Hydraulic slip form structure of a radius-adjustable circular pressure regulating tower

Abstract

The application discloses a radius-adjustable hydraulic slip-form structure of a circular pressure regulating tower, which comprises a lifting portal, a through center jack arranged on the lifting portal and used for the slip-up of an integral formwork, a driven outer form arranged between active outer forms, and a positioning module formed by the combination of the lifting portal, the through center jack, the top rod and the screw A.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building construction technology, and in particular to a hydraulic slipform structure for a circular pressure regulating tower with an adjustable radius. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction of water conservancy and hydropower projects, the surge tank of water conveyance projects is usually a reinforced concrete cylindrical structure, and steel formwork is generally used for concrete pouring.

[0003] The circular wall of a surge tank is thicker at the bottom and gradually thins towards the top, with the thickness variation primarily achieved through adjustment of the outer formwork. Existing concrete lining formwork uses scaffolding for external support, with tie rods used to fix the inner and outer formwork to resist lateral concrete pressure. This method is time-consuming to assemble, and after each layer is poured, the formwork must be removed for the next layer's installation and reinforcement—a repetitive process. Furthermore, adjusting the outer formwork is challenging. Therefore, developing a circular surge tank hydraulic slipform structure with an adjustable radius that solves the problems of existing technologies has become a pressing technical challenge. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on the aforementioned technical problems, this invention proposes a circular pressure regulating tower hydraulic sliding mold structure with adjustable radius to solve the problems existing in the background technology.

[0005] In view of this, the present invention proposes a circular pressure regulating tower hydraulic slipform structure with adjustable radius, comprising: a lifting gantry, on which a through-hole jack is installed for the sliding of the overall template. An active outer formwork is installed on the outside of the lifting gantry. The active outer formwork and the lifting gantry are connected and combined into a positioning module by a hanger, a top rod, and a screw A. Positioning modules are arranged in groups approximately every 3 meters along the circumference of the wall. Each group is laterally connected into a rigid structure by an inner template and an inner truss on the inner side of the lifting gantry, and a connecting beam on the outer side. A driven outer formwork is provided between each active outer formwork evenly distributed along the circumference of the wall. The active and driven outer forms are connected as a whole by a connecting device. Finally, the active and driven outer forms are adjusted by various adjustment devices to change the radius of the outer template, thereby changing the wall thickness. After the main structure of the hydraulic slipform is assembled, a construction platform and railings are installed on top to facilitate construction.

[0006] Furthermore, the lifting gantry is equipped with a crossbeam, an inner vertical beam, and an outer vertical beam, which are connected to form a rigid structure as the main load-bearing component. Two through-hole jacks are installed on the crossbeam, and each through-hole jack is equipped with a climbing rod. The through-hole jacks can climb upwards along the climbing rod, thereby driving the lifting gantry to slide upwards, that is, the entire sliding formwork structure slides upwards.

[0007] Furthermore, there are two jacks. One jack on the outer side of the wall has a positioning plate on the crossbeam on the side furthest from the center. An internal threaded sleeve is installed on the positioning plate, and a lead screw B is installed inside the sleeve. A reaction frame is installed between the top of lead screw B and the jack base. A sliding connection mechanism is provided between the jack base and the crossbeam, allowing the jack to slide longitudinally along the crossbeam while remaining vertically integrated. This way, when the jack climbs up the climbing rod, it can lift the crossbeam upwards. Simultaneously, the jack can slide longitudinally along the crossbeam under the thrust generated by the rotation of lead screw B, adapting to changes in wall thickness.

[0008] Furthermore, an active outer mold is installed on the side of the outer vertical beam near the center. The active outer mold consists of channel steel A, waler A, steel panel, and hanger rod. Channel steel A has multiple components, which are bolted together to give the active outer mold a certain degree of flexibility to adapt to changes in radius. The steel panel is mainly for accommodating the connection, expansion, contraction, and diameter changes between the active and driven outer molds.

[0009] Furthermore, the active outer mold is equipped with a suspension rod at its upper part, and the top of the suspension rod is equipped with a sliding buckle that connects to the flange plate at the lower part of the crossbeam. The active outer mold can be suspended from the lower part of the lifting gantry via the suspension rod and can slide along the crossbeam. The outer vertical beam is equipped with a top rod and a lead screw A at both its upper and lower parts. The top rod passes through the outer vertical beam and is hinged to the channel steel A. The lead screw A can be rotated to drive the top rod to slide within the outer vertical beam along the radius of the pressure regulating tower, thereby pushing the active outer mold to slide along the radius of the pressure regulating tower, thus adjusting for changes in the thickness of the pressure regulating tower wall.

[0010] Furthermore, the active outer mold and the lifting gantry are connected and combined into a positioning module by means of a hanger, a top rod, and a lead screw A. A set of positioning modules is installed approximately every 3 meters along the circumference of the wall. Connecting beams are provided between each module, linking adjacent outer vertical beams together as the main force transmission components.

