Daytime chemotherapy infusion session matching appointment method and system

Abstract

This application discloses a method and system for matching and scheduling daytime chemotherapy infusion sessions, relating to the field of medical information technology. The method includes: obtaining patient infusion scheduling requests; calculating the probability of adverse reactions and determining a time buffer based on this probability; constructing a resource sharing matrix and obtaining the resource saturation of the target time slot. The resource sharing matrix characterizes the degree of resource sharing among patients within the scheduled time slot in infusion seats, responsible nurses, and medication dispensing windows. The time buffer is adjusted based on the time slot resource saturation. Based on delay propagation boundary calculations, patient infusion scheduling requests are matched to time slots. The delay propagation boundary calculation recursively calculates the consumption rate of the time buffer and combines it with the resource sharing matrix to determine the cutoff boundary for delay propagation, generating a scheduling allocation scheme. This application reduces unnecessary scheduling adjustments and improves patient satisfaction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of medical information technology, and in particular to a method and system for matching and scheduling daytime chemotherapy infusion sessions. Background Technology

[0002] With the rising incidence of cancer and advancements in chemotherapy technology, day chemotherapy has gradually become an important approach to cancer treatment. Day chemotherapy centers provide chemotherapy infusion services to patients through centralized management of infusion seats, nursing resources, and medication dispensing windows. To improve resource utilization and patient experience, day chemotherapy centers need to rationally schedule patient infusion appointments.

[0003] Current daytime chemotherapy infusion booking methods typically employ a fixed-time reservation strategy, reserving a fixed time slot for each patient based on the infusion duration of the chemotherapy drugs. This method treats all patients as having the same adverse reaction risk during the booking process, without assessing individualized adverse reaction probabilities, historical adverse reaction records, or physiological characteristics. When patients experience adverse reactions such as vomiting or allergic reactions during infusion, the infusion needs to be paused for treatment, leading to prolonged infusion time. Because the fixed-time reservation strategy does not account for delays caused by adverse reactions, high-risk patients are allocated insufficient time, easily leading to treatment interruptions; while low-risk patients are allocated excessive time, resulting in empty seats and wasted resources. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the aforementioned problems, this application is hereby filed.

[0005] Therefore, this application provides a method and system for matching and scheduling daytime chemotherapy infusion sessions, which can solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application provides the following technical solution: In a first aspect, this application provides a method for matching and scheduling daytime chemotherapy infusion sessions, including: obtaining a patient's infusion scheduling request; The probability of adverse reaction occurrence is calculated based on the patient's historical adverse reaction records, the patient's physiological characteristic parameters, and the type of chemotherapy drug in the patient's infusion appointment request, and the time buffer amount is determined based on the probability of adverse reaction occurrence. Construct a resource sharing degree matrix and obtain the resource saturation of the target time period. The resource sharing degree matrix represents the degree of resource sharing among patients in the appointment time period in terms of infusion seats, responsible nurses, and medication dispensing windows. Adjust the time buffer amount according to the resource saturation of the time period. Based on the delay propagation boundary calculation, the patient's infusion appointment request is matched with the time period. The delay propagation boundary calculation determines the cutoff boundary of delay propagation by recursively calculating the consumption rate of the time buffer and combining it with the resource sharing degree matrix, and generates an appointment time period allocation scheme.

[0007] Preferably, the calculation of the probability of adverse reaction occurrence based on the patient's historical adverse reaction records, patient physiological characteristic parameters, and the type of chemotherapy drug in the patient's infusion appointment request includes: Extract vomiting and allergic reaction records from the patient's historical adverse reaction records; Based on the emetogenic risk level corresponding to the type of chemotherapy drug and the vomiting occurrence record, the probability of vomiting-type adverse reactions is constructed. Based on the allergy-induced risk level corresponding to the type of chemotherapy drug and the record of allergic reactions, the probability of allergic adverse reactions is constructed. The probability of the adverse reaction is obtained by superimposing the probability of the vomiting-type adverse reaction and the probability of the allergic adverse reaction using a dual-channel risk method.

[0008] Preferably, determining the time buffer amount based on the probability of adverse reaction occurrence includes: When the probability of vomiting-related adverse reactions falls into the high-risk range of vomiting, the duration of vomiting management after suspending infusion and the duration of feasibility assessment of subsequent infusion after vomiting are obtained. The duration of vomiting management after suspending infusion and the duration of feasibility assessment of subsequent infusion after vomiting are combined and calculated to obtain the vomiting buffer duration. When the probability of the occurrence of the allergic adverse reaction falls into the high-risk range of allergy, the emergency treatment time for allergy after stopping the infusion and the waiting time for safety observation of the subsequent infusion are combined and calculated to obtain the allergic buffer time, which is greater than the vomiting buffer time. The dominant risk is extracted from the vomiting buffer duration and the allergy buffer duration, and the buffer duration corresponding to the dominant risk is used as the time buffer amount. When neither the probability of vomiting-type adverse reaction nor the probability of allergic adverse reaction falls into the corresponding high-risk range, the time buffer amount is determined as the basic buffer duration based on the joint risk quantification value of the probability of vomiting-type adverse reaction and the probability of allergic adverse reaction.

[0009] Preferably, the degree of resource sharing in the resource sharing matrix is ​​determined in the following way: Obtain the types of shared resources between the first patient and the second patient, including infusion seats, responsible nurses, medication dispensing windows, and infusion pump equipment; Based on the degree of impact of each resource type being locked during the infusion interruption period after an adverse reaction occurs, preventing it from serving other patients, a first ratio parameter is assigned to the infusion seat, a second ratio parameter is assigned to the responsible nurse, a third ratio parameter is assigned to the medication dispensing window, and a fourth ratio parameter is assigned to the infusion pump device; wherein the second ratio parameter is determined based on the duration of the infusion interruption resource lockout for the first patient by the responsible nurse during the emergency treatment of the adverse reaction; Based on the first matching parameter, the second matching parameter, the third matching parameter, and the fourth matching parameter, a multi-resource type coupling solution is performed on the occupancy status of each shared resource type between the first patient and the second patient to obtain the resource occupancy coupling degree between the first patient and the second patient, and the resource occupancy coupling degree is filled into the corresponding position of the resource sharing degree matrix.

[0010] Preferably, adjusting the time buffer amount based on the resource saturation of the time period includes: The duration of the suspension of infusion resources corresponding to the type of chemotherapy drug is obtained. The duration of the suspension of infusion resources is the duration during which the infusion seat, infusion pump equipment and responsible nurse are simultaneously locked after an adverse reaction occurs and cannot serve subsequent patients. When the resource saturation of the time period is greater than the saturation threshold and the target time period is during the nurse shift change period, the time buffer amount and the time period for locking the infusion resource are combined to calculate the resource occupation time and reduce the new patient appointment acceptance rate. When the resource saturation of the time period is less than the saturation threshold, the time buffer amount and the time of suspension of infusion resource lockout are combined to calculate the resource occupation time. When the target time period is during the peak load period of the dispensing center, the dispensing delay compensation time is added to the combined solution of the resource occupation time. The adjusted time buffer size is obtained.

[0011] Preferably, the recursive calculation of the consumption rate of the time buffer includes: When an adverse reaction is detected in a patient during the execution of the appointment time allocation scheme, the patient is identified as the source of the delay, and the adverse reaction type is determined based on the real-time assessment performed by the nurse on the source of the delay. When the adverse reaction type is determined to be vomiting, the duration of vomiting treatment is obtained, and the delay duration of the patient at the source of the delay is determined by combining the nurse's response time and the puncture delay time of the patient at the source of the delay. When the adverse reaction type is determined to be allergic, the allergic treatment time is obtained. Combined with the nurse's response time and the puncture delay time of the patient at the source of the delay, the delay time of the patient at the source of the delay is determined. The extended delay time is obtained by adding the waiting time for safety observation of the subsequent infusion of the allergic reaction to the delay time. Based on the time slot arrangement order in the appointment time slot allocation scheme, the next patient adjacent to the delayed patient is determined as the next patient, and the delay duration or the extended delay duration is mapped to the adjusted time buffer corresponding to the next patient. When the delay duration or the extended delay duration exceeds the adjusted time buffer, the portion of the delay duration or the extended delay duration not covered by the adjusted time buffer is extracted as a residual delay load. The residual delay load is then propagated sequentially to each subsequent patient determined according to the time slot arrangement order of the appointment time slot allocation scheme. The residual delay load is then subjected to natural absorption calculation based on the arrival time elasticity of each subsequent patient. Repeat the containment mapping and residual delay load propagation until the residual delay load does not exceed the adjusted time buffer between the current patient and its successor patient, and obtain the delay consumption rate distribution result corresponding to the time buffer.

[0012] Preferably, the step of performing a natural absorption calculation on the residual delay load based on the arrival time elasticity of each of the subsequent patients includes: The arrival time flexibility of each subsequent patient is quantified by the arrival advance amount, which is the difference between the actual arrival time of the subsequent patient and the start time of the corresponding appointment time of the subsequent patient in the appointment time allocation scheme. The arrival advance is mapped to the residual delay load, and the portion of the residual delay load covered by the arrival advance is extracted as the natural absorption amount. The remaining portion of the residual delay load after removing the natural absorption is taken as the residual delay load to be propagated, thus obtaining the natural absorption and the residual delay load to be propagated.

[0013] Preferably, determining the cutoff boundary for delay propagation by combining the resource sharing degree matrix includes: In the path of delay transmission, according to the time slot arrangement order in the appointment time slot allocation scheme, the subsequent patients who need to be determined whether they are affected by the delay are identified as target patients; When the resource sharing degree matrix detects that the resource occupancy coupling degree between the target patient and the delay source patient is zero, the target patient is determined as the cutoff boundary for delay propagation. When it is detected that the target patient is using an independent infusion channel and the medication preparation time window of the target patient does not overlap with the medication preparation time window of the delay source patient, the target patient is identified as a patient to be isolated in parallel and the spread of delay is blocked.

[0014] Preferably, after generating the reservation time slot allocation scheme, the method further includes: Based on the number of nurses in charge in the chemotherapy infusion room and the nursing operation standards, the critical values ​​for simultaneous emergency treatment and simultaneous antiemetic nursing were determined. The target time period is divided into multiple time segments, and the concentration of patients in the high-risk allergy interval and the high-risk vomiting interval in each time segment is statistically analyzed to obtain the time segment concentration distribution of high-risk patients. When the number of patients in the high-risk patient time period concentration distribution exceeds the simultaneous emergency treatment threshold or the number of patients in the vomiting high-risk patient time period exceeds the simultaneous anti-vomiting care threshold in a single time period segment, the time period allocation of the patients in the high-risk allergy or vomiting high-risk patient time period in the appointment time period allocation scheme is decentralized and rearranged so that the number of patients in each type of high-risk patient time period in adjacent time periods meets the corresponding threshold constraint. Output the reservation time slot allocation scheme after the decentralized rearrangement is performed.

