A method for calculating water quantity in hilly irrigation area

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for calculating water volume in hilly irrigation areas, relating to the field of irrigation technology. It addresses the problems of large calculation errors and high implementation costs caused by complex terrain and dispersed water sources in hilly irrigation areas. The method first collects basic parameters such as terrain, water sources, meteorology, crops, and monitoring data. Then, based on the irrigation area slope, terrace levels, and pond / dam distribution density, a terrain correction coefficient model is constructed to correct the traditional crop water balance equation, resulting in a terrain-adaptive equation. Substituting water source parameters, the total input water volume is calculated. Combined with monitoring data from the beginning and end of ditches, water loss is calculated to obtain the net input water volume. The total return water volume and reuse volume are quantified based on field drainage flow, and then superimposed on the net input water volume to obtain the effective irrigation water volume. Finally, the total irrigation water volume, water source contribution ratio, and return water reuse rate are integrated and output. This invention adapts to hilly terrain characteristics, achieves multi-source coupling and quantitative utilization of return water, and offers accurate calculations with low implementation costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of irrigation technology, and in particular to a method for calculating water volume in hilly irrigation areas. Background Technology

[0002] Hilly irrigation areas are an important part of agricultural irrigation in my country. They have complex terrain, large slopes, and are often equipped with terraces, ponds, small ditches, and other facilities. Moreover, the water sources are decentralized and multi-type (pond water, ditch water, groundwater, and rainfall runoff). Compared with plain irrigation areas, the difficulty of water volume calculation is significantly increased.

[0003] Currently, existing irrigation water volume calculation methods are mainly designed for plain irrigation areas and have the following core defects: First, they do not fully consider the characteristics of hilly terrain. Traditional water balance equations do not incorporate topographic factors such as slope and terrace levels, resulting in large deviations in the calculation of water conveyance loss and field infiltration, making them unsuitable for the terrain differences in hilly irrigation areas. Second, they mostly adopt a single water source calculation model, failing to achieve multi-source coupling calculation of ponds, ditches, groundwater, and rainfall runoff, and ignoring the reuse characteristics of return water in hilly irrigation areas, leading to inaccurate calculation of total irrigation water volume. Third, existing intelligent metering methods rely on large-scale monitoring equipment, requiring the deployment of numerous water level and flow velocity monitoring stations, resulting in high implementation costs and unsuitability for small hilly irrigation areas. Traditional manual calculation methods are inefficient and prone to errors, failing to meet the needs of precision irrigation and optimized water resource allocation. Fourth, existing methods do not form a complete calculation process, focusing on optimizing single aspects (such as water conveyance loss and crop water requirements), lacking an integrated solution from data collection, terrain adaptation, multi-source coupling to return water utilization.

[0004] Furthermore, existing industry standards for water quantity calculation methods are mostly general-purpose. While they include some specific recommendations for hilly irrigation areas, they lack targeted calculation models and processes, making it difficult to address the challenges of water quantity calculation arising from the complex terrain, dispersed water sources, and limited monitoring conditions in hilly irrigation areas. With the increasing demand for water-saving irrigation and refined water resource management in agriculture, there is an urgent need for a low-cost and accurate water quantity calculation method for hilly irrigation areas that is adaptable to hilly terrain, considers multi-source coupling and return water utilization, and addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies. This method will provide technical support for the optimized allocation of water resources and improved irrigation efficiency in hilly irrigation areas. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, this application provides a method for calculating water volume in hilly irrigation areas to address the shortcomings of existing technologies.

[0006] The first aspect of this application provides a method for calculating water volume in hilly irrigation areas, including: Basic parameters of the hilly irrigation area were collected, including topographic parameters, water source parameters, meteorological parameters, crop parameters, and monitoring parameters. Among them, the topographic parameters included the slope of the irrigation area, the number of terraces, and the distribution density of ponds and dams; the water source parameters included the water storage capacity of ponds and dams, the water conveyance of ditches and canals, the groundwater recharge, and the rainfall runoff; the monitoring parameters included the water level at the beginning and end of ditches and canals, the flow velocity, and the field drainage flow. Based on the collected terrain parameters, a terrain correction coefficient model is constructed and the terrain correction coefficients are calculated. The terrain correction coefficient is linearly correlated with the slope of the irrigation area, the terrace level, and the distribution density of the ponds and dams; the terrain correction coefficient is used to correct the water balance equation based on crop water demand to obtain a terrain-adaptive water balance equation. The collected water source parameters are substituted into the terrain-adaptive water balance equation to calculate the total input water volume of the irrigation area; at the same time, based on the water level data and flow velocity data at the beginning and end of the ditch, combined with the water conveyance loss formula, the water conveyance loss of the ditch is calculated; the difference between the total input water volume of the irrigation area and the water conveyance loss of the ditch is calculated to obtain the net input water volume of the irrigation area. Based on the monitored field drainage flow and combined with the return water loss coefficient, the total return water volume and the return water reuse volume are calculated respectively; the return water reuse volume is added to the net input water volume of the irrigation area to obtain the corrected effective irrigation water volume of the irrigation area. By integrating all effective irrigation water, the total irrigation water volume of the entire hilly irrigation area, the contribution ratio of each water source, and the return water reuse rate are output to obtain the output results and complete the water volume calculation for the hilly irrigation area.

