A green and efficient pig breeding method and system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of green and efficient pig breeding method and system, belong to the technical field of animal husbandry breeding.The method of the application includes four steps of preparation, management in the period of nursing and fattening, processing in the period of leaving and cleaning, resource recycling and facility maintenance.By spraying photocatalysis-microorganism composite functional coating on the surface of pig house, combined with AI visual dynamic precise feeding, source reduction is realized;By using bionic electronic nose and ventilation, deodorization system linkage, process intelligent control is realized;By using electrochemical circulating water washing, waste heat coupling biological filter or shared deodorization container, end efficient purification and small and medium field adaptation are realized;Finally, wastewater and waste material are recycled.The application solves the problems of unstable effect, high energy consumption, low intelligent degree, poor adaptability of small and medium field of existing odor control technology, and has the advantages of source reduction precision, process control in situ, end treatment closed loop, operation intelligence and easy popularization of small and medium field.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of animal husbandry technology, specifically to a green and efficient method and system for raising pigs. Background Technology

[0002] Pig farming is an important part of my country's animal husbandry, but the malodorous gases produced during the farming process (mainly including ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, skatole, indole, methanethiol, etc.) have become a major environmental problem restricting the sustainable development of the industry. Existing odor control technologies have the following shortcomings:

[0003] 1. Unstable source reduction effect: Low protein diets and microecological additives are affected by factors such as batch of raw materials and individual differences in pig herds in actual production, resulting in poor reproducibility of effects and difficulty in precise implementation.

[0004] 2. Process control is mostly "transfer" rather than "degradation": Existing indoor deodorizers are mostly adsorption or masking type, which only transfer odors from the gas phase to the liquid or solid phase, without achieving in-situ degradation, and there is a risk of secondary release.

[0005] 3. High energy consumption and secondary pollution in end-of-pipe treatment: wet scrubbing technology consumes a lot of water and produces high-concentration scrubbing wastewater; biological filters experience a sharp drop in treatment efficiency under low-temperature conditions in winter; and advanced oxidation technologies such as ozone pose safety risks.

[0006] 4. Low level of intelligence and lack of linkage control: The existing ventilation, environmental control and deodorization systems operate independently and lack intelligent linkage based on real-time odor concentration, resulting in energy waste or untimely deodorization.

[0007] 5. Small and medium-sized farms lack suitable technologies: Existing solutions are mainly aimed at large-scale farms, while small and medium-sized farms face problems such as high investment thresholds, difficult operation and maintenance technologies, and high equipment failure rates.

[0008] Therefore, there is an urgent need in this field for a farming method that can achieve full-chain odor control, adapt to pig farms of different sizes, and is low-cost and intelligent. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to provide a green and efficient pig farming method and system, which can solve the technical problems of unstable effect, high energy consumption, low level of intelligence and poor adaptability to small and medium-sized farms in the existing odor control technology mentioned above.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a green and efficient pig farming method and system, comprising the following steps:

[0011] Step 1: Preparation for entering the pen. During the empty pen period, spray a photocatalytic-microbial composite functional coating on the inner walls, floor and manure ditch of the pigsty, and deploy intelligent sensing equipment.

[0012] Step 2: Nursery and fattening period management. The diet structure is dynamically adjusted through AI algorithm to achieve individualized and precise feeding. The photocatalytic-microbial composite functional coating is used to degrade odor in the shed in situ under visible light irradiation. The odor concentration is monitored in real time through a bionic electronic nose and linked with the ventilation system and terminal deodorization system for control.

[0013] Step 3: During the slaughter and cleaning period, activate the terminal deodorization system to centrally treat high-concentration odors;

[0014] Step 4: Resource recycling and facility maintenance. Collect nitrogen-rich circulating water and waste filter media generated by the end-of-pipe deodorization system to make organic fertilizer, and maintain the facility.

[0015] Preferably, the photocatalytic-microbial composite functional coating is made by co-immobilizing nano-titanium dioxide and indigenous high-efficiency degrading bacteria through an embedding carrier, and the coating thickness is 1-2 mm; the indigenous high-efficiency degrading bacteria are a mixed community of Pseudomonas and Bacillus enriched and domesticated from pig farm manure.

[0016] Preferably, the visible light is provided by an LED light strip linked to the manure removal system, with a wavelength of 400-500 nm, which is automatically turned on for 30 minutes after manure removal each day.

[0017] Preferably, the specific method for the AI ​​algorithm to dynamically adjust the diet structure is as follows: using fecal color, moisture content and feeding behavior as input features, a correlation model with the concentration of ammonia nitrogen in feces is established. When it is detected that the feces are too thin, yellow in color and the feed intake is reduced, the system automatically increases the amount of fermented feed liquid or functional amino acids supplemented.

