Star flash SLB-based circuit breaker mechanical characteristic test system and method

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of circuit breaker testing, and particularly relates to a circuit breaker mechanical property testing system and method based on a star flash SLB, which comprises a communication-connected handheld terminal master module, a three-phase property testing terminal slave module, a dynamic property testing terminal slave module and a control terminal slave module, wherein the communication connection is specifically wireless communication connection through a star flash SLB network complying with the star flash wireless communication system standard; the handheld terminal master module is a management node of the testing network, is used for distributing a time synchronization reference, scheduling network resources and uniformly distributing testing instructions; the three-phase property testing terminal slave module, the dynamic property testing terminal slave module and the control terminal slave module are terminal nodes of the testing network, are used for receiving the instructions of the handheld terminal master module, synchronously executing data collection or control operation based on a unified time reference, and returning result data to the handheld terminal master module. The problems of complex wiring, low efficiency and insufficient synchronization accuracy in traditional testing are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of circuit breaker testing technology, specifically a circuit breaker mechanical characteristic testing system and method based on Star Flash SLB. Background Technology

[0002] The statements in this section merely refer to the background art related to this invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Circuit breaker mechanical characteristic testing is a core method for evaluating its performance and condition. The accuracy of parameters such as opening and closing time, synchronicity, and speed is crucial to power system safety. Currently, centralized testing instruments are commonly used in the industry to perform this test.

[0004] Existing testing methods rely on multiple long-distance physical cables connecting the circuit breaker under test (DUT) to the testing instrument. This requires connecting multiple cables for control, energy storage, voltage, and sensors on-site, a cumbersome and time-consuming process that poses safety risks, especially when working at heights or in high-voltage rooms. Furthermore, multiple measurement channels rely on a unified internal clock within the testing instrument; however, long-distance analog signal transmission is susceptible to strong electromagnetic interference, leading to signal distortion and synchronization errors, affecting the accuracy of critical parameters such as synchronicity. In addition, the testing process is rigid, the equipment lacks intelligence, and there is a lack of historical data accumulation and in-depth analysis capabilities, failing to meet the predictive needs of condition-based maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a circuit breaker mechanical characteristic testing system and method based on Star Flash SLB, which solves the problems of complex wiring, low efficiency and insufficient synchronization accuracy in traditional circuit breaker mechanical characteristic testing.

[0006] The first aspect of the present invention discloses a circuit breaker mechanical characteristic testing system based on StarSpark SLB, including a handheld terminal master module, a three-phase characteristic testing terminal slave module, a dynamic characteristic testing terminal slave module, and a control terminal slave module with communication connection; wherein the communication connection is specifically: wireless communication connection is made through the StarSpark SLB network that conforms to the StarSpark wireless communication system standard;

[0007] The main module of the handheld terminal is the management node of the test network, used to distribute time synchronization benchmarks, schedule network resources, and uniformly issue test commands;

[0008] The three-phase characteristic test terminal slave module, the dynamic characteristic test terminal slave module, and the control terminal slave module are the terminal nodes of the test network. They are used to receive instructions from the handheld terminal master module, and based on a unified time base, synchronously execute data acquisition or control operations, and send the result data back to the handheld terminal master module.

[0009] Furthermore, the StarShan SLB network operates using a dedicated communication protocol stack that matches the circuit breaker mechanical characteristic testing process. This protocol stack defines and distinguishes between Category 1 signaling for time synchronization, Category 2 signaling for test parameter configuration, Category 3 signaling for triggering circuit breaker action, and Category 4 signaling for uploading test data. The handheld terminal's main module and each slave module interact with frames based on the dedicated communication protocol stack to collaboratively complete the testing task (see Table 1).

[0010] Furthermore, the interaction process of the first type of signaling used for time synchronization, to achieve sub-microsecond master-slave time synchronization, includes:

[0011] The main module of the handheld terminal periodically broadcasts synchronization signaling carrying a time stamp;

[0012] After receiving the synchronization signaling, each slave module records the local reception time and sends a response signaling to the handheld terminal master module within the specified first time window. This response signaling contains the local reception time information.

[0013] The main module of the handheld terminal calculates and compensates for the bidirectional transmission delay of the network based on the transmission time stamp, the reception feedback time stamp, and the local reception time contained in the feedback signaling, and then distributes clock calibration information to each slave module (corresponding to Tables 5 and 6).

[0014] Furthermore, the third type of signaling used to trigger the operation of the circuit breaker satisfies at least one of the following constraints:

[0015] The end-to-end communication delay from the handheld terminal main module to the control terminal sub-module execution is no more than 20 microseconds;

[0016] Transmission is performed with the highest priority, and retransmission is initiated within a set number of microseconds if no acknowledgment is received.

[0017] The signaling encapsulates the expected execution time stamp, and the control terminal synchronously triggers operations based on the expected execution time stamp. This corresponds to "(II) General Frame Parameter Constraints".

[0018] Furthermore, the fourth type of signaling used for uploading test data embeds a time stamp generated by a "sub-microsecond master-slave time synchronization" mechanism in its data payload;

[0019] The time stamps embedded in the fourth type of signaling from different sub-modules share the same time base, enabling the main module of the handheld terminal to perform time alignment and fusion analysis on the data collected by different modules based on this time stamp. This corresponds to "(iv) Data Upload Frame".

[0020] Furthermore, for at least one of the closing test, opening test, and low voltage action test, a dedicated communication protocol stack defines the corresponding standard signaling interaction timing.

[0021] The standard signaling interaction sequence includes at least the following stages performed sequentially: network-wide time synchronization, test parameter configuration and confirmation, circuit breaker action control and status feedback, multi-channel data acquisition and transmission, and test completion. This corresponds to "Examples of Typical Communication Sequences for Four Core Tests".

[0022] Furthermore, the three-phase characteristic test terminal module is used to acquire the opening and closing action signals of the three-phase contacts of the circuit breaker under test, and after preprocessing, uploads them to the main module of the handheld terminal in combination with the timestamp.

[0023] The dynamic characteristic test terminal module is used to collect contact travel, speed and vibration signals during the opening and closing process of the circuit breaker under test, and after preprocessing, uploads them to the main module of the handheld terminal in combination with the timestamp.