[0007] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the expression for the terrain correction coefficient model is: This is the terrain correction factor; For the slope of the irrigation area, Terraced fields The density of pond and dam distribution; This is the weighting coefficient for the slope of the irrigation area; The weighting coefficients for the terraced field levels; The weighting coefficient for the distribution density of ponds and dams; This is a correction constant; The weighting coefficient , and The terrain correction coefficient was obtained through training with multiple sets of typical sample data from hilly irrigation areas, so that it accurately matches the actual terrain characteristics of the hilly irrigation areas.

[0008] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the formula for calculating the total input water volume of the irrigation district is: This represents the total water input into the irrigation area. For the water storage capacity of the ponds and dams, For the water conveyance of ditches, This refers to groundwater recharge. Rainfall runoff; The formula for calculating the water loss in the ditch is: This refers to the water loss during ditch transport; The roughness coefficient of the ditch is determined based on the material of the ditch in the hilly irrigation area; The formula for calculating the net water input to the irrigation area is: This represents the net water input to the irrigation area.

[0009] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the formula for calculating the total amount of return water is: To return to the total amount of water, This refers to the field drainage flow rate; The return water collection coefficient is set based on the dispersed drainage characteristics of the hilly irrigation area. The formula for calculating the amount of recycled return water is: The amount of return water reused. The regression water loss coefficient; The formula for calculating the effective irrigation water volume of the irrigation district is: This refers to the effective irrigation water volume in the irrigation district.

[0010] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the method for acquiring the monitoring parameters includes: Actual monitoring data was collected through several monitoring stations; Using all actual monitoring data as a training set, machine learning algorithms are used to train and supplement the monitoring parameters, eliminating the need for large-scale deployment of monitoring equipment and effectively reducing monitoring costs. The machine learning algorithm is either the random forest algorithm or the backpropagation neural network algorithm.

[0011] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the terrain parameters are obtained through an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) remote sensing mapping system and a GIS geographic information system; The meteorological parameters include temperature, precipitation, and evaporation, which are collected by monitoring equipment at meteorological stations around the hilly irrigation area. The crop parameters include crop type, growth period, and irrigation quota. They are preset based on the types of crops planted in hilly irrigation areas and corrected by combining field survey data to ensure the accuracy and adaptability of the basic parameters.

[0012] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the water storage capacity of the pond / dam is calculated using a water level-volume curve, and the calculation formula is: The water surface area of ​​the pond / dam. This refers to the actual water depth of the pond / dam. This is the volume correction factor for ponds and dams, used to correct volume deviations caused by siltation in ponds and dams.

[0013] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the groundwater recharge is calculated using a groundwater dynamic monitoring method, and the calculation formula is: The aquifer permeability coefficient is... For water conservancy slope, Area for groundwater recharge; The water level gradient is calculated by monitoring the groundwater level difference at different points in the hilly irrigation area.

[0014] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the rainfall runoff is calculated using the SCS runoff curve, and the calculation formula is: Rainfall; This represents the maximum water storage capacity of the soil, a value preset based on the soil type in hilly irrigation areas.

[0015] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the output results are displayed in the form of visual charts, specifically including a pie chart of the contribution ratio of each water source, a line chart of the monthly effective irrigation water volume change, and a trend chart of the return water reuse rate. The output results are synchronously transmitted to the irrigation district water resources management platform to guide irrigation scheduling, water resources optimization and allocation, and irrigation efficiency assessment.

