0.8-15 meters), and deep-rooted trees are planted, with proper planting and maintenance, trees can be planted in arid and desertified areas.

[0003] Currently, existing seedling transplant survival techniques mostly employ conventional methods such as laying drip irrigation networks for water retention and layered fertilization. However, abandoned networks or fossil plastics are difficult to degrade, easily causing white pollution in the soil. Furthermore, they cannot achieve targeted water and fertilizer retention for seedlings, resulting in rapid loss of water and nutrients. Some containers made from degradable materials have unreasonable molecular structure designs, which cannot effectively isolate the surrounding dry soil, and the water and fertilizer retention period is short, making it difficult to meet the growth needs of seedlings in the initial 2-3 months.

[0004] Meanwhile, the limited plant species available for cultivation in arid and desertified areas present a significant challenge: how to achieve the coordinated planting of economic crops, medicinal herbs, and windbreak plants while balancing ecological and economic benefits. This is a pressing technological issue that needs to be addressed. In particular, economic plants such as Eucommia ulmoides, date palms, and Cistanche deserticola face challenges, such as low parasitism and survival rates during artificial transplantation of Cistanche deserticola, making large-scale, efficient cultivation difficult with current technologies.

[0005] In summary, the transplantation of seedlings in arid and desertified land has the following problems:

[0006] 1. When transplanting seedlings in arid and sandy areas, the surrounding dry soil can easily deplete the water from the roots of the seedlings, leading to water and fertilizer deficiency and death of the seedlings;

[0007] 2. Existing commonly used materials are either difficult to decompose, causing environmental pollution, or have a short water and fertilizer retention period, which cannot meet the needs of seedlings in the early stages of growth.

[0008] 3. Transplanting seedlings requires long-term manual intervention, which is cumbersome and costly.

[0009] 4. Medicinal plants such as Cistanche deserticola have low parasitism and survival rates during transplantation, making large-scale cultivation difficult.

[0010] 5. Existing technologies are unable to balance ecological restoration and economic benefits, and cannot achieve coordinated development of windbreak and sand fixation with increased income for farmers.

[0011] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an environmentally friendly, efficient, low-carbon, and easy-to-operate method for transplanting and preserving seedlings in arid and desertified land that can balance ecological and economic benefits.

[0012] In view of the above, the inventors propose the following technical solution. Summary of the Invention

[0013] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a method for transplanting and ensuring the survival of seedlings in arid and desertified land by directional water and fertilizer retention inside bio-plastic bags.

[0014] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: The method for directional water and fertilizer retention in the transplantation and survival of seedlings in arid and sandy land using bioplastic bags includes the following steps: S1: Preparation of bioplastic bags: A thin film-like bioplastic bag is prepared by processing thermoplastic biomaterials. This bioplastic bag has the characteristics of being easily decomposed by microorganisms, insoluble in water, and sensitive to microorganisms and bacteria; S2: Excavation of planting pits: Planting pits are excavated in arid and sandy afforestation land according to the specifications of the seedlings. The size of the planting pit matches the size of the bioplastic bag prepared in step S1, ensuring that the periphery of the bioplastic bag can fully contact the inner wall of the planting pit after it is placed in; S3: Placement of bioplastic bags: The bioplastic bags prepared in step S1 are placed in the planting pits excavated in step S2, and the height of the bioplastic bags is greater than the depth of the planting pit, so that... The opening of the bio-plastic bag extends above the edge of the planting pit, isolating it from the surrounding dry soil and preventing it from competing with the seedling roots for moisture. S4: Seedling planting and substrate filling: Suitable seedlings for arid, sandy soil are vertically placed into the bio-plastic bag. The bag is then filled with a substrate composed of a proportionally mixed mixture of organic fertilizer, soil, and water-retaining gel. After filling, an appropriate amount of water is poured in to thoroughly moisten the substrate. S5: Bio-plastic bag opening treatment and subsequent growth: The opening of the bio-plastic bag protruding from the edge of the planting pit is folded back to cover the pit opening, preventing moisture evaporation. Once the seedlings have grown to the point where their roots penetrate the bio-plastic bag and reach a depth of 0.8-15 meters in the groundwater layer, human intervention can be stopped. The bio-plastic bag will gradually decompose under the action of microorganisms within the planting pit and in the natural environment.

