Ecological construction method for multi-disaster-source section shield tunneling

Abstract

This invention discloses an ecological construction method for shield tunneling in multi-hazard source sections, relating to the field of shield tunneling technology. The method includes the following steps: Step 1, site survey and zoning; Step 2, installation and operation of a collaborative early warning system; Step 3, dynamic adjustment of shield tunneling construction based on zoning; Step 4, full-process ecological protection construction, including ecological treatment of shield excavated soil and construction wastewater; Step 5, ecological restoration and disaster investigation, establishing restoration plans based on the ecological environment, conducting hazard investigation of the tunnel and surrounding areas, and carrying out long-term monitoring. This invention, employing the above-mentioned ecological construction method for shield tunneling in multi-hazard source sections, achieves early prediction, timely warning, and effective handling of construction risks through comprehensive geological survey and zoning, a precise collaborative early warning system, and dynamic adjustment of tunneling parameters. This effectively prevents safety accidents such as ground collapse, sudden water inrush, and excessive ground subsidence, reducing construction safety risks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel boring machine (TBM) construction technology, and in particular to an ecological construction method for TBM tunneling in multi-hazard source sections. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid advancement of infrastructure construction such as urban rail transit and cross-river / sea tunnels, shield tunneling technology has been widely applied in underground engineering construction due to its advantages such as high construction efficiency and minimal disturbance to the surrounding environment. However, in actual construction, shield tunneling faces many challenges, including complex geological conditions, sensitive ecological environment, high construction risks, difficulty in quality control, and the challenge of balancing schedule and cost.

[0003] Currently, existing shield tunnel construction methods mostly focus on controlling a single aspect, such as adjusting tunneling parameters or ecological protection, lacking systematic management of the entire construction process. This leads to problems such as frequent safety hazards, unstable project quality, construction delays, and uncontrolled costs during construction. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an ecological construction method for shield tunneling in multi-hazard source areas, which can achieve coordinated control of safety, quality, progress and cost, and is suitable for construction in complex geological and ecologically sensitive areas.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this invention provides an ecological construction method for shield tunneling in multi-hazard source sections, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Conduct a site survey and zoning. Step 2: Install and operate the collaborative early warning system; Step 3: Dynamically adjust shield tunneling construction by zone. Adjust shield tunneling parameters dynamically according to the level of each construction zone. Step 4: Ecological protection construction throughout the entire process, ecological treatment of shield tunneling excavation soil and construction wastewater, and control of construction dust and noise; Step 5: Ecological restoration and disaster investigation. Based on the ecological environment, establish a restoration plan, conduct a hazard investigation of the tunnel and surrounding areas, and carry out long-term monitoring.

[0006] Preferably, step one includes the following steps: based on three-dimensional geological modeling and in-situ exploration, conduct a comprehensive survey of the tunneling area to clarify the geological conditions within the section; based on the survey results, use the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to classify the construction site into construction risk levels and ecological levels.

[0007] Preferably, in step two, the collaborative early warning system includes a geological monitoring module, a hydrological monitoring module, an ecological monitoring module, a data processing module, and an early warning release module. The early warning release module is connected to the data processing module, and the data processing module receives data from the ecological monitoring module, the hydrological monitoring module, and the geological monitoring module.

[0008] Preferably, in step two, the geological monitoring module monitors stratum deformation and surrounding rock stress in real time; the hydrological monitoring module monitors groundwater level, water pressure and seepage in real time; and the ecological monitoring module monitors water quality, noise, dust concentration and vegetation and biological activity in real time.

[0009] Preferably, in step two, the geological monitoring module deploys seismic sensors in front of and around the tunnel boring machine to monitor changes in the shape and stress of the surrounding rock in real time, and analyzes the changes in the surrounding rock through displacement field and stress field.

[0010] Preferably, the distribution of the surrounding rock displacement field is constructed by monitoring and numerical simulation to obtain the settlement of the arch, the heave of the bottom plate, the horizontal convergence, and the displacement in front of the tunnel face, and the changes in the surrounding rock are judged by the displacement magnitude and displacement rate.

[0011] Preferably, a stress field for the surrounding rock is constructed using initial ground stress, excavation unloading stress, support reaction force, and pore water pressure, and the changes in the surrounding rock are analyzed through stress changes and stress field.