[0024] The control terminal module is connected to the control circuit of the circuit breaker under test. According to the instructions from the main module of the handheld terminal, it controls the circuit breaker under test to perform at least one of the following operations: opening control, closing control, closing interlock release, and mechanism energy storage operation. It also collects the circuit status information of the circuit breaker under test and uploads it to the main module of the handheld terminal.

[0025] Furthermore, this also includes equipment storage boxes;

[0026] The equipment storage box is equipped with slots for accommodating and securing the handheld terminal main module, the three-phase characteristic test terminal slave module, the dynamic characteristic test terminal slave module, and the control terminal slave module.

[0027] The storage box integrates a power management unit for contact or wireless charging of the modules placed in the card slots.

[0028] Furthermore, the control terminal is integrated with the module and the equipment storage box, with its control interface located on the outside of the storage box; the power management unit built into the storage box provides the operating power required for testing the control terminal module.

[0029] Furthermore, the dynamic characteristic test terminal adopts an architecture that separates the power supply unit and the sensor unit. The sensor unit is used to collect signals by being fixed on the circuit breaker operating mechanism, and the power supply unit has a built-in battery and is connected to the sensor unit through a cable to power the sensor unit and communicate through the Mesh network.

[0030] The second aspect of this invention discloses a method for testing the mechanical characteristics of a circuit breaker based on a star-flash SLB, comprising the following steps:

[0031] The system establishes communication upon power-up. The main module of the handheld terminal acts as the management node and periodically broadcasts time synchronization beacons, enabling each slave module to complete time synchronization.

[0032] Test tasks and parameters are configured through the main module of the handheld terminal and uniformly distributed to the corresponding slave modules;

[0033] Upon receiving the test start command, the control terminal slave module performs the specified operation on the circuit breaker according to the command; at the same time, the three-phase characteristic test terminal slave module and the dynamic characteristic test terminal slave module, based on a unified time base, synchronously collect the electrical characteristic data and mechanical dynamic characteristic data of the circuit breaker under test. After preprocessing, the collected data, combined with a high-precision timestamp, is transmitted back to the handheld terminal main module through the StarShan SLB network.

[0034] The main module of the handheld terminal performs comprehensive processing and analysis on the returned data to generate test results.

[0035] Compared with existing technologies, one or more of the above technical solutions have the following beneficial effects:

[0036] 1. By employing a distributed wireless system architecture based on StarSignal SLB air interface technology, the large number of long-distance physical cables required for traditional testing is eliminated. During field operations, each functional module only needs to be deployed nearby at the corresponding location on the circuit breaker, and the system can automatically network and coordinate, saving a significant amount of wiring, connection, and disconnection processes. Combined with an integrated intelligent storage box design, rapid deployment, storage, and relocation of equipment are achieved, greatly improving operational efficiency and completely avoiding safety risks caused by wiring errors, cable tangles, and working at heights, making testing work simple and safe.

[0037] 2. By customizing a dedicated communication protocol stack that matches the testing process, StarSpark SLB technology is deeply integrated with the circuit breaker testing scenario, achieving sub-microsecond high-precision time synchronization among multiple distributed testing modules. This provides a unified time reference for the accurate analysis of key parameters such as opening and closing synchronicity and speed characteristics. It ensures high real-time and high-reliability transmission and execution of control commands. Through low-latency, high-priority control signaling frame design, it ensures the accurate triggering of critical operations such as opening and closing. It supports the spatiotemporal consistency fusion of multi-source heterogeneous test data. By embedding a unified time stamp in the data frame, signals such as voltage and travel can be strictly aligned on the same time axis, laying the foundation for comprehensive mechanical condition diagnosis. Attached Figure Description

[0038] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0039] Figure 1 Wiring diagram of a three-phase characteristic test terminal provided for one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 Wiring diagram of a control terminal provided for one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 Functional diagram of a three-phase characteristic testing terminal provided in one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 Functional diagram of a dynamic characteristic testing terminal provided in one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 5 Functional diagram of a control terminal provided for one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 6 Functional diagram of a handheld terminal provided for one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 7 A functional diagram of a storage box provided for one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0046] In the diagram: 1. Switchgear truck switch, 2. Circuit breaker upper port, 3. Circuit breaker lower port, 4. Three-phase characteristic test terminal, 5. Secondary aviation plug for truck switch, 6. Control line, 7. Storage box & control terminal, 8. Handheld terminal. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0048] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and intended to provide further illustration of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0049] This solution provides a circuit breaker mechanical characteristic testing system and method based on StarSignal SLB. It adopts a "distributed module + StarSignal wireless networking" architecture, decoupling the testing function into independent intelligent modules. It achieves sub-microsecond time synchronization and reliable communication through StarSignal technology, replacing physical cables, building a wireless testing system that can work collaboratively, and combining cloud analysis to achieve intelligent diagnosis.

[0050] NearLink SLB refers to a basic communication mode in the NearLink wireless short-range communication technology system.

[0051] To address the industry pain points in the mechanical characteristic testing of circuit breakers in the current power sector, this solution provides a circuit breaker mechanical characteristic testing method based on StarLight SLB. This method adopts a distributed modular architecture, dividing modules according to the principle of "functional decoupling and physical proximity," mainly including: a three-phase characteristic testing terminal slave module, a dynamic characteristic testing terminal slave module, a control terminal slave module, and a handheld terminal master module.

[0052] Each module uses StarSignal SLB air interface technology as its core link to achieve low-latency data interaction, high-precision time synchronization, and self-organizing network communication, decomposing the traditional centralized testing system into multiple functionally independent intelligent modules. Through the collaborative work of master and slave modules, flexible deployment and efficient coordination of circuit breaker mechanical characteristic testing are achieved, fundamentally eliminating the efficiency bottleneck caused by complex wiring in traditional testing methods.

[0053] The topology of the StarShine SLB network is as follows: The G node (management node) is handled by the handheld terminal master module, which is responsible for network resource scheduling, time synchronization benchmark distribution, and test task coordination. The T node (managed node) includes the three-phase characteristic test terminal slave module, the dynamic characteristic test terminal slave module, and the control terminal slave module.

[0054] The core transmit and receive frames in this scheme are shown in Table 1.