[0015] Secondly, this application also provides a daytime chemotherapy infusion time slot matching and appointment system, including: The appointment acquisition module is used to acquire patients' infusion appointment requests; The risk buffer module is used to calculate the probability of adverse reactions based on the patient's historical adverse reaction records, the patient's physiological characteristic parameters, and the type of chemotherapy drug in the patient's infusion appointment request, and to determine the time buffer amount based on the probability of adverse reactions. The resource correction module is used to construct a resource sharing degree matrix and obtain the resource saturation of the target time period. The resource sharing degree matrix represents the degree of resource sharing among patients in the infusion seat, responsible nurse and medication window within the appointment time period. The time buffer amount is adjusted according to the resource saturation of the time period. The boundary matching module is used to match the patient's infusion appointment request with the time period based on the delay propagation boundary calculation. The delay propagation boundary calculation determines the cutoff boundary of delay propagation by recursively calculating the consumption rate of the time buffer and combining it with the resource sharing degree matrix, and generates an appointment time period allocation scheme.

[0016] Thirdly, an electronic device is provided, comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program, wherein the computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor executes the computer program to perform the methods described in the first aspect of this application and various possible methods related to the first aspect.

[0017] This application provides a method and system for matching and scheduling daytime chemotherapy infusion sessions. 1. This invention calculates the probability of adverse reactions based on patients' historical adverse reaction records, physiological parameters, and chemotherapy drug types. It then constructs the probabilities of vomiting-related and allergic adverse reactions, determining the time buffer based on whether the adverse reaction probability falls within the high-risk range. This individualized adverse reaction risk assessment enables differentiated time reservation, avoiding the problems of insufficient time reservation for high-risk patients or excessive time reservation for low-risk patients caused by fixed time reservation strategies. This improves the accuracy of time reservation and resource utilization.

[0018] 2. This invention constructs a resource-sharing degree matrix to characterize the degree of resource sharing among patients. Combined with this matrix, it determines the cutoff boundary for delay propagation. Delay propagation is blocked when the resource occupancy coupling degree between the target patient and the source patient is zero. By recursively calculating the consumption rate of the time buffer and flexibly performing natural absorption calculations based on patient arrival times, the invention accurately identifies the delay propagation boundary, avoiding over-adjustment problems caused by global delay strategies, reducing unnecessary appointment adjustments, and improving patient satisfaction. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or related technologies, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this application or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is an overall flowchart of a daytime chemotherapy infusion time slot matching and appointment method involved in this application; Figure 2 This is an application environment diagram of a daytime chemotherapy infusion time slot matching and appointment method involved in this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a daytime chemotherapy infusion time slot matching and reservation system related to this application; Figure 4 This is a computer device diagram of a daytime chemotherapy infusion time slot matching and appointment method involved in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0022] The daytime chemotherapy infusion time slot matching and reservation method provided in this embodiment of the invention can be applied to, for example... Figure 2 In the application environment shown, terminal 102 communicates with server 104 via a network. A data storage system can store the data that server 104 needs to process. The data storage system can be integrated onto server 104, or it can be located in the cloud or on another network server.

[0023] Server 104 obtains the patient's infusion appointment request, calculates the probability of adverse reaction occurrence based on the patient's historical adverse reaction records, patient physiological characteristic parameters, and chemotherapy drug type, and determines the time buffer amount based on the adverse reaction occurrence probability; constructs a resource sharing degree matrix and obtains the time period resource saturation, and adjusts the time buffer amount based on the time period resource saturation; performs time period matching on the patient's infusion appointment request based on delay propagation boundary calculation, determines the delay propagation cutoff boundary by recursively calculating the consumption rate of the time buffer amount and combining it with the resource sharing degree matrix, and generates an appointment time period allocation scheme; pushes the appointment time period allocation scheme to terminal 102.

[0024] The terminal 102 can be, but is not limited to, various personal computers, laptops, smartphones, tablets, IoT devices, and portable wearable devices. IoT devices can include smart speakers, smart TVs, and smart in-vehicle devices. Portable wearable devices can include smartwatches, smart bracelets, and head-mounted devices. The server 104 can be a standalone physical server, a server cluster or distributed system composed of multiple physical servers, or a cloud server providing cloud computing services. The server 104 can interact with medical information systems such as the Hospital Information System (HIS), Electronic Medical Record (EMR), and nurse workstation systems to obtain data such as patients' historical adverse reaction records, patients' physiological characteristic parameters, and chemotherapy drug types, and synchronize the generated appointment time allocation scheme to the medical information system.

[0025] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, a method for matching and scheduling daytime chemotherapy infusion times is provided, including: S1: Obtain the patient's infusion appointment request; It should be noted that current methods mainly rely on subjective estimations of patients' infusion time in a hospital setting, such as patient self-reported estimated time or total time assessment based on routine drug infusion rates. However, patients are prone to estimation errors during the appointment stage due to factors such as lack of medical knowledge and individual physiological differences. For example, when using highly emetogenic drugs, patients may not have reserved time for antiemetic observation, or poor vascular conditions may lead to excessively long puncture times. This makes it impossible for the appointment time to accurately reflect the actual resources used, resulting in incorrect calculations of infusion chair turnover rates. Consequently, it is impossible to accurately reflect the patient's actual treatment process time, thereby reducing the accuracy of resource matching and leading to appointment conflicts or resource idleness.

[0026] Therefore, the patient's vascular condition assessment level and historical puncture success rate will be collected in the appointment request to reduce the impact of individual physiological differences.

[0027] Based on this, when chemotherapy drugs have an emetogenic risk level, there may be distortions in the medication preparation and observation time. For example, the standard infusion procedure may be implemented, but due to the high risk level, the system needs to reserve extra buffer time. The system may place the request in a high buffer period, resulting in inaccurate subsequent scheduling. Therefore, we will first correct the time parameters in the patient's infusion appointment request, and then perform time period matching to obtain the corresponding infusion seat allocation plan to ensure the continuity of subsequent treatment.

[0028] The patient identifier refers to data used to uniquely identify the target individual, such as medical insurance card number or patient ID. It should be noted that this can be combined with the patient's electronic medical record data, such as historical test reports and allergy history, for multi-dimensional consideration. During data transmission, relevant data can be prioritized and sent to the patient for confirmation. Patients can only send authorized private data, and the data collection device only connects to the hospital's internal services. The preset duration is a pre-set validity period for appointments, such as payment within 4 hours. Daily data refers to patient appointment request data within the preset duration.

[0029] A patient’s infusion appointment request should include at least the patient’s identification, type of chemotherapy drug, estimated infusion duration, desired appointment time, patient’s vascular condition assessment level, and patient’s history of puncture success rate. The emetogenic risk level corresponding to the type of chemotherapy drug is determined according to the chemotherapy drug emetogenic grading system, and the patient's vascular condition assessment level is used to estimate the puncture delay time after the patient is seated in the infusion seat.

[0030] S2: Calculate the probability of adverse reaction occurrence based on the patient's historical adverse reaction records, patient physiological characteristic parameters, and chemotherapy drug type in the patient's infusion appointment request, and determine the time buffer amount based on the probability of adverse reaction occurrence; It should be noted that setting fixed experience values ​​for chemotherapy time allocation cannot adapt to individual differences. Insufficient time allocation for high-risk patients may lead to treatment interruption, while excessive time allocation for low-risk patients may result in empty seats.

[0031] The probability of adverse reactions is calculated based on the patient's historical adverse reaction records, physiological parameters, and type of chemotherapy drug. The probability of vomiting-related adverse reactions is determined by the emetic risk level and vomiting occurrence records, while the probability of allergic adverse reactions is determined by the allergy-induced risk level and allergic reaction occurrence records. The high-risk interval for vomiting is defined based on the statistical distribution of clinical vomiting incidence, and the high-risk interval for allergies is defined based on the frequency of severe allergic reactions. When the probability of vomiting-related adverse reactions falls within the high-risk interval, the vomiting management time after suspending the infusion and the feasibility assessment time for subsequent infusion are combined to obtain the vomiting buffer time. When the probability of allergic adverse reactions falls within the high-risk interval, the allergy buffer time is obtained by combining the emergency allergy management time after suspending the infusion and the waiting time for safety observation of subsequent infusion. The allergy buffer time is greater than the vomiting buffer time.

[0032] Step S2 includes steps S21 to S24: Step S21: Extract vomiting and allergic reaction records from the patient's historical adverse reaction records.

[0033] The vomiting occurrence record documents the number of times, severity, and duration of vomiting that occurred during the patient's previous chemotherapy sessions. For example, if a patient has vomited 3 times in the past 6 chemotherapy sessions, with each vomiting episode lasting 12 minutes, 15 minutes, and 10 minutes respectively, then the vomiting occurrence record would include information such as the number of vomiting episodes (3), the vomiting frequency (50%), and the average duration of treatment (12.3 minutes).

[0034] The allergy record documents the number of allergic reactions, the type of allergy, and the duration of treatment during the patient's previous chemotherapy. For example, if a patient has experienced one mild rash allergic reaction during the past 8 chemotherapy sessions, with a treatment duration of 25 minutes, the allergy record would include information such as 1 allergy occurrence, allergy frequency of 12.5%, allergy type as mild rash, and treatment duration of 25 minutes.

[0035] Understandably, a patient's past experience with adverse reactions during chemotherapy is an important basis for predicting future adverse reaction risks. Records of vomiting and allergic reactions reflect a patient's tolerance to chemotherapy drugs in the digestive and immune systems, respectively. These two types of records are extracted for subsequent construction of individualized adverse reaction probabilities.

[0036] Step S22: Based on the emetic risk level corresponding to the type of chemotherapy drug and the vomiting occurrence record, construct the probability of vomiting-type adverse reaction; based on the allergy-induced risk level corresponding to the type of chemotherapy drug and the allergic reaction occurrence record, construct the probability of allergic-type adverse reaction.

[0037] The emetogenic risk level is determined according to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of chemotherapy drugs. The WHO categorizes chemotherapy drugs into four levels: highly emetogenic, moderately emetogenic, lowly emetogenic, and very lowly emetogenic. Highly emetogenic chemotherapy drugs have an incidence of vomiting greater than 90%, such as cisplatin and nitrogen mustard; moderately emetogenic chemotherapy drugs have an incidence of vomiting between 30% and 90%, such as carboplatin and oxaliplatin; lowly emetogenic chemotherapy drugs have an incidence of vomiting between 10% and 30%, such as paclitaxel and docetaxel; and very lowly emetogenic chemotherapy drugs have an incidence of vomiting less than 10%, such as vinorelbine and gemcitabine.

[0038] The risk level of allergic reactions is determined based on statistical data on the frequency of clinical allergic reactions. Chemotherapy drugs are classified into three levels: high-risk, intermediate-risk, and low-risk. High-risk chemotherapy drugs have an allergy incidence rate greater than 5%, such as paclitaxel and docetaxel; intermediate-risk chemotherapy drugs have an allergy incidence rate of 1% to 5%, such as platinum-based drugs; and low-risk chemotherapy drugs have an allergy incidence rate of less than 1%, such as fluorouracil-based drugs.

[0039] When constructing the probability of vomiting-type adverse reactions, if a patient has never vomited during previous chemotherapy, the probability of vomiting-type adverse reactions is taken as the baseline vomiting incidence rate corresponding to the emetogenic risk level. For example, if a patient is using a moderately emetogenic chemotherapy drug and has never vomited before, the probability of vomiting-type adverse reactions is taken as 60% of the baseline vomiting incidence rate corresponding to moderate emetogenicity.

