A method, system, storage medium and software product for assessing the risk of high-temperature wear and tear of a tire tread

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of tire material performance prediction technology, and more particularly to a method, system, storage medium, and software product for assessing the risk of high-temperature wear degradation of tire tread rubber. The method operates at a reference temperature T... ref With high temperature T high The friction coefficient-slip ratio curve μ(s,T) is obtained, and the high-slip friction retention rate and relative retention rate are calculated at the low-slip point s1 and the high-slip point s2. Simultaneously, pre-notch fatigue crack propagation tests are performed at both temperatures to obtain the crack growth rate da / dN at the reference tear energy G0 and calculate the temperature sensitivity coefficient. Furthermore, a coupled index is constructed to output green / yellow / red graded early warnings and attribution conclusions, enabling proactive identification of wear amplification and tearing risks under high temperature and high slip conditions, thus improving the reliability of formulation screening and mass production change verification.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tire material performance prediction technology, and in particular to a method, system, storage medium and software product for assessing the risk of high-temperature wear and degradation of tire tread rubber. Background Technology

[0002] Tire tread wear and tear failure are key factors determining tire lifespan and safety. In recent years, new energy vehicles (especially high-torque electric drive models) have exhibited typical operating conditions in congested urban traffic: low speed, frequent acceleration and deceleration, increased traction / braking slip, and significant tread temperature rise. This makes the tread rubber more susceptible to contact with higher temperatures and slip ratios. Under these conditions, the tread rubber not only needs to maintain adhesion in the low-slip range but also needs to maintain a stable frictional response in the high-slip range to avoid increased risks of adhesion, thermal softening, amplified wear, and the propagation of surface microcracks into macroscopic tears due to frictional attenuation. Especially when a higher proportion of tackifying resin systems such as terpene resins, DCPD resins, petroleum resins, or indene resins is introduced to improve grip, the viscoelastic response of the material under high-temperature, high-slip conditions becomes more sensitive. This can lead to good grip under low slip but a significant decrease in friction under high slip, resulting in an abnormally high wear rate and accelerated propagation of surface cracks under thermo-mechanical coupling, creating potential early failure hazards.

[0003] Current evaluations of tire tread rubber abrasion and friction performance typically rely primarily on indoor abrasion / friction tests, supplemented by limited road or whole-tire durability verification. Commonly used laboratory equipment includes LAT100 and RTMS, which evaluate the friction and abrasion of rubber samples under specific temperature conditions by setting parameters such as normal load, speed, and slip ratio / slip difference. Among these, LAT100-type equipment allows for independent setting of parameters such as speed, load, and slip angle / slip, used to measure traction force, lateral force, friction, and abrasion, and is used for interfacing with relevant standard methods (such as the rubber abrasion test framework covered in ISO 23233:2009). However, the aforementioned general tests often face two prominent problems in engineering applications: First, the evaluation indicators are often focused on the amount of friction or wear at a single temperature or a single slip point / slip range, making it difficult to characterize the key characteristic of high slip friction retention caused by temperature changes, which is more relevant to congestion, rapid acceleration / braking conditions; Second, wear evaluation and tear resistance / crack propagation evaluation are often conducted separately, lacking a coupled risk barrier that can be directly used for formula screening and mass production change management, making it difficult to identify in advance those formulas that are not easily exposed in short-term road tests, but will show a simultaneous amplification of wear attenuation and tear risk under long-term heat accumulation and high slip action.

[0004] Regarding wear characterization and prediction, existing technologies have proposed incorporating temperature and friction energy variables into wear models or characterization systems. For example, existing technology CN109596445A discloses a method for characterizing rubber wear amount by including temperature and friction energy variables. The idea is to obtain variables such as friction energy through wear tests and related calculations, and establish the relationship between wear amount and temperature / friction energy to estimate the tread wear condition under different working conditions, thus providing a basis for tire structure design or wear prediction. The advantage of this type of method is that it establishes a mapping relationship between wear and heat / energy factors, facilitating wear trend prediction within a certain range. However, from the perspective of the high-temperature, high-slip failure mechanism of new energy vehicles, its shortcomings are also quite obvious: on the one hand, the wear model emphasizes the calculation or fitting of wear amount, paying insufficient attention to the shape change of the friction coefficient-slip ratio curve at different temperatures and the friction decay in the high-slip zone; on the other hand, this type of method usually does not incorporate the temperature sensitivity of fatigue crack propagation into a unified evaluation framework, thus making it difficult to explain or warn of the coupled amplification risk of thermal softening-wear amplification and accelerated crack propagation caused by friction decay.

[0005] Regarding the characterization of the temperature sensitivity of the friction coefficient, some technologies model or characterize the friction coefficient from a thermo-mechanical coupling perspective. For example, CN116930059A discloses a method for characterizing the thermo-mechanical coupling friction coefficient of tire rubber, emphasizing the thermo-mechanical coupling characteristics of rubber materials and the influence of temperature on tire friction performance, and characterizing and analyzing the friction response under different temperature conditions through parameterization. This type of method helps to understand the influence of temperature on friction behavior and is suitable for friction model establishment or simulation parameter identification; however, at the level of engineering risk control, there are still two limitations: First, friction characterization often remains at the temperature dependence level of the friction coefficient, lacking an engineering index system for friction retention rate / attenuation degree under high slip conditions, making it difficult to establish a unified and intuitive comparative ranking between different formulations; Second, friction characterization is not equivalent to wear attenuation risk, and it cannot directly deduce the risk level of crack propagation and tearing failure, thus making it difficult to support the pre-screening and attribution judgment of abnormal wear and tear risks in mass production change management.

[0006] Furthermore, in the experimental evaluation of tread rubber abrasion resistance, there are technical approaches that set thresholds based on conditions such as slip ratio and classify performance using indicators such as wear per unit area. For example, EP3591376B1 discloses a test method for the abrasion resistance of tire tread rubber, which introduces a threshold or criterion related to slip ratio into the abrasion resistance evaluation step to achieve a graded evaluation of abrasion resistance performance. This type of method establishes engineering criteria from the perspective of wear amount-slip ratio, which helps to quickly screen the abrasion resistance of materials within certain experimental boundaries; however, its evaluation core is still mainly based on the wear amount result, and it lacks a direct characterization of the chain mechanism that may trigger adhesion / thermal softening and further lead to amplified wear under high temperature conditions due to high slip friction decay. Meanwhile, the wear resistance test criteria and the fatigue crack propagation test system are still relatively disconnected: in actual failures, the wear attenuation of tread rubber often occurs in conjunction with fatigue processes such as microcrack initiation, propagation, and spalling. Simply relying on the wear threshold is insufficient to provide early warning of the potential danger of wear attenuation and crack propagation accelerating together, and it is even more difficult to distinguish the source of risk.