[0055] Table 1 Summary of Core Transmit and Receive Frames

[0056]

[0057] The StarShine SLB communication protocol is the nerve center of data interaction in this system. In response to the special needs of circuit breaker mechanical characteristic testing, it enables network communication within the StarShine technology framework, achieving low latency (≤20μs), high-precision synchronization (sub-microsecond level), and multi-node concurrent communication, thus meeting the accuracy requirements of circuit breaker mechanical characteristic test results.

[0058] NearLink's SLB (SparkLink Basic) mode serves as a communication standard for high-speed, low-latency, and high-concurrency scenarios. This solution references the SparkLink Basic air interface technology standard and, combined with the circuit breaker mechanical characteristic testing system architecture (handheld terminal master module G node, three-phase characteristic testing terminal T node, dynamic characteristic testing terminal T node, and control terminal T node), details the complete structure, field definitions, and value specifications of the master-slave module communication transmit and receive frames. Furthermore, it provides typical communication timing sequences for four core scenarios: closing test, opening test, low-voltage closing test, and low-voltage opening test, ensuring that the frame design meets the core requirements of SparkLink SLB for low latency (≤20μs), sub-microsecond synchronization, and high reliability, and is fully compatible with the testing process and module functions.

[0059] The PPDU (Physical Layer Protocol Data Unit) of StarSpark SLB adopts a hierarchical elastic frame structure to adapt to the low latency and high synchronization requirements of circuit breaker testing. The general frame structure follows: STF (Short Training Sequence) → LTF (Long Training Sequence) → SIG-A (Signal Field A) → SIG-B (Signal Field B) → Data Field → Tail. The detailed design of each field is as follows. All field values ​​conform to the StarSpark SLB standard and are optimized in combination with system test scenarios.

[0060] In the general frame header field design (STF + LTF + SIG-A + SIG-B), the frame header is a common part of all frame types, responsible for channel synchronization, parameter configuration, and resource scheduling, ensuring communication adaptation between master and slave modules. The field parameters are based on the StarSpark SLB standard and customized according to test requirements, as detailed below:

[0061] 1. STF (Short Training Sequence);

[0062] Length: 8μs (fixed, standard short training sequence length for StarSpark SLB);

[0063] Functions: Enables frame detection, frequency synchronization, and symbol timing synchronization; adapts to the strong electromagnetic environment of substations; adopts star flash standard anti-interference sequence encoding; and achieves fast frame recognition between modules.

[0064] Values: Follow the standard STF sequence of Star Flash SLB (0x55555555555555555, binary 10101010 cycle).

[0065] 2. LTF (Long Training Sequence);

[0066] Length: Dynamically adjustable (16μs / 32μs, selectable range for Starlight SLB standard), adaptable to channel quality:

[0067] Good channel quality (RSSI ≥ -70dBm): 16μs (1 symbol, reducing transmission overhead);

[0068] Poor channel quality (RSSI < -70dBm): 32μs (2 symbols, improving synchronization accuracy, adapting to strong electromagnetic interference scenarios in substations).

[0069] Functions: Channel estimation and delay calibration provide the foundation for sub-microsecond time synchronization;

[0070] Values: Follow the StarSpark SLB standard LTF sequence, dynamically configured by the G node based on real-time link quality.

[0071] 3. SIG-A (Signal Field A) Common Parameter Configuration;

[0072] Length: 16μs (8 bytes, standard length of StarSpark SLB), no parity bit (to save latency and adapt to low latency testing requirements).

[0073] Function: Transmits common control parameters; the receiving end can immediately obtain the core frame parameters after parsing the preamble, shortening the processing time.

[0074] The field breakdown (by byte offset, totaling 8 bytes) is shown in Table 2:

[0075] Table 2 Signal Field (A) Subdivision

[0076]

[0077] 4. SIG-B (Signal Field B) - User-level resource scheduling;

[0078] Length: 16μs (8 bytes, standard length for StarSignal SLB), supports scheduling with a minimum subcarrier granularity, and adapts to multi-node concurrent communication.

[0079] Function: Transmits node identifiers and resource scheduling parameters, enabling precise scheduling of each T node by the G node, and supporting multi-module collaborative testing.

[0080] The field breakdown (by byte offset, totaling 8 bytes) is shown in Table 3:

[0081] Table 3 Signal Field (B) Subdivision

[0082]

[0083] 5. Tail;

[0084] Length: 3μs (Standard inter-frame interval of StarBlink SLB, replacing the traditional 10μs interval, reducing end-to-end latency);

[0085] Function: Symbol alignment padding ensures frame boundary alignment, avoids inter-frame interference, and supports microsecond-level low-latency communication;

[0086] Value: 0x00 (fixed, standard fill value for StarShine SLB).

[0087] The general frame parameter constraints are set with reference to the Starflash specification and system testing requirements, and the following constraints are set:

[0088] 1. End-to-end transmission latency: ≤20μs for all frame types (StarSpark SLB standard low latency requirement, control command frames ≤10μs to ensure real-time control).

[0089] 2. Synchronization accuracy: Based on LTF+ time synchronization frame, the time synchronization error of master and slave modules is ≤0.1μs (sub-microsecond level, meeting the three-phase synchronicity test accuracy).

[0090] 3. Frame retransmission mechanism: Follows the StarSpark SLB standard and is customized based on test priorities:

[0091] Highest priority (QoS=3): If no acknowledgment is received within 2μs after transmission, retransmit immediately, up to 3 times (control commands, dynamic data upload);

[0092] Medium priority (QoS=2): If no acknowledgment is received within 5μs after transmission, retransmission will be performed, up to 2 times (configuration frame, alarm frame).

[0093] Basic priority (QoS=1): If no acknowledgment is received within 10μs after transmission, the frame is discarded and retransmitted in the next cycle (synchronization frame, status frame).

[0094] 4. Frame verification: The Data Field uses CRC-32 verification (StarB SLB standard verification method) to ensure data transmission integrity. If the verification fails, it will trigger retransmission (highest priority frame) or discard (basic priority frame).

[0095] 5. Node ID definition.

[0096] Following the StarSpark SLB multi-node networking specification and combining the four core modules of the system, the node IDs are defined as follows to support master-slave communication and relay forwarding; as shown in Table 4.

