A building material product life cycle carbon footprint assessment system and method

Abstract

This invention provides a technology related to green evaluation of building materials products, specifically a system and method for assessing the carbon footprint of building materials products throughout their entire life cycle. The method for assessing the carbon footprint of building materials products throughout their entire life cycle includes carbon emissions from raw material acquisition, production and processing, transportation and distribution, use and consumption to final disposal. It transforms vague environmental impacts into measurable and comparable data indicators, and also considers carbon emissions indirectly avoided during the use of building materials products, making the carbon footprint assessment of building materials products more scientific and objective, and helping to clearly identify high-emission parts in the supply chain.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of green evaluation technology for building materials products, specifically to a system and method for assessing the carbon footprint of building materials products throughout their entire life cycle. Background Technology

[0002] With the advancement of whole-life-cycle low-carbon management and green manufacturing systems, assessing the carbon emissions of building materials is particularly important for low-carbon emission reduction in the building materials industry. Accurate and scientific carbon emission accounting for building materials also contributes to the certification of green and low-carbon building materials.

[0003] CN101582154A discloses a method for evaluating the greenness of building components and an evaluation device using this method. The method includes the following steps: conducting market research and literature review to classify commonly used building components; using the WBS method to decompose evaluation indicators layer by layer, establishing a green building component evaluation indicator system, and collecting and calculating the original data of typical building components to establish a building component information database; inputting the data information of the building components to be evaluated; adjusting and modifying the indicator weights, i.e., judging whether to adjust the relevant content based on industry standard data, and determining the weights of the greenness evaluation indicators of building components; establishing and calling the indicator utility function; evaluating the greenness of the building components to be evaluated; obtaining the evaluation results, and saving the evaluation results as data.

[0004] CN106845871A discloses a green product evaluation method for sintered blocks based on life cycle assessment. This method comprehensively evaluates the environmental impact of sintered block products during ore mining, transportation, and block production, considering aspects such as resource consumption, energy consumption, and pollutant emissions. It also conducts contribution analysis and sensitivity analysis on the life cycle assessment results to identify the significant environmental impact damage types of sintered block products throughout their entire life cycle. Based on this, a green product evaluation method and indicator system for sintered blocks are constructed, covering resources, energy, and environment as primary indicators. The weights of each indicator in the evaluation indicator system are determined using the target distance method, and the weights of resource, energy, and environmental attribute indicators are obtained through sensitivity calculations.

[0005] The above methods rely on expert information and self-constructed evaluation indicators, which can easily lead to errors. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a system and method for assessing the carbon footprint of building materials throughout their entire life cycle. It transforms vague environmental impacts into measurable and comparable data indicators, calculating carbon emissions throughout the entire process from raw material acquisition, production and processing, transportation and distribution, consumption to final disposal. This objectively evaluates the carbon footprint of building materials throughout their life cycle and clearly identifies high-emission segments in the supply chain.

[0007] The present invention achieves the above-mentioned technical objectives through the following technical means.

[0008] A method for assessing the carbon footprint of building materials throughout their entire life cycle, characterized in that,

[0009] S1. On-site / Primary Data Collection: Collect data on materials, energy consumption, transportation methods and distances, and recycling methods throughout the entire life cycle of building materials products, including manufacturing, transportation and distribution, use, and end of life.

[0010] S2. Obtain secondary data, including the acquisition of basic material and basic energy data;

[0011] S3. Carbon footprint accounting of building materials products throughout their entire life cycle:

[0012] The carbon footprint of building materials throughout their entire life cycle is calculated according to formula (1):

[0013] ....................................(1)

[0014] In formula (1):

[0015] E GHG — Carbon footprint of building materials products, in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per functional unit (kgCO2e / functional unit).

[0016] E i —The greenhouse gas emissions of each functional unit of product at each stage of its life cycle, in kilograms per functional unit (kg / functional unit), and the calculation method is shown in Equation (2).

[0017] GWP i —GWP value of type i greenhouse gas;

[0018] L—Reference service life of building materials, in years;

[0019] .................(2)

[0020] In formula (2):

[0021] E A1,i —The i-th type greenhouse gas emissions per functional unit of product during the raw material acquisition and production stages, expressed in kilograms per square functional unit ( / functional unit).

[0022] E A2,i —The i-th type greenhouse gas emissions per functional unit of product during the raw material transportation to the factory stage, in kilograms per functional unit (kg / functional unit).

[0023] E A3,i —The i-th type greenhouse gas emissions per functional unit of product during the product manufacturing stage, expressed in kilograms per square meter (kg / functional unit).

[0024] E A4-A5,i —The i-th type greenhouse gas emissions per functional unit of product during transportation and distribution, expressed in kilograms per functional unit (kg / functional unit).

[0025] E B,i —The i-th type greenhouse gas emissions per functional unit of product during the product use phase, expressed in kilograms per square meter (kg / functional unit).

[0026] E UU —The carbon emissions indirectly avoided during the use of building materials with thermal insulation function per functional unit, expressed in kilograms of carbon dioxide per functional unit (kgCO2 / functional unit).