[0016] Its beneficial effects are as follows: This invention constructs a terrain-adaptive water balance equation based on the topography and water source characteristics of hilly irrigation areas, solving the calculation deviation problem caused by the poor terrain adaptability of traditional methods; it realizes multi-source coupled calculation of ponds, ditches, groundwater, and rainfall runoff, and quantifies the utilization of return water, which is more in line with the actual water resource cycle in hilly irrigation areas; it supplements monitoring parameters by combining a small amount of monitoring data with machine learning algorithms, reducing equipment investment and implementation costs; at the same time, it forms an integrated calculation process from data acquisition to result output, and the calculation results are accurate and can directly guide the water resource management of irrigation areas. It is applicable to hilly irrigation areas of all sizes and has good promotion and application value. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a method for calculating water volume in a hilly irrigation area provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0020] In this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0021] Example Existing irrigation district water volume calculation technologies are primarily designed for plain irrigation areas and cannot adapt to the unique characteristics of hilly irrigation areas, such as terrain and water sources. Furthermore, they have significant shortcomings in terms of calculation processes and implementation costs. Specific problems are as follows: 1) Lack of terrain adaptability, resulting in large calculation errors. The traditional water balance equation does not take into account the topographic features of hilly irrigation areas, such as slope undulation, terrace distribution, and scattered ponds and dams. It does not incorporate core topographic factors such as irrigation area slope, terrace level, and pond and dam distribution density, resulting in significant deviations between the calculation of water loss in ditches and field infiltration and the actual situation, and it cannot adapt to the differences in hilly terrain.

[0022] 2) The water source calculation model is too simplistic and ignores the value of return water. The calculation methods mostly use single or dual water source superposition, failing to achieve multi-source coupling calculation of pond water, ditch water, groundwater, and rainfall runoff; at the same time, the utilization of return water unique to hilly irrigation areas lacks quantitative calculation and consideration, remaining only at the qualitative description level, resulting in the total irrigation water volume calculation results not matching the actual water resource cycle.

[0023] 3) Imbalance between implementation cost and computational efficiency, resulting in poor adaptability. Existing smart metering methods rely on large-scale monitoring equipment and high-density monitoring stations, which are costly to install and maintain, making them unsuitable for small and medium-sized hilly irrigation areas. Traditional manual calculation methods are inefficient and subject to uncontrollable human error, failing to meet the actual needs of precise irrigation and optimized water resource allocation in hilly irrigation areas.

[0024] 4) Fragmented computing processes and lack of integrated solutions Existing technologies mostly optimize single aspects of water quantity calculation (such as water loss estimation, crop water requirement simulation, and single water source metering), and have not formed a complete calculation system covering data collection, terrain adaptation, multi-water source coupling, return water utilization, and result output. The technology has weak practicality and cannot systematically solve the problem of water quantity calculation in hilly irrigation areas.

[0025] 5) Industry standards and models are universal, with no proprietary solutions. The existing industry standards for water volume calculation methods are general frameworks, containing only a few specific suggestions for hilly irrigation areas. They do not establish calculation models, coefficient systems, and implementation procedures specific to hilly irrigation areas, making it difficult to cope with the actual scenarios of complex terrain, dispersed water sources, and limited monitoring conditions in hilly irrigation areas.

[0026] Therefore, this application provides a method for calculating water volume in hilly irrigation areas, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes: Basic parameters of the hilly irrigation area were collected, including topographic parameters, water source parameters, meteorological parameters, crop parameters, and monitoring parameters. Among them, the topographic parameters included the slope of the irrigation area, the number of terraces, and the distribution density of ponds and dams; the water source parameters included the water storage capacity of ponds and dams, the water conveyance of ditches and canals, the groundwater recharge, and the rainfall runoff; the monitoring parameters included the water level at the beginning and end of ditches and canals, the flow velocity, and the field drainage flow. Based on the collected terrain parameters, a terrain correction coefficient model is constructed and the terrain correction coefficients are calculated. The terrain correction coefficient is linearly correlated with the slope of the irrigation area, the terrace level, and the distribution density of the ponds and dams; the terrain correction coefficient is used to correct the water balance equation based on crop water demand to obtain a terrain-adaptive water balance equation. The collected water source parameters are substituted into the terrain-adaptive water balance equation to calculate the total input water volume of the irrigation area; at the same time, based on the water level data and flow velocity data at the beginning and end of the ditch, combined with the water conveyance loss formula, the water conveyance loss of the ditch is calculated; the difference between the total input water volume of the irrigation area and the water conveyance loss of the ditch is calculated to obtain the net input water volume of the irrigation area. Based on the monitored field drainage flow and combined with the return water loss coefficient, the total return water volume and the return water reuse volume are calculated respectively; the return water reuse volume is added to the net input water volume of the irrigation area to obtain the corrected effective irrigation water volume of the irrigation area. By integrating all effective irrigation water, the total irrigation water volume of the entire hilly irrigation area, the contribution ratio of each water source, and the return water reuse rate are output to obtain the output results and complete the water volume calculation for the hilly irrigation area.