[0007] In summary, while existing technologies have made valuable explorations in areas such as (i) wear characterization introduced by temperature / friction energy variables, (ii) thermo-coupled friction coefficient characterization, and (iii) wear resistance test evaluation based on slip ratio thresholds, the following engineering challenges still exist when facing the complex failure chain of high temperature-high slip-friction decay-wear amplification-crack propagation acceleration in new energy vehicles: First, there is a lack of a friction retention capability index system that can stably quantify friction decay in the high slip zone under at least two temperature conditions and can be compared across formulations; Second, there is a lack of coupled indicators and risk barriers that incorporate friction decay and fatigue crack propagation temperature sensitivity into the same evaluation framework, making it difficult to directly translate laboratory results into executable criteria for mass production changes, formulation screening, and abnormal wear investigations; Third, there is a lack of attribution rules oriented towards failure mechanisms, making it difficult to quickly determine whether the main problem is friction retention rate decay or increased crack propagation temperature sensitivity after a risk is discovered, thus affecting the efficiency and reliability of formulation iteration. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a high-temperature wear attenuation risk assessment and early warning technology system that can be established based on repeatable laboratory test data without relying on long-term road wear tests, and that is both engineering-applicable and mechanistic interpretable. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The technical objective of this invention is to provide a method, system, and medium for assessing the risk of high-temperature wear and degradation of tread rubber under high-temperature and high-slip conditions for new energy vehicles and high-performance tires, by using a reference temperature... With high temperature Extracting high slip friction retention capacity index In conjunction with the pre-notched fatigue crack propagation temperature sensitivity coefficient Constructing Coupled Evaluation Indicators This enables early identification, graded warning, and attribution of risks such as high slip friction decay, thermal softening / adhesion, amplified wear, and increased crack propagation, thereby improving the reliability of tread compound formulation selection, mass production change verification, and abnormal failure analysis without relying on long-term wear of actual vehicles.

[0009] Firstly, in order to achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0010] A method for assessing the risk of high-temperature wear and degradation of tire tread rubber, the method comprising the following steps:

[0011] S1) at the reference temperature With high temperature Next, friction testing equipment was used to test the tread compound to be evaluated, and the coefficient of friction-slip ratio curve was obtained. ;

[0012] S2) Select the low slip point With high slip point Calculate temperature High slip friction retention rate And further calculate the relative retention rate across temperature. :

[0013] ;

[0014] in, For temperature High slip friction retention rate; , For temperature And their respective slip rates , The coefficient of friction at that time;

[0015] ;

[0016] in, , High temperature and reference temperature High slip friction retention rate;

[0017] S3) in and Pre-notch fatigue crack propagation tests were performed separately, with reference tear energy. Crack growth rate obtained And calculate the crack temperature sensitivity coefficient. :

[0018] ,

[0019] in, , For temperature , And tearing can be Crack growth rate over time; The length of the crack; The number of cyclic loads;

[0020] S4) Calculate the coupling index :

[0021] ;

[0022] in, This is a coupling index for high slip friction retention rate and crack propagation; Let be the normalization constant, and and They have the same dimensions;

[0023] S5) based on , With / or Output the risk classification results and attribution conclusions of high temperature wear attenuation of tire tread rubber; wherein, the risk classification includes at least multiple warning levels, and the attribution conclusions include at least the risk of friction retention rate attenuation, the risk of crack propagation temperature sensitivity, and the risk of the two being coupled and amplified.

[0024] Preferably, in step S1, the friction testing equipment is a rotating tread friction simulation tester RTMS or a laboratory wear tester LAT100 or an equivalent device.

[0025] And / or, in step S1, obtain At constant normal load With constant speed Under the conditions; among them, The normal load on the specimen is the force exerted by the dual surface. As the reference speed;

[0026] And / or, in step S1, the slip ratio Let be the parameter representing the relative sliding degree between the sample and the mating surface, and define it as the relative sliding velocity. Compared with the reference speed The ratio:

[0027] ;

[0028] in, The relative sliding velocity between the sample and the mating surface; This is the reference speed.

[0029] Preferably, in step S2, the low slip point for The high slip point for ; or the aforementioned for ;

[0030] And / or, in step S2, the reference temperature for ~ The high temperature for ~ .

[0031] Preferably, in step S3, the pre-notch fatigue crack propagation test is any one of pure shear, trouser tear, or DeMattia fatigue test; wherein, the tear energy The strain energy release rate at the crack tip;

[0032] And / or, in step S3, the reference tearing energy for ~ The representative value of any fixed value or fixed interval in the range.

[0033] And / or, step S3 further includes: at least two tearing energies Crack growth rate measured And the Paris-type parameters were obtained by fitting. and :

[0034] ;

[0035] in, Material correlation coefficient; It is a power exponent; For tearing energy; and in Calculation As input for steps S3 and S4.

[0036] Preferably, in step S4, the normalization constant Pick ~ Any set value in; where, This is a unit for crack growth rate.

[0037] Preferably, step S5 includes: determining the relative retention rate High-temperature crack growth rate Coupling Indicators Each with a preset threshold set Compare and output the risk classification, which includes at least green, yellow, and red lights, where the threshold set is... At least including the first threshold Second threshold With the third threshold ;when or or When it is determined to be a red light risk; when Falling into the buffer zone or Falling into the range The time indicated is a yellow light risk; the rest are indicated as a green light risk; among them, The retention rate buffer band width parameter, The buffer band width parameter is used for coupling indices.

[0038] Preferred, for ~ Any setting value in, for ~ Any setting value in, for ~ Any setting value in;

[0039] And / or, in step S5, the attribution conclusion is based on... and The combination relationship is determined, and a crack temperature sensitivity threshold is introduced. :when and Output coupling amplification risk; when and The risk of output friction retention rate decay is dominant; when and The temperature sensitivity of crack propagation is the dominant risk factor in time-varying outputs; among them... for ~ Any setting value in the [reference].

[0040] Preferably, the Extracting the peak friction coefficient from the curve and their corresponding slip ratio and will Replace with or ;in, For temperature Down The maximum value, The corresponding slip ratio;

[0041] And / or, except and In addition, at intermediate temperatures Get and calculate slope as a function of temperature :

[0042] ;

[0043] in, For the middle and The temperature between; Temperature sensitivity index for retention rate;

[0044] And / or, the method is used for high-temperature wear degradation risk warning of high-resin tread formulations, wherein the high-resin formulations include any one or more of terpene resins, DCPD resins, petroleum resins, or indene resins.

