Fastening device for the active parts of a traction motor, stator for a traction motor, and motor vehicle

Abstract

The present invention relates to a fixing device (10) for an effective component (12) of a traction motor, the fixing device being configured to fix and seal a conductor (20) arranged in a corresponding slot (16) of the effective component (12) in the corresponding slot (16), wherein the fixing device (10) has a hollow cylindrical base (24) on the outside of the base having a plurality of spring elements (26) arranged on the outside of the base, the spring elements being configured to fix the conductor (20) in the corresponding slot (16) by abutting against a corresponding radially innermost conductor (22) in the corresponding slot (16) and radially inwardly sealing the slot (16).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a fixing device for an effective component of a traction motor, an effective component for a traction motor, and a motor vehicle having a traction motor. Background Technology

[0002] A slot wedge for closing a slot in an electric motor is known from DE102019214293A1. This slot wedge is a closing element for closing a slot with a radial receiving portion, the slot configuration being for accommodating an electrical conductor configured as a winding.

[0003] Furthermore, an effective component for fluid cooling of an electric motor is known from EP3433920B1, wherein the effective component is designed to be generally cylindrical or hollow cylindrical. The effective component has axially extending slots and at least one electrical conductor, which is arranged at least segmentally in the respective slots and consists of a plurality of sub-conductors. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The objective of this invention is to provide a solution that enables conductors to be secured particularly simply and securely in the respective slots of the effective components.

[0005] According to the present invention, this task is accomplished by the technical solution of the independent claim. Other possible designs of the invention are disclosed in the dependent claims, the specification, and the drawings. Features, advantages, and possible designs set forth within the scope of the specification for one of the technical solutions of the independent claim can be at least similarly regarded as corresponding technical solutions of other independent claims, and features, advantages, and possible designs of each possible combination of the technical solutions of the independent claims, and, if necessary, combined with one or more dependent claims.

[0006] This invention relates to a fixing device for an effective component of a traction motor. The traction motor can be configured, in particular, for driving a motor vehicle. The effective component can be, in particular, the stator or rotor of the traction motor, wherein the rotor can rotate relative to the stator about a rotation axis during operation. The fixing device is configured to fix conductors arranged in corresponding slots of the effective component in the corresponding slots and seal these slots. In other words, the effective component can include an effective component core (e.g., made of laminated assemblies) having multiple slots. These slots can be configured to be open toward a cavity radially centrally arranged and radially surrounded by the effective component core. Furthermore, the corresponding slots can extend in their longitudinal direction along the axial direction of the effective component core. Here, these slots can be designed to be open toward the cavity along their entire axially extending length. The effective component can also include multiple conductors extending axially through the corresponding slots. The conductors can be, for example, so-called hairpin-leiters. The corresponding conductors can be directly surrounded by a cooling fluid, particularly a coolant, within the slots. By sealing the corresponding slots with a fixing device, especially sealing the cavity radially surrounded by the effective component core, undesirable leakage of cooling fluid, especially coolant, into the cavity of the effective component can be prevented. Therefore, particularly reliable cooling of the conductor can be achieved using cooling fluid, especially coolant.

[0007] The fixing device is specified to have a hollow cylindrical base with multiple spring elements arranged on its outer side. These spring elements are configured to fix the conductors in the corresponding slots and seal them radially inward by abutting against the corresponding radially innermost conductors in the corresponding slots. In other words, by abutting the corresponding spring elements against the respective radially innermost conductors in the corresponding slots, all conductors arranged in the corresponding slots are loaded by the radially outward force of the spring elements, thereby pressing all conductors in the corresponding slots together radially, and additionally against the slot walls that define the slots radially outward, thus fixing the conductors in the corresponding slots. Therefore, by abutting the corresponding spring elements of the fixing device against the conductors radially closest to the central axis of the effective component in the corresponding slots, the fixing device can simultaneously press and fix all conductors in the corresponding slots of the effective component together radially. Thus, the fixing device can achieve particularly simple conductor fixing and additionally achieve a radial seal of the cavity of the effective component in the corresponding slots.

[0008] In one possible extension of the invention, the shape and / or spring stiffness of the corresponding spring element are selected based on the predetermined clamping action to be achieved in the corresponding slot for the conductor. In other words, the design of the spring element can be selected based on the number of conductors arranged in the corresponding slot or the ratio of the cross-sectional area of ​​the conductors arranged in the slot to the cross-sectional area of ​​the slot. The clamping action required to fix the conductors in the corresponding slot, generated by the corresponding spring element associated with that slot, can be determined based on the number of conductors arranged in the corresponding slot or the cross-sectional area ratio. Therefore, by designing the corresponding spring element in terms of its geometry and / or spring stiffness, when the fixing device is used as the effective component to fix the corresponding conductor in the slot, it is possible to: reliably fix the conductor in the corresponding slot by means of the fixing device and prevent relative movement of the corresponding conductor in the slot when the fixing device is used as intended by introducing a clamping action.