[0015] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the thermoplastic biomaterial uses one or more elements selected from plant fruits such as starch, cellulose, straw powder, bamboo powder, protein, sugar, and fat as the main raw materials.

[0016] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the technology for processing the raw materials of bioplastic bags involves mixing biomaterials with other thermoplastic resins in a certain proportion, grafting polymers, extruding and granulating, and forming a film to produce a film bag with uniform thickness. The bioplastic bag has a thickness of 0.01-0.5mm, ensuring that the roots of seedlings can penetrate normally and can be naturally degraded under the action of microorganisms.

[0017] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, in step S2, the depth of the planting pit is 30-100cm and the diameter is 3-50cm. The size is adjusted according to the type and specifications of the seedlings to ensure that the seedling roots can spread normally and that the bio-plastic bag can fit tightly against the pit wall.

[0018] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, in step S3, the opening of the bio-plastic bag is 10-200cm higher than the edge of the planting pit, ensuring that the bio-plastic bag can completely cover the opening of the planting pit after being folded back, effectively preventing water evaporation and conserving moisture.

[0019] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, in step S4, the mixing ratio of the organic fertilizer, soil and water-retaining agent gel is (1-10):(8-60):(0.5-8); the water-retaining agent gel is a gel-like substance after the water-retaining agent absorbs water or a starch-grafted polyacrylamide gel, ensuring that the water and nutrients in the bag can be continuously supplied for 2-3 months.

[0020] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, in step S4, the appropriate amount of water for irrigation refers to irrigating each seedling with 2-1000L of water so that the substrate moisture content in the bio-plastic bag reaches 50-80% of the field water holding capacity, thus meeting the initial growth needs of the seedlings.

[0021] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the seedlings include one or more of the following species suitable for growth in arid and desertified land: Haloxylon ammodendron, Tamarix chinensis, Date palm, Calligonum mongolicum, Populus euphratica, Populus thunbergii, Eucommia ulmoides, and Cistanche deserticola.

[0022] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, in step S5, the degradation cycle of the bioplastic bag is 2-6 months under microbial environment conditions, ensuring that the bioplastic bag maintains its complete water and fertilizer retention function before the seedling roots penetrate the bioplastic bag.

[0023] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned technical solutions, for Cistanche deserticola seedlings, artificial parasitism control technology can be combined during transplantation to select suitable parasitic hosts, thereby improving the parasitism rate and transplant survival rate of Cistanche deserticola, with the outdoor parasitism rate reaching over 70%.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0025] 1. Significantly effective in targeted water and fertilizer retention: The bio-plastic bag effectively blocks the surrounding dry soil from taking away water from the seedling roots. Combined with the water-retaining gel in the mixed substrate, it achieves targeted supply of water and nutrients, ensuring that the seedlings continuously receive water and nutrients for 2-3 months, and greatly improving the survival rate of transplanted seedlings.

[0026] 2. Environmentally friendly and residue-free: Bioplastic bags are made from natural plant materials and can be completely degraded under the action of microorganisms. They participate in the carbon cycle of nature, produce no white pollution, and are more environmentally friendly than traditional drip irrigation technology, meeting the sustainable development needs of ecological restoration.

[0027] 3. Simple operation and controllable cost: Bioplastic bags can be mass-produced in factories. On-site operation only requires digging planting pits, laying bioplastic bags, planting seedlings, and filling substrate. No complicated equipment and technology are required, and no manual intervention is needed in the later stage, which greatly reduces construction, planting and maintenance costs.

[0028] 4. Wide range of applications: It is applicable to a variety of plants suitable for growth in arid and desertified land, such as Haloxylon ammodendron, Tamarix chinensis, Date palm, Calligonum mongolicum, Populus euphratica, Populus thunbergii, Eucommia ulmoides, and Cistanche deserticola. In particular, it can be combined with artificial parasitism control technology to improve the parasitism rate and survival rate of medicinal plants such as Cistanche deserticola, and realize the survival of economic crops, medicinal materials, windbreaks and other plants.

