Side-blown furnace and metallurgical system

Abstract

This application discloses a side-blown furnace, including a hearth, a furnace body, and a furnace top. The hearth has a cavity; the furnace body is located at the top of the hearth and also has a cavity; the furnace top is located at the top of the furnace body; the cavity includes an upper cavity and a lower cavity that are interconnected, and the cavity includes a primary air zone and a flue gas zone that are interconnected. The upper cavity is connected to the primary air zone, and the width l1 of the primary air zone, the width l2 of the upper cavity, and the width l3 of the lower cavity satisfy: l2 > l3 and l2 > l1. Because the width of the upper cavity is greater than the width of the primary air zone, the primary air introduced into the primary air zone reduces the agitation and scouring of the upper cavity sidewalls, slows down the damage rate of the sidewalls, and extends the service life of the side-blown furnace. Simultaneously, because the width of the lower cavity is smaller than the width of the upper cavity, the flow rate of the melt is accelerated, thereby accelerating the heat exchange rate of the melt to maintain thermal balance within the cavity and prevent excessive condensation at the bottom of the cavity. This application also discloses a metallurgical system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of metallurgical equipment technology, specifically relating to a side-blown furnace and metallurgical system. Background Technology

[0002] A side-blown furnace is a fixed rectangular furnace. The main structure consists of a hearth, furnace body, furnace roof, primary tuyeres, secondary tuyeres, and flue. The hearth includes the furnace walls and a cavity within them. Oxygen-enriched air is blown into the furnace from the primary tuyeres on both sides. This intensely agitates the melt, causing turbulent flow throughout the molten material. This facilitates the rapid and uniform distribution of the added material within the melt, producing copper matte and slag. The copper matte is discharged under pressure via a siphon or overflow, while the slag overflows.

[0003] Currently, the hearth of a side-blown furnace is cylindrical, and the inner wall of the hearth needs to be lined with refractory bricks. When oxygen-enriched air is blown in through the primary tuyeres to agitate the melt, it stirs and erodes the sidewalls of the hearth, causing severe damage to the sidewalls and affecting the service life of the side-blown furnace. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this application is that the inner wall of the furnace hearth in the existing side-blown furnace is easily eroded by agitation, which affects the service life of the side-blown furnace. In order to solve this technical problem, a side-blown furnace and metallurgical system with a longer service life is provided.

[0005] The technical solution proposed in this application is as follows: A side-blown furnace, comprising: The furnace hearth has a cavity; The furnace body is located at the top of the furnace cylinder and has a furnace cavity; The furnace top is located at the top of the furnace body; The cylinder cavity includes an upper cavity and a lower cavity that are interconnected. The furnace cavity includes a primary air zone and a flue gas zone that are interconnected. The upper cavity is connected to the primary air zone. The width l1 of the primary air zone, the width l2 of the upper cavity, and the width l3 of the lower cavity satisfy: l2 > l3 and l2 > l1.

[0006] In the side-blown furnace described above, because the width of the upper cavity is greater than the width of the primary air zone, the primary air introduced into the primary air zone reduces the agitation and erosion of the upper cavity sidewalls, slowing down the rate of damage to the sidewalls and extending the service life of the side-blown furnace. Simultaneously, when the melt rotates under the influence of the primary air, the width of the lower cavity is smaller than the upper cavity, resulting in a faster melt flow rate. This accelerates the heat exchange rate of the melt, maintaining thermal balance within the cavity and preventing excessive crusting at the bottom of the cavity.

[0007] Furthermore, the width l1 of the primary air zone and the width l3 of the lower cavity satisfy: l1≥l3.

[0008] Furthermore, the width l1 of the primary air zone, the width l2 of the upper cavity, and the width l3 of the lower cavity satisfy the following conditions: 400mm≤l2-l1≤2000mm and 0mm≤l1-l3≤1200mm.

[0009] Furthermore, the furnace hearth includes a base and a side portion, the side portion being disposed on the base, the base being a refractory brick assembly, and the side portion being a water jacket structure.

[0010] Furthermore, both the furnace body and the furnace top are water jacket structures.

[0011] Furthermore, the water jacket structure is a composite water jacket.

[0012] Furthermore, the furnace body has multiple primary air inlets, all of which are connected to the primary air zone.

[0013] Furthermore, the furnace body includes a first vertical section, a first inclined section, a second inclined section, and a second vertical section arranged sequentially from bottom to top. The first vertical section is connected to the furnace cylinder, and the second vertical section is connected to the furnace top.

[0014] Furthermore, the height h of the cylinder cavity is 1100-1600mm.

[0015] A metallurgical system comprising the aforementioned side-blown furnace.

[0016] In summary, the side-blown furnace and metallurgical system provided in this application have at least the following advantages: 1. The width of the upper cavity of the cylinder is greater than the width of the primary air zone. After the primary air is blown into the primary air zone, it can reduce the agitation and scouring of the primary air on the side wall of the upper cavity, slow down the damage rate of the side wall, and extend the service life of the side-blown furnace.