[0018] Preferably, the method for linking the bionic electronic nose with the ventilation system and the terminal deodorization system is as follows: when the odor concentration inside the building increases, the ventilation volume of the fan is increased first; when the odor concentration at the air outlet exceeds the set threshold, the terminal deodorization system is automatically started; when the temperature inside the building conflicts with the ventilation demand, the system calculates the optimal deodorization efficiency balance point under the minimum ventilation volume and automatically adjusts the operating parameters.

[0019] Preferably, the end-of-pipe deodorization system is selected from an electrochemical circulating water washing system or a waste heat coupled biological filter system; the electrochemical circulating water washing system includes a washing tower and a circulating water tank, the circulating water tank is modified into an electrochemical reactor, equipped with titanium-based boron-doped diamond electrodes or ruthenium-iridium coated electrodes, and electrolyzes the circulating water under a current density of 50-100 A / m² to achieve in-situ regeneration and zero discharge of the circulating water; the waste heat coupled biological filter system is a vertical flow box type heat preservation structure, filled with biochar-volcanic rock composite filter media, and the bottom is laid with underfloor heating coils to use the waste heat of the pig farm to maintain the internal temperature of the filter at no less than 15°C.

[0020] Preferably, for small and medium-sized farms with a stock of less than 5,000 heads / batch, the terminal deodorization system adopts a shared deodorization container mode, wherein the container integrates two-stage treatment of dual-fluid atomization and microbial filter bed.

[0021] Preferably, the control system adopts an adaptive fuzzy PID control algorithm and integrates a fault self-diagnosis and safety protection module. The adaptive fuzzy PID control algorithm takes the real-time odor concentration deviation E, the deviation change rate ΔE, and the comprehensive operating condition factor W as inputs, and dynamically adjusts the PID control parameters (Kp, Ki, Kd) through a built-in fuzzy rule library to generate feedback control quantities. The fault self-diagnosis and safety protection module monitors the current and torque of the drive device in real time. When the current or torque is detected to continuously exceed the preset threshold, overload protection is triggered and a safe shutdown strategy is executed.

[0022] Preferably, the bionic electronic nose is a metal oxide semiconductor-molecularly imprinted polymer composite sensor chip capable of recognizing ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, methanethiol, and skatole.

[0023] A green and efficient pig farming system for implementing the above method includes:

[0024] Photocatalytic-microbial composite functional coating is applied to the inner walls, floor, and manure ditch surface of pigsties.

[0025] The intelligent sensing module includes a bionic electronic nose sensor node, a multispectral camera, and an individual identification device;

[0026] The central control system is connected to the intelligent sensing module, ventilation system, and terminal deodorization system via signal transmission.

[0027] The end-of-pipe deodorization module is selected from an electrochemical circulating water washing system, a waste heat coupled biological filter system, or a shared deodorization container;

[0028] The resource recycling module is used to collect and treat nitrogen-rich circulating water and waste filter media.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0030] 1. This invention utilizes photocatalytic-microbial composite functional coating technology to degrade odors in situ within the building, achieving a breakthrough from "adsorption and transfer" to "in situ degradation." The average ammonia concentration in the building is reduced by 50-60%, and skatole is reduced by more than 70%, eliminating the need for daily spraying of chemicals.

[0031] 2. This invention achieves dynamic regulation of the diet by combining AI visual recognition with individualized precision feeding, reducing ammonia nitrogen excretion by 25-35% and reducing additive usage costs by 40%, overcoming the shortcomings of traditional formulas that are "accurately designed but inaccurately fed".

[0032] 3. This invention achieves a reduction of deodorization water consumption by more than 90% and zero wastewater discharge through an electrochemical circulating water washing system; and solves the industry problem of efficiency collapse at low temperatures in winter by coupling waste heat with a biological filter, with the ammonia removal rate remaining stable at more than 80%.

[0033] 4. This invention is based on a bionic electronic nose-based "odor control" linkage system, which achieves synergistic optimization of ventilation and deodorization, reduces overall power consumption by 20-30%, and eliminates environmental protection violations.

[0034] 5. This invention reduces the one-time investment in environmental protection facilities for small and medium-sized farms by up to 70% through the shared deodorization container model, solves the technical threshold problem through professional operation and maintenance, and opens up a circular economy closed loop of "fertilizer-based treatment". Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the green and efficient pig farming method of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 2 This is a logic diagram showing the linkage control between the bionic electronic nose and the ventilation and deodorization system of this invention.

