A method, device and system for adaptive adjustment of a BFD detection threshold

Abstract

A method, apparatus, and system for adaptively adjusting the BFD detection threshold, relating to the field of communication technology, are disclosed. The method includes: configuring a Connection Fault Management (CFM) function; establishing at least one Maintenance Association (MA), with each MA bound to a service type; periodically collecting link quality data of the link using maintenance endpoints (MEPs) deployed on the link; calculating the network quality score of the link based on the link quality data and the weights corresponding to the service types associated with each MA; determining the bidirectional forwarding detection (BFD) threshold corresponding to the link based on the network quality score; and updating the detection parameters of the BFD session based on the BFD detection threshold to perform fault detection on the link. This invention enables the BFD detection mechanism to adaptively adjust according to the real-time quality status of the network.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, specifically to a method, apparatus, and system for adaptive adjustment of BFD detection threshold. Background Technology

[0002] In existing network environments, BFD (Bidirectional Forwarding Detection) is a lightweight, media-independent, and protocol-independent fast link fault detection mechanism, featuring millisecond-level fault detection and hardware independence. BFD can work in conjunction with Layer 3 interfaces, routing protocols such as OSPF (Open Shortest Path First), LACP (Link Aggregation Control Protocol), and MPLS (Multi-Protocol Label Switching) to quickly detect link faults. Currently, BFD is widely used for link fault detection in OLT and network-side devices.

[0003] IEEE 802.1ag defines Ethernet-based OAM (Connectivity Fault Management) functionality, or CFM for short, for detecting and locating link connection faults in networks operated by multiple independent organizations. ITU-T Y.1731 not only includes all the functions defined by IEEE 802.1ag, but also enhances link performance monitoring, primarily by monitoring various link performance metrics such as packet loss, latency, and jitter, as well as traffic statistics.

[0004] Traditional BFD uses a fixed detection interval (e.g., 100ms), and the detection is statically configured based on the BFD session. It cannot dynamically adjust the detection sensitivity according to different service types and real-time network quality. This may result in false alarms in highly sensitive services (such as financial transactions and online games) and untimely responses in low-sensitivity services (such as video streaming and voice). It cannot dynamically adjust the detection interval of BFD based on real-time network quality and performance data. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a method, apparatus, and system for adaptive adjustment of BFD detection threshold, which can solve the technical problem in the prior art that the detection sensitivity cannot be dynamically adjusted according to different service types and real-time network quality.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a BFD detection threshold adaptive adjustment method, applied to a network device, the method comprising: Configure the Connection Fault Management (CFM) function, establish at least one maintenance associated MA, and bind each MA to a service type; Link quality data of the link is periodically collected using maintenance endpoints (MEPs) deployed on the link; Based on the link quality data and the weights corresponding to the service types associated with each MA, the network quality score of the link is calculated; based on the network quality score, the bidirectional forwarding detection (BFD) threshold corresponding to the link is determined; based on the BFD detection threshold, the detection parameters of the BFD session are updated to perform fault detection on the link.

[0007] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the network device is an optical line terminal (OLT), and the link is a link between the OLT and the peer device.

[0008] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one implementation, configuring the connection fault management (CFM) function to establish at least one maintenance association (MA) includes: Create at least one maintenance domain (MD), create at least one maintenance association (MA) under each maintenance domain, configure a maintenance application program (MEP) for each MA, and deploy it on the ports of the network device and the peer device.

[0009] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one implementation, the service type includes at least one of VoIP / real-time calling, video, financial data, online gaming, and regular HTTP.

[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one implementation, the link quality data includes data values ​​corresponding to the following link quality indicators: packet loss rate, latency, and jitter.

[0011] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one implementation, the network quality score of the link is calculated based on the link quality data and the weights corresponding to the service types associated with each MA, including: The link quality data is normalized, and each data item in the link quality data is mapped to the [0,1] interval. According to the weight set by the service type, the normalized data is weighted and calculated to obtain the network quality score of the link.

[0012] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one implementation, determining the bidirectional forwarding detection (BFD) threshold corresponding to the link based on the network quality score includes: The BFD detection threshold is calculated based on the network quality score, the baseline detection period, and the preset adjustment coefficient. The higher the network quality score, the lower the BFD detection threshold; the lower the network quality score, the higher the BFD detection threshold.

[0013] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one implementation, after performing the link fault detection, the method further includes: if a link fault is detected, triggering a protection switching mechanism.