[0027] This embodiment provides a method for calculating water volume in hilly irrigation areas, with the following specific steps: Step 1: Basic Parameter Acquisition Topographic parameters of the hilly irrigation area, including slope, terrace levels, and density of ponds and dams, were obtained through a drone remote sensing mapping system and a GIS geographic information system, with an accuracy error controlled within 5%. Meteorological parameters, including temperature, precipitation, and evaporation, were collected from meteorological stations around the irrigation area, with a collection frequency of once a day. Crop parameters, including crop type, growth period, and irrigation quota, were preset and corrected based on field surveys and local planting habits. Monitoring parameters, including water level at the beginning and end of ditches, flow velocity, and field drainage flow, were collected through several monitoring points. At the same time, water source parameters, including pond and dam storage capacity, ditch water conveyance, groundwater recharge, and rainfall runoff, were obtained by combining field surveys with hydrological calculations.

[0028] Step 2: Terrain Adaptation Correction Based on the collected irrigation district slope Terraced fields Distribution density of ponds and dams Construct a multivariate linear terrain correction coefficient model ,in , , The weighting coefficients were obtained through training with no fewer than 10 sets of typical sample data from hilly irrigation areas. This is a correction constant; the terrain correction coefficient is calculated. Subsequently, this coefficient was used to modify the traditional water balance equation based on crop water requirements, resulting in a terrain-adapted water balance equation suitable for the topographic features of hilly irrigation areas. The modified equation effectively reduces water transport losses and field infiltration calculation errors caused by topographic undulations. The traditional water balance equation formula is as follows: This refers to the amount of water needed for artificial irrigation, which is the amount of irrigation water that needs to be transported to the irrigation area through facilities such as ditches and pumping stations. Effective rainfall in the field refers to the portion of rainfall that can be absorbed and utilized by crop roots and included in the field water balance (excluding surface runoff and ineffective deep infiltration). Groundwater recharge refers to the amount of groundwater that rises to the crop root zone, which is the natural water replenishment in the field. Crop transpiration, which is the amount of water transpired by crops for growth plus the amount of water evaporated from the soil surface in the field, is the core consumption item of field water. This refers to field drainage volume, which is the amount of excess water in the field that needs to be discharged through the drainage system. This refers to the deep infiltration volume in the field, which is the amount of water that seeps below the crop root system and cannot be utilized. This represents the change in soil water storage in the field, specifically the difference in soil root zone water storage between the beginning and end of the calculation period (positive values ​​indicate an increase in water storage, while negative values ​​indicate a decrease in water storage).

[0029] Step 3: Multi-source coupling calculation The water storage capacity of the ponds and dams Water conveyance of ditches Groundwater recharge Rainfall runoff Substituting the topographically adapted water balance equation, the total input water volume of the irrigation district is calculated. Based on the water level and flow velocity data at the beginning and end of the ditch, combined with the ditch roughness coefficient (Determined based on the material of the ditch, such as earthen or stone ditch), through the formula Calculate the water loss in the ditch; then through The net water input to the irrigation area was calculated. Step 4: Regression Water Quantification Calculation Based on monitored field drainage flow The return water collection coefficient was set based on the dispersed field drainage characteristics of hilly irrigation areas. ,pass Calculate the total amount of return water; then combine it with the return water loss coefficient. ,pass Calculate the amount of recycled return water; [The sentence is incomplete and requires more context to translate accurately.] Added to the net water input of the irrigation area ,pass The corrected effective irrigation water volume of the irrigation district is obtained, realizing the quantitative utilization and water volume correction of the return water.

[0030] Step 5: Output and Application of Results The system integrates the effective irrigation water volume of each area in the irrigation district, calculates and outputs the total irrigation water volume of the entire hilly irrigation district, the contribution ratio of each water source, and the return water reuse rate. The output results are displayed in a visual form, including a pie chart of the contribution ratio of each water source, a line chart of the monthly effective irrigation water volume change, and a trend chart of the return water reuse rate. The results are also transmitted to the irrigation district water resources management platform. Based on these results, the platform formulates irrigation scheduling plans, optimizes water resource allocation, and evaluates irrigation efficiency, thereby achieving refined management of water resources in the hilly irrigation district.