[0040] If a patient has experienced vomiting during previous chemotherapy, the probability of a vomiting-related adverse reaction is calculated by adding a historical vomiting frequency correction value to the baseline vomiting incidence rate. The historical vomiting frequency correction value is calculated as the ratio of the total number of previous chemotherapy sessions to the number of vomiting episodes. For example, if a patient has experienced vomiting 3 times in 6 previous chemotherapy sessions, with a historical vomiting frequency of 50%, and if the patient is using a moderately emetogenic chemotherapy drug with a baseline vomiting incidence rate of 60%, then the probability of a vomiting-related adverse reaction is the weighted average of 60% and 50%. The weight can be determined based on the number of previous chemotherapy sessions; the more previous chemotherapy sessions, the greater the weight of the historical vomiting frequency.

[0041] When constructing the probability of allergic adverse reactions, if a patient has never experienced an allergic reaction during previous chemotherapy, the probability of allergic adverse reactions is taken as the baseline allergy incidence rate corresponding to the allergy induction risk level. If a patient has experienced an allergic reaction during previous chemotherapy, the probability of allergic adverse reactions is calculated by adding a historical allergy frequency correction value to the baseline allergy incidence rate. The historical allergy frequency correction value is calculated as the ratio of the total number of previous chemotherapy sessions to the number of allergy reactions.

[0042] Step S23: The probability of adverse reactions is obtained by superimposing the probability of vomiting-type adverse reactions and the probability of allergic adverse reactions using a dual-channel risk method.

[0043] The dual-channel risk superposition considers the possibility of simultaneous occurrence of vomiting-related adverse reactions and allergic adverse reactions. Using joint probability calculation methods from probability theory, the probabilities of occurrence of the two types of adverse reactions are combined into a comprehensive adverse reaction probability.

[0044] It should be noted that the mechanisms of vomiting-related adverse reactions and allergic adverse reactions during chemotherapy infusion differ. Vomiting-related adverse reactions are mainly caused by the irritation of the digestive system by chemotherapy drugs, while allergic adverse reactions are mainly caused by an abnormal reaction of the immune system to chemotherapy drugs. The management methods, duration of treatment, and impact on subsequent infusions differ between the two types of adverse reactions. Therefore, it is necessary to calculate the probability of vomiting-related adverse reactions and the probability of allergic adverse reactions separately, and then obtain the overall probability of adverse reactions by superimposing the risks through a dual-pathway risk assessment.

[0045] Calculating the probability of occurrence of the two types of adverse reactions separately can provide a more refined risk stratification basis for determining the time buffer size, avoiding the problem of inaccurate time reservation caused by using the probability of occurrence of a single adverse reaction.

[0046] Step S24: Determine the time buffer amount based on the probability of adverse reactions.

[0047] The time buffer is the time interval reserved between adjacent patient appointment slots to absorb delays caused by adverse reactions.

[0048] Furthermore, step S24 specifically includes steps S241 to S245: Step S241: Define the high-risk zones for vomiting and allergies.

[0049] The high-risk range for vomiting was defined based on the statistical distribution of clinical vomiting incidence. By analyzing vomiting data from a large number of chemotherapy patients, the actual vomiting incidence corresponding to different vomiting-related adverse reaction probability ranges was statistically analyzed, and the probability range with an actual vomiting incidence rate greater than 70% was defined as the high-risk range for vomiting.

[0050] The high-risk allergy zone is defined based on the frequency of severe allergic reactions. By analyzing allergy data from chemotherapy patients, the frequency of severe allergic reactions corresponding to different probability ranges of adverse allergic reactions was statistically analyzed. The probability range with a severe allergic reaction frequency greater than 3% was defined as the high-risk allergy zone. Severe allergic reactions refer to allergic reactions requiring emergency treatment.

[0051] The 70% threshold for the high-risk vomiting zone is chosen because when the actual incidence of vomiting exceeds 70%, the probability of vomiting has changed from "possible" to "highly probable." Sufficient time buffer must be allowed to handle the need for vomiting management. The 3% threshold for the high-risk allergy zone is chosen because although the overall incidence of allergic reactions may not be high, severe allergic reactions, once they occur, require far longer treatment than vomiting and may endanger the patient's life. Therefore, even if the frequency of severe allergic reactions is only 3%, they still need to be included in the high-risk zone for focused prevention.

[0052] Step S242: When the probability of vomiting-related adverse reactions falls into the high-risk range of vomiting, obtain the duration of vomiting management after suspending infusion and the duration of feasibility assessment of subsequent infusion after vomiting, and combine the two for sequential management to obtain the vomiting buffer duration.

[0053] The duration of vomiting management after intravenous infusion cessation refers to the time required for the nurse to stop the infusion, assist the patient in handling the vomit, clean the patient and surrounding environment, and administer antiemetic medication after the patient vomits. According to clinical nursing practice guidelines and historical data on vomiting management, the duration of vomiting management after intravenous infusion cessation is usually 10 to 15 minutes.

[0054] The duration for assessing the feasibility of continued intravenous infusion after vomiting is the time required for the nurse to evaluate whether the patient can continue intravenous infusion and to observe whether the patient's vomiting symptoms have been relieved after the vomiting has been treated. According to clinical nursing practice guidelines, the feasibility assessment time for continued intravenous infusion after vomiting is usually 5 to 10 minutes.

[0055] The combined solution for the treatment sequence adds the time for managing vomiting after suspending the infusion to the time for assessing the feasibility of resuming infusion after vomiting, resulting in the total time from the onset of the vomiting-related adverse reaction to the resumption of infusion. For example, if the time for managing vomiting after suspending the infusion is 12 minutes and the time for assessing the feasibility of resuming infusion after vomiting is 8 minutes, then the buffer time for vomiting is 20 minutes.

[0056] Understandably, managing vomiting is not something that can be done instantly upon vomiting; it requires a series of steps, including pausing the IV infusion, cleaning the vomit, cleaning the environment, and administering antiemetics. After managing vomiting, the nurse needs to assess whether the patient can continue the IV infusion and observe whether the vomiting symptoms have subsided. Only when the assessment confirms that the patient can continue the IV infusion can the infusion process resume. Therefore, the vomiting buffer time must encompass both the management time and the assessment time to accurately reflect the complete impact of adverse reactions to vomiting on the IV infusion process.

[0057] Step S243: When the probability of allergic adverse reaction falls into the high-risk range of allergy, obtain the emergency treatment time for allergy after stopping infusion and the waiting time for safety observation of subsequent infusion after allergy, and combine the two for treatment sequence calculation to obtain the allergy buffer time.

[0058] The emergency treatment time for allergic reactions after intravenous infusion is defined as the time required for the nurse to immediately stop the infusion, administer anti-allergy medication, monitor the patient's vital signs, and call a doctor for emergency treatment if necessary after the patient experiences an allergic reaction. According to clinical nursing practice guidelines and historical allergy management data, the emergency treatment time for allergic reactions after intravenous infusion is typically 20 to 30 minutes.

[0059] The waiting time for safety observation after an allergic reaction is the duration required for nurses to continuously observe whether the patient's allergic symptoms have completely subsided and to assess whether it is safe to resume intravenous infusion after the emergency allergic treatment has been completed. According to clinical nursing practice guidelines, the waiting time for safety observation after an allergic reaction is usually 30 to 60 minutes.

[0060] The combined calculation of treatment sequence involves adding the time for emergency treatment of allergies after suspending infusion with the waiting time for safety observation of subsequent infusions to obtain the allergy-related buffer time. The allergy-related buffer time is greater than the vomiting-related buffer time because the complexity of managing allergic reactions and the observation time are significantly higher than those for vomiting reactions.

[0061] It's important to note that managing allergic reactions is far more complex than managing vomiting. Allergic reactions can manifest as rashes, difficulty breathing, decreased blood pressure, or even anaphylactic shock, requiring immediate administration of anti-allergy medication, monitoring of vital signs, and, in severe cases, emergency medical intervention. After emergency allergic treatment, nurses must continue to observe whether the patient's allergic symptoms have completely subsided and ensure that the patient's vital signs are stable before considering resuming intravenous infusion. The waiting time for safety observation after an allergic reaction to intravenous infusion is typically 30 to 60 minutes, significantly longer than the 5 to 10 minutes required for feasibility assessment after vomiting.

[0062] Step S244: When either the probability of vomiting-type adverse reaction or the probability of allergic adverse reaction falls into the corresponding high-risk range, extract the dominant risk for the vomiting-type buffer duration and the allergic-type buffer duration, and use the buffer duration corresponding to the dominant risk as the time buffer amount.

[0063] It should be noted that traditional methods, which use a simple weighted average to combine the buffer time for vomiting and the buffer time for allergic reactions, may dilute the high risk of one type of adverse reaction with the low risk of another. For example, if a patient has an 8% probability of experiencing an allergic reaction, requiring a 50-minute buffer time, but only a 20% probability of experiencing a vomiting reaction, requiring only a 15-minute buffer time, the traditional method may not be sufficient to meet the allergy management needs due to the weighted average buffer time being only about 30 minutes, resulting in insufficient time for allergy treatment when it occurs.

[0064] To identify the dominant risk, the probability of vomiting-related adverse reactions is compared with that of allergic adverse reactions, and the adverse reaction type with the higher probability is selected as the dominant risk. If the probability of vomiting-related adverse reactions is greater than that of allergic adverse reactions, the dominant risk is vomiting-related adverse reactions, and the time buffer is the same as the vomiting-related buffer duration; if the probability of allergic adverse reactions is greater than that of vomiting-related adverse reactions, the dominant risk is allergic adverse reactions, and the time buffer is the same as the allergic-related buffer duration.

[0065] If either the probability of vomiting-related adverse reactions or the probability of allergic adverse reactions falls within the corresponding high-risk range, then the primary risk is extracted. This reflects the risk-first screening principle, meaning that a high risk for any type of adverse reaction is sufficient to determine the time buffer.

[0066] Step S245: When it is determined that neither the probability of vomiting adverse reaction nor the probability of allergic adverse reaction falls into the corresponding high-risk range, the time buffer amount is determined as the basic buffer duration based on the joint risk quantification value of the probability of vomiting adverse reaction and the probability of allergic adverse reaction.

[0067] When neither the probability of vomiting-related adverse reactions nor the probability of allergic adverse reactions falls within the corresponding high-risk range, it indicates that the patient's risk of experiencing adverse reactions is relatively low, but not entirely zero. In this case, the time buffer amount is determined as the basic buffer duration based on the combined risk quantification value of the probabilities of vomiting-related and allergic adverse reactions.

[0068] The combined risk quantification value is calculated by weighted summation of the probabilities of vomiting-related adverse reactions and anaphylactic adverse reactions. Anaphylactic adverse reactions have a greater impact on the infusion process than vomiting-related adverse reactions; therefore, the weight of the probability of anaphylactic adverse reactions is higher than that of vomiting-related adverse reactions. In one embodiment, the weight of the probability of anaphylactic adverse reactions is 0.6, and the weight of the probability of vomiting-related adverse reactions is 0.4.