[0029] 5. Outstanding comprehensive benefits: This technology can achieve seedling survival in a short period of time, exerting ecological benefits such as windbreak and sand fixation and environmental beautification. At the same time, by planting cash crops and medicinal materials such as Cistanche deserticola, it can promote economic growth and increase the income of growers, achieving coordinated development of ecological, economic and social benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bioplastic bag in this invention.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of the planting pit and bioplastic bag arrangement in this invention.

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the completed state of seedling planting, substrate filling, and bag opening treatment in this invention.

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the growth state of seedling roots penetrating the plastic bag and reaching the groundwater layer in this invention.

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the degradation process of the bioplastic bag in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0036] Combination Figure 1-5 As shown, the invention relates to a method for transplanting and preserving seedlings in arid and desertified land using bio-plastic bags with directional water and fertilizer retention, which includes the following steps:

[0037] S1: Preparation of bioplastic bag 1:

[0038] Using one or more elements from plant fruit starch, cellulose, straw powder, bamboo powder, protein, sugar, and fat as the main raw materials, and employing thermoplastic biomaterial preparation technology, a thin-film bioplastic bag 1 can be produced through processes such as raw material mixing, polymer grafting, extrusion granulation, and film forming. This bioplastic bag 1 has three core characteristics: first, it is easily decomposed by microorganisms and can be completely degraded in the natural environment without residue or pollution; second, it is insoluble in water, effectively blocking water penetration and achieving water retention; and third, it is sensitive to microorganisms and bacteria, has a specific gravity greater than water, and can be gradually decomposed under the action of soil microorganisms, with the decomposition products participating in the natural carbon cycle without polluting the soil environment.

[0039] Preferably, the thickness of the bioplastic bag 1 is controlled between 0.01-0.5mm. If the thickness is too thin, it will be easily damaged and have insufficient water retention capacity. If the thickness is too thick, it will hinder the timely penetration of the seedling roots and affect the later growth of the seedlings.

[0040] S2: Excavation of planting pit 2:

[0041] In arid and desertified afforestation areas, planting pits 2 are dug according to the type and specifications (diameter of root system and root size) of the selected seedlings 3. The size of the planting pit 2 must match the size of the bio-plastic bag 1 prepared in step S1. Generally, the depth of the planting pit 2 is 30-100cm and the diameter is 3-50cm. Its size is adjusted according to the type and specifications of the seedlings 3 to ensure that after the plastic bag is placed, the roots of the seedlings 3 can spread out normally and the bio-plastic bag 1 can fit tightly against the pit wall of the planting pit 2 without obvious gaps, so as to prevent the surrounding dry soil from contacting the roots of the seedlings 3 through gaps and competing for water.

[0042] During the excavation process, the top dry sand and deep soil can be piled up separately to facilitate subsequent matrix mixing and backfilling.

[0043] S3: Deployment of bioplastic bags 1:

[0044] The bio-plastic bag 1 prepared in step S1 is slowly placed into the planting pit 2 dug in step S2. The position of the bio-plastic bag 1 is adjusted so that its height is greater than the depth of the planting pit 2, and the opening of the bio-plastic bag 1 is 10-200cm above the edge of the planting pit 2. This ensures that the bio-plastic bag 1 can completely cover the opening of the planting pit 2 after being folded back, effectively preventing water evaporation and conserving moisture. The core purpose of this design is to use the plastic bag to isolate the surrounding dry soil, forming a relatively independent water and fertilizer retention space, preventing the surrounding dry soil from directly contacting the roots of the seedlings 3 and competing for root water, thus providing a stable water environment for the initial growth of the seedlings 3.

[0045] S4: Seedling planting (3) and substrate filling (4):

[0046] Select suitable seedlings for growth in arid and desertified land (such as Haloxylon ammodendron, Tamarix chinensis, Date palm, Calligonum mongolicum, Populus euphratica, Populus thunbergii, Eucommia ulmoides, Cistanche deserticola, etc.), ensuring that the seedlings are vigorous and have intact root systems. Remove damaged roots and excess lateral branches to reduce water transpiration. Place the seedlings 3 vertically into the bio-plastic bag 1, allowing the roots of the seedlings 3 to spread out naturally. Then fill the bag with a substrate 4 formed by a proportional mixture of organic fertilizer, soil, and water-retaining gel.