[0045] Secondly, the present invention also provides a tire tread rubber high-temperature wear and degradation risk assessment system, comprising:

[0046] Friction data acquisition module, used to perform step S1 to obtain ;

[0047] The friction retention rate calculation module is used to perform step S2 to calculate... and ;

[0048] The crack propagation data acquisition module is used to execute the right step S3 to obtain the data. And calculate ;

[0049] The coupling index calculation module is used to perform step S4 to calculate... ;

[0050] The results output module is used to execute step S5 to output the risk classification results and attribution conclusions.

[0051] Thirdly, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program or instructions stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method.

[0052] Fourthly, the present invention also provides a computer program product, including a computer program or instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method.

[0053] The technical effect of this invention is that: by using a reference temperature With high temperature The friction coefficient-slip ratio curve of the tread compound was obtained below. and at the low slip point With high slip point Constructing high slip friction retention rate and its relative temperature retention rate It can quantitatively amplify and sensitively capture the frictional decay characteristics of formulations with insufficient resin or heat resistance under high temperature and high slip conditions; at the same time, it introduces pre-notched fatigue crack propagation test and calculates crack temperature sensitivity coefficient under the same temperature comparison framework. High-temperature crack growth rate This allows the evaluation to cover not only wear degradation but also the tear / crack propagation risk, which is highly correlated with actual failure; further... and By coupling indicators A unified characterization system enables early warning and unified prioritization of a chain failure pattern: high temperature – high slip friction attenuation – adhesion / thermal softening – wear amplification – crack propagation acceleration. It can also directly output green / yellow / red risk classifications based on threshold barriers, significantly reducing reliance on long-cycle real-vehicle road wear verification and shortening the cycle of formula screening and mass production change verification. Simultaneously, it leverages… and The combination of variation patterns enables attribution discrimination (friction retention rate decay is dominant, crack temperature sensitivity is dominant, or the two are coupled and amplified), providing a clear direction for formula iteration, thereby improving the efficiency of abnormal wear / tear failure analysis, the feasibility of mass production quality control, and the reliability and safety margin of tires under high temperature and high slip conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0054] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall process of the present invention, which is based on the coupling of high slip friction retention rate at multiple temperatures and fatigue crack propagation to assess the risk of high-temperature wear attenuation of tire tread rubber.

[0055] Figure 2 Curves of friction coefficient and slip ratio of tread rubber at different temperatures Comparison and high slip friction retention rate Point selection diagram.

[0056] Figure 3 relative retention rate of the sample Distribution diagram.

[0057] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the results of fatigue crack propagation tests on pre-notched surfaces at different temperatures.

[0058] Figure 5 for —High-temperature crack growth rate Schematic diagram of a two-dimensional risk barrier.

[0059] Figure 6 Coupling Indicators Sorting diagram.

[0060] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the classification rules for engineering guardrails. Detailed Implementation

[0061] The following is in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the instruction manual ( Figures 1 to 7 The embodiments of the present invention will be further described below. It should be understood that the embodiments described in this invention are used to explain the technical solutions of the present invention and to facilitate implementation by those skilled in the art, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention; without departing from the spirit of the present invention, those skilled in the art may make equivalent substitutions or reasonable modifications to the equipment models, parameter ranges, and data processing methods therein, all of which should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0062] I. Terminology Explanation

[0063] Reference temperature: denoted as It is used to characterize the friction and crack propagation baseline state of tread rubber under common medium-temperature operating conditions.

[0064] High temperature: denoted as ,satisfy It is used to characterize the high temperature state of the tread rubber caused by low-speed high slip or high torque acceleration / braking in congested traffic.

[0065] Friction coefficient-slip ratio curve: denoted as , indicating at temperature Lower coefficient of friction With slip ratio The changing functional relationship (see Figure 2 ).

[0066] Low slip point: denoted as Used to represent the friction level in the low slip zone (e.g.) ).

[0067] High slip point: denoted as Used to represent the friction level in high slip zones (e.g.) ).

[0068] High slip friction retention rate: denoted as It is used to describe the ability of high slip friction to retain its relative slip friction to low slip friction at the same temperature.

[0069] Relative retention rate: denoted as It is used to describe the change in the ability to retain high-slip friction at high temperatures relative to a reference temperature, and is a key quantitative indicator of high-temperature high-slip friction decay (see [reference]). Figure 3 ).

[0070] Pre-notch fatigue crack propagation test: at a given tear energy Below, measure the crack length. With the number of loops The growth pattern yields the crack growth rate. (See) Figure 4 ).

[0071] Crack temperature sensitivity coefficient: denoted as , is used to describe the magnification factor of the crack propagation rate at high temperature relative to a reference temperature.

[0072] Coupling index: denoted as This involves coupling frictional attenuation with crack propagation temperature sensitivity to form a unified risk assessment scale, used for risk classification, ranking, and attribution (see [link to relevant documentation]). Figure 6 , Figure 7 ).

[0073] II. System Structure of the Invention

[0074] Although the core of this invention is a risk assessment method, to facilitate engineering implementation and mass production change management, a tire tread rubber high-temperature wear degradation risk assessment system as described in claims can be constructed. The system can adopt a modular structure comprising testing hardware, data acquisition, index calculation, and risk output, specifically including:

[0075] Friction testing subsystem: used for testing in and Get Curve. The hardware can be RTMS, LAT100 or equivalent friction / wear testing equipment; the accessories include a temperature control chamber, a normal load application mechanism, a speed control mechanism, a force sensor and a data acquisition card. Figure 2 shown — The curve is output and visualized by this subsystem.

[0076] Crack propagation testing subsystem: used for... and The pre-notched specimens were subjected to fatigue loading, and the crack growth rate was measured. It can also be further fitted with Paris-type parameters (see...) Figure 4 The hardware can be a pure shear fatigue machine, a trouser tear fatigue device, or a De Mattia fatigue machine; the accessories include a constant temperature chamber, a displacement / force controller, a cycle counter, and a crack length measurement device (such as a high-resolution camera + calibration ruler / microscope / image algorithm).

[0077] Data storage and calibration module: Used to store raw test data (force, displacement, temperature, slip ratio, friction coefficient, crack length, etc.), equipment calibration parameters (sensor zero point, load coefficient, velocity correction, temperature deviation correction), and historical sample library, used for thresholding. With normalization constant Engineering standards.