[0011] Furthermore, a driven outer mold is installed between two adjacent active outer molds. The driven outer mold is composed of several channel steels B connected together by connecting bolts, possessing a certain degree of flexibility to adapt to changes in the radius of the driven outer mold. A waler B is installed above and below the outer side of each channel steel B. The walers B are connected to a connecting beam via a screw C. The screw C rotates and slides inside the connecting beam, thereby pushing the driven outer mold towards the center of the circle, thus adapting to changes in the radius of the circular voltage regulating tower.

[0012] Furthermore, the two ends of the waler B on the driven outer mold extend beyond the range of the channel steel B and are inserted into the waler A on the active outer mold for sliding connection. The channel steel B on the driven outer mold overlaps with the steel panel on the active outer mold, with an overlap width of X. This overlap connection prevents concrete leakage during pouring and facilitates smooth sliding of the driven outer mold to the active outer mold during the change of the sliding mold radius. The distance between adjacent channel steel A and channel steel B is the distance X that the driven outer mold can move to the active outer mold. The setting of this range of X determines the range of change of the sliding mold radius.

[0013] Furthermore, the active outer mold and the driven outer mold are connected together to form an integral outer arc template. Two circular hoop steel wire ropes are set on the upper and lower parts of the outer arc template to connect the active outer mold and the driven outer mold into a whole. A tensioner is set in the middle of each circular hoop steel wire rope. When the radius of the active outer mold and the driven outer mold is adjusted, the steel wire rope tensioner can adjust the tension of the circular hoop steel wire rope to adapt to the change of the outer mold radius, and finally realize the change of the wall thickness.

[0014] Furthermore, the lifting gantry is equipped with an inner truss on the side near the center, and a central positioning ring beam is installed at the end of the inner truss. All the inner trusses are connected into a whole through the central positioning ring beam to meet the force requirements. Simultaneously, by aligning the plumb bob with the center of the voltage regulating tower by hanging it at the center point of the central positioning ring, the planar deviation of the hydraulic slipform can be monitored at any time during the hydraulic slipform lifting process for timely adjustments. The inner truss is equipped with an inner ring platform, and an inner ring platform railing is installed on the inner ring platform. An outer ring platform is installed on the outer side of the top of the lifting gantry, and an outer ring platform railing is installed on the outer ring platform. The installation of the inner ring platform, inner ring platform railing, outer ring platform, and outer ring platform railing enhances worker safety during construction.

[0015] This invention proposes a circular pressure regulating tower hydraulic sliding mold structure with adjustable radius. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0016] This invention allows for continuous adjustment of the outer radius of the circular wall of a voltage regulating tower to achieve variations in wall thickness. Furthermore, after the formwork is assembled, concrete is poured while a hydraulic lifting device continuously elevates the formwork upwards, raising the wall continuously until it reaches the top before ending the concrete pouring. This eliminates the need to dismantle and reassemble each section before starting the next, significantly increasing construction speed and effectively addressing the varying thickness requirements of circular walls in voltage regulating towers, thereby significantly improving construction efficiency and project quality.

[0017] This invention organically combines a formwork system with a hydraulic jacking system and a precision mechanical adjustment mechanism (screws A107 / B / C), achieving mechanization, continuity, and controllability of the construction process. Its core advantage lies in transforming the traditional "segmented formwork, intermittent construction" mode into an advanced "single-time formwork, continuous slipforming, dynamic diameter adjustment" mode. It is particularly suitable for the construction of tall, circular, thin-walled concrete structures with variable cross-sectional characteristics, significantly improving construction efficiency, ensuring overall project quality, and reducing labor intensity. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention is shown;

[0019] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the top operating platform of the present invention is shown;

[0020] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the hydraulic sliding mold main structure of the present invention is shown;

[0021] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of the hydraulic sliding mold main structure of the present invention is shown;

[0022] Figure 5 This diagram shows a combination of the hydraulic sliding mold main structure of the present invention, consisting of a lifting gantry, an active outer mold, and a driven outer mold.

[0023] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the hydraulic sliding mold main structure of the present invention—combining the lifting gantry and the active outer mold—is shown.

[0024] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the hydraulic sliding mold main structure - driven outer mold of the present invention is shown;

[0025] Figure 8 A detailed view A of a partial component of the structure of the present invention is shown;

[0026] Figure 9 The flowchart of normal slipforming and dynamic diameter changing in the third stage of the present invention is shown;

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Lifting gantry; 101. Horizontal beam; 102. Inner vertical beam; 103. Outer vertical beam; 104. Through-hole jack; 105. Climbing rod; 106. Top rod; 107. Screw A; 108. Positioning plate; 109. Internal threaded sleeve; 110. Screw B; 111. Reaction frame; 2. Active outer formwork; 201. Channel steel A; 202. Waler A; 203. Steel panel; 204. Hanging rod; 3. Connecting beam; 4. Driven outer mold; 401. Channel steel B; 402. Connecting bolt; 403. Waler B; 5. Screw C; 6. Inner template; 7. Inner truss; 8. Center positioning ring beam; 9. Round hoop steel wire rope; 10. Inner ring platform; 11. Inner ring platform railing; 12. Outer ring platform; 13. Outer ring platform railing; X1. Overlap width of the steel panel of the driven outer mold and the active outer mold; X2. Distance that the driven outer mold can move towards the active outer mold. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0029] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and therefore the scope of protection of the invention is not limited to the contents disclosed below.