[0014] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a BFD detection threshold adaptive adjustment device, comprising: The configuration module is used to configure the CFM function, establish at least one MA, and bind each MA to a service type; The CFM acquisition module is used to periodically collect link quality data of the link using the MEP deployed on the link; The linkage module is used to calculate the network quality score of the link based on the link quality data and the weight corresponding to the service type associated with each MA; it is also used to determine the BFD detection threshold corresponding to the link based on the network quality score, and send the BFD detection threshold to the BFD module.

[0015] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a BFD detection threshold adaptive adjustment system, including a network device and a peer device. The network device includes a BFD module and the aforementioned BFD detection threshold adaptive adjustment device. The BFD module is used to receive the BFD detection threshold sent by the linkage module, update the detection parameters of the BFD session according to the BFD detection threshold, and perform fault detection of the link with the peer device.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in this application include: By configuring the CFM function, link quality data is periodically collected using MEPs deployed on the links. This data is then combined with the weights corresponding to the service type to calculate the link's network quality score, thereby dynamically determining the BFD detection threshold. This allows the BFD detection mechanism to adaptively adjust based on the real-time network quality, solving the problem of traditional solutions being unable to dynamically adjust the BFD detection interval according to different service types and real-time network quality. Shortening the detection interval when network quality deteriorates improves detection sensitivity, while widening the detection interval when network quality is good reduces protocol overhead. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of the BFD detection threshold adaptive adjustment method of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a BFD networking scenario according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the BFD detection threshold adaptive adjustment device of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the BFD detection threshold adaptive adjustment system of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a specific embodiment of the adaptive adjustment of the BFD detection threshold in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a method for adaptive adjustment of the BFD detection threshold.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, the BFD detection threshold adaptive adjustment method is applied to network devices. This method includes: A1: Configure the CFM (Connectivity Fault Management) function, establish at least one MA (Maintenance Association), and bind each MA to a service type.

[0022] A2: Periodically use MEP (Maintenance Association End Point) deployed on the link to collect link quality data.

[0023] A3: Calculate the network quality score of the link based on the link quality data and the weight of the service type associated with each MA; determine the BFD detection threshold for the link based on the network quality score; update the detection parameters of the BFD session based on the BFD detection threshold to perform fault detection on the link.

[0024] In this embodiment, by configuring the CFM function, link quality data of the links is periodically collected using MEPs deployed on the links. The network quality score of the link is calculated by combining the weights corresponding to the service type, thereby dynamically determining the BFD detection threshold. The BFD detection threshold is dynamically adjusted based on the link quality data from CFM and the service type. When network quality deteriorates, the detection interval is shortened to improve detection sensitivity; when network quality is good, the detection interval is widened to reduce protocol overhead. This solves the problem in traditional solutions that cannot dynamically adjust the BFD detection interval based on real-time network quality and performance data.

[0025] It is understandable that the above method applies to network devices that possess... The BFD detection threshold adaptive adjustment method is applied to the CFM function of network devices. The aforementioned link refers to the link between the network device with MEP deployed and the peer device. For ease of description, this embodiment of the invention will use an OLT (Optical Line Terminal) as the network device and the link between the OLT and the peer device as an example.

[0026] Furthermore, in one embodiment, step A1 above specifically includes the following configuration: On the OLT, using the ETHOAM CFM function, create at least one Maintenance Domain (MD), and under each MD, create at least one Management Object (MA). Each MA is bound to a specific service type. Configure a Management Execution Program (MEP) for each MA and deploy it on the ports of the OLT and the peer device. The aforementioned service types include at least one of VoIP / real-time calling, video, financial data, online gaming, and regular HTTP. Among these, VoIP / real-time calling, video, financial data, and online gaming are critical data services, with financial data and online gaming being highly sensitive services.

[0027] It is understood that ETHOAM (Ethernet Operations, Administration and Maintenance) is an operation, management and maintenance mechanism applied to Ethernet, mainly used to realize network link monitoring, fault detection and maintenance functions; the embodiment of this invention mainly uses the CFM function of ETHOAM.

[0028] In using the above method, A1 only needs to be configured at the beginning. In subsequent use, there is no need to reconfigure it each time; the configured functions can be applied directly.