[0027] E c —The i-th type greenhouse gas emissions per functional unit of product at the end of its life, expressed in kilograms per functional unit (kg / functional unit).

[0028] Furthermore, the emissions of type i greenhouse gases per functional unit product during the raw material acquisition and production stages are calculated according to formula (3):

[0029] ………………………………(3)

[0030] In formula (3):

[0031] M 1,j —The consumption of the j-th type of raw material per functional unit of product, the unit depending on the type of raw material, is expressed in kilograms of functional units (kg / functional unit) or cubic meters per functional unit (m³). 3 / functional unit);

[0032] P A1,j.,i —The greenhouse gas emission factor obtained from the j-th raw material, the unit depends on the raw material / type, taking carbon dioxide as an example: the unit is kilogram carbon dioxide equivalent per kilogram or kilogram carbon dioxide equivalent per cubic meter (kgCO2e / kg or kgCO2e / m³). 3 ); the j-th raw material / the i-th greenhouse gas emission factor P obtained A1,j.,i Calculate according to formula (4):

[0033] ………………………………………(4)

[0034] In equation (4):

[0035] Q t,j —The consumption of the t-th basic raw material of the j-th raw material per functional unit of product, the unit depending on the type of raw material, such as kilogram functional unit (kg / functional unit) or cubic meter per functional unit (m³). 3 / functional unit);

[0036] F t,j.,i —The carbon footprint factor of the i-th raw material obtained from the j-th raw material and the t-th raw material, the unit depends on the type of raw material, such as kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per kilogram or kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per cubic meter (kgCO2e / kg or kgCO2e / m³). 3 ).

[0037] Furthermore, the emissions of type i greenhouse gases during the raw material transportation to the factory are calculated according to equation (5):

[0038] ………………… (5)

[0039] D 2,j,k —The transportation distance of the j-th material using the k-th transportation method, in kilometers (km);

[0040] TEF i,,k —The greenhouse gas emission factor of the i-th type of transportation mode, in kilograms per ton per kilometer [kg / (t·km)].

[0041] Furthermore, the emissions of type i greenhouse gases per functional unit of product during the product manufacturing stage, including the acquisition and combustion of energy consumed in production, are calculated according to equation (6):

[0042] ......(6)

[0043] In equation (6),

[0044] M A3,r —The consumption of the r-th type of energy per functional unit of product, expressed in kilograms per functional unit (kg / functional unit) or cubic meters per functional unit (m³). 3 / functional unit);

[0045] P A3,r,i —The emission factor of the i-th greenhouse gas during the acquisition of the r-th energy source, with units depending on the type of energy, such as kilograms per kilogram (kg / kg) or kilograms per cubic meter (kg / m³). 3 );

[0046] D 3,r,k —The transportation distance of the rth type of fossil fuel using the kth transportation method, in kilometers (km).

[0047] FC A3,r — Consumption of the rth type of fuel per functional unit of product, in gigajoules (GJ / functional unit).

[0048] NCV A3,r —The lower heating value of the rth fossil fuel, expressed in gigajoules per ton (GJ / t) or per 10,000 standard cubic meters (GJ / 10⁻⁶). 4 Nm 3 ;)

[0049] CC 3,r —The carbon content per unit calorific value of the rth fossil fuel, expressed in tons of carbon per gigajoules (tC / GJ);

[0050] OF 3,r —The carbon oxidation rate of the r-th fossil fuel, in % .

[0051] Furthermore, the Class i greenhouse gas emissions per functional unit of building material product during transportation and distribution, including greenhouse gas emissions from product transportation and the consumption of auxiliary materials during installation, are calculated according to formula (7):

[0052] ………(7)

[0053] In equation (7):

[0054] M A4-A5 —The transport weight of building materials is expressed in tons per functional unit (t / functional unit).

[0055] D 4-5 , k —The transportation distance of the kth mode of transportation for building materials, in kilometers (km);

[0056] M FZ,n — The consumption of the nth type of auxiliary material during the installation process, expressed in kilograms per functional unit (kg / functional unit) or cubic meters per functional unit (m³). 3 / functional unit);

[0057] EF A4-A5,i.,n —The greenhouse gas emission factor of the i-th type during the acquisition of the n-th auxiliary material, expressed in kilograms per kilogram or kilograms per cubic meter (kg / kg or kg / m³). 3 ), obtain by pressing (8):

[0058] ………………………… (8)

[0059] Q t,n—The consumption of the t-th basic material for the nth auxiliary material per functional unit of product, the unit depends on the type of raw material, such as kilogram functional unit (kg / functional unit) or cubic meter per functional unit (m³). 3 / functional unit);

[0060] F t,j.,i —The i-th carbon footprint factor obtained from the t-th basic material of the n-th auxiliary material, the unit depends on the type of raw material, such as kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per kilogram or kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per cubic meter (kgCO2e / kg or kgCO2e / m³). 3 ).

[0061] Furthermore, the emissions of type i greenhouse gases per functional unit of product during the product use phase are calculated according to equation (9):

[0062] ……………………………………………(9)

[0063] In equation (9):

[0064] M B,s — The consumption of the s-th type of material per functional unit during the use phase. The unit depends on the type of raw material, such as kilograms per functional unit (kg / functional unit).