[0097] Table 4 Node ID

[0098]

[0099] In each core communication frame, Jinxinnong's Data Field features a differentiated design. The Data Field is a variable-length field, encapsulated differently according to frame type. It carries test-related control commands, acquired data, synchronization information, etc. The detailed design is as follows, taking into account the functions of each module in the system. All fields comply with the Xingshan SLB standard and are adapted to circuit breaker testing scenarios.

[0100] (a) Time synchronization frame (frame type 0x0001, QoS=0x0003, highest priority).

[0101] Core function: Achieve sub-microsecond time synchronization between master and slave modules, providing a unified time reference for collaborative testing. It is divided into G-node broadcast frames and T-node feedback frames, supporting synchronous acquisition and control of multiple modules. It is the core guarantee of the system's testing accuracy and corresponds to the system's "master-slave time synchronization mechanism".

[0102] 1. The G node (handheld terminal) sends a frame (broadcast, target node ID=0xFFFFFFFE);

[0103] Sending cycle: 10ms / time (StarScan SLB standard synchronization cycle, balancing synchronization accuracy and transmission overhead);

[0104] Data Field length: 16 bytes (fixed, including timestamp, serial number, and calibration coefficient);

[0105] The field breakdown (by byte offset, totaling 16 bytes) is shown in Table 5:

[0106] Table 5 Time Synchronization Frame - G Node - Field Breakdown

[0107]

[0108] Additional explanation: The LTF field is dynamically adjusted to 1-2 symbols based on link quality to ensure synchronization accuracy in complex electromagnetic environments and meet the requirement of "sub-microsecond time synchronization".

[0109] 2. T-node (three-phase / dynamic / control terminal) feedback frame (unicast, target node ID=0x00000001);

[0110] Transmission timing: Feedback is provided within 2μs after receiving the G node synchronization frame to ensure the accuracy of delay calibration;

[0111] Data Field length: 12 bytes (fixed, including multiplexed sequence number, receive time stamp, and local time stamp);

[0112] The field breakdown (by byte offset, totaling 12 bytes) is shown in Table 6:

[0113] Table 6 Time Synchronization Frame - T Node - Field Breakdown

[0114]

[0115] (ii) Test configuration frame (frame type 0x0002, QoS=0x0002, medium priority).

[0116] Core function: Before testing, the G node sends test parameters to each T node and configures the module's working mode, which is divided into G node sending frames and T node confirmation frames, corresponding to the "test task configuration" steps of the system.

[0117] 1. Node G sends frames (unicast / broadcast, target node ID configured as needed);

[0118] Timing of transmission: Before the test starts, after the system has completed network synchronization;

[0119] Data Field length: 32 bytes (fixed, adaptable to all T-node configuration requirements, maximum 32 bytes);

[0120] The field breakdown (by byte offset, totaling 32 bytes) is shown in Table 7:

[0121] Table 7 G-Node Transmitted Frames - Field Breakdown

[0122]

[0123] 2. T-node acknowledgment frame (unicast, target node ID=0x00000001).

[0124] Timing of transmission: Feedback should be provided within 2μs after receiving the configuration frame (to ensure that the configuration takes effect in a timely manner);

[0125] Data Field length: 4 bytes (fixed, providing concise feedback on configuration status);

[0126] The field breakdown (by byte offset, totaling 4 bytes) is shown in Table 8:

[0127] Table 8 T-Node Confirmation Frame - Field Breakdown

[0128]

[0129] (iii) Control command frame (frame type 0x0003, QoS=0x0002, medium priority);

[0130] Core function: During the test, the G node sends control commands to the T node, especially the control terminal, to trigger circuit breaker opening and closing, energy storage and other operations. The corresponding "control terminal function" is divided into G node sending frames and control terminal feedback frames.

[0131] 1. Node G sends frames (primarily unicast, target node ID configured as needed, mainly sent to control terminal 0x00000004).

[0132] Timing of transmission: During the test, it is triggered according to the procedure (such as issuing a closing command during a closing test).

[0133] Transmission requirements: Frame length ≤ 64 bytes, transmission latency ≤ 10μs (document requirements, to ensure real-time control).

[0134] Data Field length: 16 bytes (fixed, including instruction type, parameters, and trigger timestamp);

[0135] The field breakdown (by byte offset, totaling 16 bytes) is shown in Table 9:

[0136] Table 9 G-Node Transmitted Frames - Field Breakdown

[0137]

[0138] 2. Control terminal (T node) feedback frame (unicast + broadcast, target node ID=0x00000001+broadcast0xFFFFFFFE);

[0139] Sending timing: Feedback on execution status within 2μs after receiving the instruction, and feedback on execution result within 10μs after execution is completed, to ensure that the G node has real-time status monitoring;

[0140] Data Field length: 12 bytes (fixed, including instruction type, status, execution time stamp, and loop data);

[0141] The field breakdown (by byte offset, totaling 12 bytes) is shown in Table 10:

[0142] Table 10 Control Terminal (T Node) Feedback Frame - Field Breakdown

[0143]

[0144] (iv) Data upload frame (frame type 0x0004, QoS=0x0002, medium priority);

[0145] Core function: Each T node uploads the collected test data to the G node, corresponding to the "Three-phase / Dynamic / Control Terminal Data Acquisition and Upload" function. The design is differentiated according to the T node type, and all are unicast (target node ID=0x00000001).

[0146] 1. The three-phase characteristic test terminal (T node, ID=0x00000002) uploads frames;

[0147] Sending timing: Uploaded within 10ms after the opening and closing test is completed;

[0148] Transmission frequency: Upload after each test, retransmit if there is an error;

[0149] Data Field length: 32 bytes (fixed, including three-phase data, time stamp, and checksum);

[0150] The field breakdown (by byte offset, totaling 32 bytes) is shown in Table 11:

[0151] Table 11 Data Upload Frame - Field Breakdown

[0152]

[0153] 2. The dynamic characteristic test terminal (T node, ID=0x00000003) uploads frames;

[0154] Sending timing: Uploaded within 10ms after the opening and closing test is completed;

[0155] Transmission frequency: Upload after each test, retransmit if there is an error;

[0156] Data Field length: 48 bytes (fixed, including data such as travel, speed, and vibration);

[0157] The field breakdown (by byte offset, totaling 48 bytes) is shown in Table 12:

[0158] Table 12 Frame Upload from Dynamic Characteristic Test Terminal (T Node) - Field Breakdown

[0159] 3. Control terminal (T node, ID=0x00000004) status upload frame;

[0160] Sending timing: Uploaded within 10ms after the opening and closing test is completed;

[0161] Transmission frequency: Upload after each test, retransmit if there is an error;

[0162] Data Field length: 16 bytes (fixed, including loop status, energy storage status, etc.);

[0163] The field breakdown (by byte offset, totaling 16 bytes) is shown in Table 13:

[0164] Table 13 Control Terminal (T Node) Status Upload Frame - Field Breakdown

[0165]

[0166] (v) Status feedback frame (frame type 0x0005, QoS=0x0003, highest priority);

[0167] Core functions: Real-time feedback on the working status, link quality and resource usage of each module, supporting dynamic scheduling of the main module, corresponding to the "module status monitoring" requirement, divided into periodic feedback frames from slave modules and status broadcast frames from the main module.