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the electrochemical circulating water washing system of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the waste heat coupled biological filter system of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the shared deodorizing container structure of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] Example 1 (Application in large-scale pig farms)

[0042] Please see Figures 1-4 This embodiment is applied to a large-scale pig farm with 10,000 fattening pigs, which are slaughtered in batches.

[0043] Step 1: Preparation for Pen Entry

[0044] After a 7-day empty pen period and routine cleaning and disinfection, a photocatalytic-microbial composite functional coating is evenly sprayed onto the inner walls (below 1.5 meters in height), floor, and inner walls of the manure ditch using a high-pressure airless spraying device. The coating thickness is 1.5 mm. The spraying material consists of nano-titanium dioxide (average particle size 20 nm) and a mixed flora of Pseudomonas and Bacillus enriched and domesticated from the farm's manure (viable count ≥ 1 × 10⁻⁶). 8 A composite colloid (CFU / mL) encapsulated with sodium alginate was prepared. It was cured by natural ventilation and drying for 48 hours.

[0045] Bionic electronic nose nodes (capable of identifying ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, methanethiol, and skatole) were installed at the air outlet, in the middle of the enclosure, and above the manure ditch. Multispectral cameras were installed above the feed troughs, and RFID ear tag readers were installed at the entrances to the enclosures. The central control system was also tested.

[0046] Step Two: Management during the Nursery and Fattening Period

[0047] The rearing cycle is 150 days. The AI ​​dynamic precision feeding system collects fecal images and feeding behavior data daily. When it detects that the feces are too loose, yellowish in color, and the feed intake has decreased, the system automatically replenishes the pen with fermented feed concentrate (lactobacco bacteria ≥1×10⁻⁶) via a smart feeder. 9 500 mL / head / day (CFU / mL) for 3 consecutive days.

[0048] The PCM-coated LED light strip (wavelength 450 nm) automatically turns on for 30 minutes after daily manure cleaning to activate the coating and degrade odors. An electronic nose monitors in real time; when the ammonia concentration inside the shed exceeds 10 ppm, the variable frequency fan speed automatically increases by 30%; when the ammonia concentration at the air outlet exceeds 5 ppm, the terminal electrochemical circulating water washing system is automatically activated.

[0049] Step 3: Handling during the slaughter and clearance period

[0050] One week before slaughter and during the cleaning period, the electrochemical circulating water washing system runs continuously. The circulating water tank is equipped with a BDD electrode with a current density of 80 A / m², electrolyzing for 6 hours daily. The ammonia nitrogen concentration in the circulating water is controlled below 50 mg / L. The system's water consumption is reduced by 92% compared to traditional water washing, and there is no wastewater discharge.

[0051] Step 4: Resource Reuse and Facility Maintenance

[0052] The nitrogen-rich circulating water produced by electrolysis (nitrate nitrogen concentration of approximately 300 mg / L) is diluted 20 times and used for irrigation of surrounding farmland. During the empty pen period, the PCM coating is inspected, and any areas that have peeled off are recoated; the electronic nose sensor is calibrated with standard gas every six months; the BDD electrode is cleaned with 10% citric acid for 30 minutes every three months.

[0053] Effect evaluation: During the feeding cycle of this embodiment, the average ammonia concentration in the shed was 6.2 ppm, which was 58% lower than that of traditional farming; the ammonia concentration at the air outlet was 3.8 ppm, which was lower than the national emission standard; the feed conversion ratio was 2.45, which was 0.12 lower than that of traditional farming; and no environmental complaints were received throughout the entire process.

[0054] Example 2 (Application in small and medium-sized pig farms)

[0055] Based on Example 1, this example further optimizes the configuration of the end-of-pipe deodorization system to meet the needs of small and medium-sized farms.

[0056] This embodiment is applied to small and medium-sized pig farms with 2,000 fattening pigs, sold in batches.

[0057] Step 1: Preparation for Pen Entry

[0058] Same as in Example 1, a PCM coating with a thickness of 1 mm is applied. A simplified version of the intelligent sensing equipment is deployed: an electronic nose is installed only at the air outlet, and a multispectral camera (group monitoring mode) is installed above the material tank; no individual identification device is provided.

[0059] Step Two: Management during the Nursery and Fattening Period

[0060] AI-powered precision feeding employs a group monitoring mode, adjusting feed formulation based on the overall fecal condition of the pen. The PCM coating operates as in Example 1. An electronic nose monitors the odor concentration at the air outlet in real time.