[0065] CEF B,i.,s — The carbon footprint factor of the i-th greenhouse gas obtained from the s-th material / energy source, in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per functional unit (kgCO2e / functional unit).

[0066] The carbon footprint factor (CEF) of the i-th greenhouse gas obtained from the s-th material / energy source. B,i.,s Calculate according to formula 10:

[0067] ………………………………………(10)

[0068] In the formula:

[0069] M t,s — The consumption of the tth basic material of the sth type of material or energy during the use phase of each functional unit of product. The unit depends on the type of raw material, for example, kilograms per functional unit (kg / functional unit).

[0070] CEF t,i.,s —The carbon footprint factor of the i-th greenhouse gas obtained from the t-th basic material of the s-th material / energy, in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per functional unit (kgCO2e / functional unit).

[0071] Furthermore, the greenhouse gas emissions of type i per functional unit of product at the end of its life, including greenhouse gases generated from the transportation, disposal (e.g., incineration, landfill) and recycling of waste products, are calculated according to equation (11):

[0072] … (11)

[0073] In equation (11):

[0074] M c,g —The transport weight of the g-th type of waste, in tons (t);

[0075] D c,g,k —The transportation distance of the g-th type of waste using the k-th mode of transportation, in kilometers (km);

[0076] V g,L —The disposal volume of waste type g using disposal method L, in tons (t);

[0077] CF g,L — The carbon footprint factor of waste type g and disposal method L, in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per functional unit (kgCO2e / functional unit).

[0078] E D Greenhouse gas emissions from raw material acquisition and production shared by the functional unit recyclable metal plate (benefits and loads outside the system boundary), calculated according to (12):

[0079] ...........................(12)

[0080] In equation (12):

[0081] R D —Recycling rate, the recycling rate of recycled waste metal sheets (product recycling rate × metal sheet recycling rate), in percentages; the national or global average recycling rate of each metal sheet can be found in industry statistics.

[0082] A—Distribution coefficient (taken as 0.5);

[0083] Q—The quality correction factor of the recycled metal sheet relative to the virgin metal sheet (range: 0.2-0.8).

[0084] W D — The amount of nascent metal plate replaced, in kilograms (kg).

[0085] CEF D —The carbon footprint factor of the nascent metal plate, expressed in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per functional unit (kgCO2e / functional unit).

[0086] Furthermore, the selection of carbon footprint factors for nascent metal plates should follow the priority order as follows: carbon footprint factors published by the state or recommended by relevant competent authorities, reports verified by third-party institutions, commercial databases, literature / research reports / industry statistics, and similar technical data from abroad.

[0087] The building materials product lifecycle carbon footprint assessment system based on the aforementioned building materials product lifecycle carbon footprint assessment method is characterized by comprising:

[0088] A database is used to store secondary data;

[0089] The data acquisition module collects and records data on materials, energy consumption, transportation methods and distances, and recycling methods throughout the entire life cycle of building materials products, including manufacturing, transportation and distribution, use, and end of life.

[0090] The computing unit uses data collected by the database and data acquisition module to calculate the carbon footprint of building materials products throughout their entire life cycle.

[0091] Furthermore, it also includes an assessment module, based on the calculations performed by the computing unit during the calculation of the carbon footprint of building materials throughout their entire lifecycle. This allows us to obtain the direct contribution, cumulative contribution, and contribution rate of carbon emissions at each stage of the entire life cycle of building materials products.

[0092] The significant advantage of this invention lies in transforming the originally vague and qualitative environmental impact of building materials throughout their entire life cycle into measurable, comparable, and verifiable quantitative data indicators. This allows for the objective identification of high-emission nodes in the supply chain, providing a basis for emission reduction and improvement measures.

[0093] This invention achieves a breakthrough in assessment boundaries in two dimensions, covering the entire process from "cradle" to "grave" (raw material acquisition - production - transportation - use - waste disposal), and incorporating indirectly avoided carbon emissions, which greatly improves the completeness and logical consistency of carbon footprint analysis. In particular, for green building materials, their environmental performance can be fully demonstrated.

[0094] This invention has high regional adaptability and can effectively solve the problem of carbon footprint differences in the building materials industry caused by uneven regional development, significantly improving the scientific level and application value of carbon footprint assessment of building materials products.

[0095] In summary, the carbon footprint assessment method for building materials throughout their entire life cycle, as described in this invention, transforms vague environmental impacts into measurable and comparable data indicators. By calculating the carbon emissions of a product throughout its entire life cycle, from raw material acquisition, production and processing, transportation and distribution, consumption, to final disposal, it objectively evaluates the carbon footprint of building materials and clearly identifies high-emission segments in the supply chain. Furthermore, this assessment method comprehensively considers not only the carbon emissions of basic raw materials during the raw material acquisition process but also the carbon emissions indirectly avoided during the use of building materials, making the carbon footprint assessment of building materials more scientific and objective. Attached Figure Description

[0096] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the carbon footprint assessment method for the entire life cycle of building materials products described in this invention.