[0168] 1. Periodically feed back frames (unicast, target node ID=0x00000001) from the module (three-phase / dynamic / control terminal);

[0169] Sending interval: 100ms / time;

[0170] Data Field length: 8 bytes (fixed, providing concise feedback of core status and controlling frame length);

[0171] The field breakdown (by byte offset, totaling 8 bytes) is shown in Table 14:

[0172] Table 14 Status Feedback Frames - Field Breakdown

[0173]

[0174] 2. Main module (handheld terminal) status broadcast frame (broadcast, target node ID=0xFFFFFFFE);

[0175] Sending interval: 500ms / time;

[0176] Data Field length: 6 bytes (fixed, simplified global information);

[0177] The field breakdown (by byte offset, totaling 6 bytes) is shown in Table 15:

[0178] Table 15 Main Module (Handheld Terminal) Status Broadcast Frame - Field Breakdown

[0179]

[0180] (vi) Relay frame (frame type 0x0006, QoS = inherit the priority of the original frame);

[0181] Core function: When the link quality level between a slave module and the master module is >5, other slave modules forward data to maintain communication continuity. This corresponds to the "relay forwarding mechanism". Only slave modules are supported as relay nodes. There are no independent G nodes to send frames. The original frames are forwarded and relay information is supplemented.

[0182] The relay node (T node) forwards the frame (unicast, target node ID = original frame target node ID).

[0183] Triggering condition: The link quality level between the original frame sending node and the target node is >5 (the link quality level in the SIG-B field is ≥6).

[0184] Forwarding latency: ≤5μs;

[0185] Data Field length: Original frame Data Field length + 4 bytes (new relay identifier field added).

[0186] The field breakdown (by byte offset) is shown in Table 16:

[0187] Table 16 Relay Frame - Field Breakdown

[0188]

[0189] Additional notes: In the SIG-B field, the "Relay Node ID" should be filled with the current forwarding module ID, and the "Subcarrier Allocation Number" should be retained from the original frame configuration to avoid resource conflicts; the QoS priority is fully inherited from the original frame to ensure that high-priority frames (control commands, dynamic data) are forwarded without degradation.

[0190] (vii) Abnormal alarm frame (frame type 0x0007, QoS=0x0003, highest priority)

[0191] Core functions: Instantly report module failures, data anomalies, or link interruptions to trigger system collaborative processing. Corresponding to the "anomaly handling" requirements, it is divided into slave module alarm frames and master module alarm response frames.

[0192] 1. Alarm frame from module (three-phase / dynamic / control terminal) (unicast + broadcast, target node ID=0x00000001+0xFFFFFFFE);

[0193] Sending timing: Send immediately upon occurrence of an anomaly (no periodicity, triggered);

[0194] Data Field length: 12 bytes (fixed, including complete alarm information);

[0195] The field breakdown (by byte offset, totaling 12 bytes) is shown in Table 17:

[0196] Table 17 Abnormal Alarm Frames - Field Breakdown

[0197]

[0198] 2. Main module (handheld terminal) alarm response frame (unicast + broadcast, target node ID = fault slave module ID + 0xFFFFFFFE).

[0199] Sending timing: Response within 2μs after receiving the alarm frame;

[0200] Data Field length: 6 bytes (fixed, simplified processing instructions);

[0201] The field breakdown (by byte offset, totaling 6 bytes) is shown in Table 18:

[0202] Table 18 Main Module (Handheld Terminal) Alarm Response Frame - Field Breakdown

[0203]

[0204] (viii) Test end frame (frame type 0x0008, QoS=0x0001, basic priority);

[0205] Core functions: After the test is completed, issue an end command and provide feedback on the completion status, corresponding to the "test end process", which is divided into the main module sending frame and the slave module end feedback frame.

[0206] 1. The main module (handheld terminal) sends a frame (broadcast, target node ID=0xFFFFFFFE);

[0207] Timing of sending: After all test steps are completed and the main module generates the test results;

[0208] Data Field length: 8 bytes (fixed, including end instructions and data storage requirements);

[0209] The field breakdown (by byte offset, totaling 8 bytes) is shown in Table 19:

[0210] Table 19 Main Module (Handheld Terminal) Transmitted Frame - Field Breakdown

[0211]

[0212] 2. End feedback frame from module (three-phase / dynamic / control terminal) (unicast, target node ID=0x00000001);

[0213] Timing of transmission: After receiving the end command and after data storage / upload is completed;

[0214] Data Field length: 8 bytes (fixed, feedback of closing status);

[0215] The field breakdown (by byte offset, totaling 8 bytes) is shown in Table 20:

[0216] Table 20 Feedback Frame - Field Breakdown from Module (Three-Phase / Dynamic / Control Terminal) End-of-Frame Feedback

[0217]

[0218] Typical communication timing examples for four core tests;

[0219] The timing is based on "time point (μs)" as the axis, which clarifies the communication behavior, frame type and transmission and reception direction of each node, and strictly follows the low latency (≤20μs) and sub-microsecond synchronization requirements of StarSpark SLB.

[0220] (a) Closing test sequence (initial state: the circuit breaker has stored energy), as shown in Table 21.

[0221] Table 20 Closing Test Timing

[0222]

[0223] (ii) The timing sequence for the trip test (initial state: the circuit breaker has stored energy when closed), as shown in Table 21.

[0224] Table 21 Tripping Test Timing

[0225]

[0226] (III) Low voltage closing test sequence (initial state: open circuit without energy storage), as shown in Table 22.

