In-situ diagenetic glaze tunnel forming apparatus and method
By using a three-stage equipment and an AI adaptive control system, the problems of high energy consumption for soil removal, complex lining, and stuck drills in the construction of underground water conveyance tunnels have been solved, achieving safe, efficient, and low-cost tunnel forming with long service life and unmanned construction capabilities.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ZHENGZHOU ZHENGHUA ENTROPY MACHINE HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-05-24
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-26
AI Technical Summary
Existing underground water conveyance tunnel construction suffers from problems such as high energy consumption for soil removal, complex lining, high cost, and easy drilling jamming, especially in high-temperature construction where equipment is difficult to remove.
The equipment adopts a three-section structure, including a shrinkable extrusion hole-forming section, a shrinkable friction sintering section, and a shrinkable glaze forming section. Combined with an AI adaptive control system, it achieves soil-free, in-situ rock formation and glaze anti-seepage. Through high-pressure compaction, friction sintering, and residual heat glazing, combined with AI adaptive guidance and shrinkage drill retraction, it solves the problem of drill jamming due to thermal expansion and contraction.
It enables safe, efficient, and low-cost tunnel construction, has a long service life and unmanned construction capabilities, and does not jam when the equipment is withdrawn. The glazed layer is seepage-proof and erosion-resistant, and there is no need to transport soil materials outside the construction process.
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of water conservancy engineering and underground trenchless construction technology, specifically relating to a tunnel forming equipment and method with in-situ lithification, glazing, and retractable drilling capability. Background Technology
[0002] Traditional underground water conveyance tunnels typically employ drilling and pipe laying, horizontal directional drilling, shield / TBM, and pipe jacking construction techniques. For example, patent CN201810279485.0 discloses a horizontal directional drilling method that relies on borehole enlargement and pipe pulling to complete pipeline laying, but it suffers from problems such as easy borehole wall collapse, leakage, and the need for pipe materials. Patent ZL202321004167.6 discloses a grout-driven pipe jacking construction method that relies on extrusion to advance the borehole, but it still requires grout removal, lining, and cannot achieve in-situ high-temperature sintering and solidification of the soil. Existing technologies generally suffer from drawbacks such as large soil removal volumes, high costs, the need for lining pipe materials, long construction periods, and the inability to achieve in-situ rock formation. In high-temperature construction scenarios, thermal expansion and contraction can easily lead to borehole shrinkage and equipment jamming, becoming a common technical challenge in the industry. Summary of the Invention
[0003] 3.1 Purpose of the Invention To address the problems of energy consumption in soil removal, complex lining, high cost, and easy drill jamming at high temperatures in existing water conveyance tunnel construction, this invention provides a tunnel forming equipment and method that features no soil removal, in-situ rock formation, glazed surface anti-seepage, shrinkable drill retraction, and AI adaptive control, achieving safe, efficient, low-cost, and long-life construction. 3.2 Technical Solution (1) Equipment structure This equipment consists of a front section that can shrink and extrude to form holes, a middle section that can shrink and friction sinter, a rear section that can shrink and form glaze, and an AI thermal deformation adaptive control system. 1. Shrinkable extrusion into perforated segments It adopts a three- or four-lobed hydraulic retractable conical extrusion head with a working pressure of 15MPa–50MPa. During construction, it expands and compacts the soil, and during retraction, it radially retracts by 30–80mm to form a safety gap. 2. Shrinkable friction sintering section The system employs a multi-layer hydraulic shrink friction sleeve with a rotation speed of 200–1200 r / min. Through friction, it generates a high temperature of 800–1200℃, causing the soil to dehydrate, crystallize, and sinter in situ into rock. 3. Shrinkable glaze forming section A micro flux injection device is installed to use the residual heat of sintering to form a glassy glaze layer on the hole wall, which does not scrape the glaze or cause jamming after shrinkage. 4. AI-based adaptive thermal deformation control system Composed of temperature sensors, pressure sensors, displacement sensors and embedded controllers, it monitors borehole wall temperature and soil shrinkage in real time, automatically calculates the shrinkage stroke and outputs control commands to achieve automatic shrinkage and retraction, preventing drill jamming. (2) Construction method 1. High-pressure compaction: The soil is compacted laterally by static pressure of 15MPa–50MPa without soil discharge or hollowing. 2. Friction sintering: The soil is heated to 800–1200℃ by rotating and friction at 200–1200 r / min, and the soil is lithified in situ. 3. Residual heat glazing: Spraying natural mineral flux to form a smooth, impermeable glaze layer. 4. Adaptive guidance: It travels along the undulations of the formation interface and relies on water pressure to carry water by gravity. 5. Shrinkage and retraction: AI controls the entire machine to shrink radially by 30–80mm for safe withdrawal. 3.3 Beneficial Effects 1. The entire process involves zero soil discharge, zero external transportation, and zero land occupation, resulting in significant energy conservation and consumption reduction. 2. The soil is sintered in situ at high temperature to form rock, eliminating the need for lining or pipes. 3. The glaze layer is waterproof, erosion-resistant, scale-free, and has a lifespan of over 100 years. 4. The three-section retractable structure completely solves the problem of drill jamming due to thermal expansion and contraction. 5. AI adaptive control enables unmanned, long-distance, and ground-based construction. 3.4. Detailed Implementation Construction of an underground water conveyance tunnel in a mountainous river channel, with the stratum being silty clay and a designed borehole diameter of Φ600mm. 1. The extruded hole section is opened up and pushed forward with static pressure of 25MPa to compact the soil laterally. 2. The friction sleeve rotates at 600 r / min and heats up to 950℃, causing the soil to sinter into rock. 3. In the glazing stage, a feldspar-based flux is sprayed to form a smooth glaze layer. 4. AI monitors temperature in real time and controls the entire machine to shrink by 50mm before cooling. 5. The equipment was successfully withdrawn, and the walls of the formed holes were smooth, dense, and leak-free.
Claims
1. An in-situ diagenetic glazing tunnel forming device, characterized in that, include: Shrinkable extrusion pore-forming section, shrinkable friction sintering section, shrinkable glaze forming section, and AI thermal deformation adaptive control system; The extrusion pore-forming section can shrink radially; the friction sintering section can rotate to generate heat and shrink radially; the glaze forming section can spray flux and shrink; the AI system can control the shrinkage of the equipment according to the temperature and shrinkage amount, realizing free advance and retreat.
2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The extrusion hole-forming section has a hydraulic flap-type shrinkage structure with a shrinkage stroke of 30–80 mm.
3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The friction sintering section operates at a speed of 200–1200 r / min and a heat generation temperature of 800–1200℃.
4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The working pressure of the extrusion hole forming section is 15MPa–50MPa.
5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The AI system includes temperature, pressure, and displacement sensors, as well as an embedded controller.
6. A method for forming in-situ diagenetic glazed tunnels, characterized in that, include: High-pressure static compaction of soil, without soil removal during hole formation; Rotational friction generates heat, causing the soil to sinter in situ into rock; Flux is sprayed to form a glaze layer using residual heat; AI controls the overall machine shrinkage based on thermal expansion and contraction, ensuring safe retraction of the drill.
7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Extrusion pressure 15MPa–50MPa, sintering temperature 800–1200℃.
8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The shrinkage amount is 30–80 mm, which can prevent the drill from getting stuck in the cooling hole.
9. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that... It is applicable to the construction of subway tunnels, vehicular tunnels, and underground integrated pipeline corridors in urban soft soil layers.