[0030] The following combination Figures 1 to 8 The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below.

[0031] First embodiment, such as Figures 1 to 8 The diagram shows a circular pressure regulating tower hydraulic slipform structure with adjustable radius. It includes a lifting gantry 1, on which a through-hole jack 104 is installed for the overall slipforming of the template. An active outer template 2 is installed on the outside of the lifting gantry 1. The active outer template 2 and the lifting gantry 1 are connected and combined into a positioning module via a hanger 204, a top rod 106, and a lead screw A107. Positioning modules are arranged in groups approximately every 3 meters along the circumference of the wall. Each group is laterally connected to the lifting gantry 1 into a rigid, integral structure via an inner template 6, an inner truss 7, and a connecting beam 3 on the outside. A driven outer template 4 is provided between each active outer template 2 evenly distributed along the circumference of the wall. The active outer template 2 and the driven outer template 4 are connected as a whole by a connecting device. Finally, the active outer template 2 and the driven outer template 4 are adjusted by various adjustment devices to change the radius of the outer template, ultimately achieving a change in the wall thickness. After the main structure of the hydraulic slipform is assembled, a construction platform and railings are installed on top of it to facilitate construction.

[0032] The lifting gantry 1 is provided with a crossbeam 101, an inner vertical beam 102, and an outer vertical beam 103, which are connected to form a rigid structure as the main load-bearing component. Two through-hole jacks 104 are provided on the crossbeam 101, and each through-hole jack 104 is provided with a climbing rod 105. The through-hole jack 104 can climb upward along the climbing rod 105, thereby driving the lifting gantry 1 to slide upward, that is, the entire sliding formwork structure slides upward.

[0033] There are two jacks. One jack on the outer side of the wall has a positioning plate 108 on the crossbeam 101 on the side furthest from the center. An internal threaded sleeve 109 is installed on the positioning plate 108, and a lead screw B110 is installed inside the internal threaded sleeve 109. A reaction frame 111 is installed between the top of the lead screw B110 and the jack base. The jack base and the crossbeam 101 are provided with a sliding connection mechanism, which allows the jack to slide longitudinally along the crossbeam 101, but is connected as a whole in the vertical direction. In this way, when the jack climbs up the climbing rod 105, it can drive the crossbeam 101 to climb up together. At the same time, the jack can slide longitudinally along the crossbeam 101 under the thrust generated by the rotation of the lead screw B110 to accommodate changes in the wall thickness.

[0034] An active outer mold 2 is installed on the side of the outer vertical beam 103 near the center. The active outer mold 2 is composed of channel steel A201, waler A202, steel panel 203, and suspension rod 204. The channel steel A201 has multiple components, which are connected by bolts to give the active outer mold 2 a certain degree of flexibility to adapt to changes in radius. The steel panel 203 is mainly for accommodating the connection, extension, and diameter changes between the active outer mold 2 and the driven outer mold 4. The active outer mold 2 is equipped with a suspension rod 204 on its upper part. The top of the suspension rod 204 is equipped with a sliding buckle that engages with the flange plate at the lower part of the crossbeam 101. The active outer mold 2 can be suspended under the lifting gantry 1 by the suspension rod 204 and can slide along the direction of the crossbeam 101.

[0035] The outer vertical beam 103 is equipped with a top rod 106 and a lead screw A107 at both the top and bottom. The top rod 106 passes through the outer vertical beam 103 and is hinged to the channel steel A201. The lead screw A107 can drive the top rod 106 to slide within the outer vertical beam 103 along the radius of the pressure regulating tower, thereby pushing the active outer mold 2 to slide along the radius of the pressure regulating tower, thus adjusting and coordinating with the change in the thickness of the pressure regulating tower wall.

[0036] The active outer mold 2 and the lifting gantry 1 are connected and combined into a positioning module by the suspension rod 204, the top rod 106, and the lead screw A107. The positioning module is set at approximately 3 meters along the circumference of the wall. A connecting beam 3 is provided between each module, which connects the adjacent outer vertical beams 103 together as the main force transmission component.

[0037] A driven outer mold 4 is set between two adjacent active outer molds 2. The driven outer mold 4 is composed of several channel steels B401 connected together by connecting bolts 402, and has a certain degree of flexibility to adapt to the need for changes in the radius of the driven outer mold 4. A waler B403 is set on the upper and lower sides of the outer side of the channel steels B401. The walers B403 are connected to the connecting beam 3 by a screw C5. The screw C5 rotates and slides inside the connecting beam 3, thereby pushing the driven outer mold 4 to move towards the center of the circle, thus adapting to the need for changes in the radius of the circular voltage regulating tower.

[0038] The two ends of the waler B403 on the driven outer mold 4 extend beyond the range of the channel steel B401 and are inserted into the waler A202 on the active outer mold 2 for sliding connection. The channel steel B401 on the driven outer mold 4 overlaps with the steel panel 203 on the active outer mold 2, with an overlap width of X1. The overlap connection prevents grout leakage during concrete pouring and facilitates the smooth sliding of the driven outer mold 4 to the active outer mold 2 during the change of the sliding mold radius. The distance between adjacent channel steel A201 and channel steel B401 is the distance X2 that the driven outer mold 4 can move to the active outer mold 2. The setting of this X2 range determines the range of the change of the sliding mold radius.