[0047] Preferably, the mixing ratio of organic fertilizer, soil and water-retaining gel is (1-10):(8-60):(0.5-5). The organic fertilizer can be well-rotted manure prepared from agricultural and forestry waste, sheep manure and cow manure to provide nutrients required for the growth of seedling 3. The water-retaining gel is selected from water-retaining gel after water absorption or starch-grafted polyacrylamide gel, which has excellent water retention capacity and can slowly release water to ensure that seedling 3 can continuously obtain water and nutrients within 2-3 months (depending on the water consumption of tree species).

[0048] After filling substrate 4, pour an appropriate amount of water into the bio-plastic bag 1, 2-1000L per seedling 3, to fully moisten substrate 4, reaching a moisture content of 50-80% of field capacity. This ensures that the roots of the seedling 3 are in close contact with substrate 4, allowing for rapid absorption of water and nutrients. For Cistanche deserticola seedlings 3, artificial parasitism control techniques can be combined during transplanting, selecting suitable parasitic hosts (such as Haloxylon ammodendron) to increase the parasitism rate of Cistanche deserticola, achieving an outdoor parasitism rate of over 70%, further improving the transplant survival rate.

[0049] S5: Treatment of the opening of a bioplastic bag and subsequent growth:

[0050] Fold the exposed opening of the bio-plastic bag 1 back over to tightly wrap around the opening of the planting pit 2, ensuring it contacts the outer edge of the seedling 3. This forms a sealed structure for water and fertilizer retention, effectively preventing moisture evaporation from the bio-plastic bag 1 and further enhancing its water retention effect. Finally, fill the folded opening of the bio-plastic bag 1 with topsoil and / or deep soil to prevent accidental opening.

[0051] No frequent artificial watering or fertilization is needed in the later stages. As the seedlings grow, their root systems become stronger, allowing them to penetrate the bio-plastic bag 1 and reach a groundwater layer 2-15 meters deep, where they can grow naturally. During this process, the bio-plastic bag 1 gradually decomposes under the action of microorganisms in the pit and the natural environment, with a degradation cycle of 2-6 months. The degradation rate is related to the types and content of soil microorganisms, temperature, and humidity, ensuring that the bio-plastic bag 1 maintains its complete water and fertilizer retention function before the seedling roots penetrate it. After degradation, there are no residues, and the decomposition products participate in the natural carbon cycle, without polluting the soil or the environment.

[0052] In summary, the technical effects achieved by this invention are as follows:

[0053] 1. Significant effect of targeted water and fertilizer retention: The isolation effect of the bio-plastic bag 1 effectively blocks the surrounding dry soil from competing for water with the roots of seedling 3. Combined with the water-retaining gel in the mixed substrate 4, it realizes the targeted supply of water and nutrients, ensuring that seedling 3 can continuously obtain water and nutrients for 2-3 months, and greatly improving the transplant survival rate of seedling 3.

[0054] 2. Environmentally friendly and residue-free: Bioplastic bags are made from natural plant materials and can be completely degraded by microorganisms, participating in the carbon cycle of nature. They produce no white pollution and are more environmentally friendly than traditional drip irrigation technology, meeting the sustainable development needs of ecological restoration.

[0055] 3. Simple operation and controllable cost: Bio-plastic bags 1 can be mass-produced in factories. On-site operation only requires digging planting pits 2, laying bio-plastic bags 1, planting seedlings 3, and filling substrate 4. No complicated equipment and technology are required, and no manual intervention is needed in the later stage, which greatly reduces construction costs and labor costs.

[0056] 4. Wide range of applications: It is applicable to a variety of plants suitable for growth in arid and desertified land, such as Haloxylon ammodendron, Tamarix chinensis, Date palm, Calligonum mongolicum, Populus euphratica, Populus thunbergii, Eucommia ulmoides, and Cistanche deserticola. In particular, it can be combined with artificial parasitism control technology to improve the parasitism rate and survival rate of medicinal plants such as Cistanche deserticola, and realize the survival of economic crops, medicinal materials, windbreaks and other plants.