[0227] Table 22 Low Voltage Closing Test Timing

[0228]

[0229] (iv) Low voltage trip test sequence (initial state: closed and stored energy), as shown in Table 23.

[0230] Table 23 Low Voltage Tripping Test Timing

[0231]

[0232] Supplementary information on communication support.

[0233] Abnormal scenario timing adaptation: If a link interruption occurs during the test (the slave module sends alarm frame 0x0007), the master module issues a "switch relay" processing command within 2μs, and the relay node (the slave module with the best link) forwards the original data frame (relay frame 0x0006) within 10μs to ensure that the test is not interrupted.

[0234] Frame interaction integrity: All frames follow the "send-acknowledge" mechanism (highest priority frames are retransmitted 3 times, medium priority frames are retransmitted 2 times). If there is no acknowledgement for status feedback frames or test end frames, they will be retransmitted in the next cycle to avoid data loss.

[0235] The complete parameter comparison table of communication frames of the StarSpark SLB master-slave module (as shown in Table 24) includes the frame type, QoS priority, core Data Field and send / receive rules for all 8 types of frames.

[0236] Table 24 Complete Parameter Comparison of Master-Slave Module Communication Frames

[0237]

[0238] By designing the communication frame structure and interaction timing, this study addresses four fundamental challenges in reliably replacing traditional physical cables with wireless over-the-air communication in complex industrial environments characterized by high electromagnetic interference, high-precision synchronization, high real-time control, and multi-node collaboration:

[0239] First, we need to solve the problem of unifying the sub-microsecond time base among distributed modules by designing a dedicated synchronization signaling with bidirectional delay calibration to ensure the accuracy of analysis of key parameters such as the synchronicity of the three phases.

[0240] Secondly, it addresses the determinism and real-time nature of control commands in strong electromagnetic environments by defining high-priority, low-latency control signaling frames with retransmission protection to ensure accurate triggering and reliable operation of circuit breaker opening and closing.

[0241] Third, it solves the problem of accurate fusion of multi-source heterogeneous test data in the time dimension. By forcibly embedding a unified time stamp in all data frames, the stroke, voltage, and vibration signals from different locations and different sensors can be strictly aligned on the same time axis, laying the foundation for comprehensive analysis of mechanical characteristics.

[0242] Fourth, it addresses the robustness issues of dynamic networking and communication links on-site. Through status feedback and link quality assessment, the system is equipped with adaptive anti-interference and self-healing capabilities, ensuring the continuity and integrity of the testing process in complex electromagnetic environments.

[0243] In this solution, the three-phase characteristic testing terminal module is used to capture the opening and closing action signals of the three-phase contacts of the circuit breaker in real time. It supports three-phase action synchronization analysis and fault diagnosis. After local preprocessing, the acquired data is packaged and uploaded to the main module with high-precision timestamps. This module is installed near each phase contact of the circuit breaker, which can shorten the signal acquisition path, avoid signal attenuation and electromagnetic interference introduced by long-distance transmission, and effectively reduce the impact of the on-site electromagnetic environment on measurement accuracy. The three-phase opening and closing signal acquisition is configured with dedicated sensing units to achieve electrical isolation and error decoupling. This module integrates a high-precision clock unit to maintain sub-microsecond synchronization with the main module, ensuring the accuracy and consistency of action signal acquisition. This module has local signal preprocessing capabilities, which can filter, perform edge detection, and event marking on the raw waveform, reducing the data processing burden of the main module and improving the overall system response efficiency.

[0244] In this solution, the dynamic characteristic testing terminal module is used to capture dynamic response signals during the opening and closing process in real time, collecting parameters such as the stroke, speed, and overtravel of the three-phase contacts. After local preprocessing, the collected data is packaged and uploaded to the main module with high-precision timestamps. This module is installed near the output shaft of the circuit breaker mechanism and captures the contact movement trajectory in real time through linear or accelerometer sensors, simultaneously capturing information such as mechanical vibration during the opening and closing process. After the data is uploaded to the cloud platform, it can be combined with big data analysis to achieve intelligent identification and trend prediction of typical mechanical faults such as mechanism wear, lubrication deterioration, and fastener loosening.

[0245] In this solution, the control terminal slave module has a built-in multi-channel isolated output channel. By receiving control commands from the main module, it supports multiple operation modes such as opening control, closing control, closing interlock release, and mechanism energy storage. It also has overcurrent protection and status feedback functions. The opening control voltage and closing control voltage are adjustable and used for testing the low-voltage operating characteristics of the opening and closing coils.

[0246] This module is also equipped with multiple optocoupler isolated input detection interfaces, which can configure and detect other arbitrary switch input signals, such as circuit breaker energy storage status, auxiliary switch position, and interlocking signals, and upload them to the main module in real time for logic judgment and interlocking control.

[0247] This module can be flexibly configured with output timing according to on-site requirements, and supports three-phase synchronous or phase-by-phase control operation to ensure the accuracy of tests under complex working conditions.

[0248] The data and status information collected by this module are preprocessed locally and then packaged and uploaded to the main module in combination with a high-precision timestamp.

[0249] The control terminal slave module, dynamic characteristic test terminal slave module, and three-phase characteristic test terminal slave module work together under the management of the handheld terminal master module to achieve precise control and dynamic monitoring of the circuit breaker opening and closing process.

[0250] The handheld terminal main module serves as the human-machine interface center, featuring a built-in high-performance processor and embedded operating system. It supports multi-task parallel processing, test task configuration, process start / stop, timing control, and test result visualization. It also provides data storage, fault diagnosis assistance, and remote upload capabilities. Through StarSignal SLB air interface technology, it maintains full-duplex communication with each slave module, ensuring sub-microsecond clock synchronization and strict alignment of multi-channel dynamic signals on the time axis, achieving reliable command transmission and timely data feedback. This module supports templated test process configuration, allowing users to preset typical test plans and start them with a single click, significantly improving on-site operational efficiency. It supports automatic generation of test reports and multi-dimensional data analysis, enabling pass / fail judgment based on preset thresholds and visually presenting test result deviations in a graphical format. It supports wireless network connection via WLAN, with test data encrypted and compressed before being uploaded to the cloud server via a secure transmission protocol. Based on historical data and machine learning models, it provides trend prediction and anomaly pattern recognition for test results, assisting maintenance personnel in decision-making.