[0069] The baseline buffer duration is determined by linear interpolation within a preset buffer duration range based on the combined risk quantification value. The preset buffer duration range is determined based on historical operational data and resource utilization statistics of the day chemotherapy center, and is typically 5 to 15 minutes. When the combined risk quantification value is close to 0, the baseline buffer duration is 5 minutes; when the combined risk quantification value is close to 1, the baseline buffer duration is 15 minutes; when the combined risk quantification value is between 0 and 1, the baseline buffer duration is calculated through linear interpolation.

[0070] Understandably, determining the basic buffer time based on the joint risk quantification value ensures a certain safety margin while avoiding resource waste caused by excessive time allocation. The joint risk quantification value comprehensively considers the probability of vomiting-related adverse reactions and the probability of allergic adverse reactions, assigning different weights according to the degree of impact of the two types of adverse reactions on the infusion process, making the determination of the basic buffer time more scientific and reasonable.

[0071] Preferably, steps S241 to S245 identify high-risk adverse reaction types through dominant risk extraction, avoiding the problem of "dilution of high-risk adverse reactions with low-risk adverse reactions" that may occur with simple weighted averaging. For low-risk patients who pass the initial screening, the precise baseline buffer duration is calculated by combining risk quantification values, achieving a combination of coarse screening and fine assessment, and improving the accuracy of determining the time buffer amount.

[0072] Preferably, steps S21 to S24 comprehensively assess the patient's adverse reaction risk using two dimensions: the probability of vomiting-related adverse reactions and the probability of allergic adverse reactions. Compared to methods that only consider a single type of adverse reaction, this approach can more comprehensively identify differences in patient tolerance in the digestive and immune systems, improving the accuracy of determining the time buffer. By employing dominant risk extraction and combined risk quantification calculation, differentiated time reservations are achieved between high-risk and low-risk patients, resolving the problem that setting fixed empirical values ​​for chemotherapy reserve times cannot adapt to individual differences.

[0073] S3: Construct a resource sharing degree matrix and obtain the resource saturation of the target time period. The resource sharing degree matrix represents the degree of resource sharing among patients in the infusion seat, responsible nurse and medication window within the appointment time period. Adjust the time buffer according to the resource saturation of the time period. In the management of daytime chemotherapy infusion appointments, the degree of resource sharing among patients directly affects the scope of delay spread. If multiple patients share the same infusion seat, responsible nurse, or medication dispensing window, when one patient experiences an adverse reaction, the delay will quickly spread to other patients sharing the resources. This step constructs a resource sharing matrix to characterize the degree of resource sharing among patients within the appointment time slot, and adjusts the time buffer based on the resource saturation of the target time slot to achieve accurate assessment of the risk of delay spread.

[0074] Step S3 includes steps S31 to S34: Step S31: Obtain the type of shared resources between the first patient and the second patient.

[0075] The shared resources include infusion seats, responsible nurses, medication preparation windows, and infusion pump equipment. An infusion seat is the physical location where a patient receives chemotherapy infusions; a responsible nurse is the nurse in charge of the patient's infusion process; a medication preparation window is the time window for preparing chemotherapy drugs; and an infusion pump is a medical device that controls the infusion rate.

[0076] For example, if the first patient's appointment time is from 9:00 AM to 11:00 AM, assigned to infusion seat number 3, with Nurse A as the responsible nurse, and the medication dispensing window is from 8:30 AM to 8:45 AM, using infusion pump number 1. If the second patient's appointment time is from 10:00 AM to 12:00 PM, also assigned to infusion seat number 3, with Nurse A as the responsible nurse, and the medication dispensing window is from 9:30 AM to 9:45 AM, using infusion pump number 2, then the shared resources between the first and second patients include the infusion seat and the responsible nurse.

[0077] Understandably, when a first patient and a second patient share an infusion seat, the second patient can only use the seat after the first patient has completed their infusion and left. If the first patient experiences an adverse reaction that prolongs the infusion time, the second patient's infusion start time will be delayed accordingly. When a first patient and a second patient share a charge nurse, the charge nurse needs to care for both patients simultaneously. If the first patient experiences an adverse reaction, the charge nurse needs to focus on managing the first patient's adverse reaction and cannot provide nursing care for the second patient at the same time, thus affecting the second patient's infusion process.

[0078] Step S32: Based on the degree of impact of each resource type being locked during the infusion suspension period after the adverse reaction occurs and unable to serve other patients, assign a first matching parameter to the infusion seat, a second matching parameter to the responsible nurse, a third matching parameter to the medication dispensing window, and a fourth matching parameter to the infusion pump equipment.

[0079] Among these, "resource locked" refers to a situation where, after an adverse reaction occurs, that resource cannot serve other patients. "Infusion seat locked" means that a patient experiencing an adverse reaction is still occupying an infusion seat for treatment, preventing other patients from using that seat. "Assigned nurse locked" means that the assigned nurse is treating a patient's adverse reaction and cannot provide nursing services to other patients simultaneously. "Pharmacy window locked" means that the pharmacy is preparing chemotherapy drugs for a patient and cannot prepare medications for other patients at the same time. "Infusion pump equipment locked" means that the infusion pump equipment is being used to administer intravenous fluids to a patient, preventing other patients from using the equipment.

[0080] The impact of locking down different resource types during the interruption of infusion after an adverse reaction varies. Locking down infusion seats has the highest impact because the number of seats is limited, and locking them directly prevents other patients from starting their infusions. Locking down the responsible nurse has the next highest impact because the responsible nurse needs to focus on managing the adverse reaction and cannot provide care to other patients simultaneously. Locking down the medication dispensing window has a lower impact because the lockout period is short, and medication dispensing centers typically have multiple windows that can operate concurrently. Locking down infusion pump equipment has the lowest impact because there are relatively sufficient infusion pumps available, and they can be quickly replaced.

[0081] In one embodiment, the first ratio parameter is 0.4, the second ratio parameter is 0.35, the third ratio parameter is 0.15, and the fourth ratio parameter is 0.1. The sum of the first, second, third, and fourth ratio parameters is 1, indicating that the total influence of the four types of resources on the propagation of delays is 100%.

[0082] It should be noted that the second matching parameter is determined based on the duration of the infusion resource suspension lockout for the first patient during the adverse reaction emergency management period. The infusion resource suspension lockout duration is the continuous period after the adverse reaction occurs during which the infusion seat, infusion pump equipment, and responsible nurse are simultaneously locked out and unable to serve subsequent patients. During the management of the adverse reaction, the responsible nurse needs to continuously care for the patient and cannot provide nursing services to other patients. The longer the infusion resource suspension lockout duration, the greater the impact of the responsible nurse being locked out, and the larger the second matching parameter.

[0083] For example, the time limit for suspending intravenous fluid resources for vomiting-related adverse reactions is usually 15 to 20 minutes, while the time limit for suspending intravenous fluid resources for allergic adverse reactions is usually 50 to 90 minutes. For vomiting-related adverse reactions, the second ratio parameter can be 0.3; for allergic adverse reactions, the second ratio parameter can be 0.4.

[0084] Step S33: Based on the first matching parameter, the second matching parameter, the third matching parameter and the fourth matching parameter, perform multi-resource type coupling calculation on the occupancy status of each shared resource type between the first patient and the second patient to obtain the resource occupancy coupling degree between the first patient and the second patient.

[0085] The occupancy status indicates whether the first patient and the second patient share a certain resource type. If the first patient and the second patient share a certain resource type, the occupancy status of that resource type is 1; if the first patient and the second patient do not share a certain resource type, the occupancy status of that resource type is 0.

[0086] The multi-resource type coupling solution multiplies the occupancy status of each shared resource type with its corresponding allocation parameter and then sums the results to obtain the resource occupancy coupling degree. The formula for calculating the resource occupancy coupling degree is: Resource occupancy coupling degree = Infusion seat occupancy status × First allocation parameter + Responsible nurse occupancy status × Second allocation parameter + Medication dispensing window occupancy status × Third allocation parameter + Infusion pump equipment occupancy status × Fourth allocation parameter.

[0087] For example, the first patient and the second patient share an infusion seat and the responsible nurse, but do not share the medication preparation window and infusion pump. The occupancy status of the infusion seat is 1, the responsible nurse's occupancy status is 1, the medication preparation window's occupancy status is 0, and the infusion pump's occupancy status is 0. The first ratio parameter is 0.4, the second ratio parameter is 0.35, the third ratio parameter is 0.15, and the fourth ratio parameter is 0.1. Then, the resource occupancy coupling degree = 1 × 0.4 + 1 × 0.35 + 0 × 0.15 + 0 × 0.1 = 0.75.

[0088] Understandably, the resource occupancy coupling degree ranges from 0 to 1. A resource occupancy coupling degree of 0 indicates that the first patient and the second patient do not share any resources, and an adverse reaction in the first patient will not affect the second patient. A resource occupancy coupling degree of 1 indicates that the first patient and the second patient share all resources, and an adverse reaction in the first patient will completely affect the second patient. The higher the resource occupancy coupling degree, the greater the degree of resource sharing between the first and second patients, and the greater the risk of delayed transmission.

[0089] Step S34: Fill the resource occupancy coupling degree into the corresponding position in the resource sharing degree matrix.

[0090] The resource sharing degree matrix is ​​an N×N matrix, where N is the total number of patients within the appointment time slot. The element in the i-th row and j-th column of the resource sharing degree matrix represents the resource usage coupling degree between the i-th patient and the j-th patient. The diagonal elements of the resource sharing degree matrix are all 1, indicating that the resource usage coupling degree between a patient and itself is 1. The resource sharing degree matrix is ​​a symmetric matrix, meaning that the element in the i-th row and j-th column is equal to the element in the j-th row and i-th column.

[0091] It's important to note that the resource sharing matrix characterizes the degree of resource sharing among patients within a given appointment time slot. This matrix allows for the rapid identification of which patients share resources and the extent of that sharing. When a patient experiences an adverse reaction, the resource sharing matrix can quickly determine the path of the delay and identify the range of patients potentially affected. Patient pairs with higher resource-occupancy coupling have a higher risk of delay propagation and require close attention in the calculation of the delay propagation boundary.

[0092] Preferably, steps S31 to S34 comprehensively assess the degree of resource sharing among patients through multi-resource type coupling solution. Compared with methods that only consider a single resource type, this approach can more comprehensively identify resource dependencies among patients. By assigning different allocation parameters to different resource types, the varying degrees of impact of resource type locking on delay propagation are reflected, thus improving the accuracy of resource occupancy coupling degree calculation.

[0093] Obtain the resource saturation level for the target time period and adjust the time buffer accordingly. Resource saturation level represents the ratio of resource usage to resource capacity within the target time period, used to assess the resource scarcity level during that period.

[0094] Step S3 further includes steps A1 to A5: Step A1: Obtain the lock duration of infusion resource suspension corresponding to the type of chemotherapy drug.

[0095] The duration of the infusion resource suspension lockout is defined as the duration during which the infusion seat, infusion pump equipment, and responsible nurse are simultaneously locked out after an adverse reaction occurs, preventing them from serving subsequent patients. The infusion resource suspension lockout duration reflects the complete impact of the adverse reaction on resource utilization.

