Clamp mechanical auxiliary supporting device and supporting method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of machining fixture, and discloses a kind of clamp mechanical auxiliary supporting device and supporting method, including support rod, inclined iron, push rod and spring.The present application is pulled back by push rod and drives inclined iron to move back and lock push rod, support rod loses the support of inclined iron and freely slides down under gravity, to avoid the interference of support rod to workpiece placement;Push rod is unlocked, spring releases elastic force and pushes push rod and inclined iron to slide forward, the inclined surface of inclined iron pushes the bottom inclined surface of support rod and lifts support rod, spring elastic force is converted into support force less than workpiece gravity, support rod is attached to workpiece and prevents support rod from lifting workpiece using workpiece gravity, to maintain the initial positioning state of workpiece unchanged;Workpiece transmits clamping force and cutting force to support rod, and the bottom inclined surface and inclined surface are subjected to vertical downward force and self-locked to prevent support rod from moving downward, to increase support stiffness and prevent workpiece from vibrating during machining.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machining fixture technology, and in particular to a mechanical auxiliary support device and support method for fixtures. Background Technology

[0002] When machining thin-walled parts, box-shaped parts, and castings with poor rigidity, general-purpose mechanical fixtures require auxiliary support devices to increase the workpiece's mounting rigidity and machining accuracy. Before clamping the workpiece, the support rods of existing auxiliary support devices protrude beyond the clamping positioning surface of the general-purpose mechanical fixture. When the operator places the workpiece onto the fixture, the support rods are prone to colliding with the workpiece, causing workpiece placement interference and increasing the difficulty of clamping preparation.

[0003] After the workpiece is placed on a general-purpose mechanical fixture to establish its initial positioning, the auxiliary support device needs to move upwards to fit against the bottom surface of the workpiece. However, when existing auxiliary support devices move upwards to fit against the workpiece, the upward driving force is often difficult to control. When the upward support force exceeds the weight of the workpiece, the support rod will push the workpiece upwards, disrupting the initial positioning established on the general-purpose mechanical fixture.

[0004] During workpiece machining, tightening the workpiece clamping bolts generates a vertically downward clamping force, and machining the workpiece generates a vertically downward cutting force. The clamping force and cutting force work together on the workpiece and transmit the vertically downward force to the auxiliary support device.

[0005] Existing auxiliary support devices lack heavy-duty self-locking structures. When subjected to vertical downward forces, the support rods are prone to downward displacement under pressure. This downward displacement of the support rods causes the workpiece to lose its bottom support, resulting in vibration and clamping deformation during machining of thin-walled parts, box-shaped parts, and castings with poor rigidity, thus reducing the quality of the workpiece machining. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a mechanical auxiliary support device and support method for clamping, which at least solves the technical problems of existing auxiliary support devices, such as the support rod interfering with the placement of the workpiece before clamping, the support force exceeding the workpiece's weight when the support rod moves upward to fit the workpiece, thus destroying the workpiece's initial positioning state, and the support rod moving downward when subjected to clamping force and cutting force, causing the workpiece to vibrate and deform during processing.

[0007] This invention provides the following solution:

[0008] The first aspect of the present invention provides a mechanical auxiliary support device for a clamp, comprising a support rod, a wedge, a push rod, and a spring;

[0009] The support rod is set vertically, with its bottom end contacting the top of the wedge, and the side end of the wedge connected to the push rod, which passes through the spring.

[0010] The top of the wedge has a slope, and the bottom of the support rod has a bottom slope. The slope at the top of the wedge and the bottom slope at the bottom of the support rod are closely fitted together, and the angle of the slope at the top of the wedge is the same as the angle of the bottom slope at the bottom of the support rod.

[0011] When the spring is in a free state, it generates a thrust. When the thrust generated by the spring pushes the wedge and the push rod to slide forward in the horizontal direction, the inclined surface at the top of the wedge supports the bottom inclined surface at the bottom of the support rod. The relative sliding between the inclined surface at the top of the wedge and the bottom inclined surface at the bottom of the support rod converts the horizontal linear motion of the wedge into the vertical linear motion of the support rod.

[0012] The support rod has an opening slot on its side. The clamping mechanical auxiliary support device also includes a positioning pin c. The positioning pin c passes into the opening slot on the side of the support rod. The outer surface of the positioning pin c contacts and engages with the inner surface of the opening slot. The contact engagement between the positioning pin c and the opening slot prevents the support rod from rotating around its central axis during movement. The opening slot has a length dimension in the vertical direction. When the support rod moves up and down, the positioning pin c abuts against the inner wall of the top or bottom end of the opening slot. The abutment between the positioning pin c and the inner wall of the opening slot limits the range of vertical movement of the support rod.

[0013] The wedge has a keyway on its side. The mechanical auxiliary support device of the clamp also includes a positioning pin a. The positioning pin a is inserted into the keyway on the side of the wedge. The outer surface of the positioning pin a contacts the inner surface of the keyway. The mating structure of the positioning pin a and the keyway restricts the rotational freedom of the wedge and prevents the wedge from rotating during movement.