[0029] like Figure 2The diagram illustrates a BFD networking scenario applicable to this embodiment. In this embodiment, the communication device is an OLT, and the peer device is a switch. The OLT and the switch are connected via optical fiber. Four MDs (MD1 to MD4) are created on the OLT, each MD is configured with an MA, and the MAs under the four MDs are MA1 to MA4. The MAs are associated with service VLANs, corresponding to VoIP / real-time calls, video, financial data, and ordinary HTTP services, respectively. The two uplink ports of the OLT are aggregated together, i.e., uplink ports 19:1 and 20:1, to create aggregation group 1. Four MEPs (MEP1-MEP4) are created on aggregation group 1, and MEP1-MEP4 correspond to MD1-MD4, respectively. Four BFD sessions are created based on aggregation group 1, and the BFD function is enabled. They are distinguished by VLANs, and each MA corresponds to a specific service. Configure the switch to Aggregation Group 1 as well, create four MEPs (MEP1-MEP4) on Aggregation Group 1, create four BFD sessions based on Aggregation Group 1 on the switch and enable the BFD function, distinguish them by VLAN, and correspond to the MA under MD1-MD4 respectively.

[0030] Furthermore, in step A2 above, based on the ITU-T Y.1731 protocol function of CFM, link quality data between the OLT and the peer equipment corresponding to different services' MEPs is periodically collected. The link quality data includes data values ​​corresponding to the following link quality indicators: packet loss rate, latency, and jitter. In addition to these three link quality indicators, other link quality indicators can be added according to actual conditions.

[0031] Further, in one embodiment, step A3 above, calculating the network quality score of the link based on the link quality data and the weights corresponding to the service types associated with each MA, includes: First, the data values ​​corresponding to the link quality indicators collected by the CFM ITU-T Y.1731 protocol function are normalized, mapping each data point in the link quality data to the interval [0, 1]. The normalization formula is as follows: Norm(x) = (1) Among them, the baseline value is the set ideal value. In this embodiment, the baseline value of packet loss rate is set to no packet loss under ideal conditions, that is, the packet loss rate is 0%; the baseline value of latency depends on the network baseline, and is usually taken as the minimum value of static test, such as latency of 0ms or the minimum latency of the service (e.g., 1ms); the baseline value of jitter is set to no change under ideal conditions, that is, 0ms.

[0032] The maximum value in formula (1) is the upper limit of the indicators allowed by the business. Exceeding this value means that the link quality can no longer meet the business requirements. Common reference values ​​are shown in Table 1: Table 1

[0033] Then, the normalized data is weighted to obtain the network quality score of the link. The weights are related to the sensitivity between services and can be allocated according to the degree of sensitivity. For services that are more sensitive to a certain link quality indicator, the weight corresponding to that link quality indicator is higher. In this embodiment, the specific relationship between the weight and the service type is shown in Table 2.

[0034] Table 2

[0035] Define the network quality score of the link as Q. score The calculation formula is as follows: = + + (2) in, As a weight for packet loss rate, For delay weighting, For jitter weighting. , and These are the normalized packet loss rate, latency, and jitter data values, respectively.

[0036] Q score The value ranges between 0 and 1. Theoretically, the closer the value is to 0, the better the network quality of the link. In standard cases, it is within 0.2.

[0037] Then, based on the obtained network quality score, the BFD detection threshold corresponding to this link is determined, and the calculation formula is as follows: (3) in, The threshold for BFD detection; The baseline detection period is α, for example, 300ms; α is an adjustment coefficient, representing the strength of the control detection interval's response to changes in link quality. This is reflected by a mapping function from link quality score to BFD detection interval and can be preset. For example, when α=2, Q... score When =1, The time interval is shortened to 100ms. Generally, with the adjustment coefficient set in advance, the higher the network quality score of the link, the worse the network quality, and the smaller the BFD detection threshold, indicating a shorter detection interval and more sensitive detection; the lower the network quality score of the link, the better the network quality, and the larger the BFD detection threshold, indicating a longer detection interval and lower overhead.

[0038] Finally, the calculated BFD detection threshold is sent to the BFD module to update the detection parameters of the BFD session in order to perform fault detection on the link.

[0039] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the BFD module performs link fault detection based on the updated BFD detection threshold. If a link fault is detected, a protection switching mechanism is triggered to ensure service continuity.

[0040] In this embodiment, the ITU-T Y.1731 protocol function of the CFM function module deployed on the OLT is used to obtain data values ​​corresponding to several link quality indicators such as packet loss rate, latency, and jitter between the OLT device and the switch. By normalizing these data values, the adjusted BFD detection threshold is calculated by the algorithm. The network quality, service type and BFD detection threshold are linked to achieve the purpose of flexibly adjusting the BFD detection threshold according to the network quality and the type of service carried.