[0017] 2. The width of the lower cavity of the cylinder is smaller than that of the upper cavity, which increases the flow rate of the melt, thereby accelerating the heat exchange rate of the melt, maintaining the thermal balance in the cylinder, and preventing excessive slagging at the bottom of the cylinder.

[0018] 3. The side of the furnace hearth adopts a water jacket structure, which is protected by slag hanging during operation, which can further reduce the scouring of the upper cavity side wall by primary air and extend the service life.

[0019] 4. The sides of the furnace hearth, furnace body, and furnace top all adopt a water jacket structure, which simplifies the overall structure, reduces the failure rate and maintenance difficulty, thereby reducing maintenance costs. It also makes the heat dissipation of the side-blown furnace more uniform and the thermal balance more stable, further reducing bottom slagging. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings are provided to further understand this application and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of this application to explain this application and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a side-blown furnace provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0022] Label Explanation: 110. Hearth; 111. Cylinder cavity; 1111. Upper cavity; 1112. Lower cavity; 112. Base; 113. Side; 120. Furnace body; 121. Furnace cavity; 1211. Primary air zone; 1212. Flue gas zone; 122. Primary air inlet; 123. First vertical section; 124. First inclined section; 125. Second inclined section; 126. Second vertical section; 130. Furnace top. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0024] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0025] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0026] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0027] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0028] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0029] In existing side-blown furnaces, the sidewalls of the cylinder cavity are easily subjected to agitation and erosion, resulting in severe damage to the sidewalls and affecting the service life of the furnace. To address this problem, this application provides, on the one hand, a side-blown furnace that effectively reduces the agitation and erosion of the cylinder cavity sidewalls, thereby slowing down the damage rate and extending the furnace's service life. On the other hand, this application provides a metallurgical system that includes a side-blown furnace and other process equipment.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment, the side-blown furnace includes a hearth 110, a furnace body 120, and a furnace top 130. The furnace body 120 is disposed on top of the hearth 110, and the furnace top 130 is disposed on top of the furnace body 120. The hearth 110 has a cylinder cavity 111, and the furnace body 120 has a furnace cavity 121. The cylinder cavity 111 includes an upper cavity 1111 and a lower cavity 1112 that are interconnected, and the furnace cavity 121 includes a primary air zone 1211 and a flue gas zone 1212 that are interconnected.

[0031] The width (internal net width) l1 of the primary air zone 1211, the width l2 of the upper cavity 1111, and the width l3 of the lower cavity 1112 satisfy: l2 > l1 and l2 > l3.

[0032] In the side-blown furnace described above, since the width of the upper cavity 1111 of the cylinder cavity 111 is greater than the width of the primary air zone 1211, the primary air entering the primary air zone 1211 reduces the agitation and scouring of the sidewalls of the upper cavity 1111 by the primary air, slowing down the rate of damage to the sidewalls and extending the service life of the side-blown furnace. Simultaneously, when the melt rotates under the influence of the primary air, the width of the lower cavity 1112 of the cylinder cavity 111 is smaller than the width of the upper cavity 1111, resulting in a faster flow rate of the melt. This accelerates the heat exchange rate of the melt, maintaining thermal balance within the cylinder cavity 111 and preventing excessive crusting at the bottom of the cylinder cavity 111.

[0033] In one embodiment, the width l1 of the primary air zone 1211 and the width l3 of the lower cavity 1112 satisfy: l1 ≥ l3. Preferably, the width l1 of the primary air zone 1211, the width l2 of the upper cavity 1111, and the width l3 of the lower cavity 1112 satisfy: 400mm ≤ l2 - l1 ≤ 2000mm and 0mm ≤ l1 - l3 ≤ 1200mm.

[0034] In one embodiment, the height h of the cylinder cavity 111 is 1100-1600 mm. Preferably, the height h of the cylinder cavity 111 is 1300 mm.

[0035] In one embodiment, the hearth 110 includes a base 112 and a side portion 113. The side portion 113 is disposed on the base 112 and forms a cavity 111 on the base 112. The base 112 is a refractory brick assembly, and the side portion 113 is a water jacket structure. In this embodiment, during the operation of the side-blown furnace, the molten material naturally adheres to the inner wall of the water jacket, forming a solid slag layer, i.e., slag adhering to the inner wall of the water jacket, which protects the water jacket structure. Compared to the existing method of stacking refractory bricks on the side wall of the cavity 111, the hearth 110 in this embodiment can effectively reduce costs and further extend the service life of the side-blown furnace.

[0036] It should be explained that the existing sidewall of the cylinder cavity 111 is constructed with refractory bricks, which are more susceptible to damage than a water jacket structure when primary air is introduced. Therefore, by designing the side 113 as a water jacket structure and protecting it with slag hanging, even if the solid slag layer is washed away, it will reform during operation, further extending the service life of the side-blown furnace. Specifically, with refractory bricks, the service life of a side-blown furnace is typically 1-3 years. Using the structure in this embodiment, it is expected that the service life of the side-blown furnace can be increased to more than 10 years.