[0096] The duration of intravenous fluid refill suspension varies depending on the type of chemotherapy drug. For highly emetogenic chemotherapy drugs, if a patient experiences vomiting, the suspension period is typically 15 to 20 minutes. For chemotherapy drugs with a high risk of allergic reactions, if a patient experiences an allergic reaction, the suspension period is typically 50 to 90 minutes.

[0097] For example, if a patient is receiving chemotherapy with paclitaxel, a chemotherapy drug with a high risk of allergic reactions, and the patient experiences an allergic reaction, the nurse needs to immediately stop the infusion, administer anti-allergy medication, monitor the patient's vital signs, and continuously observe whether the patient's allergy symptoms subside. During this time, the infusion seat is occupied by the patient, the infusion pump is locked, and the responsible nurse cannot provide nursing care to other patients. The infusion resource suspension and locking period is 50 to 90 minutes.

[0098] Step A2: When the resource saturation of the time period is greater than the saturation threshold and the target time period is during the nurse shift change period, the time buffer amount and the time of suspension of infusion resource locking are combined to calculate the resource occupation time and reduce the new patient appointment acceptance rate.

[0099] The time slot resource saturation is calculated as the ratio of the number of patients who have made appointments within the target time slot to the resource capacity. Resource capacity is determined based on the number of infusion seats, nurses, and medication dispensing windows. For example, if the target time slot is from 9:00 AM to 12:00 PM, there are 20 infusion seats, 5 nurses, and each nurse can care for 4 patients simultaneously, then the resource capacity is 20 patients. If there are 18 patients who have made appointments within the target time slot, then the time slot resource saturation is 18 / 20 = 0.9.

[0100] The saturation threshold is determined based on historical operational data and resource utilization statistics of the day chemotherapy center, and is typically 0.85. When the resource saturation level for a given period exceeds the saturation threshold, it indicates that the resources for that period are nearing saturation and that resource scarcity is high.

[0101] Nursing shift changes typically occur between 12:00 PM and 1:00 PM or between 5:00 PM and 6:00 PM. During these shift changes, the number of nurses on duty decreases, reducing nursing service capacity. If a target time period falls during a shift change and resource saturation exceeds a critical threshold, it indicates extremely high resource scarcity and a significant risk of delayed transmission.

[0102] The resource occupancy duration calculation adds the time buffer to the infusion resource suspension lockout duration to obtain the adjusted time buffer. For example, if the time buffer is 20 minutes and the infusion resource suspension lockout duration is 60 minutes, then the adjusted time buffer is 80 minutes.

[0103] Reducing the new patient appointment acceptance rate means decreasing the number of new patient appointments that can be accepted during a target time slot. For example, if the target time slot could originally accommodate 20 patient appointments, reducing the new patient appointment acceptance rate would reduce the number of patient appointments that can be accepted during that time slot to only 15. Reducing the new patient appointment acceptance rate can alleviate resource strain during the target time slot and reduce the risk of delayed transmission.

[0104] It should be noted that traditional methods only assess delay absorption capacity based on time buffer capacity, without considering the impact of resource lockout after an adverse reaction occurs. When a patient experiences an adverse reaction, the infusion seat, infusion pump equipment, and responsible nurse are simultaneously locked out, preventing them from serving subsequent patients. The duration of resource lockout during infusion interruption reflects the duration of resource lockout. Combining the time buffer capacity and the resource lockout duration during infusion interruption into a single resource occupancy calculation allows for a more accurate assessment of the complete impact of adverse reactions on resource occupancy, improving the accuracy of delay propagation boundary calculations.

[0105] Step A3: When the resource saturation level is less than the saturation threshold, the time buffer amount and the time for locking the infusion resource during the suspension period are combined to calculate the resource occupation time.

[0106] When the resource saturation level during a given period is less than the critical saturation value, it indicates that the resources for the target period are not yet saturated and the resource shortage is relatively low. In this case, the time buffer amount is calculated by combining the time buffer amount with the resource occupancy time of the pause infusion resource lockout, resulting in the adjusted time buffer amount.

[0107] Understandably, when the resource saturation level during a given time period is below the saturation threshold, there is no need to reduce the new patient appointment acceptance rate. This is because the resources for the target time period are not yet saturated and there is still room to accept new patient appointments. The need for calculating the delay propagation boundary can be met simply by combining the time buffer amount with the resource occupancy duration of the infusion suspension lockout.

[0108] Step A4: When the target time period is during the peak load period of the dispensing center, add the dispensing delay compensation time to the resource occupation duration combined calculation result.

[0109] The peak load period for the medication preparation center refers to the time when the center is most busy, typically from 9:00 AM to 10:00 AM. During this period, multiple patients arrive simultaneously, requiring the center to prepare chemotherapy medication for them at the same time. Due to the limited number of biosafety cabinets available, long queues and extended preparation times occur.

[0110] The medication dispensing delay compensation time is determined based on historical medication dispensing data from the dispensing center. The average medication dispensing delay time is calculated by analyzing the medication queuing time during peak load periods. For example, if the average medication dispensing delay time during peak load periods is 15 minutes, then the medication dispensing delay compensation time is set at 15 minutes.

[0111] The final adjusted time buffer is obtained by adding medication delay compensation time to the combined calculation result of resource occupation time. For example, if the combined calculation result of resource occupation time is 80 minutes and the medication delay compensation time is 15 minutes, then the final adjusted time buffer is 95 minutes.

[0112] It should be noted that medication refill delays are a common problem in chemotherapy infusion appointment management. During peak load periods at the refill center, queuing for refills causes patients to wait idly in the infusion area, affecting the smooth progress of the infusion process. If medication refill delays are not considered, the determination of the time buffer will be inaccurate, leading to deviations in the calculation of the delay propagation boundary. By adding a medication refill delay compensation time to the combined solution of resource occupancy time, medication refill delays can be included in the consideration of the time buffer, improving the accuracy of the time buffer determination.

[0113] Step A5: Obtain the adjusted time buffer amount.

[0114] Through steps A1 to A4, the time buffer is adjusted based on factors such as resource saturation during the time period, nurse shift change times, and peak load times at the medication dispensing center, resulting in an adjusted time buffer. The adjusted time buffer comprehensively considers the full impact of adverse reactions on resource utilization, the resource scarcity during the target time period, the decline in nursing service capacity during nurse shift change times, and medication dispensing delays during peak load times at the medication dispensing center, thus more accurately reflecting the delay absorption capacity during the target time period.

[0115] Preferably, steps A1 to A5 combine the time buffer with the time limit for suspending infusion resources through resource occupancy duration calculation. Compared to methods that only consider the time buffer, this approach provides a more comprehensive assessment of the complete impact of adverse reactions on resource occupancy. By identifying special time periods such as nurse shift changes and peak load periods in the medication preparation center, and adjusting the time buffer accordingly, the accuracy of time buffer determination is improved.

[0116] The resource sharing matrix and adjusted time buffer constructed using the above method provide crucial data support for calculating the delay propagation boundary. The resource sharing matrix characterizes the degree of resource sharing among patients within the appointment time slot, used to identify delay propagation paths. The adjusted time buffer comprehensively considers the full impact of adverse reactions on resource consumption and the specific circumstances of the target time slot, used to assess delay absorption capacity. The combination of these two methods enables accurate assessment of the delay propagation boundary based on the actual resource dependencies among patients and the actual resource situation of the target time slot, resolving the inaccuracy in delay propagation boundary calculations caused by traditional methods that do not consider resource sharing levels and specific time slot circumstances.

[0117] S4: Based on the delay propagation boundary calculation, the patient infusion appointment request is matched with the time period. The delay propagation boundary calculation determines the cutoff boundary of delay propagation by recursively calculating the consumption rate of the time buffer and combining it with the resource sharing degree matrix, and generates an appointment time period allocation scheme.

[0118] # Instruction manual contents (Step S4) ## Step S4: Based on the delay propagation boundary calculation, perform time slot matching on patient infusion appointment requests to generate an appointment time slot allocation scheme. In the management of daytime chemotherapy infusion appointments, delays caused by adverse reactions can propagate along the patient queue, affecting the infusion times of subsequent patients. Traditional methods, which use fixed delay propagation ranges or simple linear propagation models, cannot accurately identify the cutoff boundary of delay propagation, leading to over-adjustment or under-adjustment. This step matches patient infusion appointment requests to time slots through delay propagation boundary calculation. The delay propagation boundary calculation determines the cutoff boundary of delay propagation by recursively calculating the consumption rate of time buffer space and combining it with a resource sharing degree matrix, generating an appointment time slot allocation scheme to achieve accurate identification of the scope of delay impact.

[0119] Step S4 includes steps S41 to S47: Step S41: When an adverse reaction is detected in a patient during the execution of the appointment time allocation plan, the patient is identified as the source of the delay, and the adverse reaction type is determined based on the nurse's real-time assessment of the source of the delay.

[0120] Among them, patients whose infusion was delayed due to adverse reactions are referred to as "delayed patients." The adverse reaction type determination result refers to the nurse's assessment, based on the patient's clinical manifestations, whether the adverse reaction is vomiting-type or allergic-type. The clinical manifestations of vomiting-type adverse reactions include gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and abdominal discomfort. The clinical manifestations of allergic-type adverse reactions include abnormal immune system reactions such as rash, itching, dyspnea, and decreased blood pressure.

[0121] When nurses perform real-time assessments on patients with delayed symptoms, they observe the patient's clinical presentation, inquire about the patient's subjective feelings, and measure the patient's vital signs. Based on the clinical presentation and changes in vital signs, the type of adverse reaction is determined. For example, if a patient experiences nausea and vomiting but their vital signs are stable, the nurse determines the adverse reaction type to be vomiting. If a patient experiences rash, difficulty breathing, and a drop in blood pressure, the nurse determines the adverse reaction type to be allergic.

[0122] Understandably, the determination of the adverse reaction type directly affects the assessment of the delay duration. Vomiting-related adverse reactions have a shorter treatment time, resulting in a relatively smaller delay. Allergic adverse reactions have a longer treatment time, and require additional safety observation waiting periods, leading to a relatively larger delay. Accurately identifying the adverse reaction type provides a reliable basis for determining the delay duration.

[0123] Step S42: When the adverse reaction type is determined to be vomiting, obtain the duration of vomiting treatment, and combine it with the nurse's response time and the puncture delay time of the patient at the source of the delay to determine the delay duration of the patient at the source of the delay.

[0124] The duration of vomiting management refers to the time required for nurses to manage adverse reactions such as vomiting, including the total time spent on procedures such as pausing the infusion, assisting the patient in handling vomit, cleaning the patient and surrounding environment, administering antiemetics, and assessing whether the patient can continue the infusion. According to clinical nursing practice guidelines and historical data on vomiting management, the duration of vomiting management is typically 15 to 25 minutes.

[0125] Nurse response time is the time it takes for a nurse to arrive at a patient's side and begin treatment after receiving a patient's call. Nurse response time is affected by factors such as the number of patients the nurse is currently responsible for, the spatial distance between the nurse and the patient, and whether the nurse is treating other patients. According to historical operational data from day chemotherapy centers, nurse response time is typically 1 to 5 minutes.