[0031] In some embodiments, the expression for the terrain correction coefficient model is: This is the terrain correction factor; For the slope of the irrigation area, Terraced fields The density of pond and dam distribution; This is the weighting coefficient for the slope of the irrigation area; The weighting coefficients for the terraced field levels; The weighting coefficient for the distribution density of ponds and dams; This is a correction constant; The weighting coefficient , and It was obtained through training with multiple sets of typical sample data from hilly irrigation areas.

[0032] In some embodiments, the formula for calculating the total input water volume of the irrigation district is: This represents the total water input into the irrigation area. For the water storage capacity of the ponds and dams, For the water conveyance of ditches, This refers to groundwater recharge. Rainfall runoff; The formula for calculating the water loss in the ditch is: This refers to the water loss during ditch transport; The roughness coefficient of the ditch is determined based on the material of the ditch in the hilly irrigation area; The formula for calculating the net water input to the irrigation area is: This represents the net water input to the irrigation area.

[0033] In some embodiments, the total amount of return water is calculated as follows: To return to the total amount of water, This refers to the field drainage flow rate; The return water collection coefficient is set based on the dispersed drainage characteristics of the hilly irrigation area. The formula for calculating the amount of recycled return water is: The amount of return water reused. The regression water loss coefficient; The formula for calculating the effective irrigation water volume of the irrigation district is: This refers to the effective irrigation water volume in the irrigation district.

[0034] In some embodiments, the monitoring parameter acquisition method includes: Actual monitoring data was collected through several monitoring stations; All actual monitoring data were used as the training set, and machine learning algorithms were used to train and supplement the monitoring parameters. The machine learning algorithm is either the random forest algorithm or the backpropagation neural network algorithm.

[0035] In some embodiments, the terrain parameters are obtained through an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) remote sensing mapping system and a GIS geographic information system; The meteorological parameters include temperature, precipitation, and evaporation, which are collected by monitoring equipment at meteorological stations around the hilly irrigation area. The crop parameters include crop type, growth period, and irrigation quota, which are preset based on the types of crops planted in hilly irrigation areas and modified in combination with field survey data.

[0036] In some embodiments, the water storage capacity of the pond / dam is calculated using a water level-volume curve, and the calculation formula is as follows: The water surface area of ​​the pond / dam. This refers to the actual water depth of the pond / dam. This is the correction factor for the volume of the pond / dam.

[0037] In some embodiments, the groundwater recharge is calculated using a groundwater dynamic monitoring method, and the calculation formula is: The aquifer permeability coefficient is... For water conservancy slope, Area for groundwater recharge; The water level gradient is calculated by monitoring the groundwater level difference at different points in the hilly irrigation area.

[0038] In some embodiments, the rainfall runoff is calculated using the SCS runoff curve, and the calculation formula is: Rainfall; This represents the maximum water storage capacity of the soil, a value preset based on the soil type in hilly irrigation areas.

[0039] In some embodiments, the output results are displayed in the form of visual charts, including a pie chart of the contribution ratio of each water source, a line chart of the monthly effective irrigation water volume change, and a trend chart of the return water reuse rate. The output results are synchronously transmitted to the irrigation district water resources management platform to guide irrigation scheduling, water resources optimization and allocation, and irrigation efficiency assessment.

[0040] Those skilled in the art will further recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computing software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of the various examples have been generally described in terms of functionality in the foregoing description. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0041] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including both the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the invention.

[0042] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for calculating water volume in hilly irrigation areas, characterized in that, include: Basic parameters of the hilly irrigation area were collected, including topographic parameters, water source parameters, meteorological parameters, crop parameters, and monitoring parameters. Among them, the topographic parameters included the slope of the irrigation area, the number of terraces, and the distribution density of ponds and dams; the water source parameters included the water storage capacity of ponds and dams, the water conveyance of ditches and canals, the groundwater recharge, and the rainfall runoff; the monitoring parameters included the water level at the beginning and end of ditches and canals, the flow velocity, and the field drainage flow. Based on the collected terrain parameters, a terrain correction coefficient model is constructed and the terrain correction coefficients are calculated. The terrain correction coefficient is linearly correlated with the slope of the irrigation area, the terrace level, and the distribution density of the ponds and dams; the terrain correction coefficient is used to correct the water balance equation based on crop water demand to obtain a terrain-adaptive water balance equation. The collected water source parameters are substituted into the terrain-adaptive water balance equation to calculate the total input water volume of the irrigation area; at the same time, based on the water level data and flow velocity data at the beginning and end of the ditch, combined with the water conveyance loss formula, the water conveyance loss of the ditch is calculated. The difference between the total water input to the irrigation district and the water loss in the ditches is calculated to obtain the net water input to the irrigation district. Based on the monitored field drainage flow and combined with the return water loss coefficient, the total return water volume and the return water reuse volume are calculated respectively; the return water reuse volume is added to the net input water volume of the irrigation area to obtain the corrected effective irrigation water volume of the irrigation area. By integrating all effective irrigation water, the total irrigation water volume of the entire hilly irrigation area, the contribution ratio of each water source, and the return water reuse rate are output to obtain the output results and complete the water volume calculation for the hilly irrigation area.