[0097] Figure 2 This is a system boundary diagram for the entire life cycle of low-carbon building materials products. Detailed Implementation

[0098] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0099] like Figure 1 As shown, the method for assessing the carbon footprint of building materials throughout their entire life cycle according to the present invention includes the following steps:

[0100] S1. On-site / Primary Data Collection: Collect data on materials, energy consumption, transportation methods and distances, and recycling methods throughout the entire life cycle of building materials products, including manufacturing, transportation and distribution, use, and end of life.

[0101] S2. Obtain secondary data, including the acquisition of basic materials, auxiliary materials, and basic energy data.

[0102] Figure 2 This is a system boundary diagram for the entire life cycle of building materials products, including A1~A3 manufacturing stages, A4~A5 transportation and distribution stages, B1~B7 usage stages, C end-of-life stage, and D benefits and loads outside the system boundary. Specifically, the following data will be collected during the data collection process:

[0103] a) In the A1 raw material acquisition and production stage, collect carbon footprint factors of raw material acquisition and production;

[0104] b) During the A2 raw material transportation to the factory stage, collect the transportation methods of raw materials and auxiliary materials, the transportation weight of each transportation method, the mileage of each transportation method, and the carbon footprint factor of different transportation methods;

[0105] c) During the manufacturing stage of A3 products, collect data on the consumption of raw and auxiliary materials, the consumption of energy such as diesel, electricity, steam, and natural gas, the output of products, the carbon footprint factors of the production stage of energy acquisition such as diesel, electricity, steam, and natural gas, and the greenhouse gas emission factors of the combustion process of energy such as diesel and natural gas.

[0106] d) A4-A5 During the transportation and distribution process, collect data on the transportation distance and mode of transport of the product to the user's location, the carbon footprint factor of the product transportation, the energy and material consumption during the installation process, and the carbon footprint factor of the energy and materials consumed during the installation process.

[0107] e) During the B1-B7 usage phase, collect data on the consumption of resources (such as water, cleaning agents, electricity, etc.) during use, maintenance, and operation, as well as the carbon footprint factor of the resources consumed during use, maintenance, and operation.

[0108] f) During the C1-C4 end-of-life period, collect data on energy and resource consumption and greenhouse gas emissions during product dismantling / removal, the amount of waste products transported to the treatment point, the transportation distance and mode of transportation, the resources, energy and greenhouse gas emissions related to waste product recycling, treatment and disposal, the carbon footprint factor of transportation, and the carbon footprint factor of waste disposal.

[0109] g) Benefits and loads outside the system boundary, i.e., the benefits and loads of recycling, share greenhouse gas emissions associated with the unit processes of raw material acquisition and processing between the product system under study and subsequent product systems using recycled materials. The carbon footprint quantification of product carbon footprint recycling treatments can refer to the methods for possible procedures of recycling treatments in product carbon footprint studies, as outlined in Appendix GB / T 24067.

[0110] The methods and sources for obtaining primary / on-site data are explained below:

[0111] a) Activity data for the raw material acquisition and raw material transportation stages should be determined based on the company's raw material consumption list, production ledger, or statistical reports, etc.

[0112] b) Activity data during the product manufacturing stage should be determined based on the company’s production ledgers or statistical reports, energy metering ledgers or settlement sheets or invoices, using on-site monitoring and data provided by suppliers;

[0113] c) Activity data during the product transportation phase should be determined based on sales records, transportation records, etc.

[0114] d) Activity data during the product usage phase should include product specification information;

[0115] e) Activity data at the end of the product's life cycle should be determined based on the bill of materials for the raw materials consumed by the product.

[0116] Explanation of emission factor data collection methods and sources:

[0117] a) Emission factors and characteristic parameters measured on-site should be used preferentially;

[0118] b) Carbon footprint emission factors or carbon emission factors provided by raw material suppliers that have been audited by a third party;

[0119] c) Carbon footprint emission factors or carbon emission factors published by the state, local governments, or industries;

[0120] d) Other research institutions, including the IPCC's published carbon footprint emission factors or carbon emission factors.

[0121] Functional units should be clearly defined, such as 1 ton, 1 cubic meter, 1 piece, etc., with weight units being preferred. In comparative analyses of different products, the functional units of the products should be described to ensure the comparability of the functions of different products.

[0122] S3. Carbon footprint accounting of building materials products throughout their entire life cycle:

[0123] The carbon footprint of building materials throughout their entire life cycle is calculated according to formula (1):

[0124] ..................................(1)

[0125] In formula (1):

[0126] E GHG — Carbon footprint of building materials products, in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per functional unit (kgCO2e / functional unit).

[0127] E i —The greenhouse gas emissions of each functional unit of product at each stage of its life cycle, in kilograms per functional unit (kg / functional unit), and the calculation method is shown in Equation (2).

[0128] GWP i —The GWP values ​​of the i-th type of greenhouse gas are shown in Table 1;

[0129] L—Reference service life of building materials, in years;

[0130] .................(2)

[0131] In formula (2):

[0132] E A1,i —The i-th type greenhouse gas emissions per functional unit of product during the raw material acquisition and production stages, expressed in kilograms per square functional unit ( / functional unit).