[0037] In one embodiment, both the furnace body 120 and the furnace top 130 are water-jacketed structures. It is understood that during operation, the inner wall of the side-blown furnace can achieve self-protection through slag adhesion. Furthermore, the water-jacketed structure of the furnace body 120 and the furnace top 130 simplifies the overall structure, reduces the failure rate and maintenance difficulty, and also makes the heat dissipation of the side-blown furnace more uniform, the thermal balance more stable, and further reduces bottom slagging.

[0038] Optionally, the water jacket structures described above are all composite water jackets. For example, copper-steel composite water jackets.

[0039] In one embodiment, the furnace body 120 has multiple primary air inlets 122, all of which are connected to the primary air zone 1211. Specifically, multiple primary air inlets 122 are provided on both sides of the furnace body 120, and the multiple primary air inlets 122 on each side are arranged at intervals along the length of the side-blown furnace.

[0040] In one embodiment, the furnace body 120 includes a first vertical section 123, a first inclined section 124, a second inclined section 125, and a second vertical section 126 arranged sequentially from bottom to top. The first vertical section 123 is connected to the furnace hearth 110, and the second vertical section 126 is connected to the furnace top 130. As can be seen from the above embodiments, the first vertical section 123, the first inclined section 124, the second inclined section 125, and the second vertical section 126 are all water-jacket structures. Furthermore, in other embodiments, the first inclined section 124 and the second inclined section 125 can be integrally formed, and their inclinations can be the same, thus constituting a single inclined section. Specifically... Figure 1 In the embodiment shown, the primary air outlet 122 is located in the first vertical section 123, and the primary air zone 1211 corresponds to the first vertical section 123.

[0041] In summary, the side-blown furnace and metallurgical system provided in this application have at least the following advantages: 1. The width of the upper cavity 1111 of the cylinder cavity 111 is greater than the width of the primary air zone 1211. After the primary air is blown into the primary air zone 1211, the agitation and scouring of the primary air on the side wall of the upper cavity 1111 can be reduced, the damage rate of the side wall can be slowed down, and the service life of the side-blown furnace can be extended.

[0042] 2. The width of the lower cavity 1112 of the cylinder cavity 111 is smaller than the width of the upper cavity 1111, which increases the flow rate of the melt, thereby accelerating the heat exchange rate of the melt, maintaining the thermal balance in the cylinder cavity 111, and preventing excessive slag formation at the bottom of the cylinder cavity 111.

[0043] 3. The side 113 of the furnace hearth 110 adopts a water jacket structure, which is protected by slag hanging during operation, which can further reduce the scouring of the upper cavity 1111 side wall by primary air and extend service life.

[0044] 4. The side 113 of the hearth 110, the furnace body 120 and the furnace top 130 all adopt a water jacket structure, which simplifies the overall structure, reduces the failure rate and maintenance difficulty, thereby reducing maintenance costs. In addition, it can make the heat dissipation of the side-blown furnace more uniform and the heat balance more stable, further reducing the bottom slagging.

[0045] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A side-blown furnace, characterized in that include: The furnace hearth has a cavity; The furnace body is located at the top of the furnace cylinder and has a furnace cavity; The furnace top is located at the top of the furnace body; The cylinder cavity includes an upper cavity and a lower cavity that are interconnected. The furnace cavity includes a primary air zone and a flue gas zone that are interconnected. The upper cavity is connected to the primary air zone. The width l1 of the primary air zone, the width l2 of the upper cavity, and the width l3 of the lower cavity satisfy: l2 > l3 and l2 > l1.

2. The side-blown furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that The width l1 of the primary air zone and the width l3 of the lower cavity satisfy: l1≥l3.

3. The side-blown furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that, The width l1 of the primary air zone, the width l2 of the upper cavity, and the width l3 of the lower cavity satisfy the following conditions: 400mm≤l2-l1≤2000mm and 0mm≤l1-l3≤1200mm.

4. The side-blown furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The furnace hearth includes a base and a side section, the side section being disposed on the base, the base being a refractory brick assembly, and the side section being a water jacket structure.

5. The side burner as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that Both the furnace body and the furnace top are water jacket structures.

6. The side burner as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that The water jacket structure is a composite water jacket.

7. The side-blown furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The furnace body has multiple primary air inlets, and all of the primary air inlets are connected to the primary air zone.

8. The side burner as claimed in claim 1, wherein The furnace body includes a first vertical section, a first inclined section, a second inclined section, and a second vertical section arranged sequentially from bottom to top. The first vertical section is connected to the furnace cylinder, and the second vertical section is connected to the furnace top.

9. The side-blown furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height h of the cylinder cavity is 1100-1600mm.

10. A metallurgical system, characterized in that, Includes the side-blown furnace as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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