[0014] The push rod has a positioning hole on its side. The clamping mechanical auxiliary support device also includes a positioning pin b, which is inserted into the positioning hole on the side of the push rod to prevent the push rod and the wedge from moving forward under the thrust generated by the spring. The push rod and the wedge are connected by threads.

[0015] The support rod has a top surface. After the top surface of the support rod is in contact with the workpiece, the weight of the workpiece acts vertically downward on the support rod. The support rod transfers the weight of the workpiece to the contact surface between the bottom inclined surface and the inclined surface at the top of the inclined iron. The bottom inclined surface at the bottom of the support rod and the inclined surface at the top of the inclined iron are self-locked by the weight of the workpiece to prevent the support rod from moving downward and at the same time prevent the inclined iron from sliding backward in the horizontal direction.

[0016] The clamping force generated by the tightening bolts and the cutting force generated by the machining of the workpiece by the general-purpose mechanical fixture are applied vertically downwards to the workpiece. The workpiece transmits the clamping force and the cutting force to the support rod. The support rod transmits the vertical downward force to the contact surface between the bottom inclined surface and the inclined surface at the top of the wedge. The bottom inclined surface at the bottom of the support rod and the inclined surface at the top of the wedge are self-locked by the vertical downward force, preventing the support rod from moving downwards in the vertical direction. At the same time, it prevents the vertical downward force from being converted into a thrust that pushes the wedge to slide backwards in the horizontal direction.

[0017] A second aspect of the present invention provides a mechanically assisted support method for a clamp, comprising the following steps:

[0018] Perform the pre-clamping action sequence: pull the push rod backward, the push rod overcomes the elastic force generated by the spring and moves backward in the horizontal direction, the push rod moves backward in the horizontal direction and drives the wedge to move backward in sync; after the push rod is pulled back to the position, insert the positioning pin b into the positioning hole opened on the side of the push rod, the positioning pin b prevents the push rod and the wedge from sliding forward under the elastic force generated by the spring;

[0019] As the wedge moves backward, the bottom of the support rod loses the contact support of the wedge, and the support rod slides freely downward in the vertical direction under the action of gravity. After the support rod slides freely downward, the height of the top surface of the support rod is lower than the height of the clamping positioning surface of a general-purpose mechanical fixture.

[0020] Execute the workpiece positioning action sequence: After the support rod completes the downward free sliding action, the workpiece is placed on the general-purpose mechanical fixture. The fixture positioning pin of the general-purpose mechanical fixture is inserted into the workpiece positioning hole to establish the workpiece positioning state.

[0021] Execute the support intervention and solidification sequence: Pull out the positioning pin b, the positioning pin b is pulled away from the positioning hole opened on the side of the push rod, the push rod loses its limit, the spring releases its elastic force, and the elastic force released by the spring pushes the push rod and the wedge to slide forward in the horizontal direction;

[0022] The wedge slides forward horizontally, and the inclined surface at the top of the wedge pushes against the bottom inclined surface at the bottom of the support rod. The relative movement between the inclined surface and the bottom inclined surface lifts the support rod, and the support rod moves upward vertically until the top surface of the support rod is in contact with the workpiece. Tighten the workpiece clamping bolts according to the installation and tightening sequence.

[0023] The support rod moves vertically upward until its top surface is in contact with the workpiece. The vertical upward support force of the support rod is less than the weight of the workpiece, and the weight of the workpiece prevents the support rod from lifting the workpiece.

[0024] The clamping force generated by tightening the workpiece clamping bolts acts vertically downward on the workpiece, and the cutting force generated by machining the workpiece acts vertically downward on the workpiece. The workpiece transmits the clamping force and cutting force to the support rod, and the support rod transmits the vertically downward force to the contact surface between the bottom inclined plane and the inclined plane.

[0025] The bottom inclined plane is self-locked by the downward vertical force, preventing the support rod from moving downward in the vertical direction and preventing the downward vertical force from being converted into a thrust that pushes the inclined iron backward in the horizontal direction.

[0026] The above solution achieves the following beneficial technical effects:

[0027] This invention overcomes the elastic force generated by the spring by pulling the push rod backward, causing the wedge to move backward. The positioning pin b is inserted into the positioning hole on the side of the push rod for limiting and locking. The bottom of the support rod loses the contact support of the wedge and slides freely downward under gravity to the position surface of the clamping fixture of a general-purpose mechanical fixture. This avoids the support rod interfering with the placement of the workpiece and provides an interference-free clamping and placement space for thin-walled parts, box-shaped parts and castings with poor rigidity.