[0133] E A2,i —The i-th type greenhouse gas emissions per functional unit of product during the raw material transportation to the factory stage, in kilograms per functional unit (kg / functional unit).

[0134] E A3,i —The i-th type greenhouse gas emissions per functional unit of product during the product manufacturing stage, expressed in kilograms per square meter (kg / functional unit).

[0135] E A4-A5,i —The i-th type greenhouse gas emissions per functional unit of product during transportation and distribution, expressed in kilograms per functional unit (kg / functional unit).

[0136] E B,i —The i-th type greenhouse gas emissions per functional unit of product during the product use phase, expressed in kilograms per square meter (kg / functional unit).

[0137] E UU —The carbon emissions indirectly avoided during the use of building materials with thermal insulation function per functional unit, expressed in kilograms of carbon dioxide per functional unit (kgCO2 / functional unit).

[0138] E c —The i-th type greenhouse gas emissions per functional unit of product at the end of its life, expressed in kilograms per functional unit (kg / functional unit).

[0139] Table 1 Global Warming Potential (GWP) of Greenhouse Gases

[0140]

[0141] Furthermore, the emissions of type i greenhouse gases per functional unit product during the raw material acquisition and production stages are calculated according to formula (3):

[0142] …………………………(3)

[0143] In formula (3):

[0144] M 1,j —The consumption of the j-th type of raw material per functional unit of product, the unit depending on the type of raw material, is expressed in kilograms of functional units (kg / functional unit) or cubic meters per functional unit (m³). 3 / functional unit);

[0145] P A1,j.,i—The greenhouse gas emission factor obtained from the j-th raw material, the unit depends on the raw material / type, taking carbon dioxide as an example: the unit is kilogram carbon dioxide equivalent per kilogram or kilogram carbon dioxide equivalent per cubic meter (kgCO2e / kg or kgCO2e / m³). 3 ); the j-th raw material / the i-th greenhouse gas emission factor P obtained A1,j.,i Calculate according to formula (4):

[0146] ………………………………………(4)

[0147] In equation (4):

[0148] Q t,j —The consumption of the t-th basic raw material of the j-th raw material per functional unit of product, the unit depending on the type of raw material, such as kilogram functional unit (kg / functional unit) or cubic meter per functional unit (m³). 3 / functional unit);

[0149] F t,j.,i —The carbon footprint factor of the i-th raw material obtained from the j-th raw material and the t-th raw material, the unit depends on the type of raw material, such as kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per kilogram or kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per cubic meter (kgCO2e / kg or kgCO2e / m³). 3 ).

[0150] Furthermore, the emissions of type i greenhouse gases during the raw material transportation to the factory are calculated according to equation (5):

[0151] …………………… (5)

[0152] D 2,j,k —The transportation distance of the j-th material using the k-th transportation method, in kilometers (km);

[0153] TEF i,,k —The greenhouse gas emission factor of the i-th type of transport mode, expressed in kilograms per ton per kilometer [kg / (t·km)]. TEF i,,k Factors should be selected in the following order of priority: carbon footprint factors published by the state or recommended by relevant authorities, reports verified by third-party organizations, commercial databases, literature / research reports / industry statistics, and similar technical data from abroad.

[0154] Furthermore, the emissions of type i greenhouse gases per functional unit of product during the product manufacturing stage, including the acquisition and combustion of energy consumed in production, are calculated according to equation (6):

[0155] ...(6)

[0156] In equation (6),

[0157] M A3,r —The consumption of the r-th type of energy per functional unit of product, expressed in kilograms per functional unit (kg / functional unit) or cubic meters per functional unit (m³). 3 / functional unit);

[0158] P A3,r,i —The emission factor of the i-th greenhouse gas during the acquisition of the r-th energy source, with units depending on the type of energy, such as kilograms per kilogram (kg / kg) or kilograms per cubic meter (kg / m³). 3 );

[0159] D 3,r,k —The transportation distance of the rth type of fossil fuel using the kth transportation method, in kilometers (km).

[0160] FC A3,r — Consumption of the rth type of fuel per functional unit of product, in gigajoules (GJ / functional unit).

[0161] NCV A3,r —The lower heating value of the rth fossil fuel, expressed in gigajoules per ton (GJ / t) or per 10,000 standard cubic meters (GJ / 10⁻⁶). 4 Nm 3 ;)

[0162] CC 3,r —The carbon content per unit calorific value of the rth fossil fuel, expressed in tons of carbon per gigajoules (tC / GJ);

[0163] OF 3,r —The carbon oxidation rate of the r-th fossil fuel, in % .

[0164] Furthermore, the Class i greenhouse gas emissions per functional unit of building material product during transportation and distribution, including greenhouse gas emissions from product transportation and the consumption of auxiliary materials during installation, are calculated according to formula (7):

[0165] ……………(7)

[0166] In equation (7):

[0167] M A4-A5 —The transport weight of building materials is expressed in tons per functional unit (t / functional unit).