[0126] The puncture delay time is the additional time added due to puncture difficulties caused by poor vascular conditions in the patient. The puncture delay time is determined based on the patient's vascular condition assessment level and their historical puncture success rate. Vascular condition assessment levels are divided into three grades: excellent, fair, and poor. Patients in the excellent grade have clearly visible and elastic vessels, and the puncture delay time is usually 0 minutes. Patients in the fair grade have thinner or less elastic vessels, and the puncture delay time is usually 5 to 10 minutes. Patients in the poor grade have vascular sclerosis or deteriorated vascular conditions after multiple chemotherapy sessions, and the puncture delay time is usually 15 to 30 minutes.

[0127] The delay duration for patients at the source of the delay is calculated by adding the duration of the vomiting-related treatment, the nurse's response time, and the puncture delay time. For example, if the duration of the vomiting-related treatment is 20 minutes, the nurse's response time is 3 minutes, and the puncture delay time is 10 minutes, then the delay duration for patients at the source of the delay is 33 minutes.

[0128] It should be noted that the delay duration includes not only the time spent handling adverse reactions, but also nurse response time and puncture delay time. Nurse response time reflects the time lost from receiving a call to initiating treatment, while puncture delay time reflects the additional time lost due to poor patient vascular conditions. Adding all three together provides a more accurate reflection of the overall impact of the delay on the infusion process.

[0129] Step S43: When the adverse reaction type is determined to be allergic, obtain the allergic treatment time, combine the nurse's response time and the puncture delay time of the patient at the source of the delay to determine the delay time of the patient at the source of the delay, and add the waiting time for safety observation of the subsequent infusion of allergy to the delay time to obtain the extended delay time.

[0130] The allergy management time refers to the total time required for nurses to manage allergic adverse reactions, including the time spent immediately stopping the infusion, administering anti-allergy medication, monitoring the patient's vital signs, and calling a doctor for emergency treatment if necessary. Based on clinical nursing practice guidelines and historical allergy management data, the allergy management time is typically 20 to 30 minutes.

[0131] The waiting time for safety observation after an allergic reaction is the duration required for nurses to continuously observe whether the patient's allergic symptoms have completely subsided and to assess whether it is safe to resume intravenous infusion after the emergency allergic treatment has been completed. According to clinical nursing practice guidelines, the waiting time for safety observation after an allergic reaction is usually 30 to 60 minutes.

[0132] The delay duration for patients with delayed anaphylaxis is calculated by adding the allergy treatment time, nurse response time, and puncture delay time. The extended delay duration is calculated by adding the waiting time for subsequent infusion safety observation to the total delay duration. For example, if the allergy treatment time is 25 minutes, the nurse response time is 3 minutes, the puncture delay time is 10 minutes, and the subsequent infusion safety observation waiting time is 45 minutes, then the total delay duration is 38 minutes, and the extended delay duration is 83 minutes.

[0133] It should be noted that the delays caused by allergic adverse reactions have a far greater impact than those caused by vomiting. Allergic adverse reactions not only require emergency treatment but also prolonged safety observation. Infusion can only be resumed after the nurse confirms that the patient's allergic symptoms have completely subsided and vital signs are stable. Therefore, the delay duration for allergic adverse reactions needs to be added to the waiting time for subsequent infusion safety observation to obtain an extended delay duration, which accurately reflects the overall delay impact of allergic adverse reactions on the infusion process.

[0134] Step S44: Based on the time slot arrangement in the appointment time slot allocation scheme, determine the next patient adjacent to the delayed patient as the next patient, and map the delayed duration or extended delayed duration to the adjusted time buffer corresponding to the next patient.

[0135] The time slot arrangement order refers to the order in which patients are arranged from morning to evening according to the start time of their scheduled time slots in the appointment time slot allocation scheme. Adjacent subsequent patients refer to patients immediately following the patient who caused the delay in the time slot arrangement order. The next patient is the adjacent subsequent patient.

[0136] The containment mapping involves comparing the duration of the delay or the extended delay with an adjusted time buffer to determine if the adjusted time buffer can completely absorb the delay or the extended delay. If the duration of the delay or the extended delay is less than or equal to the adjusted time buffer, it means the adjusted time buffer can completely absorb the delay, and the delay will not propagate to the next patient. If the duration of the delay or the extended delay is greater than the adjusted time buffer, it means the adjusted time buffer cannot completely absorb the delay, and the delay will propagate to the next patient.

[0137] For example, if the delay duration for the initial patient is 33 minutes, the adjusted time buffer for the next patient is 25 minutes. Mapping 33 minutes to 25 minutes reveals that 33 minutes is greater than 25 minutes, indicating that the adjusted time buffer cannot fully absorb the delay, and the delay will propagate to the next patient.

[0138] Step S45: When the delay duration or extended delay duration exceeds the adjusted time buffer, extract the portion of the delay duration or extended delay duration that is not covered by the adjusted time buffer as the residual delay load, and propagate the residual delay load to each subsequent patient in sequence according to the time slot arrangement order determined by the appointment time allocation scheme. Perform natural absorption calculation on the residual delay load based on the arrival time elasticity of each subsequent patient.

[0139] The residual delay load is the portion of the delay duration or extended delay duration that is not covered by the adjusted time buffer. The formula for calculating the residual delay load is: Residual Delay Load = Delay Duration or Extended Delay Duration - Adjusted Time Buffer. For example, if the delay duration is 33 minutes and the adjusted time buffer is 25 minutes, then the residual delay load is 8 minutes.

[0140] The residual delay load is propagated sequentially to subsequent patients, meaning it is passed on to the next patient, and so on, according to the time intervals. During propagation, the adjusted time buffer for each subsequent patient absorbs a portion of the residual delay load, and the remaining residual delay load continues to propagate to the next subsequent patient.

[0141] Arrival time flexibility refers to the difference between the actual arrival time of subsequent patients and the start time of the scheduled time slot. If a subsequent patient arrives early, the arrival time flexibility is positive, indicating that the subsequent patient has a time leeway to absorb some of the residual delay load. If a subsequent patient arrives on time, the arrival time flexibility is zero, indicating that the subsequent patient has no time leeway to absorb the residual delay load.

[0142] Natural absorption calculation refers to the elastic absorption of some residual delay load by utilizing the arrival time of subsequent patients. If subsequent patients arrive earlier, the earlier arrival time can absorb some of the residual delay load, reducing the propagation of the residual delay load.

[0143] Furthermore, a natural absorption solution is performed on the residual delay load based on the arrival time elasticity of each subsequent patient, including steps B1 to B3: Step B1: Quantify the arrival time elasticity of each subsequent patient by the arrival advance amount.

[0144] Arrival advance is the difference between the actual arrival time of subsequent patients and the start time of their corresponding appointment time slot in the appointment time slot allocation scheme. The formula for calculating arrival advance is: Arrival advance = Start time of appointment time - Actual arrival time. If the arrival advance is positive, it means that the subsequent patient has arrived early; if the arrival advance is zero, it means that the subsequent patient has arrived on time; if the arrival advance is negative, it means that the subsequent patient has arrived late.

[0145] For example, if a subsequent patient's appointment time starts at 10:00 AM and they actually arrive at 9:50 AM, then the arrival time allowance is 10 minutes. If a subsequent patient's appointment time starts at 11:00 AM and they actually arrive at 11:05 AM, then the arrival time allowance is -5 minutes.

[0146] Understandably, arrival lead reflects the arrival time elasticity of subsequent patients. A larger arrival lead indicates that subsequent patients have more time to arrive early, and thus can absorb more residual delay load. A zero or negative arrival lead indicates that subsequent patients have no time to arrive early and cannot absorb residual delay load.

[0147] Step B2: Perform an accommodation mapping between the arrival lead and the residual delay load, and extract the portion of the residual delay load covered by the arrival lead as the natural absorption amount.

[0148] The accommodation mapping refers to comparing the arrival lead with the residual delay load to determine how much of the residual delay load the arrival lead can absorb. If the arrival lead is greater than or equal to the residual delay load, it means the arrival lead can completely absorb the residual delay load, and the natural absorption amount equals the residual delay load. If the arrival lead is less than the residual delay load, it means the arrival lead can only partially absorb the residual delay load, and the natural absorption amount equals the arrival lead.

[0149] For example, the residual delay load is 8 minutes, and the arrival advance of subsequent patients is 10 minutes. By performing an accommodation mapping between 10 minutes and 8 minutes, we find that 10 minutes is greater than 8 minutes, indicating that the arrival advance can completely absorb the residual delay load, with a natural absorption of 8 minutes.

[0150] Step B3: The remaining portion of the residual delay load after removing the natural absorption is taken as the residual delay load to be propagated.

[0151] The formula for calculating the residual delay load to be propagated is: Residual delay load to be propagated = Residual delay load - Natural absorption. For example, if the residual delay load is 8 minutes and the natural absorption is 8 minutes, then the residual delay load to be propagated is 0 minutes, indicating that the residual delay load has been completely absorbed and the delay propagation has terminated.

[0152] If the residual delay load is 15 minutes, the arrival advance of subsequent patients is 5 minutes, and the natural absorption is 5 minutes, then the residual delay load to be transmitted is 10 minutes, indicating that the residual delay load has not been completely absorbed and needs to continue to be transmitted to the next subsequent patient.

[0153] It's important to note that the natural absorption solution utilizes the arrival time elasticity of subsequent patients, using the time of early arrival to absorb residual delay loads. This natural absorption mechanism reduces the propagation of residual delay loads and narrows the scope of delay impact. Traditional methods do not consider patient arrival time elasticity and simply propagate all residual delay loads to subsequent patients, leading to an overestimation of the delay impact. The natural absorption solution allows for a more accurate assessment of the actual propagation of residual delay loads, improving the accuracy of delay propagation boundary calculations.

[0154] Step S46: Repeat the containment mapping and residual delay load propagation until the residual delay load does not exceed the adjusted time buffer between the current patient and its successor patients, and obtain the delay consumption rate distribution result corresponding to the time buffer.

[0155] Among them, repeated execution of containment mapping and residual delay load propagation refers to performing containment mapping and natural absorption calculation on each subsequent patient in the order of time periods until the residual delay load is completely absorbed or propagated to the last patient.

[0156] If the residual delay load does not exceed the adjusted time buffer between the current patient and its successor, it means that the adjusted time buffer between the current patient and its successor can completely absorb the residual delay load, and delay propagation terminates. At this point, the current patient is the cutoff boundary for delay propagation.

[0157] The delay consumption rate distribution results indicate the consumption of residual delay load at each subsequent patient. The results record the amount of residual delay load absorbed by each subsequent patient, the amount naturally absorbed, and the amount of residual delay load propagating to the next subsequent patient. The delay consumption rate distribution results clearly show the stepwise attenuation of residual delay load during propagation.

[0158] For example, if the delay duration of the source patient is 50 minutes, the adjusted time buffer for the next patient is 20 minutes, and the residual delay load is 30 minutes. The arrival advance of the next patient is 5 minutes, the natural absorption is 5 minutes, and the residual delay load to be transmitted is 25 minutes. The adjusted time buffer for the next patient after that is 15 minutes, and the residual delay load is 10 minutes. The arrival advance of the next patient after that is 8 minutes, the natural absorption is 8 minutes, and the residual delay load to be transmitted is 2 minutes. The adjusted time buffer for the next patient after that is 10 minutes, the residual delay load is 0 minutes, and the delay transmission terminates. The delay consumption rate distribution is as follows: the next patient absorbs 20 minutes of buffer and 5 minutes of natural absorption; the next patient after that absorbs 15 minutes of buffer and 8 minutes of natural absorption; the next patient after that absorbs 2 minutes of buffer; and the delay transmission cutoff boundary is the next patient after that.