[0078] Indicator Calculation and Risk Assessment Module: Used for... Perform cleaning, interpolation, point selection, and calculation. and ; Calculation of crack propagation data and Further calculations , and according to Figures 5-7 The rules shown output risk classification and attribution conclusions.

[0079] Results Output Module (Human-Computer Interaction / Report Generation): Used to generate... Figure 3 ( distributed), Figure 5 (Second maintenance column) Figure 6 ( (sorting) Figure 7 (Guardrail rule illustration) and an engineering report containing conclusions, risk levels, key indicators, and attribution recommendations, supporting R&D formula screening, mass production change release, and abnormal wear investigation.

[0080] The above system structure and Figure 1 The overall process diagram is consistent with the method: after acquiring friction data and crack data respectively, they enter the calculation module, outputting classification and attribution results to form a closed-loop management.

[0081] III. Specific Technical Route for Implementing the Method of the Invention

[0082] like Figure 1 As shown, the overall technical approach of the method of the present invention can be summarized as follows:

[0083] (1) In and Get curve and in Take a point at ( Figure 2 );

[0084] (2) Calculate the temperature at each temperature based on the sampling results. Relative retention rate across temperature And to form distribution and comparison of multiple formulations / samples ( Figure 3 );

[0085] (3) Conduct pre-notch fatigue crack propagation tests at the same two temperatures and calculate the reference tear energy. Below And obtained ( Figure 4 );

[0086] (4) , Coupled with the high-temperature crack growth rate, we obtain And rank the risk of the samples ( Figure 6 );

[0087] (5) Establish a second maintenance column ( Figure 5 ) and grading rules ( Figure 7 Output green / yellow / red risk levels, and simultaneously based on and The combination of changes completes the attribution judgment and provides directions for formula optimization.

[0088] IV. Specific Implementation Methods

[0089] (I) Step S1: Obtaining data through multi-temperature friction testing curve

[0090] 1. Sample preparation and consistency control

[0091] To ensure comparability between different formulations / batch sizes, a standardized sample preparation process is recommended:

[0092] Tread compounding and vulcanization: Prepare according to the company's formula and vulcanization system; it is recommended to record the vulcanization temperature, time, pressure and post-vulcanization conditions.

[0093] Sample geometry: Circular or strip samples can be prepared, with dimensions meeting the equipment's clamping and contact requirements; the sample surface roughness and cleanliness should be consistent to avoid surface contamination. deviation.

[0094] Pretreatment: Before testing, the sample should be preheated / equilibrated near the target temperature (e.g., placed in a temperature control chamber for 30-60 minutes) to reduce curve drift caused by thermal hysteresis.

[0095] 2. Temperature point setting and temperature control implementation

[0096] Reference temperature : Optional ~ Preferred ;

[0097] high temperature : Optional ~ Preferred ;

[0098] Temperature control method: The equipment has a built-in constant temperature chamber or an external constant temperature chamber, and adopts closed-loop control (temperature sensor + PID); the actual temperature is recorded. And correct for temperature deviations.

[0099] Steady-state criterion: when And it must be maintained for more than 10 minutes before entering the formal testing phase.

[0100] 3. Load, speed and slip ratio control

[0101] In order to make With engineering comparability, it is recommended to apply constant normal loads. With constant reference speed Downscan slip rate :

[0102] Based on the equipment capacity and contact area, the contact stress is preferably set within the typical working range of the tread rubber.

[0103] : Select 0.5~5m / s (or equivalent linear velocity) to ensure that no abnormal ablation occurs in the high slip section;

[0104] slip ratio Defined as the ratio of relative sliding speed to reference speed:

[0105] ;

[0106] in, Slip ratio; The relative sliding velocity between the sample and the mating surface; This is the reference speed.

[0107] In terms of equipment implementation, the following methods can be adopted:

[0108] Controlled by the speed difference between the driving dual surface rotation and the sample rotation. ;or

[0109] Direct scanning by setting the slip control mode (closed-loop control slip ratio) .

[0110] 4. Sliding Scan Strategy and Data Acquisition

[0111] Scan range: Recommended Incrementing from 0% to 30% (at least covering) and );

[0112] Scan step size: 1% to 2% is recommended, or continuous scanning can be used with resampling at equal intervals in post-processing;

[0113] Steady-state sampling: Each slip point is held for 2–5 seconds, and the average steady-state value in the last second is taken as the value for that point. ;

[0114] Sampling frequency: The force / velocity / temperature sampling frequency is recommended to be no less than 100Hz in order to filter out transient disturbances;

[0115] Repeatability: Each temperature point was repeated at least 3 times, and the median or the mean after removing outliers was used as the mean. .

[0116] 5. Curve Construction and Figure 2 generate

[0117] Collected discrete points At the same temperature Next step:

[0118] Smoothing (optional Savitzky-Golay or moving average, to avoid over-smoothing that weakens peaks);

[0119] Interpolation resampling (such as linear interpolation or spline interpolation) yields a continuous curve. ;

[0120] exist Figure 2 Mid-overlay and Two curves, labeled. and The location of the points is selected to provide a visual basis for subsequent S2 calculations.

[0121] At this point, the output of S1 is: at both temperatures and and the points required , Data such as...

[0122] (ii) Step S2: Calculate the high slip friction retention rate With relative retention rate

[0123] Step S2 is the core quantitative step in this invention for identifying high-temperature high-slip friction decay. Its creative contribution lies in the fact that it does not only look at the friction coefficient at a single temperature or a single slip point, but uses the high-slip / low-slip ratio within the same temperature to measure the high-slip retention capability, and then uses the cross-temperature ratio to measure the degree of high-temperature decay. This makes it more sensitive, more comparable, and more engineering-oriented to the risk of high-slip collapse at high temperatures, even though the low-slip performance is good.

[0124] 1. Low slip point With high slip point Selection principles

[0125] (1) Principle of Project Representativeness:

[0126] Represents the low slip zone (slight slippage during traction / braking, slight acceleration / braking of the vehicle), option 10;

[0127] Represents the high slip zone (frequent starts and stops at low speeds in congested traffic, rapid acceleration / braking, sudden torque changes), with options of 25 or 20.

[0128] (2) Curve stability principle:

[0129] Avoid In the extremely sharp peak region or noise-sensitive region of the curve, the slip point with a relatively stable curve slope and good repeatability should be selected first; if different formulations show obvious local peak drift at a certain slip point, the peak normalization scheme can be adopted (see the alternative definition below).

[0130] (3) Principle of Consistency:

[0131] In the same batch of evaluations, and It should remain fixed unless different levels are required due to equipment limitations or differences in product type (in which case it should be clearly indicated in the report).