[0028] This invention releases the limiting force on the push rod by pulling out the positioning pin b. The spring releases its elastic force, pushing the push rod and the wedge to slide forward in the horizontal direction. The inclined surface at the top of the wedge pushes against the bottom inclined surface at the bottom of the support rod. The relative movement between the inclined surface and the bottom inclined surface lifts the support rod. The spring force is converted into a vertical upward supporting force less than the weight of the workpiece. Thus, while establishing a close contact between the support rod and the bottom of the workpiece, the workpiece's weight is used to prevent the support rod from lifting the workpiece, maintaining the initial positioning state of the workpiece on a general-purpose mechanical fixture.

[0029] This invention transmits the clamping force generated by the workpiece clamping bolt and the cutting force generated by machining the workpiece vertically downward to the support rod. The support rod then transmits the vertical downward force to the contact surface between the bottom inclined surface of the support rod and the inclined surface at the top of the wedge. The bottom inclined surface and the inclined surface self-lock under the vertical downward force, thereby preventing the support rod from moving downward in the vertical direction, counteracting the clamping force and cutting force, increasing the installation rigidity and stability of the workpiece, and preventing vibration and clamping deformation during the machining of thin-walled parts, box-type parts, and castings with poor rigidity. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 3 This is a side sectional view of the present invention.

[0033] Among them, 1. support rod; 2. wedge; 3. positioning pin a; 4. push rod; 5. positioning pin b; 6. spring; 7. keyway; 8. positioning pin c. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] See attached document Figure 1 To be continued Figure 3 This invention provides a mechanical auxiliary support device and support method for a clamp. The mechanical auxiliary support device is a general-purpose mechanical clamp used for processing thin-walled parts, box-shaped parts, and castings with poor rigidity.

[0036] When machining thin-walled parts, box-shaped parts, and castings with poor rigidity, in order to avoid vibration and clamping deformation during machining, general-purpose mechanical fixtures need to use auxiliary supports to increase the installation rigidity, stability, and machining accuracy of the workpiece.

[0037] The mechanical auxiliary support device for the clamp includes a support rod 1, a wedge 2, a locating pin a3, a push rod 4, a locating pin b5, a spring 6, a keyway 7, and a locating pin c8.

[0038] The bottom end of the support rod 1 contacts the top of the wedge 2, the side end of the wedge 2 is connected to the push rod 4, the push rod 4 passes through the spring 6, the fixture mechanical auxiliary support device is installed on a general-purpose mechanical fixture, the top end of the support rod 1 contacts the workpiece, the fixture mechanical auxiliary support device provides support for the workpiece without destroying the original positioning state of the workpiece, meets the usage requirements of processing thin-walled parts, box-type parts and castings with poor rigidity, and reduces the manufacturing cost of auxiliary support for general-purpose mechanical fixtures.

[0039] A spring 6 passes through the connection between the push rod 4 and the wedge 2. The push rod 4 moves horizontally, which drives the wedge 2 to move horizontally in sync. The top of the wedge 2 has an inclined surface, and the bottom of the support rod 1 has a bottom inclined surface. The inclined surface and the bottom inclined surface are in close contact, and the angle of the inclined surface is the same as the angle of the bottom inclined surface. When the spring 6 is in a free state, it generates a thrust. The thrust of the spring 6 pushes the wedge 2 and the push rod 4 to slide forward horizontally. When the wedge 2 slides forward horizontally, the inclined surface supports and pushes against the bottom inclined surface. The relative sliding of the inclined surface and the bottom inclined surface converts the horizontal linear motion of the wedge 2 into the vertical linear motion of the support rod 1. The support rod 1 receives the power transmitted by the wedge 2 and moves vertically up and down.

[0040] The support rod 1 is set along the vertical direction. The support rod 1 moves up and down. The top end of the support rod 1 contacts the workpiece, and the bottom end of the support rod 1 has a bottom slope, which contacts the wedge 2.

[0041] To address the issue of the support rod 1 rotating and dislodging during workpiece clamping, an opening slot is provided on the side of the support rod 1. A locating pin c8 is inserted into the opening slot of the support rod 1, and the outer surface of the locating pin c8 contacts and engages with the inner surface of the opening slot, preventing the support rod 1 from rotating around its central axis during movement. The opening slot has a length dimension along the vertical direction. When the support rod 1 moves up and down, the locating pin c8 abuts against the inner wall of the top or bottom end of the opening slot, limiting the range of vertical movement of the support rod 1. The engaging structure of the locating pin c8 and the opening slot prevents the support rod 1 from rotating and limits the travel of the support rod 1.

[0042] The wedge 2 is positioned below the support rod 1. To address the technical issue of the wedge 2 rotating during horizontal sliding, a keyway 7 is provided on the side of the wedge 2. A positioning pin a3 is inserted into the keyway 7, with the outer surface of the positioning pin a3 contacting the inner surface of the keyway 7. The mating structure between the positioning pin a3 and the keyway 7 restricts the rotational freedom of the wedge 2, preventing it from rotating during movement. The top of the wedge 2 has an inclined surface, and the bottom of the support rod 1 has a bottom inclined surface. The inclined surfaces fit tightly together, and the angle of the inclined surfaces is the same as the angle of the bottom inclined surface.