[0061] Step 3: Handling during the slaughter and clearance period

[0062] One week before slaughter, contact a professional service company to arrange for a shared deodorizing container to be delivered to the farm. The container is a standard 20-foot container, integrating a two-stage treatment process of dual-fluid atomization (plant extract) and a microbial filter bed, connected to the pigsty's exhaust vent via a quick-connect hose. The fee is calculated per head of pigs slaughtered, at 4 yuan per head. The service company is responsible for equipment operation, microbial replenishment, and filter media replacement. After slaughter, the service company will transport the container back for maintenance.

[0063] Step 4: Resource Reuse and Facility Maintenance

[0064] Waste filter media is recycled by the service company and composted into organic fertilizer for sale. During periods of inactivity, the PCM coating is inspected and reapplied.

[0065] Effect evaluation: In this embodiment, the odor concentration at the farm boundary of the batches produced was 20 (dimensionless), which is lower than the local emission standard; the one-time investment in environmental protection facilities was 25% of that of traditional equipment, and the operation and maintenance were handled by a professional company, thus solving the technical threshold problem.

[0066] Example 3 (Application in large-scale pig farms in northern China)

[0067] Based on Example 1, this example further optimizes the structure of the end-of-pipe deodorization system to adapt to the low-temperature environment in northern winters.

[0068] This embodiment is applied to a large-scale pig farm in northern China with 8,000 fattening pigs and an average winter temperature of -15℃.

[0069] Steps one and two are the same as in Example 1.

[0070] Step 3: Handling during the slaughter and clearance period

[0071] A waste heat coupled biological filter system is adopted. The filter is a vertical flow box structure with a 10cm thick polyurethane insulation board shell and is filled with biochar-volcanic rock composite filter media (particle size 20-40 mm, filling height 1.2 m). Underfloor heating coils are laid at the bottom of the filter and connected to the cooling water of the pig farm's biogas generator set (water temperature 35-40℃). A temperature feedback controller is installed, which automatically starts the heating circulation pump when the internal temperature of the filter is lower than 15℃.

[0072] During winter operation, when the outdoor temperature is -10℃, the internal temperature of the filter bed is maintained at 16-18℃, the ammonia removal rate is 82%, and the ammonia concentration at the air outlet is 3.2 ppm, which solves the problem of efficiency collapse of traditional biological filters in winter.

[0073] Example 4 (Adaptive Fuzzy PID Control Algorithm)

[0074] Based on Example 1, this example further optimizes the algorithm of the control system to improve the adaptability and robustness of the control.

[0075] The control system employs an adaptive fuzzy PID control algorithm, and the control system is configured as follows:

[0076] (1) Receiving the comprehensive working condition factor W representing the working conditions of the pig house: The operator selects the pig growth stage (nursery period, early fattening period, late fattening period) and seasonal mode (spring, summer, autumn, winter) through the human-machine interface. The control system maps the corresponding working condition coefficient according to the selection. At the same time, the control system reads the temperature and humidity in the pig house in real time and maps them to obtain the environmental coefficient. Then, the comprehensive working condition factor W is calculated according to the weighted formula.

[0077] (2) Fuzzy Reasoning and Parameter Adjustment: The fuzzy controller takes the real-time odor concentration deviation E (E = current concentration - set threshold), the deviation change rate ΔE (ΔE = dE / dt), and the comprehensive operating condition factor W as inputs. Its internal rule base is constructed based on the following core principles:

[0078] When W indicates that the operating condition is stable, the rule base tends to output a set of correction instructions that enhance the integral action and appropriately weaken the derivative action in order to pursue high steady-state accuracy.

[0079] When W indicates that the operating conditions fluctuate significantly, the rule base tends to output a set of correction instructions that greatly enhance the derivative action while weakening the proportional and integral actions, in order to prioritize system stability and suppress oscillations.

[0080] Under any operating condition, the rule base follows the control principle: when the deviation E increases, the proportional action is enhanced for a faster response; when the rate of change of deviation ΔE increases, the derivative action is enhanced to suppress overshoot.

[0081] (3) Parameter update and output: Based on the precise input value, the fuzzy inference engine performs fuzzification, rule evaluation, and defuzzification steps to output the adjustment amounts (ΔKp, ΔKi, ΔKd) of the three PID parameters (Kp, Ki, Kd). The real-time parameters of the PID controller are updated. Then, the updated parameters are used to calculate the deviation E to generate the feedback control quantity.