[0012] Preferably, in step three, the tunneling speed in high-risk, ecologically sensitive areas with multiple disaster sources is 20-30 mm / min, and advanced pre-grouting and dual-liquid grout synchronous grouting technology are adopted to control ground settlement within 3 mm; the tunneling speed in high-risk, general ecologically sensitive areas with multiple disaster sources is 30-50 mm / min.

[0013] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned ecological construction method for shield tunneling in multi-hazard source areas. Through comprehensive geological survey and zoning, precise collaborative early warning system and dynamic adjustment of tunneling parameters, it realizes the early prediction, timely warning and effective handling of construction risks, effectively prevents safety accidents such as ground collapse, sudden water inrush and excessive ground settlement, and reduces construction safety risks.

[0014] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the ecological construction method for shield tunneling in multi-hazard source sections according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a collaborative early warning system for an ecological construction method for shield tunneling in multi-hazard source areas, as described in this invention. Figure 3 This invention relates to an ecological construction method for shield tunneling in multi-hazard source sections. Figure 1 ; Figure 4 This invention relates to an ecological construction method for shield tunneling in multi-hazard source sections. Figure 2 . Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0017] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this invention shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0018] Example Please see Figures 1-4 This invention provides an ecological construction method for shield tunneling in multi-hazard source sections, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Conduct a site survey and zoning.

[0019] Based on 3D geological modeling and in-situ exploration technology, a comprehensive survey of the tunneling area was conducted to clarify the geological conditions within the section, including strata lithology, geological structure, groundwater distribution, and ecologically sensitive points such as vegetation-covered areas, water protection zones, biological habitats, and the distribution of surrounding buildings and underground pipelines. Based on the survey results, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was used to classify the construction site into high-risk, medium-risk, and low-risk categories. Ecological classification was also applied, dividing the area into ecologically sensitive zones, generally ecologically sensitive zones, and non-ecologically sensitive zones. Different construction zones were then defined, and the key control points for each zone were clarified, providing a basis for subsequent adjustments to construction parameters, ecological protection, and cost control.

[0020] The 3D geological modeling is constructed using BIM technology combined with ground-penetrating radar data. In-situ exploration employs methods such as borehole sampling and in-situ testing to ensure the accuracy of the exploration data.

[0021] Step 2: Install and operate the collaborative early warning system.

[0022] A collaborative early warning system was established, comprising a geological monitoring module, a hydrological monitoring module, an ecological monitoring module, a data processing module, and an early warning release module. The early warning release module is connected to the data processing module, which receives data from the ecological monitoring module, the hydrological monitoring module, and the geological monitoring module. Before the system operates, safety thresholds, early warning thresholds, and emergency thresholds for each monitoring indicator are preset. The data processing module uses the SSA-ELM machine learning model to analyze and process real-time monitoring data, enabling early prediction and accurate early warning of risks.

[0023] The geological monitoring module monitors stratum deformation and surrounding rock stress in real time. Seismic sensors and displacement sensors are deployed in front of and around the tunnel boring machine to monitor changes in stratum deformation and surrounding rock stress. By combining monitoring data with numerical simulation, the module obtains data on crown settlement, floor heave, horizontal convergence, and displacement in front of the tunnel face, constructing a surrounding rock displacement field distribution. The magnitude and rate of displacement are used to determine changes in the surrounding rock. Simultaneously, a surrounding rock stress field is constructed using initial ground stress, excavation unloading stress, support reaction force, and pore water pressure. By analyzing stress changes and the stress field, changes in the surrounding rock can be predicted in advance to anticipate the risk of stratum collapse.

[0024] The hydrological monitoring module monitors groundwater level, pressure, and seepage in real time. Water level gauges and pressure gauges are deployed in and around the construction area to collect groundwater data in real time. When abnormal rises or falls in groundwater level, excessive water pressure, or seepage are detected, early warnings are issued in a timely manner to prevent sudden water inrush accidents.

[0025] The ecological monitoring module monitors water quality, noise, dust concentration, vegetation, and biological activity in real time, and adds monitoring points in ecologically sensitive areas to ensure that the ecological environment is not damaged.

[0026] The data processing module employs a three-stage data purification method, which involves outlier cleaning, parameter dimensionality reduction, and spatiotemporal alignment, to eliminate invalid data and improve data processing efficiency. The early warning release module adopts a tiered early warning mechanism, which corresponds to different emergency response procedures. Early warning information is simultaneously pushed to construction management personnel, on-site workers, and relevant regulatory departments to ensure timely early warning response.