[0043] To address the technical problem of the support rod 1 falling back under pressure after the workpiece is clamped, after the top surface of the support rod 1 is in contact with the workpiece, the weight of the workpiece acts vertically downward on the support rod 1. The support rod 1 transfers the weight of the workpiece to the contact surface between the bottom inclined surfaces. The bottom inclined surfaces self-lock due to gravity, preventing the support rod 1 from moving downward and simultaneously preventing the wedge 2 from sliding backward in the horizontal direction. The self-locking state of the bottom inclined surfaces maintains the supporting effect of the support rod 1 on the workpiece.

[0044] The push rod 4 and the wedge 2 are connected by a thread. A spring 6 passes through the connection between the push rod 4 and the wedge 2. To solve the technical problem of driving the wedge 2 forward, the spring 6 generates elastic force when it is in a free state. The elastic force generated by the spring 6 pushes the push rod 4 and the wedge 2 to slide forward in the horizontal direction. To solve the technical problem of restricting the forward movement of the push rod 4 and the wedge 2 before clamping the workpiece, a positioning hole is opened on the side of the push rod 4. Pulling the push rod 4 backward causes the wedge 2 to be pulled back. The positioning pin b5 is inserted into the positioning hole on the side of the push rod 4. The positioning pin b5 prevents the push rod 4 and the wedge 2 from moving forward under the elastic force of the spring 6. The push rod 4 stops sliding forward due to the limitation of the positioning pin b5. The wedge 2 stops sliding forward, and the support rod 1 loses support and falls downward.

[0045] To solve the technical problem of the support rod 1 interfering with the placement of the workpiece before clamping, the mechanical auxiliary support device of the fixture performs an initial retraction action before clamping the workpiece, pulling the push rod 4 backward. The push rod 4 overcomes the elastic force of the spring 6 and moves backward in the horizontal direction. The movement of the push rod 4 drives the wedge 2 to be pulled backward in the horizontal direction. After the push rod 4 is pulled into place, the positioning pin b5 is inserted into the positioning hole opened on the side of the push rod 4.

[0046] The positioning pin b5 is inserted into the positioning hole on the side of the push rod 4 to restrict the push rod 4 from sliding forward. The wedge 2 follows the push rod 4 and remains in the position of being pulled back. The movement of the wedge 2 backward causes the inclined surface at the top of the wedge 2 to move backward as well. The bottom inclined surface at the bottom of the support rod 1 loses the support of the inclined surface, and the support rod 1 slides freely downward in the vertical direction under the action of gravity.

[0047] After the support rod 1 slides down freely, the height of the top surface of the support rod 1 is lower than the height of the fixture positioning surface of the general-purpose mechanical fixture. The support rod 1 retracts to below the fixture positioning surface to provide interference-free space, thus completing the clamping preparation process for placing the workpiece onto the general-purpose mechanical fixture.

[0048] In order to solve the technical problem of achieving the fit between the support rod 1 and the bottom of the workpiece without damaging the original positioning state of the workpiece, the workpiece is placed on a general-purpose mechanical fixture. After the positioning pin of the general-purpose mechanical fixture is inserted into the positioning hole of the workpiece, the positioning pin b5 is pulled out.

[0049] Positioning pin b5 is pulled out of the positioning hole of push rod 4, push rod 4 loses its limit, spring 6 releases its elastic force, and the elastic force of spring 6 pushes push rod 4 and wedge 2 to slide forward in the horizontal direction. Wedge 2 slides forward in the horizontal direction, and the inclined surface at the top of wedge 2 pushes against the bottom inclined surface of the support rod 1.

[0050] The relative movement between the inclined plane and the bottom inclined plane lifts the support rod 1. The support rod 1 moves upward in the vertical direction until the top surface of the support rod 1 is in contact with the workpiece. The elastic force of the spring 6 is converted into a vertically upward supporting force of the support rod 1. The vertically upward supporting force of the support rod 1 is less than the weight of the workpiece. The weight of the workpiece counteracts the upward supporting force of the support rod 1, preventing the support rod 1 from lifting the workpiece. While establishing contact with the bottom of the workpiece, the support rod 1 maintains the initial positioning state of the workpiece on the general-purpose mechanical fixture.

[0051] To address the technical problem of the support rod 1 retracting downwards when the workpiece is subjected to clamping and cutting forces, the workpiece clamping bolts are tightened according to the installation and tightening sequence after the top surface of the support rod 1 is in contact with the workpiece.

[0052] The clamping force generated by the tightening bolts and the cutting force generated by the general-purpose mechanical fixtures are applied vertically downwards to the workpiece. The workpiece transmits the clamping force and cutting force to the support rod 1, and the support rod 1 transmits the vertically downward force to the contact surface between the bottom inclined plane and the inclined plane.