[0132] 2. Point selection methods: interpolation point selection and steady-state window point selection

[0133] Due to the actual collection Often discrete points And may be related to the target Not entirely consistent; a combination of interpolation point selection and steady-state window verification is recommended.

[0134] like Then, the steady-state average friction coefficient at that point is directly taken as... Otherwise Within the neighborhood (e.g.) Perform linear interpolation:

[0135] set up The corresponding coefficient of friction is ,but in, For the target sliding point The coefficient of friction at that point; For envelope Adjacent sampling slip points; This represents the corresponding coefficient of friction.

[0136] right Similarly, we can obtain .

[0137] Perform steady-state window verification on the interpolation results: Check Whether the temperature fluctuation within the sampling window exceeds a preset threshold (e.g., if the slip fluctuation is >0.5% or the temperature fluctuation is >1℃, it is judged as unstable and the segment needs to be removed or retested).

[0138] 3. High slip friction retention rate Calculation and physical meaning

[0139] At the same temperature The following calculations are performed:

[0140] ;

[0141] in, For temperature High slip friction retention rate; For high slip point The coefficient of friction at that point; Low slip point The coefficient of friction at that point; Low slip point; It is a high slip point; For testing temperature.

[0142] when A value close to 1 indicates that high slip friction is close to low slip friction, and the material has a strong ability to retain friction in the high slip range; when A value significantly less than 1 indicates a substantial decrease in high-slip friction, suggesting a tendency for high-slip friction collapse. Using a ratio instead of an absolute value can mitigate the impact of varying surface roughness and minor load deviations on the overall friction level, resulting in a more stable evaluation.

[0143] 4. Relative retention rate Computational and Engineering Interpretation

[0144] Calculations across temperatures:

[0145] ;

[0146] in, Relative retention rate; High temperature Lower retention rate; Reference temperature Lower retention rate; and These are two temperature settings.

[0147] This indicates a decrease in high-slip retention capacity at high temperatures; the smaller the value, the more severe the degradation; specifically, when a certain formulation... The lower high slip remains good ( (Higher), but Down Collapse, It will significantly reduce and can quickly expose the hidden dangers of high temperature and high slip friction attenuation.

[0148] like Figure 3 As shown, multiple samples / multiple formulations can be processed. The distribution is plotted as a bar chart (bar / box line / violin chart) to form an intuitive comparison of high-temperature friction retention capabilities, which facilitates formula screening and mass production change judgment.

[0149] 5. Alternative definitions and enhanced robustness under abnormal operating conditions

[0150] To address the issue of abnormal peak values ​​or peak position shifts in certain formulations during the low-glide phase, a substitution retention rate based on peak normalization can be used:

[0151] Define temperature Lower peak friction coefficient and their corresponding slip ratio :

[0152] ;

[0153] Replacement retention rate:

[0154] ;

[0155] in, Peak value normalization retention rate; is the peak friction coefficient.

[0156] Recalculate , used to assist in judgment.

[0157] In addition, to quantify the retention rate as a function of temperature (corresponding to the intermediate temperature) (Extended scheme), can be set And calculate the temperature sensitivity slope:

[0158] ;

[0159] in, To maintain temperature sensitivity; and The two temperature retention rates are given.

[0160] Through the aforementioned robustness enhancement measures, S2 can maintain consistent engineering judgment capabilities across different material systems and equipment platforms.

[0161] (III) Step S3: Multi-temperature pre-notch fatigue crack propagation test and calculate

[0162] The creative contribution of step S3 is that it places the crack propagation risk in the form of a temperature-sensitive amplification factor alongside the frictional attenuation index of S2, and provides a quantifiable input for subsequent coupling indices, thereby covering the wear attenuation-tear / crack propagation coupled failure chain.

[0163] 1. Specimen structure, pre-cutting preparation, and geometric consistency

[0164] (1) Selection of sample type

[0165] Depending on the company's practices and equipment conditions, one of the following methods can be selected: Pure Shear, Trouser Tear, or De Mattia fatigue. To facilitate tearing energy... Definition and control, pure shear specimens are preferred: their energy release rate at the crack tip is relatively stable, which facilitates cross-temperature comparison.

[0166] (2) Preparation of pre-cut (initial crack)

[0167] An initial crack is prepared at the center of the specimen using a standard cutting tool or notching device. ;

[0168] recommend The range is 1–5 mm, and the evaluation results for the same batch are consistent.

[0169] Record the relationship between the cut direction and the material texture / flow direction to ensure that the orientation of each sample is consistent and to avoid problems caused by anisotropy. deviation.

[0170] (3) Geometric consistency

[0171] Ensure that the thickness, width, and clamping length of the sample are consistent; it is recommended to reject or mark samples with a thickness deviation > ±2%.

[0172] 2. Tearing energy Setting and control (refer to tearing energy) )

[0173] Crack propagation evaluation must be performed under repeatable driving forces. Tear energy. As the driving force at the crack tip, it is defined as the strain energy release rate caused by crack propagation (the unit is usually 100 kJ / m²). Two implementation methods can be used in this invention:

[0174] (A) Fixed reference tear energy Method (preferred)

[0175] Select 300-700 Any fixed value in (e.g.) );

[0176] exist and All below are the same For driving quantity acquisition This ensures the comparability of temperature-sensitive comparisons.

[0177] (B) Multi-tear energy Fitting method (more robust)

[0178] At least two tearing energies (For example , , ) measured ;

[0179] Fit Paris-type relationships and The value of insertion is obtained This reduces the impact of noise from single-point measurements (see the formula below).

[0180] The tear energy is typically controlled by applying displacement or load amplitudes. For pure shear specimens, displacement control can be used, and the results can be obtained through calibration. The correspondence between the displacement amplitude and the test value (calibration can be based on finite element method or experimental energy method); for trouser-shaped tear specimens, the relationship between steady-state tear force and geometry can be estimated. Regardless of the method used, calibration must be completed and the calibration curve recorded on the same equipment platform.

[0181] 3. Temperature point setting and test stability (corresponding) and )

[0182] The sample is kept at the target temperature for equilibration (e.g., 30–60 min).

[0183] Temperature was recorded in real time during the experiment. If the temperature fluctuation exceeds ±1℃, the data segment should be paused or discarded.

[0184] To avoid the additional impact of thermo-oxidative aging on crack propagation, the total test duration can be controlled or the test can be conducted in an inert atmosphere chamber (optional); however, if the company is more concerned about the actual thermo-oxidative environment, it can maintain consistent test conditions in an air atmosphere, which is equally comparable.