[0027] Step 3: Dynamically adjust shield tunneling construction by zone to achieve coordinated control of safety, quality, schedule and cost.

[0028] Based on the risk level and ecological level of each construction zone, the tunnel boring parameters are dynamically adjusted, while taking into account both construction progress and cost control.

[0029] In high-risk, ecologically sensitive areas with multiple disaster sources, the tunneling speed is controlled at 20-30 mm / min. Advanced pre-grouting and simultaneous dual-liquid grouting technology are employed, with grouting pressure controlled at (5.2-12.8) × 10⁻⁶. 5Within the Pa range, ground settlement is controlled within 3mm; atmospheric pressure cutter replacement technology is adopted to avoid the safety hazards of high pressure cutter replacement, balancing safety, quality and progress; and the grouting material ratio is optimized to reduce material consumption and control construction costs.

[0030] High-risk areas with multiple disaster sources - generally ecologically sensitive areas: the tunneling speed is controlled at 30-50 mm / min, synchronous grouting technology is adopted, and the ground settlement is controlled within 5 mm; the cutterhead speed and thrust are optimized to balance tunneling efficiency and stratum stability, avoid safety hazards caused by excessive tunneling, and at the same time reduce the construction period and reduce labor and equipment rental costs.

[0031] In medium-risk and ecologically sensitive areas, the tunneling speed is controlled at 50-80 mm / min, conventional grouting technology is adopted, ground deformation monitoring is strengthened, and tunneling parameters are fine-tuned based on monitoring data.

[0032] In medium-risk areas and generally ecologically sensitive areas and low-risk areas, under the premise of ensuring safety and quality, the tunneling speed is controlled at 80-120 mm / min, and the construction process is optimized. An adaptive tunneling control algorithm is adopted to automatically adjust the tunneling speed and cutterhead speed according to the real-time changes of parameters such as torque, thrust, and earth pressure, so that the tunnel boring machine is always in the best working state, reducing cutter consumption and energy consumption, and achieving cost savings.

[0033] During the tunnel boring machine (TBM) excavation process, intelligent segment assembly technology is adopted. The assembly process is optimized through BIM simulation, realizing the automation and precision of segment assembly. The assembly time for each ring is controlled within 40 minutes, improving the assembly quality, reducing quality problems such as segment damage and leakage, and reducing rework costs. At the same time, daily maintenance and upkeep of the TBM equipment are strengthened. An intelligent operation and maintenance system is used to monitor the equipment's operating status in real time, identify equipment failures in advance, and avoid schedule delays and cost increases caused by equipment failures.

[0034] Step 4: Implement ecological protection construction throughout the entire process to reduce environmental impact and control hidden costs.

[0035] Ecological treatment of tunnel boring machine (TBM) excavated soil and construction wastewater is implemented to control construction dust and noise, achieving green construction. A mud-water separation system is used to achieve solid-liquid separation, and the mud is recycled. Excavated soil is transported through closed pipelines and classified according to its properties. Recyclable excavated soil is used for roadbed backfilling, site leveling, etc., while non-recyclable excavated soil is treated harmlessly and disposed of in accordance with environmental protection standards, reducing the impact of excavated soil stockpiling on the ecological environment and lowering the cost of excavated soil transportation and disposal.

[0036] Wastewater generated during construction is treated by filtration, sedimentation, and disinfection. The treated wastewater is then used for site watering to reduce dust and for equipment cleaning, thus preventing wastewater discharge, reducing water pollution, and lowering environmental disposal costs.

[0037] Vehicle washing stations are set up at the entrances and exits of the construction site to wash vehicles entering and leaving; water is regularly sprayed to reduce dust in the site, and enclosed barriers are used to reduce the spread of dust; noise reduction devices are installed on equipment such as tunnel boring machines and transport vehicles, and construction time is arranged reasonably to avoid disturbing residents at night, reduce noise pollution complaints, and lower hidden costs.

[0038] Step 5: Ecological restoration and disaster investigation to ensure the long-term safety of the project and reduce later maintenance costs.