[0159] Preferably, steps S41 to S46 recursively calculate the consumption rate of the time buffer, which, compared to a simple linear propagation model, can more accurately simulate the gradual attenuation of residual delay load during propagation. By utilizing the arrival time elasticity of subsequent patients through natural absorption calculation, the amount of residual delay load propagation is reduced, improving the accuracy of delay propagation boundary calculation.

[0160] Step S47: Determine the cutoff boundary for delay propagation by combining the resource sharing degree matrix.

[0161] In the path of delay propagation, based on the time slot arrangement in the appointment time allocation scheme, subsequent patients whose impact from the delay is to be determined are identified as target patients. When the resource sharing degree matrix detects that the resource occupancy coupling degree between the target patient and the delay source patient is zero, the target patient is identified as the cutoff boundary for delay propagation.

[0162] In this context, a resource occupancy coupling degree of zero indicates that the target patient and the delay source patient do not share any resources. The target patient uses a separate infusion seat, assigned nurse, medication dispensing window, and infusion pump equipment. Adverse reactions in the delay source patient do not consume resources from the target patient, therefore the delay will not spread to the target patient.

[0163] For example, the patient at the source of the delay uses infusion seat #3, nurse A, medication dispensing window 1, and infusion pump 1. The target patient uses infusion seat #5, nurse B, medication dispensing window 2, and infusion pump 2. The resource sharing degree matrix shows a resource occupancy coupling degree of 0 between the target patient and the patient at the source of the delay, indicating that they do not share any resources. Therefore, the target patient is identified as the cutoff boundary for the propagation of the delay.

[0164] When it is detected that the target patient is using an independent infusion channel and the medication preparation time window of the target patient does not overlap with the medication preparation time window of the patient causing the delay, the target patient is identified as a patient to be isolated in parallel and the spread of the delay is blocked.

[0165] Specifically, an independent infusion channel means that the infusion seat, responsible nurse, and infusion pump equipment used by the target patient are completely independent from those used by the patient at the source of the delay, with no resource sharing. No overlapping medication preparation time windows mean that the medication preparation time windows of the target patient and the patient at the source of the delay do not overlap in time.

[0166] For example, the medication dispensing time window for the source patient is 8:30 AM to 8:45 AM, and the medication dispensing time window for the target patient is 9:30 AM to 9:45 AM. The two medication dispensing time windows do not overlap, meaning there is no overlap. If the target patient is also using a separate infusion channel, then the target patient is identified as a parallel isolation patient, and the delay will not spread to the target patient.

[0167] It's important to note that traditional methods determine the scope of delay propagation solely based on chronological order, neglecting resource-sharing relationships between patients. When a patient uses independent resources, the delay shouldn't propagate to them, yet traditional methods still include them in the delay's impact range, leading to an overestimation of the impact. By combining a resource-sharing matrix to determine the cutoff boundary for delay propagation, we can identify patients with independent resources, accurately block delay propagation, and avoid over-adjustment.

[0168] Preferably, step S47 identifies resource-independent patients through a resource-sharing degree matrix. Compared to methods that determine the scope of delay propagation solely based on time sequence, this approach more accurately identifies the cutoff boundary for delay propagation. By identifying and isolating patients in parallel, delay propagation is precisely blocked, unnecessary appointment adjustments are reduced, and the accuracy of delay propagation boundary calculation is improved.

[0169] After generating the reservation time slot allocation plan, steps S48 to S410 are also included: Step S48: Based on the number of nurses in charge of the chemotherapy infusion room and the nursing operation standards, determine the critical values ​​for simultaneous emergency treatment and simultaneous antiemetic care.

[0170] The simultaneous emergency treatment threshold refers to the maximum number of patients with allergic adverse reactions that a chemotherapy infusion room can treat simultaneously within the same time period. This threshold is determined based on the number of responsible nurses and nursing practice guidelines. Allergic adverse reactions require nurses to concentrate on emergency treatment; one nurse can only treat one patient with an allergic adverse reaction at a time. Therefore, the simultaneous emergency treatment threshold is equal to the number of responsible nurses. For example, if there are 5 responsible nurses in the chemotherapy infusion room, the simultaneous emergency treatment threshold is 5.

[0171] Simultaneous antiemetic care threshold refers to the maximum number of patients with vomiting-related adverse reactions who can receive antiemetic care simultaneously in a chemotherapy infusion room within the same time period. The threshold is determined based on the number of responsible nurses and nursing practice guidelines. The nursing intensity for vomiting-related adverse reactions is lower than that for allergic adverse reactions, and one nurse can care for multiple patients with vomiting-related adverse reactions simultaneously. According to nursing practice guidelines, one nurse can care for 2 to 3 patients with vomiting-related adverse reactions simultaneously. Therefore, the simultaneous antiemetic care threshold is 2 to 3 times the number of responsible nurses. For example, if there are 5 responsible nurses in the chemotherapy infusion room, the simultaneous antiemetic care threshold is 10 to 15.

[0172] Step S49: Divide the target time period into multiple time segments, and calculate the concentration of patients in the high-risk allergy zone and the high-risk vomiting zone in each time segment to obtain the time-segment concentration distribution of high-risk patients.

[0173] Among them, time period segments refer to time segments that divide the target time period into fixed durations. For example, if the target time period is from 8:00 AM to 12:00 PM, the target time period can be divided into 4 time period segments of 1 hour each: 8:00 AM to 9:00 AM, 9:00 AM to 10:00 AM, 10:00 AM to 11:00 AM, and 11:00 AM to 12:00 PM.

[0174] Patients in the high-risk allergy zone refer to those whose probability of experiencing allergic adverse reactions falls within the high-risk allergy zone. Patients in the high-risk vomiting zone refer to those whose probability of experiencing vomiting adverse reactions falls within the high-risk vomiting zone.

[0175] The number of patients in the high-risk allergy zone and the high-risk vomiting zone in each time period was counted to obtain the time period concentration distribution of high-risk patients. For example, there were 3 patients in the high-risk allergy zone and 5 patients in the high-risk vomiting zone in the 8:00 to 9:00 time period; 6 patients in the high-risk allergy zone and 8 patients in the high-risk vomiting zone in the 9:00 to 10:00 time period; 2 patients in the high-risk allergy zone and 4 patients in the high-risk vomiting zone in the 10:00 to 11:00 time period; and 1 patient in the high-risk allergy zone and 3 patients in the high-risk vomiting zone in the 11:00 to 12:00 time period.

[0176] Step S410: When the number of patients in the high-risk patient time period concentration distribution exceeds the threshold for simultaneous emergency treatment or the number of patients in the high-risk vomiting time period exceeds the threshold for simultaneous antiemetic care in a single time period segment, the time period allocation of patients in the high-risk allergy time period or the high-risk vomiting time period in the appointment time period allocation scheme shall be decentralized and rearranged so that the number of patients in each type of high-risk time period segment in adjacent time periods meets the corresponding threshold constraint.

[0177] Decentralized rearrangement refers to dispersing high-risk patients concentrated in a certain time period to adjacent time periods, thereby reducing the concentration of high-risk patients in a single time period. The principle of decentralized rearrangement is to prioritize adjusting patients with lower priority and higher time flexibility.

[0178] For example, if there are 6 patients in the high-risk allergy zone during the 9:00-10:00 time slot, exceeding the simultaneous emergency treatment threshold of 5, then a decentralized rearrangement is performed on these high-risk allergy patients. One patient with lower priority and higher time flexibility is moved to the 10:00-11:00 time slot. After the decentralized rearrangement, there are 5 patients in the high-risk allergy zone during the 9:00-10:00 time slot and 3 patients in the 10:00-11:00 time slot, both meeting the simultaneous emergency treatment threshold constraint.

[0179] The output is a decentralized reordered appointment time allocation scheme. In the decentralized reordered appointment time allocation scheme, the number of high-risk patients in each time slot meets the corresponding threshold constraint, which reduces the risk of multiple high-risk patients experiencing adverse reactions simultaneously in the same time slot, and improves the nursing service capacity and emergency response capacity of the chemotherapy infusion room.

[0180] It should be noted that traditional methods do not consider the time-concentration of high-risk patients, which may lead to multiple high-risk patients occurring in the same time period. When multiple high-risk patients experience adverse reactions simultaneously, the nursing service capacity and emergency response capacity of the chemotherapy infusion room are insufficient, making it impossible to treat all patients with adverse reactions at the same time, resulting in decreased nursing quality or even medical safety accidents. By dispersing and rearranging high-risk patients across different time periods, the risk of multiple high-risk patients experiencing adverse reactions simultaneously within the same time period is reduced, thereby improving the nursing service capacity and emergency response capacity of the chemotherapy infusion room.

[0181] It should be understood that although the steps in the flowcharts of the above embodiments are shown sequentially according to the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and they can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some steps in the flowcharts of the above embodiments may include multiple steps or multiple stages. These steps or stages are not necessarily completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be performed alternately or in turn with other steps or at least some of the steps or stages of other steps.

[0182] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a daytime chemotherapy infusion time slot matching and reservation system. The solution provided by this system is similar to the solution described in the above method. Therefore, the specific limitations of one or more daytime chemotherapy infusion time slot matching and reservation system embodiments provided below can be found in the limitations of the daytime chemotherapy infusion time slot matching and reservation method described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0183] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, a daytime chemotherapy infusion time slot matching and reservation system is provided, including: The appointment acquisition module is used to acquire patients' infusion appointment requests; The risk buffer module is used to calculate the probability of adverse reactions based on the patient's historical adverse reaction records, the patient's physiological characteristic parameters, and the type of chemotherapy drug in the patient's infusion appointment request, and to determine the time buffer amount based on the probability of adverse reactions. The resource adjustment module is used to construct a resource sharing degree matrix and obtain the resource saturation of the target time period. The resource sharing degree matrix represents the degree of resource sharing among patients in the infusion seat, responsible nurse and medication window within the appointment time period. The time buffer is adjusted according to the resource saturation of the time period. The boundary matching module is used to match patient infusion appointment requests to time slots based on delay propagation boundary calculation. The delay propagation boundary calculation determines the cutoff boundary of delay propagation by recursively calculating the consumption rate of the time buffer and combining it with the resource sharing degree matrix, and generates an appointment time slot allocation scheme.

[0184] The modules in the aforementioned daytime chemotherapy infusion time slot matching and reservation system can be implemented entirely or partially through software, hardware, or a combination thereof. These modules can be embedded in or independent of the processor in a computer device, or stored in the computer device's memory as software, so that the processor can call and execute the corresponding operations of each module.