[0039] The active outer mold 2 and the driven outer mold 4 are connected together to form an integral outer arc template. Two circular hoop steel wire ropes 9 are set on the upper and lower parts of the outer arc template to connect the active outer mold 2 and the driven outer mold 4 into a whole. A tensioner is set in the middle of each circular hoop steel wire rope 9. When the radius of the active outer mold 2 and the driven outer mold 4 is adjusted, the steel wire rope tensioner can adjust the tension of the circular hoop steel wire rope 9 to adapt to the change of the outer mold radius, and finally realize the change of the wall thickness.

[0040] The lifting gantry 1 has an inner truss 7 on its central side, with a central positioning ring beam 8 at each end. All inner trusses 7 are connected as a whole by the central positioning ring beam 8 to meet load-bearing requirements. Simultaneously, by aligning a plumb bob with the center of the pressure regulating tower, the planar deviation of the hydraulic slipform can be monitored and adjusted at any time during the hydraulic slipform lifting process. The inner truss 7 has an inner platform 10 with an inner platform railing 11. An outer platform 12 with an outer platform railing 13 is located on the outer side of the top of the lifting gantry 1. The inner platform 10, inner platform railing 11, outer platform 12, and outer platform railing 13 enhance worker safety during construction.

[0041] In the usage process, firstly, assemble this hydraulic slipform structure on the completed foundation or poured wall. The assembly process is as follows:

[0042] 1. Assembly of the positioning module: Taking the design center of the voltage regulating tower as the reference, a lifting gantry 1 is set up every 3 meters along the circumference of the voltage regulating tower wall. Each lifting gantry 1 is a rigid frame formed by welding or high-strength bolts to a crossbeam 101, an inner vertical beam 102 and an outer vertical beam 103, which serves as the core load-bearing component of the entire slipform system.

[0043] 2. Install the jacks and climbing system: Install two through jacks 104 on the crossbeam 101 and insert climbing rods 105. The lower end of the climbing rods 105 should be anchored to a solid foundation. Specifically, for jacks located on the outer side of the wall, install a positioning plate 108 on the crossbeam 101 on the side furthest from the center. A lead screw B110 is screwed into the threaded sleeve 109 on the positioning plate 108. The top end of the lead screw B110 is connected to the jack base via a reaction frame 111. The jack base is slidably connected to the crossbeam 101 to ensure that it can slide along the longitudinal direction (i.e., tangential direction) of the crossbeam.

[0044] 3. Install the active outer mold 2: Hoist the active outer mold 2 to the outside of the lifting gantry 1. The active outer mold 2 is composed of multiple sections of channel steel A201 connected by bolts into an arc shape, with a waler A202 installed behind it and a steel panel 203 on the surface. The active outer mold 2 is suspended from the flange plate at the lower part of the crossbeam 101 by the sliding buckle at the top of the upper suspension rod 204. At the same time, rotate the screw A107 installed at the upper and lower positions of the outer vertical beam 103 to drive the push rod 106 to push the channel steel A201 of the active outer mold 2, so as to initially position it.

[0045] 4. Connecting the Overall Rigid Structure: Connecting beams 3 are used to laterally connect the outer vertical beams 103 of adjacent lifting gantry 1, forming an integral rigid ring beam. On the inner side of the lifting gantry 1, inner trusses 7 and inner formwork 6 are installed, and the inner ends of all inner trusses 7 are connected as a whole by a central positioning ring beam 8. This central positioning ring beam 8 not only enhances the structural rigidity but also serves as a reference for the center positioning of the slipform. A plumb bob can be hung at its center point, aligned with the center of the voltage regulating tower, to monitor planar deviations during the slipforming process.

[0046] 5. Install the driven outer mold 4: Install the driven outer mold 4 between two adjacent active outer molds 2. The driven outer mold 4 is a flexible arc-shaped structure formed by connecting bolts 402 with several channel steels B401 connected by connecting bolts 402, and walers B403 are set on its outer side. The walers B403 at both ends of the driven outer mold 4 are inserted into the walers A202 of the adjacent active outer mold 2 to form a sliding connection. At the same time, the channel steels B401 of the driven outer mold 4 overlap with the steel panels 203 of the active outer mold 2, with an overlap width of X1 (e.g., 100-200mm), which prevents grout leakage and provides sliding space for diameter changes. The walers B403 are connected to the connecting beam 3 by screws C5.

[0047] 6. Secure the outer mold and install the platform: Wrap circular hoop steel wire ropes 9 around the top and bottom of the assembled outer arc template (i.e., the template formed by connecting all the active outer molds 2 and driven outer molds 4), and install tensioners at the wire rope joints. Tighten the steel wire ropes using the tensioners to secure all the outer molds as a whole. Finally, install the outer ring platform 12 and outer ring platform railing 13 on the top of the lifting gantry 1, and install the inner ring platform 10 and inner ring platform railing 11 on the inner truss 7 to form a safe working surface.