[0053] The bottom inclined plane and the inclined plane are self-locked by the vertically downward force. The self-locking of the bottom inclined plane and the inclined plane prevents the support rod 1 from moving downward in the vertical direction. At the same time, it prevents the vertically downward force from being converted into a thrust that pushes the wedge 2 to slide backward in the horizontal direction. The self-locking state of the bottom inclined plane and the inclined plane maintains the vertical position of the support rod 1 unchanged. The support rod 1 counteracts the clamping force and cutting force, preventing the workpiece from vibrating and being deformed by clamping.

[0054] See attached document Figure 1 To be continued Figure 3 Based on the above-mentioned clamping mechanical auxiliary support device, the present invention also provides a clamping mechanical auxiliary support method. In order to solve the technical problems of vibration and clamping deformation during the processing of thin-walled parts, box-type parts and castings with poor rigidity, the workpiece clamping support method performs an implementation environment preparation step.

[0055] The workpiece clamping and support method adopts a general-purpose mechanical fixture in conjunction with a mechanical auxiliary support device. The mechanical auxiliary support device is installed on the general-purpose mechanical fixture. The general-purpose mechanical fixture has a fixture positioning surface and a fixture positioning pin. The mechanical auxiliary support device includes a support rod 1, a wedge 2, a positioning pin a3, a push rod 4, a positioning pin b5, a spring 6, a keyway 7, and a positioning pin c8.

[0056] The mechanical auxiliary support device of the clamping fixture is assembled into a general-purpose mechanical clamp to form the execution structure of the workpiece clamping and support method. The execution structure of the workpiece clamping and support method is used to receive thin-walled parts, box-shaped parts and castings with poor rigidity. The execution structure of the workpiece clamping and support method is prepared to execute the pre-clamping action sequence and increases the installation rigidity and machining accuracy of thin-walled parts, box-shaped parts and castings with poor rigidity without destroying the original positioning state of the workpiece.

[0057] To solve the technical problem of the support rod 1 interfering with the placement of the workpiece before clamping, the workpiece clamping support method executes a pre-clamping action sequence, pulling the push rod 4 backward. The push rod 4 overcomes the elastic force generated by the spring 6 and moves backward in the horizontal direction.

[0058] The push rod 4 moves backward in the horizontal direction, causing the wedge 2 to move backward in sync. After the push rod 4 is pulled back into place, the positioning pin b5 is inserted into the positioning hole opened on the side of the push rod 4. The positioning pin b5 inserted into the positioning hole opened on the side of the push rod 4 prevents the push rod 4 and the wedge 2 from sliding forward under the elastic force of the spring 6.

[0059] As the wedge 2 moves backward, the bottom of the support rod 1 loses the contact support of the wedge 2. Under the action of gravity, the support rod 1 slides freely downward in the vertical direction. After the support rod 1 slides freely downward, the height of the top surface of the support rod 1 is lower than the height of the clamping positioning surface of the ordinary general-purpose mechanical fixture. The height of the top surface of the support rod 1 is lower than the height of the clamping positioning surface of the ordinary general-purpose mechanical fixture, which completes the pre-clamping action sequence and provides a workpiece placement space without interference.

[0060] To solve the technical problem of determining the initial position of a workpiece on a general-purpose mechanical fixture, the workpiece clamping and support method executes a workpiece positioning action sequence. After the support rod 1 completes its retraction action, the workpiece is placed on the general-purpose mechanical fixture.

[0061] After the workpiece is placed, the locating pin of the general-purpose mechanical fixture is inserted into the workpiece's locating hole, establishing the workpiece's positioning. The top surface of support rod 1 is lower than the locating surface of the general-purpose mechanical fixture, ensuring that the workpiece does not contact support rod 1 during placement and positioning. The workpiece's positioning provides the basis for subsequent support actions.

[0062] To address the technical challenge of achieving contact between the support rod 1 and the bottom of the workpiece while bearing the processing load without disrupting the original positioning of the workpiece, the workpiece clamping support method employs a support intervention and solidification sequence.

[0063] After the workpiece is positioned, the positioning pin b5 is pulled out. The positioning pin b5 is pulled away from the positioning hole of the push rod 4, the push rod 4 loses its limit, the spring 6 releases its elastic force, and the elastic force of the spring 6 pushes the push rod 4 and the wedge 2 to slide forward in the horizontal direction. The wedge 2 slides forward in the horizontal direction, and the inclined surface at the top of the wedge 2 pushes against the bottom inclined surface of the support rod 1.

[0064] The relative movement between the inclined plane and the bottom inclined plane lifts the support rod 1. The support rod 1 moves upward in the vertical direction until the top surface of the support rod 1 is in contact with the workpiece. The vertical upward support force of the support rod 1 is less than the weight of the workpiece. The weight of the workpiece prevents the support rod 1 from lifting the workpiece. After the top surface of the support rod 1 is in contact with the workpiece, the workpiece clamping bolts are tightened according to the installation and tightening sequence. The clamping force generated by tightening the workpiece clamping bolts acts vertically downward on the workpiece.