[0057] 5. Outstanding comprehensive benefits: This technology can achieve a 30% survival rate for seedlings in a short period of time, exerting ecological benefits such as windbreak and sand fixation and environmental beautification. At the same time, by planting cash crops and medicinal materials such as Cistanche deserticola, it can promote economic growth and increase the income of growers, achieving coordinated development of ecological, economic and social benefits.

[0058] Example 1: A method for transplanting and ensuring the survival of Haloxylon ammodendron in arid and desertified land, which includes the following steps:

[0059] Preparation of S1 Bioplastic Bag 1: Using starch, cellulose, and straw powder from plant fruits as raw materials, the materials are scientifically proportioned and mixed according to the film-forming production bag-making process. Thermoplastic biomaterial preparation technology is adopted. After feeding, polymer design, extrusion granulation, and film forming, a film bag with a thickness of 0.15mm is produced. The bioplastic bag 1 is 80cm high and 40cm in diameter. This bioplastic bag 1 is insoluble in water, sensitive to microorganisms, and can be naturally degraded.

[0060] S2 Planting Pit 2 Excavation: In arid and sandy land with an annual rainfall of 50-350mm, but with a groundwater layer of less than 15 meters, excavate planting pit 2 with a depth of 60cm and a diameter of 35cm, and separate the surface dry sandy soil from the deep soil.

[0061] S3 Bioplastic Bag 1 Installation: Place the prepared bioplastic bag 1 into the planting pit 2, adjust its position so that the opening of the bioplastic bag 1 is 20cm above the edge of the planting pit 2, and the periphery of the bioplastic bag is in full contact with the inner wall of the pit without gaps.

[0062] S4 Seedling 3 Planting and Substrate 4 Filling: Select one-year-old Haloxylon ammodendron seedlings with a ground diameter of 0.8cm and a height of 30cm, remove damaged roots, and place them vertically into bio-plastic bags 1. Fill bio-plastic bags 1 with mixed substrate 4 (organic fertilizer: deep soil: water-retaining gel = 1:8:2). After filling, water with 3L of water to make the moisture content of substrate 4 reach 75% of field capacity.

[0063] Treatment of the opening of S5 bioplastic bag 1 and subsequent growth: Fold the opening of bioplastic bag 1 back and tightly wrap it around the pit to prevent moisture evaporation. No artificial watering or fertilization is needed afterward. After 2 months, the roots of the saxaul seedlings have penetrated the plastic bag, reaching a depth of about 3 meters underground, and the survival rate of seedlings 3 reaches over 95%. After 6 months, bioplastic bag 1 has degraded by 80%, and after 10 months, it has completely degraded without any residue. The saxaul grows vigorously and can naturally utilize groundwater for growth.

[0064] Example 2: A method for ensuring the survival of transplanted mixed red willow and date palm trees, which includes the following steps:

[0065] Preparation of S1 Bioplastic Bag 1: Using starch, straw powder, and fat from plant fruits as the main raw materials, they are mixed according to the bag-making process formula, and thermoplastic biomaterial particles are prepared through high-end equipment. The film is blown into a 0.12mm thick film bag (i.e., bioplastic bag 1). The bioplastic bag 1 is 80cm high and 40cm in diameter, ensuring that the bioplastic bag 1 can be degraded by microorganisms and is insoluble in water.

[0066] S12 Planting Pit 2 Excavation: Planting pit 2 with a depth of 50cm and a diameter of 40cm was excavated. A mixed planting strip of red willow and date palm trees was laid out with a row spacing of 2m and a plant spacing of 1.5m.

[0067] S3 Plastic Bag Installation: Place bio-plastic bags 1 into each planting pit 2, with the opening of the bio-plastic bags 1 extending 30cm above the edge of the pit to ensure isolation.

[0068] S4 Seedling 3 Planting and Substrate 4 Filling: Select red willow and date palm seedlings respectively, plant them in the corresponding bio-plastic bags 1, fill them with mixed substrate 4 (organic fertilizer: deep soil: water-retaining gel = 2:10:0.5), and water each seedling with 3L of water.