[0048] 7. Working and Adjustment Process:

[0049] Once assembly is complete, concrete pouring and slipform construction can begin.

[0050] Normal slipforming: Activate all through-hole jacks 104. The jacks climb synchronously along the climbing rods 105, driving the entire slipform structure (including the lifting gantry 1, inner and outer formwork, platform, etc.) upwards. Pour one layer of concrete, and after it reaches a certain strength, slipform up one layer, repeating this cycle until the wall is completed. During the upward slipforming process, continuously extend the climbing rods 105 to meet the needs of continuous slipforming as it climbs.

[0051] Wall thickness (outer formwork radius) adjustment:

[0052] Coarse adjustment (via active outer mold): When it is necessary to change the wall thickness, first rotate the lead screws A107 on each lifting gantry 1 synchronously. The lead screws A107 push the push rods 106, causing all active outer molds 2 to move inward or outward along the radial direction, thereby changing the radius of the entire outer mold ring connected to them. This adjustment is the main, large-range radius adjustment.

[0053] Fine-tuning and adaptive deformation (via driven outer mold): While the active outer mold 2 moves, the radial position of each driven outer mold 4 can be independently fine-tuned by rotating each lead screw C5 to ensure the roundness of the outer mold ring. Simultaneously, the movement of the active outer mold 2, through the sliding connection between waler A202 and waler B403, forces the driven outer mold 4 to move accordingly. The connecting bolts 402 between channel steels B401 allow for slight bending, enabling the driven outer mold 4 to adapt to the new radius of curvature. The distance X2 (e.g., 150-300mm) between adjacent channel steels A201 and B401 represents the maximum movable distance of the driven outer mold and also determines the maximum diameter variation range of this sliding mold system.

[0054] Auxiliary adjustment (by lateral movement of jacks): During the diameter change process, the mandrel 104 located on the outside can generate thrust or pull by rotating the screw B110, causing the mandrel 104 to slide longitudinally along the crossbeam 101, thereby compensating for the relative position change between the mandrel 104 and the climbing rod 105 and the active outer mold 2 caused by the change in the outer mold radius, and ensuring the stable operation of the climbing system.

[0055] Adjustment of the circular hoop wire rope: After the radius adjustment is completed, the tensioners of the upper and lower circular hoop wire ropes 9 need to be adjusted simultaneously to make the tension of the wire rope adapt to the new radius and always ensure the integrity of the outer mold system.

[0056] By combining the above-described embodiments, the present invention enables smooth and continuous adjustment of the thickness of a circular wall during the continuous pouring of concrete and continuous slipforming of formwork, greatly improving construction efficiency and flexibility.

[0057] Calculation formulas for 8 key parameters

[0058] 8.1 Formula for calculating slip velocity v

[0059] Slipform speed is one of the most critical parameters in hydraulic slipform construction, directly affecting the concrete's demolding strength, surface quality, and construction efficiency. Excessive speed can lead to concrete collapse and flow; insufficient speed can cause the concrete to bond with the formwork, resulting in "tear-and-pull" cracking and impacting the construction schedule.

[0060] 1. Core calculation formula:

[0061]

[0062] In the formula:

[0063] v: Lifting speed (m / h).

[0064] H: Template height (m).

[0065] t c Slipform strength (v): The time (in hours) required for concrete to reach its demolding strength after pouring. Demolding strength typically refers to the strength corresponding to a concrete penetration resistance of 0.3~0.5 MPa (or approximately 0.3~5 kgf / cm²). In practice, the slipform velocity v is generally controlled within the range of 0.1~0.3 m / h. During construction, concrete mix design tests are required to plot the relationship between setting time and penetration resistance, thereby determining the optimal slipform velocity under specific ambient temperatures. For example, if the formwork height H=1.2m, and the concrete is required to reach demolding strength 4 hours after pouring, then the theoretical slipform velocity v=1.2 / 4=0.3m / h.

[0066] 8.2 Specified value of overlap width X1

[0067] X1 is the width of the overlap between the channel steel B401 of the driven outer mold 4 and the steel panel 203 of the active outer mold 2.

[0068] 1. Functional Purpose:

[0069] Preventing grout leakage: Ensure that concrete grout does not leak from the joint between the active and passive outer forms.

[0070] Ensure smooth sliding: Provide guidance and coverage for the radial sliding of the driven outer mold relative to the active outer mold during the diameter change process, avoiding jamming.

[0071] Maintain the integrity of the template: Provide sufficient support area at the joints to maintain the continuity of the outer mold ring.

[0072] 2. Specified value:

[0073] Considering manufacturing errors, installation deviations, and minor deformations that may occur during diameter changes, X1 requires a safety margin. Its specified value should be within a range:

[0074] X1 = 100 mm ~ 200 mm (0.1 m ~ 0.2 m)

[0075] It is recommended to use 150mm as the design value for most operating conditions. This width can effectively seal the grout without increasing sliding friction or causing material interference due to excessive overlap.