[0065] The cutting force generated during workpiece processing acts vertically downward on the workpiece. The workpiece transmits the clamping force and cutting force to the support rod 1. The support rod 1 transmits the vertically downward force to the contact surface between the bottom inclined plane and the inclined plane. The bottom inclined plane and the inclined plane are self-locked by the vertically downward force. The self-locking of the bottom inclined plane and the inclined plane prevents the support rod 1 from moving downward in the vertical direction and prevents the vertically downward force from being converted into a thrust that pushes the wedge 2 to slide backward in the horizontal direction. The self-locking state of the bottom inclined plane and the inclined plane maintains the vertical position of the support rod 1 unchanged, completing the solidification of the support position of the support rod 1. After the support rod 1 is solidified, it offsets the clamping force and cutting force, preventing the workpiece from vibrating and deforming during processing.

[0066] To solve the technical problem of outputting a stable horizontal driving force to push rod 4, the drive structure of the clamping mechanical auxiliary support device includes a pneumatic cylinder.

[0067] The output shaft of the pneumatic cylinder is fixedly connected to the push rod 4. The pneumatic cylinder applies a linear thrust in the horizontal direction. The linear thrust generated by the pneumatic cylinder pushes the push rod 4 and the wedge 2 to slide forward in the horizontal direction. The pneumatic cylinder replaces the spring 6 and completes the horizontal linear drive of the push rod 4 and the wedge 2.

[0068] To solve the technical problem of limiting the horizontal movement of push rod 4, the limiting structure of the clamping mechanical auxiliary support device includes an electromagnetic pin mechanism. The electromagnetic pin mechanism is arranged on the side of push rod 4 and has an electromagnetic drive locking pin. The electromagnetic drive locking pin passes through the positioning hole opened on the side of push rod 4 and contacts and engages with the inner wall of the positioning hole opened on the side of push rod 4, thus limiting push rod 4 to slide forward in the horizontal direction.

[0069] The electromagnetic pin mechanism replaces the positioning pin b5. Before clamping the workpiece, the electromagnetic pin mechanism locks the positions of the push rod 4 and the wedge 2. In order to solve the technical problem of guiding the wedge 2 to slide in a directional manner, a linear guide rail is installed at the bottom of the wedge 2. The linear guide rail is arranged in parallel along the horizontal direction. The bottom surface of the wedge 2 is fixedly connected to the slider of the linear guide rail. The wedge 2 follows the slider of the linear guide rail to slide linearly along the horizontal direction. The linear guide rail restricts the wedge 2's freedom of movement in the vertical and lateral directions. The equivalent replacement scheme of the above mechanical structure realizes the mechanical transmission logic of driving, limiting and guiding in the mechanical auxiliary support device of the fixture.

[0070] To solve the technical problem of the support rod 1 interfering with the placement of the workpiece before clamping, a technique is adopted to pull the push rod 4 backward and insert the positioning pin b5. The push rod 4 is limited by the positioning pin b5, the wedge 2 is kept in the backward-pulled position, and the support rod 1 slides down under gravity to below the clamping positioning surface of the general-purpose mechanical fixture. The downward sliding of the support rod 1 achieves the technical effect of providing interference-free clamping space.

[0071] To solve the technical problem of disrupting the original positioning state of the workpiece during the clamping process, the technical means of pulling out the positioning pin b5 to release the spring 6 is adopted. The elastic force generated by the spring 6 pushes the wedge 2 forward, and the inclined surface of the wedge 2 pushes against the bottom inclined surface and lifts the support rod 1. The vertical upward support force of the support rod 1 is converted into a thrust force less than the weight of the workpiece. The thrust force less than the weight of the workpiece achieves the technical effect of establishing flexible contact between the support rod 1 and the bottom surface of the workpiece and maintaining the initial positioning state of the workpiece.

[0072] To address the technical problems of workpiece vibration and clamping deformation during the machining of thin-walled parts, box-shaped parts, and castings with poor rigidity, a self-locking technique is employed where the bottom inclined surfaces self-lock after the workpiece bears clamping and cutting forces. This transfers the downward vertical force generated by the workpiece clamping bolt and the workpiece to the inclined surface contact surface, causing the bottom inclined surfaces to self-lock and preventing the support rod 1 from moving downwards. This self-locking of the bottom inclined surfaces effectively counteracts the clamping and cutting forces, limits workpiece clamping deformation, and eliminates machining vibration.