[0185] 4. Crack length Measurement and crack growth rate calculate

[0186] (1) Crack length measurement

[0187] Timed photography with a camera and a calibration ruler can be used, or readings can be taken using a microscope.

[0188] The photography frequency can be once every 1,000 to 5,000 cycles (depending on the crack growth rate);

[0189] Image algorithms can automatically identify the location of crack tips and output... curve.

[0190] (2) Crack growth rate calculation

[0191] For discrete points The interval average crack growth rate can be obtained using the finite difference method:

[0192] ;

[0193] in, For the first Crack growth rate within the range; The crack lengths are measured adjacent to each other; This corresponds to the number of loops.

[0194] To reduce noise, the following can be adopted in engineering:

[0195] After the crack enters the stable propagation range (avoiding the initiation stage and the final instability stage), take the median range. As a representative value;

[0196] Or to Perform local linear regression, with the regression slope as... .

[0197] 5. Paris-type fitting and Evaluation input (optional enhancement)

[0198] When using multiple During measurement, a fit can be made:

[0199] ;

[0200] in, Material correlation coefficient; It is a power exponent; For tearing energy; This represents the crack growth rate.

[0201] After fitting, at the reference tearing energy Calculation at point:

[0202] ;

[0203] in, For temperature Fitting parameters; For temperature And tearing can be The crack growth rate at that time is used as the output of S3 and fed into the coupling calculation of S4.

[0204] 6. Crack temperature sensitivity coefficient Calculation and Figure 4 generate

[0205] exist and The reference tearing energy was obtained below. After reducing the crack growth rate, calculate:

[0206] ;

[0207] in, The crack temperature sensitivity coefficient; This represents the crack growth rate at high temperatures. The crack growth rate at the reference temperature; The length of the crack; This represents the number of loop iterations. For reference tearing energy.

[0208] explain: The larger the crack size, the more sensitive the crack propagation is to temperature, and the more significant the acceleration of crack propagation at high temperatures; when a certain formula It's acceptable, but When the value increases significantly, it indicates that the risk of wear degradation may be dominated by the temperature sensitivity of crack propagation.

[0209] like Figure 4 As shown, crack propagation curves at two temperatures (e.g.) can be used to illustrate crack propagation curves at two temperatures. – or – The superimposed comparison visually presents the accelerated effect of high temperature, and is marked on the graph. Evaluation points at each location.

[0210] (iv) Step S4: Coupling Indicators Calculation and sorting output

[0211] Step S4 is a key step in achieving a unified risk scale in this invention. Its technical contribution lies in coupling high-temperature high-slip friction attenuation with crack propagation temperature sensitivity / high-temperature crack growth rate into a single index, enabling both R&D and mass production to use a single value for sorting, setting guardrails, and identifying abnormal samples (see [link to relevant documentation]). Figure 6 ).

[0212] 1. Normalization constant Setting principles

[0213] because Having dimensions (e.g.) To make the coupling index easier to set thresholds and compare across projects in engineering, a normalization constant is introduced. ,satisfy:

[0214] and Same dimensions;

[0215] The preferred method is to select the crack growth rate at the critical risk level from the company's historical samples, such as... ~ A set value within a range;

[0216] In the data, Desirable This facilitates obtaining engineering dimensions close to 0 to several hundred.

[0217] 2. Coupling Indicators calculate

[0218] Combining the outputs of S2 and S3, calculate:

[0219] ;

[0220] in, For coupling index; Relative retention rate; The crack temperature sensitivity coefficient; High temperature and tearing energy Time crack growth rate; This is the normalization constant.

[0221] explain:

[0222] when When friction decreases (and the degradation becomes more severe), Increase, promote Increase;

[0223] when When the temperature rises (crack propagation temperature sensitivity is stronger), the index increases;

[0224] When the high-temperature crack growth rate is already high, the index increases further;

[0225] therefore It exhibits amplified sensitivity to the coupling amplification of frictional attenuation and crack propagation, making it particularly suitable for early identification of materials with amplified wear and tearing risks under high temperature and high slip conditions.

[0226] 3. Data quality control and outlier handling

[0227] To ensure To ensure stability during mass production change releases, the following data controls are recommended:

[0228] Consistency of repeated trials: and Each element has at least 3 repetitions; take the median.

[0229] Outlier removal: If a duplicate result deviates from the median by more than 15% (configurable), it is considered an outlier and removed.

[0230] Denominator protection: When In cases where the cause is extremely minor and may be due to test instability (such as unstable temperature or slippage), a review should be conducted. Figure 2Is the curve abnormal? Retest if necessary.

[0231] Unit consistency: ensure and Same unit (e.g.) This avoids amplifying errors.

[0232] 4. Sorting output and Figure 6 generate

[0233] Calculate for different formulations / batch samples under the same project. back:

[0234] according to Sort the risks from highest to lowest and output a risk priority list (those with higher risks should be rectified or restricted in application first).

[0235] draw Figure 6 The displayed sorted bar chart or column chart, with risk level colors marked (can be output by S5), allows the R&D / manufacturing department to quickly identify high-risk formulations.

[0236] (V) Step S5: Risk classification, maintenance column and attribution judgment

[0237] Step S5 transforms the aforementioned indicators into actionable engineering conclusions. This can be implemented through threshold-based guardrail grading, combined rule attribution, and report output.

[0238] 1. Threshold system and green / yellow / red grading (corresponding to) Figure 7 )

[0239] Threshold set can be set :

[0240] Relative retention rate red light threshold (e.g., 0.80–0.85);

[0241] High-temperature crack growth rate red light threshold (e.g.) ~ );

[0242] : Coupling indicator red light threshold (e.g., 80-180);

[0243] Crack temperature sensitivity coefficient discrimination threshold (e.g., 1.8 to 2.2).

[0244] Hierarchical rules (can be implemented directly):

[0245] like or or It is judged as a red light risk;

[0246] like In the buffer or In The light is deemed to be yellow, indicating a risk.

[0247] The rest are green light risks.

[0248] in, and This is the buffer band width parameter, used to cover measurement errors and batch variations (e.g.) , This can be used as an initial value, which will ultimately be calibrated by the company.

[0249] 2. Two-dimensional risk guardrail

[0250] To facilitate intuitive identification of low High-risk areas with high crack growth rates can be plotted in a two-dimensional plane:

[0251] The horizontal axis is ;

[0252] The vertical axis is ;

[0253] by and To divide regions into boundaries, such as Figure 5 As shown.

[0254] The advantage of these two maintenance columns is that even for a certain sample... Even if the red light threshold is not exceeded, the trend of approaching the boundary can be detected on the two-dimensional graph, thereby triggering the yellow light warning in advance and arranging formula optimization or process review.