[0185] In one exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided, which may be a terminal, and its internal structure diagram may be as follows: Figure 4As shown, the computer device includes a processor, memory, input / output interface, communication interface, display unit, and input device. The processor, memory, and input / output interface are connected via a system bus, and the communication interface, display unit, and input device are also connected to the system bus via the input / output interface. The processor provides computational and control capabilities. The memory includes non-volatile storage media and internal memory. The non-volatile storage media stores the operating system and computer programs. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs in the non-volatile storage media. The input / output interface is used for exchanging information between the processor and external devices. The communication interface is used for wired or wireless communication with external terminals; wireless communication can be achieved through Wi-Fi, mobile cellular networks, Near Field Communication (NFC), or other technologies. When executed by the processor, the computer program implements a method for matching and scheduling daytime chemotherapy infusion sessions. The display unit is used to form a visually visible image and can be a display screen, projection device, or virtual reality imaging device. The display screen can be an LCD screen or an e-ink screen. The input device of the computer device can be a touch layer covering the display screen, or buttons, trackballs, or touchpads set on the casing of the computer device, or external keyboards, touchpads, or mice, etc.

[0186] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 4 The structure shown is merely a block diagram of a portion of the structure related to the present application and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the present application is applied. Specific computer devices may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0187] In one embodiment, a computer device is also provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps in the above method embodiments.

[0188] In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided having a computer program stored thereon that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the above method embodiments.

[0189] In one embodiment, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the above method embodiments.

[0190] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, data stored, data displayed, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use and processing of the relevant data must comply with relevant regulations.

[0191] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the computer program can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. Any references to memory, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile memory and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can take many forms, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) or Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM). The databases involved in the embodiments provided in this application may include at least one type of relational database and non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include, but are not limited to, blockchain-based distributed databases. The processors involved in the embodiments provided in this application may be general-purpose processors, central processing units, graphics processing units, digital signal processors, programmable logic devices, quantum computing-based data processing logic devices, artificial intelligence (AI) processors, etc., and are not limited to these.

[0192] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this application.

[0193] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for matching and scheduling daytime chemotherapy infusion sessions, characterized in that, include: Obtain the patient's infusion appointment request; The probability of adverse reaction occurrence is calculated based on the patient's historical adverse reaction records, the patient's physiological characteristic parameters, and the type of chemotherapy drug in the patient's infusion appointment request, and the time buffer amount is determined based on the probability of adverse reaction occurrence. Construct a resource sharing degree matrix and obtain the resource saturation of the target time period. The resource sharing degree matrix represents the degree of resource sharing among patients in the appointment time period in terms of infusion seats, responsible nurses, and medication dispensing windows. Adjust the time buffer amount according to the resource saturation of the time period. Based on the delay propagation boundary calculation, the patient's infusion appointment request is matched with the time period. The delay propagation boundary calculation determines the cutoff boundary of delay propagation by recursively calculating the consumption rate of the time buffer and combining it with the resource sharing degree matrix, and generates an appointment time period allocation scheme.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation of the probability of adverse reaction occurrence based on the patient's historical adverse reaction records, patient physiological characteristic parameters, and the type of chemotherapy drug in the patient's infusion appointment request includes: Extract vomiting and allergic reaction records from the patient's historical adverse reaction records; Based on the emetogenic risk level corresponding to the type of chemotherapy drug and the vomiting occurrence record, the probability of vomiting-type adverse reactions is constructed. Based on the allergy-induced risk level corresponding to the type of chemotherapy drug and the record of allergic reactions, the probability of allergic adverse reactions is constructed. The probability of the adverse reaction is obtained by superimposing the probability of the vomiting-type adverse reaction and the probability of the allergic adverse reaction using a dual-channel risk method.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Determining the time buffer based on the probability of adverse reaction occurrence includes: When the probability of vomiting-related adverse reactions falls into the high-risk range of vomiting, the duration of vomiting management after suspending infusion and the duration of feasibility assessment of subsequent infusion after vomiting are obtained. The duration of vomiting management after suspending infusion and the duration of feasibility assessment of subsequent infusion after vomiting are combined and calculated to obtain the vomiting buffer duration. When the probability of the occurrence of the allergic adverse reaction falls into the high-risk range of allergy, the emergency treatment time for allergy after stopping the infusion and the waiting time for safety observation of the subsequent infusion are combined and calculated to obtain the allergic buffer time, which is greater than the vomiting buffer time. The dominant risk is extracted from the vomiting buffer duration and the allergy buffer duration, and the buffer duration corresponding to the dominant risk is used as the time buffer amount. When neither the probability of vomiting-type adverse reaction nor the probability of allergic adverse reaction falls into the corresponding high-risk range, the time buffer amount is determined as the basic buffer duration based on the joint risk quantification value of the probability of vomiting-type adverse reaction and the probability of allergic adverse reaction.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The degree of resource sharing in the resource sharing matrix is ​​determined in the following way: Obtain the types of shared resources between the first patient and the second patient, including infusion seats, responsible nurses, medication dispensing windows, and infusion pump equipment; Based on the degree of impact of each resource type being locked during the infusion interruption period after an adverse reaction occurs, preventing it from serving other patients, a first ratio parameter is assigned to the infusion seat, a second ratio parameter is assigned to the responsible nurse, a third ratio parameter is assigned to the medication dispensing window, and a fourth ratio parameter is assigned to the infusion pump device; wherein the second ratio parameter is determined based on the duration of the infusion interruption resource lockout for the first patient by the responsible nurse during the emergency treatment of the adverse reaction; Based on the first matching parameter, the second matching parameter, the third matching parameter, and the fourth matching parameter, a multi-resource type coupling solution is performed on the occupancy status of each shared resource type between the first patient and the second patient to obtain the resource occupancy coupling degree between the first patient and the second patient, and the resource occupancy coupling degree is filled into the corresponding position of the resource sharing degree matrix.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of adjusting the time buffer amount according to the resource saturation of the time period includes: The duration of the suspension of infusion resources corresponding to the type of chemotherapy drug is obtained. The duration of the suspension of infusion resources is the duration during which the infusion seat, infusion pump equipment and responsible nurse are simultaneously locked after an adverse reaction occurs and cannot serve subsequent patients. When the resource saturation of the time period is greater than the saturation threshold and the target time period is during the nurse shift change period, the time buffer amount and the time period for locking the infusion resource are combined to calculate the resource occupation time and reduce the new patient appointment acceptance rate. When the resource saturation of the time period is less than the saturation threshold, the time buffer amount and the time of suspension of infusion resource lockout are combined to calculate the resource occupation time. When the target time period is during the peak load period of the dispensing center, the dispensing delay compensation time is added to the combined solution of the resource occupation time. The adjusted time buffer size is obtained.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The recursive calculation of the consumption rate of the time buffer includes: When an adverse reaction is detected in a patient during the execution of the appointment time allocation scheme, the patient is identified as the source of the delay, and the adverse reaction type is determined based on the real-time assessment performed by the nurse on the source of the delay. When the adverse reaction type is determined to be vomiting, the duration of vomiting treatment is obtained, and the delay duration of the patient at the source of the delay is determined by combining the nurse's response time and the puncture delay time of the patient at the source of the delay. When the adverse reaction type is determined to be allergic, the allergic treatment time is obtained. Combined with the nurse's response time and the puncture delay time of the patient at the source of the delay, the delay time of the patient at the source of the delay is determined. The extended delay time is obtained by adding the waiting time for safety observation of the subsequent infusion of the allergic reaction to the delay time. Based on the time slot arrangement order in the appointment time slot allocation scheme, the next patient adjacent to the delayed patient is determined as the next patient, and the delay duration or the extended delay duration is mapped to the adjusted time buffer corresponding to the next patient. When the delay duration or the extended delay duration exceeds the adjusted time buffer, the portion of the delay duration or the extended delay duration not covered by the adjusted time buffer is extracted as a residual delay load. The residual delay load is then propagated sequentially to each subsequent patient determined according to the time slot arrangement order of the appointment time slot allocation scheme. The residual delay load is then subjected to natural absorption calculation based on the arrival time elasticity of each subsequent patient. Repeat the containment mapping and residual delay load propagation until the residual delay load does not exceed the adjusted time buffer between the current patient and its successor patient, and obtain the delay consumption rate distribution result corresponding to the time buffer.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The step of performing a natural absorption calculation on the residual delay load based on the arrival time elasticity of each of the subsequent patients includes: The arrival time flexibility of each subsequent patient is quantified by the arrival advance amount, which is the difference between the actual arrival time of the subsequent patient and the start time of the corresponding appointment time of the subsequent patient in the appointment time allocation scheme. The arrival advance is mapped to the residual delay load, and the portion of the residual delay load covered by the arrival advance is extracted as the natural absorption amount. The remaining portion of the residual delay load after removing the natural absorption is taken as the residual delay load to be propagated, thus obtaining the natural absorption and the residual delay load to be propagated.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the cutoff boundary for delay propagation by combining the resource sharing degree matrix includes: In the path of delay transmission, according to the time slot arrangement order in the appointment time slot allocation scheme, the subsequent patients who need to be determined whether they are affected by the delay are identified as target patients; When the resource sharing degree matrix detects that the resource occupancy coupling degree between the target patient and the delay source patient is zero, the target patient is determined as the cutoff boundary for delay propagation. When it is detected that the target patient is using an independent infusion channel and the medication preparation time window of the target patient does not overlap with the medication preparation time window of the delay source patient, the target patient is identified as a patient to be isolated in parallel and the spread of delay is blocked.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After generating the reservation time slot allocation scheme, the method further includes: Based on the number of nurses in charge in the chemotherapy infusion room and the nursing operation standards, the critical values ​​for simultaneous emergency treatment and simultaneous antiemetic nursing were determined. The target time period is divided into multiple time segments, and the concentration of patients in the high-risk allergy interval and the high-risk vomiting interval in each time segment is statistically analyzed to obtain the time segment concentration distribution of high-risk patients. When the number of patients in the high-risk patient time period concentration distribution exceeds the simultaneous emergency treatment threshold or the number of patients in the vomiting high-risk patient time period exceeds the simultaneous anti-vomiting care threshold in a single time period segment, the time period allocation of the patients in the high-risk allergy or vomiting high-risk patient time period in the appointment time period allocation scheme is decentralized and rearranged so that the number of patients in each type of high-risk patient time period in adjacent time periods meets the corresponding threshold constraint. Output the reservation time slot allocation scheme after the decentralized rearrangement is executed.

10. A daytime chemotherapy infusion time slot matching and reservation system, employing the daytime chemotherapy infusion time slot matching and reservation method as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, include: The appointment acquisition module is used to acquire patients' infusion appointment requests; The risk buffer module is used to calculate the probability of adverse reactions based on the patient's historical adverse reaction records, the patient's physiological characteristic parameters, and the type of chemotherapy drug in the patient's infusion appointment request, and to determine the time buffer amount based on the probability of adverse reactions. The resource correction module is used to construct a resource sharing degree matrix and obtain the resource saturation of the target time period. The resource sharing degree matrix represents the degree of resource sharing among patients in the infusion seat, responsible nurse and medication window within the appointment time period. The time buffer amount is adjusted according to the resource saturation of the time period. The boundary matching module is used to match the patient's infusion appointment request with the time period based on the delay propagation boundary calculation. The delay propagation boundary calculation determines the cutoff boundary of delay propagation by recursively calculating the consumption rate of the time buffer and combining it with the resource sharing degree matrix, and generates an appointment time period allocation scheme.

Images