[0076] 8.3 Formula for calculating movable distance X2

[0077] X2 is the initial design clearance between the channel steel A201 of the adjacent active outer mold 2 and the channel steel B401 of the driven outer mold 4. It directly determines the maximum diameter variation capability of the sliding mold system of this invention.

[0078]

[0079] X2: The movable distance (m) between adjacent channel steel A and channel steel B, that is, the maximum distance that the driven outer mold on one side can move.

[0080] ΔR_max: The maximum total radius change (m) that needs to be achieved in the design (i.e. the maximum change in wall thickness).

[0081] n: The total number of positioning modules (lifting gantry).

[0082] K: Safety factor and adjustment margin, typically taken as 1.2~1.5. Used to compensate for installation errors, structural elastic deformation, and to ensure smooth adjustment.

[0083] Formula for calculating the lifting force of an 8.4 jack

[0084] The lifting force design of the jacks must overcome the entire load borne by the slipform system during the slipforming process, with sufficient safety margin. During calculation, the total lifting load must be calculated first, and then the lifting force required for each jack must be determined based on the number of jacks.

[0085] 1. Total lifting load of the system (P) total ) Calculation formula

[0086] The total lifting load of the system consists of the following parts:

[0087] In the formula:

[0088] P total Total lifting load (kN) required for the hydraulic slipform system.

[0089] G system : Total self-weight of the sliding mode system (kN), this is the static load.

[0090] F friction Frictional resistance (kN) between the formwork and the concrete is a dynamic load and one of the main loads.

[0091]

[0092] μ: The coefficient of friction between concrete and formwork, which is generally taken as 0.4~0.5 depending on the formwork material (steel formwork) and construction conditions.

[0093] P lateral : Lateral pressure (kPa) of freshly poured concrete on the formwork. For slipform construction, since the formwork is dynamic, the calculation of lateral pressure is complex. Empirical formulas or simplified calculations are usually used, and the provisions in the "Technical Standard for Slipform Engineering" (GB50113) can be referenced. A common simplification is to take its maximum value, approximately γ×H (γ is the unit weight of concrete, and H is the effective height of the formwork).

[0094] A contact : Contact area between the formwork and the concrete (m²).

[0095] F adhesion : Bond force between the formwork and the concrete (kN). This force increases significantly, especially when restarting after a pause in the slipform. Its value is related to the setting state of the concrete and the surface smoothness of the formwork. It is generally determined empirically, typically 1.5~3.0 kN / m² multiplied by the contact area.

[0096] F otherOther loads (kN). These include construction loads (workers, equipment, and material loads), wind loads (especially important for tall structures), and additional internal forces generated by tensioning the circular hoop wire rope 9 and adjusting the screws (A, B, C).

[0097] K: Safety factor. Considering the uncertainty of load calculation, asynchronous operation of jacks, and leakage in the hydraulic system, it should be taken as 2.0~2.5.

[0098] 2. Formula for calculating the lifting force (P_single) required for a single jack

[0099] Once the total load is obtained, the bearing capacity requirement of a single jack can be calculated.

[0100]

[0101] In the formula:

[0102] P single The minimum rated lifting force (kN) required for a single 104 through-hole jack.

[0103] n: The total number of through-hole jacks 104 in the system. In this invention, each lifting gantry 1 is equipped with two jacks. If there are N gantry 1s in total, then n = 2N.

[0104] This formula for calculating the lifting force, together with the slip velocity v, the overlap width X1, and the movable distance X2, constitutes a complete and quantifiable basis for the design and implementation of this invention, ensuring the scientific validity and feasibility of the technical solution from structural design to power configuration.

[0105] Workflow of this invention patent:

[0106] The workflow of this invention patent, "A Hydraulic Slipform Structure for a Circular Pressure Regulating Tower with Adjustable Radius," is a dynamic and continuous construction process integrating formwork slipforming, concrete pouring, and structural diameter adjustment. Its core lies in achieving synchronous and continuous adjustment of the circular wall thickness during uninterrupted hydraulic slipforming. The entire workflow can be divided into four main stages: ① Construction preparation and system assembly, ② System initialization and trial slipforming, ③ Normal slipforming and dynamic diameter adjustment, ④ Slipforming completion and system dismantling.

[0107] Phase 1: Construction Preparation and System Assembly

[0108] 1. Site and foundation preparation: Complete the foundation construction at the designed location of the voltage regulating tower, ensure that the top surface of the foundation is flat, and accurately measure and mark the center point and initial radius of the voltage regulating tower.

[0109] 2. Installation of Climbing Rods and Centering: According to the design location, vertically install all climbing rods 105, ensuring their lower ends are reliably anchored in the foundation or underlying structure. Set a plumb bob or laser plumb line at the center point as the centering reference for the entire slipform system.

[0110] 3. Assemble the core structure:

[0111] Positioning module installation: Using the tower center as a reference, install a lifting gantry 1 every 3 meters along the circumference to ensure that its inner vertical beam 102 and outer vertical beam 103 are radially aligned.

[0112] Install the jack system: Install the through jack 104 on the crossbeam 101 and fit it onto the climbing rod 105. Install the lead screw B110 and the reaction frame 111 onto the jacks in the designated positions.