[0069] S5 bioplastic bag 1: Bag opening treatment and subsequent growth: The opening of bioplastic bag 1 is wrapped around the pit opening, and no further manual intervention is required. After 2 months, the survival rate of red willow and date palm seedlings reaches over 90%, and the root system begins to penetrate bioplastic bag 1; after 8 months, bioplastic bag 1 is completely degraded, and the red willow and date palm trees penetrate deep into the groundwater layer 1-6 meters underground, forming a stable mixed forest, which plays a good role in windbreak and sand fixation, and can also serve as ecological landscape plants to beautify the environment.

[0070] Example 3: A method for ensuring the survival of Cistanche deserticola transplanted to arid and desertified land, comprising the following steps:

[0071] Preparation of S1 Bioplastic Bag 1: Using starch, straw powder, and fat from plant fruits as the main raw materials, they are mixed according to the bag-making process formula and thermoplastic biomaterial particles are prepared through high-end equipment to make a film bag with a thickness of 0.18mm (i.e., bioplastic bag 1). Bioplastic bag 1 is 100cm high and 50cm in diameter, ensuring that bioplastic bag 1 can be degraded by microorganisms and is insoluble in water.

[0072] S2 Planting Pit 2 Excavation: In arid and desertified land, excavate planting pit 2 with a depth of 50cm and a diameter of 50cm, and simultaneously plant Haloxylon ammodendron as a parasitic host for Cistanche deserticola to ensure that Haloxylon ammodendron grows vigorously.

[0073] S3 Bioplastic Bag 1 Installation: Place bioplastic bag 1 into the planting pit 2, with the opening of bioplastic bag 1 extending 50cm above the edge of the pit. Bioplastic bag 1 should be tightly fitted to the inner wall of the planting pit 2 to isolate the surrounding dry soil.

[0074] S4 Seedling 3 Planting and Substrate 4 Filling: Select healthy Cistanche deserticola seedlings and, using artificial parasitism control techniques, plant the Cistanche deserticola seedlings near the roots of Haloxylon ammodendron in bio-plastic bags 1. Fill in the mixed substrate 4 (organic fertilizer: deep soil: water-retaining gel = 2:8:1), and water with 5L of water to ensure that substrate 4 is fully moistened, thereby improving the parasitism rate of Cistanche deserticola.

[0075] S5 Bag Treatment and Subsequent Growth: The opening of the bioplastic bag 1 was used to wrap the opening of the planting pit 2, requiring no further human intervention. Three months later, the Cistanche deserticola seedlings successfully parasitized, with their roots penetrating the bioplastic bag 1 to a depth of about 2 meters into the groundwater layer. The outdoor parasitism rate reached 72%, and the transplant survival rate exceeded 90%. Eight months later, the bioplastic bag 1 was completely degraded, and the Cistanche deserticola grew well, achieving a dual enhancement of both medicinal and ecological value.

[0076] Of course, the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made to the structure, features and principles described in the claims of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for ensuring the survival of transplanted seedlings in arid and desertified land through directional water and fertilizer retention within bio-plastic bags, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: S1: Preparation of bioplastic bags: Bioplastic bags are made by processing thermoplastic biomaterials into thin film-like bioplastic bags. These bioplastic bags are easily decomposed by microorganisms, insoluble in water, and sensitive to microorganisms and bacteria. S2: Planting pit excavation: Excavate planting pits in arid and sandy afforestation land according to the specifications of the seedlings. The size of the planting pit should match the size of the bioplastic bag prepared in step S1 to ensure that the bioplastic bag can fully contact the inner wall of the planting pit after it is placed in the pit. S3: Deployment of bioplastic bags: Place the bioplastic bags prepared in step S1 into the planting pit dug in step S2, with the height of the bioplastic bags greater than the depth of the planting pit, so that the opening of the bioplastic bags is higher than the edge of the pit, thereby isolating the surrounding dry soil and preventing the surrounding dry soil from taking away water from the roots of the seedlings. S4: Seedling planting and substrate filling. Place the seedlings suitable for growing in arid and sandy land vertically into the bio-plastic bags. Fill the bio-plastic bags with a gel substrate made of organic fertilizer, soil and water-retaining agent mixed in proportion and then watered with an appropriate amount of water to fully moisten the substrate. S5: Treatment of the bioplastic bag opening and subsequent growth: Fold the opening of the bioplastic bag that is protruding from the edge of the planting pit back and wrap it around the opening of the planting pit to prevent the evaporation of water inside the bioplastic bag; after the seedling grows to the point where the root system penetrates the bioplastic bag and reaches the groundwater layer of 0.8-15 meters, artificial intervention can be stopped. The bioplastic bag will gradually decompose under the action of microorganisms in the planting pit and the natural environment.