[0073] Working principle:

[0074] The mechanical auxiliary support device for the clamp is installed on a general-purpose mechanical clamp. Push rod 4 passes through spring 6 and connects to wedge 2. Wedge 2 has a beveled top, and support rod 1 has a bottom bevel. Support rod 1 is set vertically, with its bottom end contacting the top of wedge 2. The angles of the bevels and the bottom bevels are the same and closely fitted. Before clamping the workpiece, to provide interference-free clamping space, the operator pulls push rod 4 backward. Push rod 4 overcomes the spring force of spring 6 and moves backward horizontally, causing wedge 2 to be pulled back synchronously. After push rod 4 is pulled into position, positioning pin b5 is inserted into the positioning hole on the side of push rod 4. Positioning pin b5 prevents push rod 4 and wedge 2 from moving forward under the spring force of spring 6, keeping wedge 2 in the backward-pulled position. As the wedge 2 moves backward, the bottom slope of the support rod 1 loses its support, and the support rod 1 slides freely downward in the vertical direction under the action of gravity until the height of the top surface of the support rod 1 is lower than the height of the clamping positioning surface of the general-purpose mechanical fixture, thus completing the initial retraction action.

[0075] After the support rod 1 completes its retraction action, thin-walled parts, box-type parts, and castings with poor rigidity are placed on a general-purpose mechanical fixture. The fixture positioning pin of the general-purpose mechanical fixture is inserted into the workpiece positioning hole to establish the workpiece's positioning state. During this process, the workpiece does not come into contact with the support rod 1.

[0076] After the workpiece is positioned, the positioning pin b5 is pulled out, causing the push rod 4 to lose its limit. At this time, the spring 6, which is in a compressed state, releases its elastic force, which pushes the push rod 4 and the wedge 2 to slide forward in the horizontal direction. As the wedge 2 slides forward, the inclined surface at the top of the wedge 2 supports and pushes against the bottom inclined surface of the support rod 1. The relative sliding between the inclined surface and the bottom inclined surface converts the horizontal linear motion of the wedge 2 into the vertical linear motion of the support rod 1 moving upward in the vertical direction until the top surface of the support rod 1 is in contact with the workpiece. When in contact, the upward vertical support force of the support rod 1 converted from the elastic force of the spring 6 is less than the weight of the workpiece. The weight of the workpiece cancels out the upward support force and prevents the support rod 1 from lifting the workpiece, thereby achieving a flexible contact between the support rod 1 and the bottom of the workpiece without disrupting the original positioning state of the workpiece.

[0077] During the relative movement of the aforementioned mechanical components, the device ensures stability through a dual anti-rotation structure. Firstly, an opening groove is provided on the side of the support rod 1, and a positioning pin c8 inserts into the opening groove and contacts its inner surface, preventing the support rod 1 from rotating around its central axis. Simultaneously, the positioning pin c8 abuts against the inner wall of the top or bottom of the opening groove, limiting the vertical movement range of the support rod 1. Secondly, a keyway 7 is provided on the side of the wedge 2, and a positioning pin a3 is inserted into the keyway 7 and contacts its inner surface, thereby limiting the rotational freedom of the wedge 2 and preventing it from rotating during horizontal sliding.

[0078] After the top surface of support rod 1 is in contact with the workpiece, the workpiece clamping bolts are tightened according to the installation tightening sequence. The vertically downward clamping force generated by tightening the workpiece, as well as the vertically downward cutting force generated by subsequent workpiece machining, act together on the workpiece. The workpiece transmits the clamping force and cutting force vertically downward to support rod 1, and support rod 1 further transmits this vertically downward force to the contact surface between the bottom inclined plane and the inclined plane. Based on the principle of inclined plane friction, the bottom inclined plane and the inclined plane self-lock when subjected to a vertically downward heavy load. This self-locking state can effectively prevent support rod 1 from moving downward, and at the same time prevent the vertically downward force from being converted into a thrust that pushes the wedge 2 to slide backward in the horizontal direction. Thus, the vertical position of support rod 1 is fixed and maintained, providing stable rigid support for the workpiece, thereby offsetting the clamping force and cutting force, and effectively preventing vibration and clamping deformation of thin-walled parts, box-type parts, and castings with poor rigidity during machining.

[0079] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mechanical auxiliary support device for a clamp, characterized in that, Includes support rod (1), wedge (2), push rod (4) and spring (6); The bottom end of the support rod (1) contacts the top of the wedge (2), the side end of the wedge (2) is connected to the push rod (4), and the push rod (4) passes through the spring (6). The top of the wedge (2) is provided with a slope, and the bottom end of the support rod (1) has a bottom slope. The slope and the bottom slope are closely fitted together, and the angle of the slope is the same as the angle of the bottom slope. When the spring (6) is in a free state, it generates elastic force. When the elastic force pushes the wedge (2) and the push rod (4) to slide forward in the horizontal direction, the inclined surface support pushes against the bottom inclined surface. The relative sliding of the inclined surface and the bottom inclined surface converts the horizontal linear motion of the wedge (2) into the vertical linear motion of the support rod (1).

2. The clamping mechanical auxiliary support device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a positioning pin c(8). The support rod (1) has an opening groove on its side. The positioning pin c(8) passes into the opening groove of the support rod (1). The outer surface of the positioning pin c(8) contacts and cooperates with the inner surface of the opening groove to prevent the support rod (1) from rotating around the central axis during movement. The opening groove has a length dimension in the vertical direction. When the support rod (1) moves up and down, the positioning pin c(8) abuts against the inner wall of the top or bottom end of the opening groove to limit the range of up and down movement of the support rod (1).