2. The method for calculating water volume in hilly irrigation areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The expression for the terrain correction coefficient model is as follows: This is the terrain correction factor; For the slope of the irrigation area, Terraced fields The density of pond and dam distribution; This is the weighting coefficient for the slope of the irrigation area; The weighting coefficients for the terraced field levels; The weighting coefficient for the distribution density of ponds and dams; This is a correction constant; The weighting coefficient , and It was obtained through training with multiple sets of typical sample data from hilly irrigation areas.

3. The method for calculating water volume in hilly irrigation areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the total water input to the irrigation district is: This represents the total water input into the irrigation area. For the water storage capacity of the ponds and dams, For the water conveyance of ditches, This refers to groundwater recharge. Rainfall runoff; The formula for calculating the water loss in the ditch is: This refers to the water loss during ditch transport; The roughness coefficient of the ditch is determined based on the material of the ditch in the hilly irrigation area; The formula for calculating the net water input to the irrigation area is: This represents the net water input to the irrigation area.

4. The method for calculating water volume in hilly irrigation areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the total amount of return water is: To return to the total amount of water, This refers to the field drainage flow rate; The return water collection coefficient is set based on the dispersed drainage characteristics of the hilly irrigation area. The formula for calculating the amount of recycled return water is: The amount of return water reused. The regression water loss coefficient; The formula for calculating the effective irrigation water volume of the irrigation district is: This refers to the effective irrigation water volume in the irrigation district.

5. The method for calculating water volume in hilly irrigation areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The methods for obtaining the monitoring parameters include: Actual monitoring data was collected through several monitoring stations; All actual monitoring data were used as the training set, and machine learning algorithms were used to train and supplement the monitoring parameters. The machine learning algorithm is either the random forest algorithm or the backpropagation neural network algorithm.

6. The method for calculating water volume in hilly irrigation areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The terrain parameters were obtained through a UAV remote sensing mapping system and a GIS geographic information system. The meteorological parameters include temperature, precipitation, and evaporation, which are collected by monitoring equipment at meteorological stations around the hilly irrigation area. The crop parameters include crop type, growth period, and irrigation quota, which are preset based on the types of crops planted in hilly irrigation areas and modified in combination with field survey data.

7. The method for calculating water volume in hilly irrigation areas according to claim 3, characterized in that, The water storage capacity of the pond / dam is calculated using the pond / dam water level-volume curve, and the calculation formula is as follows: The water surface area of ​​the pond / dam. This refers to the actual water depth of the pond / dam. This is the correction factor for the volume of the pond / dam.

8. The method for calculating water volume in hilly irrigation areas according to claim 3, characterized in that, The groundwater recharge was calculated using a groundwater dynamic monitoring method, and the calculation formula is as follows: The aquifer permeability coefficient is... For water conservancy slope, Area for groundwater recharge; The water level gradient is calculated by monitoring the groundwater level difference at different points in the hilly irrigation area.

9. The method for calculating water volume in a hilly irrigation area according to claim 3, characterized in that, The rainfall runoff was calculated using the SCS runoff curve, and the calculation formula is as follows: Rainfall; This represents the maximum water storage capacity of the soil, a value preset based on the soil type in hilly irrigation areas.

10. The method for calculating water volume in a hilly irrigation area according to claim 1, characterized in that, The output results are displayed in the form of visual charts, including a pie chart of the contribution ratio of each water source, a line chart of the monthly effective irrigation water volume change, and a trend chart of the return water reuse rate. The output results are synchronously transmitted to the irrigation district water resources management platform to guide irrigation scheduling, water resources optimization and allocation, and irrigation efficiency assessment.

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