[0082] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0083] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A green and efficient method for pig farming, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1: Preparation for entering the pen. During the empty pen period, spray a photocatalytic-microbial composite functional coating on the inner walls, floor and manure ditch of the pigsty, and deploy intelligent sensing equipment. Step 2: Nursery and fattening period management. The diet structure is dynamically adjusted through AI algorithm to achieve individualized and precise feeding. The photocatalytic-microbial composite functional coating is used to degrade odor in the shed in situ under visible light irradiation. The odor concentration is monitored in real time through a bionic electronic nose and linked with the ventilation system and terminal deodorization system for control. Step 3: During the slaughter and cleaning period, activate the terminal deodorization system to centrally treat high-concentration odors; Step 4: Resource recycling and facility maintenance. Collect nitrogen-rich circulating water and waste filter media generated by the end-of-pipe deodorization system to make organic fertilizer, and maintain the facility.

2. The green and efficient pig farming method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photocatalytic-microbial composite functional coating is made by co-immobilizing nano-titanium dioxide and indigenous high-efficiency degrading bacteria through an embedding carrier, and the coating thickness is 1-2 mm; the indigenous high-efficiency degrading bacteria are a mixed group of Pseudomonas and Bacillus bacteria enriched and domesticated from pig farm manure.

3. The green and efficient pig farming method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The visible light is provided by an LED light strip linked to the manure removal system. The light strip has a wavelength of 400-500 nm and is automatically turned on for 30 minutes after manure removal each day.

4. The green and efficient pig farming method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific method for the AI ​​algorithm to dynamically adjust the diet structure is as follows: using fecal color, moisture content and feeding behavior as input features, a correlation model with the concentration of ammonia nitrogen in feces is established. When it is detected that the feces are too thin, yellow in color and the feed intake is reduced, the system automatically increases the amount of fermented feed liquid or functional amino acids supplemented.

5. The green and efficient pig farming method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for linking the bionic electronic nose with the ventilation system and the terminal deodorization system is as follows: when the odor concentration inside the building increases, the ventilation volume of the fan is increased first; when the odor concentration at the air outlet exceeds the set threshold, the terminal deodorization system is automatically started; when the temperature inside the building conflicts with the ventilation demand, the system calculates the optimal deodorization efficiency balance point under the minimum ventilation volume and automatically adjusts the operating parameters.

6. The green and efficient pig farming method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The terminal deodorization system is selected from either an electrochemical circulating water washing system or a waste heat coupled biological filter system. The electrochemical circulating water washing system includes a washing tower and a circulating water tank. The circulating water tank is modified into an electrochemical reactor, equipped with titanium-based boron-doped diamond electrodes or ruthenium-iridium coated electrodes. The circulating water is electrolyzed under a current density of 50-100 A / m² to achieve in-situ regeneration and zero discharge of the circulating water. The waste heat coupled biological filter system is a vertical flow box-type heat-insulated structure, filled with biochar-volcanic rock composite filter media, and with underfloor heating coils laid at the bottom to utilize the waste heat from the pig farm to maintain the internal temperature of the filter at no less than 15°C.

7. The green and efficient pig farming method according to claim 1, characterized in that: For small and medium-sized farms with a stock of less than 5,000 heads / batch, the terminal deodorization system adopts a shared deodorization container mode, in which the container integrates two-stage treatment of dual-fluid atomization and microbial filter bed.

8. The green and efficient pig farming method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control system employs an adaptive fuzzy PID control algorithm and integrates a fault self-diagnosis and safety protection module. The adaptive fuzzy PID control algorithm takes the real-time odor concentration deviation E, the deviation change rate ΔE, and the comprehensive operating condition factor W as inputs, and dynamically adjusts the PID control parameters (Kp, Ki, Kd) through a built-in fuzzy rule library to generate feedback control quantities. The fault self-diagnosis and safety protection module monitors the current and torque of the drive device in real time. When the current or torque is detected to continuously exceed the preset threshold, overload protection is triggered and a safe shutdown strategy is executed.

9. A green and efficient pig farming method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biomimetic electronic nose is a metal oxide semiconductor-molecularly imprinted polymer composite sensor that can identify ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, methanethiol, and skatole.

10. A green and efficient pig farming system for implementing the method of any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, include: Photocatalytic-microbial composite functional coating is applied to the inner walls, floor, and manure ditch surface of pigsties. The intelligent sensing module includes a bionic electronic nose sensor node, a multispectral camera, and an individual identification device; The central control system is connected to the intelligent sensing module, ventilation system, and terminal deodorization system via signal transmission. The end-of-pipe deodorization module is selected from an electrochemical circulating water washing system, a waste heat coupled biological filter system, or a shared deodorization container; The resource recycling module is used to collect and treat nitrogen-rich circulating water and waste filter media.

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