3. The clamping mechanical auxiliary support device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a positioning pin a (3) and a keyway (7). The keyway (7) is provided on the side of the wedge (2). The positioning pin a (3) is inserted into the keyway (7). The outer surface of the positioning pin a (3) is in contact with the inner surface of the keyway (7). The cooperation structure between the positioning pin a (3) and the keyway (7) restricts the rotational freedom of the wedge (2) to prevent the wedge (2) from rotating during movement.

4. The clamping mechanical auxiliary support device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a positioning pin b (5), and a positioning hole is provided on the side of the push rod (4). The positioning pin b (5) is inserted into the positioning hole on the side of the push rod (4) to prevent the push rod (4) and the wedge (2) from moving forward under the elastic force of the spring (6).

5. A mechanical auxiliary support device for a clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that, The push rod (4) and the wedge (2) are connected by a thread.

6. The clamping mechanical auxiliary support device according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the top surface of the support rod (1) is in contact with the workpiece, the gravity of the workpiece acts vertically downward on the support rod (1). The support rod (1) transmits the gravity of the workpiece to the contact surface between the bottom inclined surface and the inclined surface. The bottom inclined surface and the inclined surface are self-locked by gravity to prevent the support rod (1) from moving downward, and at the same time prevent the wedge (2) from sliding backward in the horizontal direction.

7. A mechanical auxiliary support device for a clamp according to claim 6, characterized in that, The clamping force generated by the tightening bolt of the workpiece and the cutting force generated by the general-purpose mechanical fixture in machining the workpiece are applied vertically downward to the workpiece. The workpiece transmits the clamping force and the cutting force to the support rod (1). The support rod (1) transmits the vertically downward force to the contact surface between the bottom inclined surface and the inclined surface. The bottom inclined surface and the inclined surface are self-locked by the vertically downward force, preventing the support rod (1) from moving downward in the vertical direction. At the same time, it prevents the vertically downward force from being converted into a thrust that pushes the wedge (2) to slide backward in the horizontal direction.

8. A method for mechanically assisted support using a clamp, characterized in that, The mechanical auxiliary support device for a clamp as described in any one of claims 1-7 comprises the following steps: Pull the push rod (4) backward. The push rod (4) overcomes the elastic force generated by the spring (6) and moves backward in the horizontal direction. The push rod (4) moves backward in the horizontal direction and drives the wedge (2) to move backward in sync. After the push rod (4) is pulled back to the position, insert the positioning pin b (5) into the positioning hole opened on the side of the push rod (4). The positioning pin b (5) prevents the push rod (4) and the wedge (2) from sliding forward under the elastic force of the spring (6). As the wedge (2) moves backward, the bottom of the support rod (1) loses the contact support of the wedge (2). The support rod (1) slides down freely in the vertical direction under the action of gravity. After the support rod (1) slides down freely, the height of the top surface of the support rod (1) is lower than the height of the clamping positioning surface of the general-purpose mechanical clamp. After the support rod (1) completes the retraction action, the workpiece is placed on the general-purpose mechanical fixture, and the fixture positioning pin of the general-purpose mechanical fixture is inserted into the workpiece positioning hole of the workpiece to establish the positioning state of the workpiece. Pull out the positioning pin b (5), the positioning pin b (5) is pulled away from the positioning hole of the push rod (4), the push rod (4) loses its limit, the spring (6) releases its elastic force, the elastic force of the spring (6) pushes the push rod (4) and the wedge (2) to slide forward in the horizontal direction, the inclined surface at the top of the wedge (2) pushes against the bottom inclined surface at the bottom of the support rod (1), the relative movement of the inclined surface and the bottom inclined surface lifts the support rod (1), the support rod (1) moves upward in the vertical direction until the top surface of the support rod (1) is in contact with the workpiece, and tighten the workpiece clamping bolts according to the installation tightening sequence.

9. A clamping mechanical auxiliary support method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The support rod (1) moves upward in the vertical direction until the top surface of the support rod (1) is in contact with the workpiece. The vertical upward support force of the support rod (1) is less than the weight of the workpiece, and the weight of the workpiece prevents the support rod (1) from lifting the workpiece.

10. A clamping mechanical auxiliary support method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The clamping force generated by tightening the workpiece clamping bolt is applied vertically downward to the workpiece, and the cutting force generated by machining the workpiece is applied vertically downward to the workpiece. The workpiece transmits the clamping force and the cutting force to the support rod (1). The support rod (1) transmits the vertically downward force to the contact surface between the bottom inclined surface and the inclined surface. The bottom inclined surface and the inclined surface are self-locked by the vertically downward force, preventing the support rod (1) from moving downward in the vertical direction, and preventing the vertically downward force from being converted into a thrust that pushes the wedge (2) to slide backward in the horizontal direction.

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