[0168] D 4-5 , k —The transportation distance of the kth mode of transportation for building materials, in kilometers (km);

[0169] M FZ,n — The consumption of the nth type of auxiliary material during the installation process, expressed in kilograms per functional unit (kg / functional unit) or cubic meters per functional unit (m³). 3 / functional unit);

[0170] EF A4-A5,i.,n —The greenhouse gas emission factor of the i-th type during the acquisition of the n-th auxiliary material, expressed in kilograms per kilogram or kilograms per cubic meter (kg / kg or kg / m³). 3 ), obtain by pressing (8):

[0171] …………………………………… (8)

[0172] Q t,n —The consumption of the t-th basic material for the nth auxiliary material per functional unit of product, the unit depends on the type of raw material, such as kilogram functional unit (kg / functional unit) or cubic meter per functional unit (m³). 3 / functional unit);

[0173] F t,j.,i —The i-th carbon footprint factor obtained from the t-th basic material of the n-th auxiliary material, the unit depends on the type of raw material, such as kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per kilogram or kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per cubic meter (kgCO2e / kg or kgCO2e / m³). 3 ).

[0174] Furthermore, building materials with thermal insulation functions reduce building energy consumption and indirectly reduce carbon emissions during the use phase. The greenhouse gas emissions of each functional unit during the use phase of products B2-B7 are calculated according to formula (9):

[0175] …………………………………………………(9)

[0176] In equation (9):

[0177] M B,s — The consumption of the s-th type of material per functional unit during the use phase. The unit depends on the type of raw material, such as kilograms per functional unit (kg / functional unit).

[0178] CEF B,i.,s — The carbon footprint factor of the i-th greenhouse gas obtained from the s-th material / energy source, in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per functional unit (kgCO2e / functional unit).

[0179] The carbon footprint factor (CEF) of the i-th greenhouse gas obtained from the s-th material / energy source. B,i.,sCalculate according to formula 10:

[0180] …………………………………………(10)

[0181] In the formula:

[0182] M t,s — The consumption of the tth basic material of the sth type of material or energy during the use phase of each functional unit of product. The unit depends on the type of raw material, for example, kilograms per functional unit (kg / functional unit).

[0183] CEF t,i.,s —The carbon footprint factor of the i-th greenhouse gas obtained from the t-th basic material of the s-th material / energy, in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per functional unit (kgCO2e / functional unit).

[0184] Furthermore, the end-of-life stage C involves the transportation and disposal of waste products, such as incineration and landfill, as well as greenhouse gases generated by recycling. The greenhouse gas emissions of type i per functional unit of product at the end of its life, including greenhouse gases generated from the transportation and disposal (such as incineration and landfill) and recycling of waste products, are calculated according to formula (11):

[0185] … (1)

[0186] In equation (11):

[0187] M c,g —The transport weight of the g-th type of waste, in tons (t);

[0188] D c,g,k —The transportation distance of the g-th type of waste using the k-th mode of transportation, in kilometers (km);

[0189] V g,L —The disposal volume of waste type g using disposal method L, in tons (t);

[0190] CF g,L —The carbon footprint factor of waste type g and disposal method L, expressed in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per functional unit (kgCO2e / functional unit); CF g,L The selection should be based on priority, using carbon footprint factors published by the state or recommended by relevant authorities, reports verified by third-party organizations, commercial databases, literature / research reports / industry statistics, and similar technical data from abroad, in that order.

[0191] E D Greenhouse gas emissions from raw material acquisition and production shared by the functional unit recyclable metal plate (benefits and loads outside the system boundary), calculated according to (12):

[0192] .............................(12)

[0193] In equation (12):

[0194] R D —Recycling rate, the recycling rate of recycled waste metal sheets (product recycling rate × metal sheet recycling rate), in percentages; the national or global average recycling rate of each metal sheet can be found in industry statistics.

[0195] A—Distribution coefficient (taken as 0.5);

[0196] Q—The quality correction factor of the recycled metal sheet relative to the virgin metal sheet (range: 0.2-0.8).

[0197] W D — The amount of nascent metal plate replaced, in kilograms (kg).

[0198] CEF D —The carbon footprint factor of the nascent metal sheet, expressed in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per functional unit (kgCO2e / functional unit). The selection of the carbon footprint factor for the nascent metal sheet should follow this priority order: carbon footprint factors published by the state or recommended by relevant authorities, reports verified by third-party organizations, commercial databases, literature / research reports / industry statistics, and data from similar technologies abroad.

[0199] The building materials product lifecycle carbon footprint assessment system based on the aforementioned building materials product lifecycle carbon footprint assessment method is characterized by comprising:

[0200] A database is used to store primary and secondary data;

[0201] The data acquisition module collects and records data on materials, energy consumption, transportation methods and distances, and recycling methods throughout the entire life cycle of building materials products, including manufacturing, transportation and distribution, use, and end of life.

[0202] The computing unit uses data collected by the database and data acquisition module to calculate the carbon footprint of building materials products throughout their entire life cycle.

[0203] Furthermore, it also includes an assessment module, based on the calculations performed by the computing unit during the calculation of the carbon footprint of building materials throughout their entire lifecycle. This allows us to obtain the direct contribution, cumulative contribution, and contribution rate of carbon emissions at each stage of the entire life cycle of building materials products.