[0255] 3. Attribution Judgment Rules (Explaining the Risk)

[0256] This invention emphasizes attribution, facilitating engineering rectification. A combination of rules can be used:

[0257] Coupled amplification risk (adhesion / thermal softening + crack temperature sensitivity combined amplification):

[0258] when and At that time, the output attribution A is: the coupling amplification of the friction retention rate decay and the temperature sensitivity of crack propagation under high temperature and high slip.

[0259] Friction retention rate decay is the dominant risk:

[0260] when and When the output is attributed to B: the friction retention rate decay is the dominant factor, and it is recommended to improve the resin thermal stability / reduce the adhesion tendency / optimize the lubricating phase.

[0261] Temperature-dependent risk of crack propagation:

[0262] when and When the output is attributed to C: crack propagation is primarily temperature-sensitive, it is recommended to optimize the crosslinking network, enhance the tear-resistant structure, or strengthen the interface.

[0263] Attribution results can be compared with Figure 7 The guardrail rules are illustrated with corresponding outputs, enabling the R&D team to directly deduce the optimization direction from the conclusions, rather than just obtaining a black-box judgment of good / bad.

[0264] V. Specific Application Examples

[0265] To illustrate the calculation logic of the present invention's indicators and its application in engineering guardrails, 16 groups of tread rubber samples prepared under the same test platform were selected for laboratory evaluation. Examples 1 to 8 were candidate formulations intended for mass production or development release (generally exhibiting stable friction retention under high temperature and high slip conditions and low temperature sensitivity to crack propagation). Comparative Examples 1 to 8 were control samples known or designed to easily exhibit friction decay and crack propagation amplification under high temperature and high slip conditions. Friction tests and crack propagation tests were conducted at the same temperature point to ensure the comparability of the cross-temperature ratio indicators. All raw data were repeatedly tested to obtain steady-state statistical values, forming the following indicators used for guardrail judgment (see...). Figures 5-7 ).

[0266] (I) Experimental conditions and methods

[0267] 1. Friction test

[0268] At reference temperature With high temperature Next, using RTMS or LAT100 equivalent friction testing equipment, slip ratio scanning tests were performed on each tread rubber sample to obtain friction coefficient-slip ratio curves. Select a low slip point in the curve. With high slip point Read them separately and To calculate the high slip friction retention rate and relative retention rate.

[0269] High slip friction retention rate:

[0270] ;

[0271] in, For temperature High slip friction retention rate; For temperature And the slip ratio is coefficient of friction; For temperature And the slip ratio is coefficient of friction; For low slip point (in this embodiment) ); For high slip point (in this embodiment) ); For testing temperature.

[0272] Relative retention rate:

[0273] ;

[0274] in, Relative retention rate across temperature; Reference temperature ( ); For high temperature ( ).

[0275] 2. Pre-notch fatigue crack propagation test

[0276] At the same temperature point and Next, pre-notch fatigue crack propagation tests were performed on each sample (pure shear, trouser tear, or De Mattia equivalent test can be used), and the reference tear energy was set to... The crack growth rate under this tearing energy was measured. And calculate the crack temperature sensitivity coefficient.

[0277] Crack temperature sensitivity coefficient:

[0278] ,

[0279] in, The crack temperature sensitivity coefficient; The length of the crack; This represents the number of loop iterations. For reference tearing energy ( ); High temperature and tearing energy Time crack growth rate; The reference temperature and tear energy are Crack growth rate over time.

[0280] To enhance the stability of crack data, some samples were tested at multiple tearing energies. The following measurements were obtained And fit a Paris-type relationship to obtain parameters. and (corresponding table) , List):

[0281] ;

[0282] in, Material correlation coefficient; It is a power exponent; For tearing energy; This represents the crack growth rate.

[0283] 3. Coupling index calculation

[0284] To couple high-temperature, high-slip frictional attenuation with crack propagation temperature sensitivity into a unified risk scale, a coupling index was calculated. and take the normalization constant. :

[0285] ;

[0286] in, For coupling index; Relative retention rate; The crack temperature sensitivity coefficient; The crack growth rate is the reference tear energy at high temperature. The normalization constant (in this embodiment, it is) ), its dimensions and Consistent.

[0287] Note: "daN" in the table below indicates (unit ).

[0288] (II) Experimental Data and Index Calculation Results

[0289]

[0290] (III) Calculation

[0291] Taking Comparative Example 1 as an example:

[0292] 1) ; ;therefore

[0293] ;

[0294] in, This represents the relative retention rate.

[0295] 2) Crack temperature sensitivity coefficient:

[0296] ;

[0297] in, The crack temperature sensitivity coefficient is denoted as .

[0298] 3) Coupling index ( ):

[0299] ;

[0300] With the table Consistency indicates that the indicator calculations can be directly verified.

[0301] (iv) Tiered early warning and attribution (see Figures 5-7 )

[0302] 1. Threshold for engineering guardrails

[0303] The following guardrail thresholds can be optionally set (for enterprise applications, calibration can be performed using historical samples and equipment calibration):

[0304] Friction retention rate red light: ;

[0305] Cracked red light: ;

[0306] Yellow light warning: .

[0307] at the same time, Used for unified sorting and auxiliary judgment. For easier engineering threshold readings, it can also be selected... Perform scaling, for example, define The following optional coupling guardrails can be used:

[0308] Coupling red light: ;

[0309] Coupling yellow light: .

[0310] in, This is a scaled coupling index, intended only as a more conservative engineering strategy; the "Level ()" in this table is prioritized according to... The criteria for determining the crack red light should be consistent with the levels given in the table.

[0311] 2. Grading Results and Technical Effects (Derived directly from the data)

[0312] Example group: The mean is approximately 0.91, indicating a high-temperature crack growth rate. The mean is approximately The overall situation is either green or yellow at the boundary (as in Examples 2 and 4). fall into The yellow light (triggered by the interval) indicates that the risk of friction retention and crack propagation of the candidate formulation under high temperature and high slip is controllable.

[0313] Comparative example group: The mean is approximately 0.71. The mean is approximately Most samples simultaneously meet the "low" requirement. The condition of "high crack growth rate" is easily fallen into the category of Figure 5 The high-risk area is shown; and All were significantly higher than those in the example group (comparative average approximately 6.69, while example average approximately 0.94), which is sufficient. Figure 6 A clear risk ranking gradient is formed. Therefore, this invention can eliminate or restrict the application of high-risk formulations from the candidate set in advance during the laboratory stage without relying on long-term road wear, thereby improving the reliability of formulation screening and mass production change verification.