[0009] In another possible design of the invention, at least one of the spring elements is configured as a bow-shaped spring. A bow-shaped spring has a bow-like shape. For example, a bow-shaped spring can be made by bending a metal wire. A bow-shaped element is a more or less curved, slender object. The spring element is an elastically deformable element. By establishing a spring force in the respective spring element, the spring element secures the conductors in the corresponding slot by pressing the conductors together. Designing the respective spring element as a bow-shaped spring allows for a particularly simple and robust design of the spring element.

[0010] In another possible design of the invention, at least one of the spring elements is made of a metallic material and / or the substrate is made of plastic. Spring elements made of metallic material are particularly stable and thus provide a way to reliably press the corresponding conductors, which are arranged together in the slots, together against each other and thereby fix them in the respective slots. The design using a plastic substrate allows for a particularly lightweight design. Furthermore, based on the design using a plastic substrate, the respective spring elements can be electrically insulated relative to each other, thereby particularly well preventing current from flowing from one spring element to another and thus preventing short circuits in the active components through the fixing device.

[0011] In this context, it is particularly permissible to specify that the at least one spring element made of metallic material is encapsulated with a plastic coating or injection molding. Here, the at least one spring element can be encapsulated with plastic, thereby constructing a particularly secure electrical insulation. Therefore, the risk of short circuits caused by the fixing device is particularly low. Coating the respective spring element with plastic allows for a particularly uniform plastic layer thickness across the entire surface of the respective spring element. This allows for electrical insulation of the respective spring element with particularly low plastic material consumption. Injection molding encapsulation of the at least one spring element with plastic enables a particularly reliable and complete encapsulation of the spring element, thereby providing particularly secure electrical insulation.

[0012] In an alternative possible embodiment of the invention, at least one of the spring elements may be made of plastic and / or the substrate may be made of plastic. Here, the at least one spring element and the substrate may be made of the same plastic or different plastics. The design option of making the at least one spring element of plastic allows for a particularly lightweight construction and an electrically insulating construction. Therefore, the risk of short circuits in the effective components caused by the spring element is particularly low. The design option of making the substrate of plastic allows for particularly simple manufacturing of the substrate and a particularly lightweight design.

[0013] The present invention also relates to an effective component for a traction motor having a hollow cylindrical effective component core with a plurality of slots. These slots are respectively constructed to open toward a radially centrally arranged cavity radially surrounded by the effective component core and extend longitudinally along the axial direction of the effective component core. The effective component core may, for example, be composed of laminations. The effective component also has a plurality of conductors extending axially through the respective slots. Furthermore, the effective component includes a fixing device as described in conjunction with a fixing device according to the invention. This fixing device is arranged in the cavity of the effective component core and abuts its outer side against the inner side of the radially inwardly enclosing cavity of the effective component core. Thus, the respective spring elements of the fixing device abut against the radially innermost conductor of the slot corresponding to the respective spring element, thereby pressing all conductors in the respective slot together radially. The spring elements can apply a spring force radially from the inside out and thus from the cavity radially outward to the respective conductor against which the spring element abuts, thereby pressing all conductors in the respective slot together radially. Since all spring elements are held on the base of the fixing device, the fixing device can simultaneously position all spring elements relative to the active component. Therefore, the spring elements can be placed very easily onto their respective assigned conductors. This eliminates the need for tedious individual positioning of each spring element. Furthermore, the base can cover, and in particular seal, all slots in the active component core radially towards the cavity. This effectively prevents cooling fluid, especially coolant, from flowing out of the slots radially. Therefore, the fixing device can not only form the closed ends of the corresponding slots radially inward and thus towards the cavity, but also fix the corresponding conductors in the slots of the active component core.

[0014] In this context, it can be specifically stipulated that the fixing device has at least one spring element for each slot, and in particular at least two spring elements arranged sequentially in the axial direction for each slot. This means that, since the fixing device has at least one spring element for each slot, all conductors in all slots of the effective component core are fixed by means of the fixing device. Thus, for each slot of the effective component core, at least one spring element rests against the conductor arranged radially innermost, thereby fixing all conductors in each slot by means of the fixing device through radially pressing the corresponding conductors in each slot together. If the fixing device includes multiple spring elements arranged sequentially in the axial direction on the outside of the base and belonging to the same slot, the conductor arranged radially innermost and therefore closest to the cavity in that slot can be loaded with spring force at multiple locations in its longitudinal extension direction. Therefore, this conductor can be pressed radially outward in a particularly uniform manner over its entire axial length and thus pressed against other conductors arranged in that slot. Therefore, particularly uniform fixing of all conductors in the corresponding slot over its entire axial length can be achieved.