[0204] The embodiments described above are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Any obvious improvements, substitutions or modifications that can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the essence of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for assessing the carbon footprint of building materials throughout their entire life cycle, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. On-site / Primary Data Collection: Collect data on materials, energy consumption, transportation methods and distances, and recycling methods throughout the entire life cycle of building materials products, including manufacturing, transportation and distribution, use, and end of life. S2. Obtain secondary data, including the acquisition of basic material and basic energy data; S3. Carbon footprint accounting of building materials products throughout their entire life cycle: The carbon footprint of the building materials throughout their entire life cycle is calculated according to formula (1): ..........................................（1） In formula (1): E GHG — Carbon footprint of building materials products, in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per functional unit (kgCO2e / functional unit). E i —The greenhouse gas emissions of each functional unit of product at each stage of its life cycle, in kilograms per functional unit (kg / functional unit), and the calculation method is shown in Equation (2). GWP i —GWP value of type i greenhouse gas; L—Reference service life of building materials, in years; ....................（2） In formula (2): E A1,i —The i-th type greenhouse gas emissions per functional unit of product during the raw material acquisition and production stages, expressed in kilograms per square functional unit ( / functional unit). E A2,i —The i-th type greenhouse gas emissions per functional unit of product during the raw material transportation to the factory stage, in kilograms per functional unit (kg / functional unit). E A3,i —The i-th type greenhouse gas emissions per functional unit of product during the product manufacturing stage, expressed in kilograms per square meter (kg / functional unit). E A4-A5,i —The i-th type greenhouse gas emissions per functional unit of product during transportation and distribution, expressed in kilograms per functional unit (kg / functional unit). E B,i —The i-th type greenhouse gas emissions per functional unit of product during the product use phase, expressed in kilograms per square meter (kg / functional unit). E UU —The carbon emissions indirectly avoided during the use of building materials with thermal insulation function per functional unit, expressed in kilograms of carbon dioxide per functional unit (kgCO2 / functional unit). E c —The i-th type greenhouse gas emissions per functional unit of product at the end of its life, expressed in kilograms per functional unit (kg / functional unit).

2. The method for assessing the carbon footprint of building materials throughout their entire life cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The emissions of type i greenhouse gases per functional unit of product during the raw material acquisition and production stages are calculated according to formula (3): ………………………………（3） In formula (3): M 1,j —The consumption of the j-th type of raw material per functional unit of product, the unit depending on the type of raw material, is expressed in kilograms of functional units (kg / functional unit) or cubic meters per functional unit (m³). 3 / functional unit); P A1,j.,i —The greenhouse gas emission factor of the i-th type obtained from the j-th raw material, the unit depends on the raw material / type, taking carbon dioxide as an example: the unit is kilogram carbon dioxide equivalent per kilogram or kilogram carbon dioxide equivalent per cubic meter (kgCO2e / kg or kgCO2e / m³). 3 ); the j-th raw material / the i-th greenhouse gas emission factor P obtained A1,j.,i Calculate according to formula (4): ………………………………………（4） In equation (4): Q t,j —The consumption of the t-th basic raw material of the j-th raw material per functional unit of product, the unit depending on the type of raw material, such as kilogram functional unit (kg / functional unit) or cubic meter per functional unit (m³). 3 / functional unit); F t,j.,i —The carbon footprint factor of the i-th raw material obtained from the j-th raw material and the t-th raw material, the unit depends on the type of raw material, such as kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per kilogram or kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per cubic meter (kgCO2e / kg or kgCO2e / m³). 3 ).

3. The method for assessing the carbon footprint of building materials throughout their entire life cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The emissions of Category i greenhouse gases during the raw material transportation to the factory are calculated according to formula (5): ………………… （5） D 2,j,k —The transportation distance of the j-th material using the k-th transportation method, in kilometers (km); TEF i,,k —The greenhouse gas emission factor of the i-th type of transportation mode, in kilograms per ton per kilometer [kg / (t·km)].

4. The method for assessing the carbon footprint of building materials throughout their entire life cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The emissions of type i greenhouse gases per functional unit of product during the product manufacturing stage, including the acquisition and combustion of energy consumed in production, are calculated according to formula (6): ........（6） In equation (6), M A3,r —The consumption of the r-th type of energy per functional unit of product, expressed in kilograms per functional unit (kg / functional unit) or cubic meters per functional unit (m³). 3 / functional unit); P A3,r,i —The emission factor of the i-th greenhouse gas during the acquisition of the r-th energy source, with units depending on the type of energy, such as kilograms per kilogram (kg / kg) or kilograms per cubic meter (kg / m³). 3 ); D 3,r,k —The transportation distance of the rth type of fossil fuel using the kth transportation method, in kilometers (km). FC A3,r — The consumption of the r-th type of fuel per functional unit of product, in gigajoules (GJ functional units). NCV A3,r —The lower heating value of the rth fossil fuel, expressed in gigajoules per ton (GJ / t) or per 10,000 standard cubic meters (GJ / 10⁻⁶). 4 Nm 3 ;) CC 3,r —The carbon content per unit calorific value of the rth fossil fuel, expressed in tons of carbon per gigajoules (tC / GJ); OF 3,r —Carbon oxidation rate of the rth fossil fuel, in units of %.