[0039] Based on ecological environment monitoring data during construction and combined with the ecological characteristics of the construction area, a targeted ecological restoration plan will be established. After construction is completed, ecological restoration will be carried out on the vegetation, water bodies, and soil in and around the construction area to restore the regional ecological function. At the same time, a comprehensive disaster hazard investigation will be conducted on the tunnel and surrounding areas, focusing on hazards such as ground collapse, segment damage, leakage, and abnormal groundwater. A hazard ledger will be established and closed-loop management will be implemented. Long-term monitoring will be carried out, and a long-term monitoring system will be established to continuously monitor tunnel structural deformation, groundwater changes, and ecological environment restoration, so as to promptly identify and address potential hazards, reduce later maintenance costs, and ensure the long-term safe and stable operation of the project.

[0040] Therefore, this invention employs the aforementioned ecological construction method for shield tunneling in multi-hazard source areas. Through comprehensive geological surveys and zoning, a precise collaborative early warning system, and dynamic adjustment of tunneling parameters, it achieves early prediction, timely warning, and effective handling of construction risks, effectively preventing safety accidents such as ground collapse, sudden water inrush, and excessive ground subsidence, thus reducing construction safety risks. By precisely controlling tunneling parameters in different zones, the construction quality and durability of the tunnel project are improved; simultaneously, the damage to the ecological environment caused by construction is reduced, achieving a synergistic improvement in both engineering quality and ecological quality. Different tunneling speeds are adopted for different zones, maximizing construction efficiency while ensuring safety and quality. This method is applicable to shield tunnel construction in various complex geological conditions and ecologically sensitive areas. Through differentiated control measures, it can flexibly adapt to different construction scenarios, solving the problem of poor adaptability of existing construction methods.

[0041] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent substitutions cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ecological construction method for shield tunneling in multi-hazard source sections, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Conduct a site survey and zoning. Step 2: Install and operate the collaborative early warning system; Step 3: Dynamically adjust shield tunneling construction by zone. Adjust shield tunneling parameters dynamically according to the level of each construction zone. Step 4: Ecological protection construction throughout the entire process, ecological treatment of shield tunneling excavation soil and construction wastewater, and control of construction dust and noise; Step 5: Ecological restoration and disaster investigation. Based on the ecological environment, establish a restoration plan, conduct a hazard investigation of the tunnel and surrounding areas, and carry out long-term monitoring.

2. The ecological construction method for shield tunneling in multi-hazard source sections according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step one includes the following steps: Based on three-dimensional geological modeling and in-situ exploration, conduct a comprehensive survey of the tunneling area to clarify the geological conditions within the section; based on the survey results, use the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to classify the construction site into construction risk levels and ecological levels.

3. The ecological construction method for shield tunneling in multi-hazard source sections according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step two, the collaborative early warning system includes a geological monitoring module, a hydrological monitoring module, an ecological monitoring module, a data processing module, and an early warning release module. The early warning release module is connected to the data processing module, which receives data from the ecological monitoring module, the hydrological monitoring module, and the geological monitoring module.

4. The ecological construction method for shield tunneling in multi-hazard source sections according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step two, the geological monitoring module monitors stratum deformation and surrounding rock stress in real time; the hydrological monitoring module monitors groundwater level, water pressure and seepage in real time; and the ecological monitoring module monitors water quality, noise, dust concentration and vegetation biological activity in real time.

5. The ecological construction method for shield tunneling in multi-hazard source areas according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step two, the geological monitoring module deploys seismic sensors in front of and around the tunnel boring machine to monitor changes in the shape and stress of the surrounding rock in real time, and analyzes the changes in the surrounding rock through displacement field and stress field.

6. The ecological construction method for shield tunneling in multi-hazard source sections according to claim 5, characterized in that: By monitoring and numerical simulation, we can obtain data on crown settlement, floor heave, horizontal convergence, and displacement in front of the tunnel face, construct the distribution of the surrounding rock displacement field, and judge the changes in the surrounding rock by the magnitude and rate of displacement.

7. The ecological construction method for shield tunneling in multi-hazard source sections according to claim 6, characterized in that: The surrounding rock stress field is constructed by initial ground stress, excavation unloading stress, support reaction force and pore water pressure, and the changes in the surrounding rock are analyzed by stress changes and stress field.

8. The ecological construction method for shield tunneling in multi-hazard source sections according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step three, the tunneling speed in high-risk and ecologically sensitive areas with multiple hazard sources is 20-30 mm / min, and the ground settlement is controlled within 3 mm by using advanced pre-grouting and dual-liquid grout synchronous grouting technology; the tunneling speed in high-risk and general ecologically sensitive areas with multiple hazard sources is 30-50 mm / min.

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