[0251] This module can upload data such as the opening and closing coil current, energy storage circuit current, and low-voltage operating characteristics to the cloud platform. Combined with historical data, it performs horizontal comparisons and trend analysis to provide early warnings of potential problems such as coil aging, core jamming, and performance degradation of the energy storage motor. Through edge computing and cloud-based collaborative processing, it further improves testing accuracy and response speed, providing a reliable basis for equipment condition-based maintenance.

[0252] To enhance portability and ease of use, a storage box is included, featuring a built-in shockproof layer and modular slots for partitioned storage of various terminal modules and testing accessories. This storage box is integrated with the control terminal module, incorporating a power management unit that supports wide voltage input and battery power supply modes to adapt to different field power conditions. It powers the control module's switching, energy storage, and interlocking functions. The storage box's slots are equipped with contact metal charging units or wireless charging units, allowing charging of terminal modules upon placement. A Type-C emergency charging interface is also provided.

[0253] like Figure 1 As shown, the three-phase characteristic test terminal 4 is connected to the upper port 2 and lower port 3 of the circuit breaker of the handcart switch 1 through a dedicated test wiring. The three phases of the lower port are short-circuited. The terminal applies a specific voltage to the port and collects the electrical information changes of the circuit breaker opening and closing moment by collecting the electrical information changes above and below the circuit breaker opening and closing moment. The information is preprocessed locally to collect the opening and closing completion time and send the time information to the main module through the T node of the StarShan SLB network.

[0254] like Figure 2 As shown, the secondary wiring aviation plug 5 of the handcart switch 1 is connected to the control terminal via the control cable 6. The control terminal is integrated into the storage box 7 and establishes a stable communication link with each test terminal through the StarShan SLB network to complete timing coordination and data feedback. The control terminal receives commands from the handheld terminal 8, coordinates the three-phase characteristic test terminal and the dynamic characteristic test terminal to complete the test operation, and transmits the test data back to the handheld terminal in real time for comprehensive analysis. The handheld terminal 8 accesses the cloud platform via WLAN, combines historical data to complete test analysis, and generates a test report.

[0255] like Figure 3 As shown, the core functional modules of the three-phase characteristic testing terminal include circuit breaker opening and closing detection, SLB networking, and time synchronization. Hardware components include a power supply / battery, drive circuit, star-flash communication module, and wiring interfaces. When implementing the three-phase characteristic testing terminal's slave modules, for testing 10kV / 35kV handcart circuit breakers or 110kV / 220kV combined electrical circuit breakers, where the three phases are relatively close, the three-phase testing terminals can be designed within the same device. However, for devices with more distant three-phase distances, such as 110kV / 220kV outdoor open circuit breakers, the three-phase testing terminals must be designed as independent devices, with each phase configured with a separate slave module, installed nearby to ensure independent signal acquisition and anti-interference capabilities.

[0256] like Figure 4 As shown, the functional architecture of the dynamic characteristic testing terminal includes a travel sensing module, a sensor clamping module, a power supply / battery, a drive circuit, and a star-flash communication module. It can perform dynamic characteristic testing and analysis of the circuit breaker mechanism, SLB networking, and time synchronization. In implementing the dynamic characteristic testing terminal: because the instantaneous acceleration during the opening and closing of the circuit breaker is large, it significantly affects the performance of the distributed module power supply battery. Therefore, a "power supply unit + sensor unit" mode can be adopted. The sensor is fixed to the circuit breaker mechanism and connected to the power supply unit via a data cable, achieving separate configuration of power supply and data transmission.

[0257] like Figure 5As shown, the core functional modules of the control terminal include functions such as opening / closing control voltage regulation, opening / closing control and detection, energy storage circuit control and detection, unlocking circuit control and detection, SLB networking and time synchronization, etc. In terms of hardware, it includes power supply / battery, drive circuit, star flash communication module, wire interface, etc.

[0258] like Figure 6 As shown, the handheld terminal serves as the primary window for human-computer interaction. Its core functional modules include a display, button area, SLB networking and time synchronization, and WLAN network connectivity. Hardware-wise, it includes a power supply / battery, drive circuitry, a StarScan communication module, and a WLAN wireless module. This terminal integrates test task management, real-time data display, and remote control functions, supporting touch operation and data visualization. It broadcasts high-precision time synchronization signals via the StarScan SLB network, achieving sub-microsecond time axis alignment. Test data can be sent to a cloud server, and combined with historical data models in the cloud, it automatically identifies abnormal trends and generates diagnostic suggestions, significantly improving operational efficiency and equipment reliability.

[0259] like Figure 7 As shown, the storage box mainly includes an energy storage battery pack, a handheld terminal storage area, a control terminal and interface area, a dynamic characteristic test terminal charging and storage area, a three-phase characteristic test terminal charging and storage area, and a cable storage area. It also has data printing functions and is waterproof, dustproof, and anti-electromagnetic interference, making it suitable for complex field environments.

[0260] The mechanical characteristic testing process for circuit breakers based on StarSignal SLB is shown in Table 25. Taking the initial state of a tripped and energy-stored device as an example, the process is illustrated, including wiring and power-on, setting the initial test mode, closing test, motor energy storage, opening test, closing action voltage test, opening action voltage test, data printing, data uploading, and test completion. In each process, the sequence number indicates the order; steps with the same number represent corresponding steps in the coordinated operation of various terminals at the same point in time.

[0261] Table 25 Circuit Breaker Mechanical Characteristic Test Procedure Based on StarSignal SLB

[0262]

[0263] Table 26 shows the communication information transmission and reception list for each module in the test process, detailing the signal transmission and reception coordination relationship between each terminal and other terminals. Upon receiving the test start command from the handheld terminal, the control terminal automatically completes the corresponding settings and coordinates with other slave modules to perform timing control and data acquisition for the test task, ensuring that all nodes execute operations synchronously under a unified time reference. The handheld terminal monitors the entire test process in real time, receiving data from each node through StarSignal SLB air interface technology and analyzing key parameters such as opening and closing times, synchronicity, and operating voltage in real time using preset algorithms. In case of abnormalities, it automatically triggers audible and visual alarms and pauses the test. After the test, the system automatically generates a standardized report, supporting local printing and cloud-based synchronous backup.