5. The method for assessing the carbon footprint of building materials throughout their entire life cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The greenhouse gas emissions of each functional unit of building material product during transportation and distribution, including greenhouse gas emissions from the consumption of auxiliary materials during product transportation and installation, are calculated according to formula (7): ……………（7） In equation (7): M A4-A5 —The transport weight of building materials is expressed in tons per functional unit (t / functional unit). D 4-5 , k —The transportation distance of the kth mode of transportation for building materials, in kilometers (km); M FZ,n — The consumption of the nth type of auxiliary material during the installation process, expressed in kilograms per functional unit (kg / functional unit) or cubic meters per functional unit (m³). 3 / functional unit); EF A4-A5,i.,n —The greenhouse gas emission factor of the i-th type during the acquisition of the n-th auxiliary material, expressed in kilograms per kilogram or kilograms per cubic meter (kg / kg or kg / m³). 3 ), obtain by pressing (8): ………………………… （8） Q t,n —The consumption of the t-th basic material for the nth auxiliary material per functional unit of product, the unit depends on the type of raw material, such as kilogram functional unit (kg / functional unit) or cubic meter per functional unit (m³). 3 / functional unit); F t,j.,i —The i-th carbon footprint factor obtained from the t-th basic material of the n-th auxiliary material, the unit depends on the type of raw material, such as kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per kilogram or kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per cubic meter (kgCO2e / kg or kgCO2e / m³). 3 ).

6. The method for assessing the carbon footprint of building materials throughout their entire life cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The greenhouse gas emissions of type i per functional unit during the product use phase are calculated according to formula (9): …………………………………………（9） In equation (9): M B,s — The consumption of the s-th type of material per functional unit during the use phase. The unit depends on the type of raw material, such as kilograms per functional unit (kg / functional unit). CEF B,i.,s — The carbon footprint factor of the i-th greenhouse gas obtained from the s-th material / energy source, in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per functional unit (kgCO2e / functional unit). The carbon footprint factor (CEF) of the i-th greenhouse gas obtained from the s-th material / energy source. B,i.,s Calculate according to formula 10: ………………………………………（10） In the formula: M t,s — The consumption of the tth basic material of the sth type of material or energy during the use phase of each functional unit of product. The unit depends on the type of raw material, for example, kilograms per functional unit (kg / functional unit). CEF t,i.,s —The carbon footprint factor of the i-th greenhouse gas obtained from the t-th basic material of the s-th material / energy, in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per functional unit (kgCO2e / functional unit).

7. The method for assessing the carbon footprint of building materials throughout their entire life cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The greenhouse gas emissions of a functional unit product at the end of its life, including greenhouse gases generated from the transportation, disposal, and recycling of waste products, are calculated according to formula (11): … （11） In equation (11): M c,g —The transport weight of the g-th type of waste, in tons (t); D c,g,k —The transportation distance of the g-th type of waste using the k-th mode of transportation, in kilometers (km); V g,L —The disposal volume of waste type g using disposal method L, in tons (t); CF g,L — The carbon footprint factor of waste type g and disposal method L, in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per functional unit (kgCO2e / functional unit). E D Greenhouse gas emissions from raw material acquisition and production shared by the functional unit recyclable metal plate (benefits and loads outside the system boundary), calculated according to (12): ......................................（12） In equation (12): R D —Recycling rate, the recycling rate of recycled waste metal sheets (product recycling rate × metal sheet recycling rate), in percentages; the national or global average recycling rate of each metal sheet can be found in industry statistics. A—Distribution coefficient (taken as 0.5); Q—The quality correction factor of the recycled metal sheet relative to the virgin metal sheet (range: 0.2-0.8). W D — The amount of nascent metal plate replaced, in kilograms (kg). CEF D —The carbon footprint factor of the nascent metal plate, expressed in kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per functional unit (kgCO2e / functional unit).

8. The method for assessing the carbon footprint of building materials throughout their entire life cycle according to claim 7, characterized in that, The selection of carbon footprint factors for nascent metal plates should follow the priority order, using carbon footprint factors published by the state or recommended by relevant authorities, reports verified by third-party institutions, commercial databases, literature / research reports / industry statistics, and similar technical data from abroad.

9. A building materials product lifecycle carbon footprint assessment system based on the building materials product lifecycle carbon footprint assessment method of claim 1, characterized in that, include: A database is used to store secondary data; The data acquisition module collects and records data on materials, energy consumption, transportation methods and distances, and recycling methods throughout the entire life cycle of building materials products, including manufacturing, transportation and distribution, use, and end of life. The computing unit uses data collected by the database and data acquisition module to calculate the carbon footprint of building materials products throughout their entire life cycle.

10. The carbon footprint assessment system for the entire life cycle of building materials products according to claim 9, characterized in that, Also includes: The assessment module is based on the calculations performed by the computing unit during the calculation of the carbon footprint of building materials throughout their entire life cycle. This allows us to obtain the direct contribution, cumulative contribution, and contribution rate of carbon emissions at each stage of the entire life cycle of building materials products.

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