[0041] Secondly, such as Figure 3 As shown, this application provides an embodiment of a BFD detection threshold adaptive adjustment device, which includes a configuration module, a CFM acquisition module, and a linkage module.

[0042] The configuration module is used to configure the CFM function, establish at least one MA, and bind each MA to a service type. In this embodiment, at least one MD is created on the OLT using the ETHOAM CFM function, and at least one MA management object is created under each MD, with each MA bound to a service type. A MEP is configured for each MA and deployed on the ports of the OLT and the peer device.

[0043] The CFM acquisition module is used to periodically collect link quality data using MEPs deployed on the link; The linkage module is used to calculate the network quality score of the link based on the link quality data and the weight of the service type associated with each MA; it is also used to determine the BFD detection threshold corresponding to the link based on the network quality score, and send the BFD detection threshold to the BFD module.

[0044] The functions of each module in the BFD detection threshold adaptive adjustment device correspond to the steps in the BFD detection threshold adaptive adjustment method embodiment, and their functions and implementation processes will not be described in detail here.

[0045] Thirdly, this application provides a BFD detection threshold adaptive adjustment system, including a network device and a peer device. The network device includes a BFD module and the BFD detection threshold adaptive adjustment device described in the above embodiments. The BFD module is used to receive the BFD detection threshold sent by the linkage module, update the detection parameters of the BFD session according to the BFD detection threshold, and perform fault detection of the link with the peer device.

[0046] like Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the network device is an OLT, which communicates with the peer device through a switching chip. Since the configuration module initially configures the CFM function, the CFM acquisition module can directly collect link quality data, including packet loss rate, latency, and jitter data values, through the switching chip each cycle. Generally, configuration is not required each time. Figure 4 The configuration module is not shown. The packet loss rate, latency, and jitter data values ​​acquired by the linkage module are normalized to calculate the network quality score of the link, and then the BFD detection threshold is calculated. This calculated BFD detection threshold is then sent to the BFD module. The BFD module updates its detection parameters and performs fault detection on the link with the peer device based on this BFD detection threshold. It is understood that the BFD detection threshold is in the millisecond range, and BFD functionality is typically implemented on an FPGA to achieve high-frequency packet transmission.

[0047] like Figure 5 As shown, a specific implementation process is used to explain in detail the adaptive adjustment method of BFD detection threshold. Taking critical data business as an example, the specific steps are as follows: S1: On the OLT, enable the ITU-T Y.1731 protocol function of CFM in ETHOAM, create MD2, create MA2 under MD2, and associate it with VLAN200; create MEP2 on aggregation group 1 and enable the node.

[0048] S2: Enable the ITU-T Y.1731 protocol function of CFM on the switch, create MD2, manage MA2 under MD2 and associate it with VLAN200, create MEP2 on aggregation group 1 and enable the node.

[0049] It is understandable that the order of steps S1 and S2 can be interchanged, and steps S1 and S2 can also be performed simultaneously.

[0050] S3: Enable BFD on both the OLT and the switch. By default, the detection threshold for a BFD session is 100ms. .

[0051] S4: Determine whether the BFD session between the OLT and the switch has been established. If yes, enable periodic testing of the connectivity of the link between the OLT and the switch, and proceed to S5; otherwise, end.

[0052] S5: The OLT runs a timer that recalculates the BFD detection period every 5 minutes, i.e., readjusts the BFD detection threshold every 5 minutes. It then checks if the timer has timed out. If so, the timer expires and proceeds to S6; otherwise, the timer in S5 continues running. It is understood that 5 minutes is a set value in this embodiment, which can be adjusted according to network configuration and customer needs.

[0053] S6: Obtain data values ​​corresponding to packet loss rate, latency, and jitter through the ITU-T Y.1731 function of CFM.

[0054] S7: Use a normalization formula to normalize packet loss, latency, and jitter. For example, after normalization, the packet loss data is 0.5, the latency is 0.8, and the jitter is 0.6.

[0055] S8: Set the adjustment coefficient α=2, and obtain the network quality Q of the link through weighted calculation. score =0.64, according to the formula The BFD detection threshold was calculated. =43.8 indicates that the network quality is poor at this time, and the detection frequency of BFD needs to be increased.