[0314] 3. Attribution Rules and Sample Attribution

[0315] Attribution rules can be:

[0316] (a) Significantly reduced and Significantly elevated: This is determined to be a high-risk condition due to the coupled amplification of adhesion / thermal softening and crack propagation temperature sensitivity under high temperature and high slip conditions.

[0317] (b) Significantly reduced but The change was minimal: the decline in friction retention rate was determined to be the dominant factor.

[0318] (c) Not much change but Significantly increased: This indicates that the crack propagation is primarily temperature-sensitive.

[0319] With threshold As "significantly reduced", When "significantly elevated" is considered: Comparative examples 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, and 8 all showed the following: low and The high value belongs to attribution (a) "coupling amplification"; although Comparative Example 4... Relatively high but Higher, more consistent with attribution (c) "crack temperature-sensitive dominant"; Examples 2 and 4 are Low The increase was not significant, which falls under the attribution (b) "friction retention rate decay is dominant," suggesting that subsequent optimization should prioritize improving high-temperature, high-slip friction retention capability (e.g., resin thermal stability, reducing adhesion tendency, or optimizing the lubricating phase), thereby... Figure 7 This is consistent with the attribution logic.

[0320] The foregoing description of embodiments of the present invention, through which those skilled in the art are able to implement or use the present invention, will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. The general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novelty disclosed herein.

[0321] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0322] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0323] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0324] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0325] In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPU), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

[0326] Memory may include non-persistent memory in computer-readable media, such as random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. Memory is computer-readable media.

[0327] Computer-readable media includes both permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media that can store information using any method or technology. Information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, modules of programs, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase-change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technologies, CD-ROM, digital versatile optical disc (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transferable medium that can be used to store information accessible by a computing device. As defined herein, computer-readable media does not include transient computer-readable media, such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

Claims

1. A method for assessing the risk of high-temperature wear and degradation of tire tread rubber, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1) At the reference temperature With high temperature Next, friction testing equipment was used to test the tread compound to be evaluated, and the coefficient of friction-slip ratio curve was obtained. S2) Select a low slip point With high slip point Calculate temperature High slip friction retention rate And further calculate the relative retention rate across temperature. : ； in, For temperature High slip friction retention rate; , For temperature And their respective slip rates , The coefficient of friction at that time; ； in, , High temperature and reference temperature High slip friction retention rate; S3) In and Pre-notch fatigue crack propagation tests were performed separately, with reference tear energy. Crack growth rate obtained And calculate the crack temperature sensitivity coefficient. : ， in, , For temperature , And tearing can be Crack growth rate over time; The length of the crack; The number of cyclic loads; S4) Calculate the coupling index : ; in, This is a coupling index for high slip friction retention rate and crack propagation; Let be the normalization constant, and and Having the same dimensions; S5) Based on , With / or Output the risk classification results and attribution conclusions of high temperature wear attenuation of tire tread rubber; wherein, the risk classification includes at least multiple warning levels, and the attribution conclusions include at least the risk of friction retention rate attenuation, the risk of crack propagation temperature sensitivity, and the risk of the two being coupled and amplified.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the friction testing equipment is a rotating tread friction simulation tester RTMS or a laboratory wear tester LAT100 or equivalent equipment; And / or, in step S1, obtain At constant normal load With constant speed Under the conditions; among them, The normal load on the specimen is the force exerted by the dual surface. As the reference speed; And / or, in step S1, the slip ratio Let be the parameter representing the relative sliding degree between the sample and the mating surface, and define it as the relative sliding velocity. Compared with the reference speed The ratio: ; in, The relative sliding velocity between the sample and the mating surface; This is the reference speed.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the low slip point for The high slip point for ; or the aforementioned for ; And / or, in step S2, the reference temperature for ~ The high temperature for ~ .

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the pre-notch fatigue crack propagation test is any one of pure shear, trouser tear, or DeMattia fatigue test; wherein, the tear energy The strain energy release rate at the crack tip; And / or, in step S3, the reference tearing energy for ~ The representative value of any fixed value or fixed interval in the range; And / or, step S3 further includes: at least two tearing energies Crack growth rate measured And the Paris-type parameters were obtained by fitting. and : ; in, Material correlation coefficient; It is a power exponent; For tearing energy; and in Calculation As input for steps S3 and S4.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the normalization constant Pick ~ Any set value in; where, This is a unit for crack growth rate.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S5 includes: determining the relative retention rate High-temperature crack growth rate Coupling Indicators Each with a preset threshold set Compare and output the risk classification, which includes at least green, yellow, and red lights, where the threshold set is... At least including the first threshold Second threshold With the third threshold ;when or or When it is determined to be a red light risk; when Falling into the buffer zone or Falling into the range The time indicated is a yellow light risk; the rest are indicated as a green light risk; among them, The retention rate buffer band width parameter, The buffer band width parameter is used for coupling indices. Preferred, for ~ Any setting value in, for ~ Any setting value in, for ~ Any setting value in; And / or, in step S5, the attribution conclusion is based on... and The combination relationship is determined, and a crack temperature sensitivity threshold is introduced. :when and Output "Coupled Amplification Risk" when; and Output "Friction retention rate decay dominates risk"; when and The system outputs "crack propagation temperature-sensitive dominant risk"; among which, for ~ Any setting value in the [reference].

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Extracting the peak friction coefficient from the curve and their corresponding slip ratio and will Replace with or ;in, For temperature Down The maximum value, The corresponding slip ratio; And / or, except and In addition, at intermediate temperatures Get and calculate slope as a function of temperature : ； in, For the middle and The temperature between; Temperature sensitivity index for retention rate; And / or, the method is used for high-temperature wear degradation risk warning of high-resin tread formulations, wherein the high-resin formulations include any one or more of terpene resins, DCPD resins, petroleum resins, or indene resins.

8. A tire tread rubber high-temperature wear and degradation risk assessment system, characterized in that, include: Friction data acquisition module, used to perform step S1 to obtain ; The friction retention rate calculation module is used to perform step S2 to calculate... and ; The crack propagation data acquisition module is used to execute the right step S3 to obtain the data. And calculate ; The coupling index calculation module is used to perform step S4 to calculate... ; The results output module is used to execute step S5 to output the risk classification results and attribution conclusions.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program or instructions stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program or instructions are executed by a processor, they implement the steps of the method described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer program product, comprising a computer program or instructions, characterized in that, When the computer program or instructions are executed by a processor, they implement the steps of the method described in any one of claims 1-7.

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