[0113] Connecting rigid ring beam: Install connecting beam 3 to connect all lifting gantry 1 to form an outer rigid ring;

[0114] Install the inner truss 7 and the central positioning ring beam 8 to form an inner ring stable structure.

[0115] 4. Template system installation:

[0116] Hanging the active outer mold 2: The assembled active outer mold 2 is suspended on the lifting gantry 1 by the lifting rod 204, and is initially radially positioned by the top rod 106 and the lead screw A107.

[0117] Filling driven outer mold 4: Install driven outer mold 4 between two active outer molds 2, ensuring that its waler B403 is inserted into the waler A202, and that the overlap width X1 between channel steel B401 and steel panel 203 meets the design requirements.

[0118] Fastening and sealing: Install two round steel wire ropes 9 at the top and bottom and use a tensioner to initially tighten them so that the inner and outer templates form a closed and stable cylindrical structure.

[0119] 5. Safety facility installation: Install inner and outer ring platforms (10, 12) and railings (11, 13), and arrange hydraulic control system and concrete pouring pipelines.

[0120] Phase Two: System Initialization and Trial Lifting

[0121] 1. System debugging: Start the hydraulic system and check whether all the through-hole jacks 104 are running synchronously and normally. Check whether the transmission of each lead screw (A, B, C) is smooth and without jamming.

[0122] 2. Initial Formwork Adjustment: Based on the initial wall thickness, simultaneously rotate all lead screws A107 and C5 to adjust the entire outer formwork system to the design radius. Then, tighten the round hoop steel wire rope 9 again.

[0123] 3. Trial slipforming: Pour the first layer of concrete into the formwork (about 20-30cm high). When the concrete strength reaches the initial setting requirement (usually able to withstand the slipforming without collapsing), start the jacks to lift the entire slipform system 2-3 strokes (about 5-10cm).

[0124] 4. Inspection and Correction: Inspect the concrete strength and surface quality after slipforming, and measure the system center deviation. If deviation is found, it can be corrected by adjusting the lifting difference of the jacks in different zones. This stage verifies the stability and reliability of the entire system.

[0125] Phase 3: Normal Slipforming and Dynamic Diameter Variable Cutting (Core Technology)

[0126] This is a continuous, cyclical construction phase, and the process is as follows: Figure 9 Show;

[0127] Process description:

[0128] Cyclic slipforming: During the normal slipforming phase, operators perform cyclical operations following the rhythm of "pouring concrete → waiting for initial concrete setting → hydraulic slipforming". The slipforming height for each operation is matched with the thickness of the concrete pouring layer, typically consisting of one or several strokes.

[0129] Dynamic diameter change: When the wall thickness needs to be changed according to design requirements, the diameter change operation is completed within the slip interval (i.e., after concrete pouring and before the next slip).

[0130] Instruction issued: Based on the design drawings and measurement data, the construction commander issues a diameter change instruction (increasing or decreasing the radius).

[0131] Coordinated adjustment: Workers at each operating position synchronously rotate the lead screw A107 in their assigned area, pushing all active outer molds 2 to move synchronously radially. This is the main adjustment.

[0132] Follower adaptation: The synchronously rotating lead screw C5 causes the driven outer mold 4 to move accordingly, and its flexible connection adapts to the new curvature, ensuring that the template is smooth and free of sharp edges. This is an auxiliary and adaptive adjustment.

[0133] System tightening: Adjust the tensioner of the circular hoop wire rope 9 to maintain tension at the new radius.

[0134] Climbing system compensation: Rotate lead screw B110 to make the outer jack slide laterally along the crossbeam, compensating for the change in the relative position of climbing rod 105 and jack caused by the movement of the outer mold, and ensuring smooth climbing.

[0135] Real-time monitoring: Throughout the slipforming and diameter change process, the offset of the slipform center is continuously monitored using a plumb bob or laser alignment system at the center of the central positioning ring beam 8, and real-time correction is performed by adjusting the lifting difference of the jacks in different zones.

[0136] Phase 4: Completion of slipforming and system dismantling

[0137] 1. Slipforming to the top: When the top of the formwork slips to the design elevation, stop pouring concrete, but continue to slip slowly until the formwork is completely separated from the wall.

[0138] 2. System disintegration:

[0139] First, loosen and remove the round hoop steel wire rope 9.

[0140] Disconnect the connection between the driven outer mold 4 and the active outer mold 2.

[0141] Disconnect the active outer mold 2 from the lifting gantry 1 (suspender rod 204, top rod 106).

[0142] Using tower cranes and other equipment, the connecting components, such as the connecting beam 3, the inner truss 7, and the central positioning ring beam 8, were dismantled in sections.

[0143] Finally, each lifting gantry 1, along with the jacks and formwork on it, is lifted off as a whole.

[0144] 3. Post-processing: Seal and repair the 105 holes on the climbing pole, and complete subsequent work such as wall maintenance.