[0264] Table 26 Test Procedure: List of Starlight Communication Information Transmission and Reception for Each Module

[0265]

[0266] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A circuit breaker mechanical characteristic testing system based on StarSignal SLB, characterized in that, It includes a handheld terminal main module for communication connection, a three-phase characteristic test terminal slave module, a dynamic characteristic test terminal slave module, and a control terminal slave module; the communication connection is specifically: wireless communication connection is established through the StarSpark SLB network that conforms to the StarSpark wireless communication system standard; The main module of the handheld terminal is the management node of the test network, used to distribute time synchronization benchmarks, schedule network resources, and uniformly issue test commands; The three-phase characteristic test terminal slave module, the dynamic characteristic test terminal slave module, and the control terminal slave module are the terminal nodes of the test network. They are used to receive instructions from the handheld terminal master module, and based on a unified time base, synchronously execute data acquisition or control operations, and send the result data back to the handheld terminal master module.

2. The circuit breaker mechanical characteristic testing system based on Star Flash SLB as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The StarShine SLB network operates using a dedicated communication protocol stack that matches the circuit breaker mechanical characteristic testing process. This protocol stack defines and distinguishes between a first type of signaling for time synchronization, a second type of signaling for test parameter configuration, a third type of signaling for triggering circuit breaker action, and a fourth type of signaling for uploading test data. The handheld terminal master module and each slave module interact with frames according to the dedicated communication protocol stack to collaboratively complete the test task.

3. The circuit breaker mechanical characteristic testing system based on Star Flash SLB as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The interaction process of the first type of signaling used for time synchronization, which is used to achieve sub-microsecond master-slave time synchronization, includes: The main module of the handheld terminal periodically broadcasts synchronization signaling carrying a time stamp; After receiving the synchronization signaling, each slave module records the local reception time and sends a response signaling to the handheld terminal master module within the specified first time window. This response signaling contains the local reception time information. The main module of the handheld terminal calculates and compensates for the bidirectional transmission delay of the network based on the transmission time stamp, the reception feedback time stamp, and the local reception time contained in the feedback signaling, and then distributes clock calibration information to each slave module.

4. The circuit breaker mechanical characteristic testing system based on Star Flash SLB as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The third type of signaling used to trigger the operation of a circuit breaker must satisfy at least one of the following constraints: The end-to-end communication delay from the handheld terminal main module to the control terminal sub-module execution is no more than 20 microseconds; Transmission is performed with the highest priority, and retransmission is initiated within a set number of microseconds if no acknowledgment is received. The signaling encapsulates the expected execution time stamp, and the control terminal triggers the operation synchronously from the module based on the expected execution time stamp.

5. The circuit breaker mechanical characteristic testing system based on Star Flash SLB as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The fourth type of signaling used for uploading test data embeds a time stamp generated by a "sub-microsecond master-slave time synchronization" mechanism in its data payload; The time stamps embedded in the fourth type of signaling from different slave modules share the same time base, enabling the main module of the handheld terminal to perform time alignment and fusion analysis on the data collected by different modules based on this time stamp.

6. The circuit breaker mechanical characteristic testing system based on Star Flash SLB as described in claim 2, characterized in that, For at least one of the closing test, opening test, and low voltage action test, a dedicated communication protocol stack defines the corresponding standard signaling interaction timing. The standard signaling interaction sequence includes at least the following stages performed in sequence: network-wide time synchronization stage, test parameter configuration and confirmation stage, circuit breaker action control and status feedback stage, multi-channel data acquisition and feedback stage, and test completion stage.

7. The circuit breaker mechanical characteristic testing system based on Star Flash SLB as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The three-phase characteristic test terminal slave module is used to acquire the opening and closing action signals of the three-phase contacts of the circuit breaker under test, and after preprocessing, upload them to the handheld terminal main module in combination with the timestamp. The dynamic characteristic test terminal module is used to collect contact travel, speed and vibration signals during the opening and closing process of the circuit breaker under test, and after preprocessing, uploads them to the main module of the handheld terminal in combination with the timestamp. The control terminal module is connected to the control circuit of the circuit breaker under test. According to the instructions from the main module of the handheld terminal, it controls the circuit breaker under test to perform at least one of the following operations: opening control, closing control, closing interlock release, and mechanism energy storage operation. It also collects the circuit status information of the circuit breaker under test and uploads it to the main module of the handheld terminal.

8. The circuit breaker mechanical characteristic testing system based on Star Flash SLB as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The dynamic characteristic test terminal adopts an architecture that separates the power supply unit and the sensor unit. The sensor unit is used to collect signals by being fixed on the circuit breaker operating mechanism. The power supply unit has a built-in battery and is connected to the sensor unit through a cable to power the sensor unit and communicate through the Mesh network.

9. The circuit breaker mechanical characteristic testing system based on Star Flash SLB as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes equipment storage boxes; The equipment storage box is equipped with slots for accommodating and securing the handheld terminal main module, the three-phase characteristic test terminal slave module, the dynamic characteristic test terminal slave module, and the control terminal slave module. The storage box integrates a power management unit for contact or wireless charging of the modules placed in the card slots. Furthermore, the control terminal is integrated with the module and the equipment storage box, with its control interface located on the outside of the storage box; the power management unit built into the storage box provides the operating power required for testing the control terminal module.

10. A method for testing the mechanical characteristics of circuit breakers based on StarSignal SLB, implemented using the system described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The system establishes communication upon power-up. The main module of the handheld terminal acts as the management node and periodically broadcasts time synchronization beacons, enabling each slave module to complete time synchronization. Test tasks and parameters are configured through the main module of the handheld terminal and uniformly distributed to the corresponding slave modules; Upon receiving the test start command, the control terminal slave module performs the specified operation on the circuit breaker according to the command; at the same time, the three-phase characteristic test terminal slave module and the dynamic characteristic test terminal slave module, based on a unified time base, synchronously collect the electrical characteristic data and mechanical dynamic characteristic data of the circuit breaker under test. After preprocessing, the collected data, combined with a high-precision timestamp, is transmitted back to the handheld terminal main module through the StarShan SLB network. The main module of the handheld terminal performs comprehensive processing and analysis on the returned data to generate test results.

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