[0056] S9: Send a message to notify the BFD module that the latest BFD detection threshold is 43.8ms. The BFD module will start link connectivity detection according to the latest detection threshold of 43.8ms. Once a fault is detected, the fault will be reported immediately and the corresponding data will be switched to the backup link.

[0057] It should be noted that the sequence numbers of the embodiments in this application are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0058] The terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to such process, method, product, or apparatus. The terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are used to distinguish different objects, etc., and do not indicate a sequence, nor do they limit "first," "second," and "third" to different types.

[0059] In the description of the embodiments of this application, terms such as "exemplary," "for example," or "for instance" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary," "for example," or "for instance" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of terms such as "exemplary," "for example," or "for instance" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a concrete manner.

[0060] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, " / " means "or". For example, A / B can mean A or B. The "and / or" in the text is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, in the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more.

[0061] In some processes described in the embodiments of this application, multiple operations or steps are included in a specific order. However, it should be understood that these operations or steps may not be executed in the order they appear in the embodiments of this application, or they may be executed in parallel. The sequence number of the operation is only used to distinguish different operations, and the sequence number itself does not represent any execution order. In addition, these processes may include more or fewer operations, and these operations or steps may be executed sequentially or in parallel, and these operations or steps may be combined.

[0062] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) as described above, and includes several instructions to cause a terminal device to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.

[0063] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and do not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made using the content of this application's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for adaptive adjustment of BFD detection threshold, characterized in that, Applied to network devices, the method includes: Configure the Connection Fault Management (CFM) function, establish at least one maintenance associated MA, and bind each MA to a service type; Link quality data of the link is periodically collected using maintenance endpoints (MEPs) deployed on the link; Based on the link quality data and the weights corresponding to the service types associated with each MA, the network quality score of the link is calculated; based on the network quality score, the bidirectional forwarding detection (BFD) threshold corresponding to the link is determined; based on the BFD detection threshold, the detection parameters of the BFD session are updated to perform fault detection on the link.

2. The BFD detection threshold adaptive adjustment method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The network device is an optical line terminal (OLT), and the link is the link between the OLT and the peer device.

3. The BFD detection threshold adaptive adjustment method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The configuration connects to the fault management (CFM) function, establishing at least one maintenance association (MA), including: Create at least one maintenance domain (MD), create at least one maintenance association (MA) under each maintenance domain, configure a maintenance application program (MEP) for each MA, and deploy it on the ports of the network device and the peer device.

4. The BFD detection threshold adaptive adjustment method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The service types include at least one of VoIP / real-time calling, video, financial data, online games, and regular HTTP.

5. The BFD detection threshold adaptive adjustment method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The link quality data includes the data values ​​corresponding to the following link quality indicators: packet loss rate, latency, and jitter.

6. The BFD detection threshold adaptive adjustment method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the link quality data and the weights corresponding to the service types associated with each MA, the network quality score of the link is calculated, including: The link quality data is normalized, and each data item in the link quality data is mapped to the [0,1] interval. According to the weight set by the service type, the normalized data is weighted and calculated to obtain the network quality score of the link.

7. The BFD detection threshold adaptive adjustment method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the network quality score, the bidirectional forwarding detection (BFD) threshold for the corresponding link is determined, including: The BFD detection threshold is calculated based on the network quality score, the baseline detection period, and the preset adjustment coefficient. The higher the network quality score, the lower the BFD detection threshold; the lower the network quality score, the higher the BFD detection threshold.

8. The BFD detection threshold adaptive adjustment method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, After performing the link fault detection, the method further includes: if a link fault is detected, triggering a protection switching mechanism.

9. A BFD detection threshold adaptive adjustment device, characterized in that, include: The configuration module is used to configure the CFM function, establish at least one MA, and bind each MA to a service type; The CFM acquisition module is used to periodically collect link quality data of the link using the MEP deployed on the link; The linkage module is used to calculate the network quality score of the link based on the link quality data and the weight corresponding to the service type associated with each MA; It is also used to determine the BFD detection threshold corresponding to the link based on the network quality score, and send the BFD detection threshold to the BFD module.

10. A BFD detection threshold adaptive adjustment system, comprising a network device and a peer device, characterized in that: The network device includes a BFD module and a BFD detection threshold adaptive adjustment device as described in claim 9. The BFD module is used to receive the BFD detection threshold sent by the linkage module, update the detection parameters of the BFD session according to the BFD detection threshold, and perform fault detection of the link with the peer device.

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