[0145] Workflow summary:

[0146] This invention organically combines a formwork system with a hydraulic jacking system and a precision mechanical adjustment mechanism (screws A / B / C), achieving mechanization, continuity, and controllability of the construction process. Its core advantage lies in transforming the traditional "segmented formwork, intermittent construction" mode into an advanced "single-time formwork, continuous slipforming, dynamic diameter adjustment" mode. It is particularly suitable for the construction of tall, circular, thin-walled concrete structures with variable cross-sectional characteristics, significantly improving construction efficiency, ensuring overall project quality, and reducing labor intensity.

[0147] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulic sliding mold structure for a circular pressure regulating tower with adjustable radius, characterized in that: The system includes a lifting gantry, on which through-hole jacks are installed for the sliding of the overall formwork. An active outer formwork is installed on the outside of the lifting gantry. The active outer formwork and the lifting gantry are connected together by hangers, top rods and screw A to form a positioning module. A group of positioning modules is set every 3 meters along the circumference of the wall. Each group is connected laterally to form an integral rigid structure by the inner formwork, inner truss set on the inner side of the lifting gantry and the connecting beam set on the outer side. Each active outer formwork is provided with a driven outer formwork, and the active outer formwork and the driven outer formwork are connected into a whole by a connecting device.

2. The adjustable radius circular pressure regulating tower hydraulic sliding mold structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting gantry is equipped with a crossbeam, an inner vertical beam, and an outer vertical beam, which are connected to form a rigid structure as the main load-bearing component. Two through-hole jacks are installed on the crossbeam, and each through-hole jack is equipped with a climbing rod, which allows the through-hole jack to climb upwards.

3. The adjustable radius circular pressure regulating tower hydraulic sliding mold structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are two jacks. One of the jacks on the outer side of the wall has a positioning plate on the side away from the center. The positioning plate has an internal threaded sleeve, and a screw B is installed inside the internal threaded sleeve. A reaction frame is installed between the top of the screw B and the jack base. The jack base and the crossbeam are connected by a sliding connection mechanism, which allows the jack to slide longitudinally along the crossbeam.

4. The adjustable radius circular pressure regulating tower hydraulic sliding mold structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer vertical beam is equipped with an active outer mold on the side near the center. The active outer mold consists of channel steel A, waler A, steel panel, and hanger rod. The channel steel A has multiple components that are connected to each other by bolts. The steel panel is mainly to accommodate the connection, expansion, contraction, and diameter change of the active and driven outer molds.

5. The adjustable radius circular pressure regulating tower hydraulic sliding mold structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The active outer mold is equipped with a suspension rod at the top, and the top of the suspension rod is equipped with a sliding buckle that is fastened to the flange plate at the bottom of the crossbeam. The outer vertical beam is equipped with a top rod and a screw A at the top and bottom. The top rod passes through the outer vertical beam and is hinged to the channel steel A. The screw A can drive the top rod to slide in the outer vertical beam along the radius of the voltage regulating tower.

6. The adjustable radius circular pressure regulating tower hydraulic sliding mold structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The active outer mold and the lifting gantry are connected and combined into a positioning module by the suspension rod, the top rod and the screw A. The positioning module is set at approximately 3 meters along the circumference of the wall. A connecting beam is set between each module, and the connecting beam connects the adjacent outer vertical beams together as the main force transmission component.

7. The adjustable radius circular pressure regulating tower hydraulic sliding mold structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The adjustable radius circular pressure regulating tower hydraulic sliding mold structure according to the claim is characterized in that: a driven outer mold is set between two adjacent active outer molds, the driven outer mold is made of several channel steels B connected together by connecting bolts, and a waler B is set on the upper and lower sides of the outer side of the channel steel B. The waler B is connected to the connecting beam by a screw C. The screw C rotates and slides inside the connecting beam, thereby pushing the driven outer mold to move towards the center of the circle.

8. The adjustable radius circular pressure regulating tower hydraulic sliding mold structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The two ends of the waler B on the driven outer mold extend beyond the range of the channel steel B and are inserted into the waler A on the active outer mold for sliding connection. The channel steel B on the driven outer mold overlaps with the steel panel on the active outer mold, with an overlap width of X. The overlap connection prevents grout leakage during concrete pouring and facilitates smooth sliding of the driven outer mold to the active outer mold during the change of the sliding mold radius. The distance between adjacent channel steel A and channel steel B is the distance X that the driven outer mold can move to the active outer mold. The setting of this range of X determines the range of change of the sliding mold radius.

9. The adjustable radius circular pressure regulating tower hydraulic sliding mold structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The active outer mold and the driven outer mold are connected together to form an integral outer arc template. Two circular hoop steel wire ropes are set on the upper and lower parts of the outer arc template to connect the active outer mold and the driven outer mold into a whole. A tensioner is set in the middle of each circular hoop steel wire rope.

10. The adjustable radius circular pressure regulating tower hydraulic sliding mold structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The lifting gantry is provided with an inner truss on the side near the center. The end of the inner truss is provided with a central positioning ring beam. All the inner trusses are connected into a whole through the central positioning ring beam to meet the force requirements. The inner truss is provided with an inner ring platform and an inner ring platform railing. The outer ring platform is provided on the outer side of the top of the lifting gantry and an outer ring platform railing.

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