2. The method for transplanting and ensuring the survival of seedlings in arid and desertified land using bio-plastic bags for directional water and fertilizer retention, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: The thermoplastic biomaterial uses one or more elements from plant fruits, such as starch, cellulose, straw powder, bamboo powder, protein, sugar, and fat, as its main raw materials.

3. The method for transplanting and ensuring the survival of seedlings in arid and desertified land using bio-plastic bags for directional water and fertilizer retention, as described in claim 2, is characterized in that: The material preparation technology of bioplastic bags involves mixing raw materials, grafting polymers, extrusion granulation, and film forming to produce thin film bags of uniform thickness. The thickness of bioplastic bags is 0.01-0.5mm, ensuring that seedling roots can penetrate normally and that they can be naturally degraded by microorganisms.

4. The method for transplanting and ensuring the survival of seedlings in arid and desertified land using bio-plastic bags for directional water and fertilizer retention, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: In step S2, the depth of the planting pit is 30-100cm and the diameter is 3-50cm. The size is adjusted according to the type and specifications of the seedlings to ensure that the seedling roots can spread out normally and that the bio-plastic bag can fit tightly against the pit wall.

5. A method for transplanting and ensuring the survival of seedlings in arid and desertified land using bio-plastic bags with directional water and fertilizer retention, as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: In step S3, the opening of the bioplastic bag is 10-200cm above the edge of the planting pit, ensuring that the bioplastic bag can completely cover the opening of the planting pit after being folded back, effectively preventing water evaporation and conserving moisture.

6. A method for transplanting and ensuring the survival of seedlings in arid and desertified land using bio-plastic bags with directional water and fertilizer retention, as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: In step S4, the mixing ratio of the organic fertilizer, soil and water-retaining agent gel after water fixation is (1-10):(8-60):(0.5-8); the water-retaining agent gel is a gel-like substance after water fixation or a starch-grafted polyacrylamide gel, ensuring that the water and nutrients in the bag can be continuously supplied to the seedlings for 2-3 months (depending on the water requirements of the seedlings).

7. The method for transplanting and ensuring the survival of seedlings in arid and desertified land using bio-plastic bags for directional water and fertilizer retention, as described in claim 6, is characterized in that: In step S4, the appropriate amount of water for irrigation refers to irrigating each seedling with 1-1000L of water so that the substrate moisture content in the bio-plastic bag reaches 50-80% of the field water holding capacity, which meets the initial growth needs of the seedlings.

8. A method for transplanting and ensuring the survival of seedlings in arid and desertified land using bio-plastic bags with directional water and fertilizer retention, as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The seedlings include one or more of the following species suitable for growth in arid and desertified land: Haloxylon ammodendron, Tamarix chinensis, Date palm, Calligonum mongolicum, Populus euphratica, Populus thunbergii, Eucommia ulmoides, and Cistanche deserticola.

9. A method for transplanting and ensuring the survival of seedlings in arid and desertified land using bio-plastic bags with directional water and fertilizer retention, as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: In step S5, the degradation cycle of the bioplastic bag is 2-6 months under microbial conditions, ensuring that the bioplastic bag maintains its complete water and fertilizer retention function before the seedling roots penetrate it.

10. A method for transplanting and ensuring the survival of seedlings in arid and desertified land using bio-plastic bags with directional water and fertilizer retention, as described in claim 8, characterized in that: For seedlings similar to Cistanche deserticola, artificial parasitism control techniques can be combined during transplanting. Suitable parasitic hosts can be selected to improve the parasitism rate and transplant survival rate of Cistanche deserticola, with an outdoor parasitism rate of over 70%.

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