[0015] In another possible design of the invention, the base of the fixing device is specified to rest against the inner side of the radially inwardly enclosed cavity of the effective component core without any gap. By resting the base of the fixing device against the inner side of the effective component core without any gap, a large area of ​​the base can be abutted against the entire inner side of the effective component core, and there is no radially extending gap between the inner side of the effective component core and the base. This allows for a reliable radially inwardly sealing of the corresponding groove of the effective component core towards the cavity by means of the fixing device, especially by means of the base.

[0016] The present invention also relates to a motor vehicle having a traction motor comprising at least one effective component described in conjunction with an effective component according to the invention. The traction motor is particularly configured to drive the motor vehicle by means of electrical energy, particularly by means of electrical energy provided by the motor vehicle's traction battery. The motor vehicle is particularly an automobile, and especially a passenger car.

[0017] Further features of the invention can be derived from the claims, drawings, and description of the drawings. The features and combinations thereof mentioned above in the specification, as well as the features and combinations thereof shown separately in the description of the drawings and / or the drawings below, may be used not only in the given combinations, but also in other combinations or individually, without departing from the scope of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The attached image is as follows:

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic perspective view showing the fixing device for the effective components of the traction motor; and

[0020] Figure 2 A partial schematic cross-sectional view of the effective component with a fixing device is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0021] In the accompanying drawings, identical and functionally identical elements are given the same reference numerals.

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic perspective view shows a fixing device 10 for an effective component of a traction motor (currently the stator 12). Figure 2 The stator 12 is shown partially in a schematic cross-sectional view. The stator 12 may be part of a traction motor configured to drive a motor vehicle by means of electrical energy. For this purpose, the traction motor may also include a rotor in addition to the stator 12, which can rotate relative to the stator 12 about an axis of rotation during operation. The stator 12 includes an effective component core configured as a stator core 14, which is currently formed by laminations. The stator core 14 has a plurality of slots 16 extending over its entire length along an axial direction A of the stator 12. Figure 2 The stator core 14 extends into the plane of the drawing. In the current design, the stator core 14 is a hollow cylinder, which should be understood as the stator core 14 radially surrounding the cavity 18.

[0023] The corresponding slot 16 is constructed to face the cavity 18 and therefore to be radially open inward, as in Figure 2 This is particularly clearly visible. Multiple conductors 20 are arranged in each slot 16, arranged sequentially in the radial direction R. For clarity, only individual conductors 20 are given their respective reference numerals. Since the corresponding conductors 20 are arranged sequentially in the corresponding slot 16 in the radial direction R, each slot 16 has a radially innermost conductor 20, which is arranged in the radial direction R closest to the cavity 18 in the corresponding slot 16, and this radially innermost conductor is hereinafter indicated by reference numeral 22. To secure the corresponding conductors 20 in their respective assigned slots 16, it is stipulated that the respective radially innermost conductors 20 in each slot 16 are pressed radially outward, thereby pressing all conductors 20 within a slot 16 together and thus fixing them relative to each other and with respect to their position within the slot 16. Applying a force acting in the radial direction R to the respective radially innermost conductors 22 is achieved by a fixing device 10. The fixing device 10 includes a hollow cylindrical base 24, which is currently made of plastic. Furthermore, the fixing device 10 includes a plurality of spring elements 26 arranged radially outward of the base 24. For clarity, Figure 1Only individual spring elements 26 are provided with their respective reference numerals. Spring elements 26, like the base 24, can be made of plastic; the spring elements 26 and the base 24 can be made of the same plastic or different plastics. Alternatively, spring elements 26 can be made of metal, especially in a bow-shaped configuration. If the fixing device 10 includes spring elements 26 made of metal, these spring elements 26 can be electrically insulated using an electrically insulating plastic coating or injection molding. (See figure...) Figure 2 As can be seen, the fixing device 10 has at least one spring element 26 for each slot 16. In order to fix the respective conductors 20 in their respective slots 16, the fixing device 10 is arranged in the cavity 18 and at least one spring element 26 is placed against each radially innermost conductor 22 from the radial interior, thereby pressing the radially innermost conductor 22 radially outward by means of the respective spring element 26 and thereby pressing the conductors 20 arranged in a slot 16 together.

[0024] The axial direction A of the stator 12 coincides with the axial direction A of the fixing device 10. The axial direction A extends parallel to the central axis of the stator 12 and parallel to the central axis of the base 24. The radial direction R is perpendicular to the axial direction A.

[0025] To ensure uniform compression of the corresponding conductor 20 within a slot 16 along its entire axial length A, the fixing device 10 may have multiple spring elements 26 for each slot 16. These multiple spring elements 26, belonging to the same slot 16, are sequentially arranged on the base 24 along the axial direction A. Figure 1 This is particularly evident in the text. It can be specified that the shape of the corresponding spring element 26 and / or the spring stiffness of the corresponding spring element 26 are selected based on the predetermined clamping action to be achieved by the conductor 20 in the corresponding slot 16. For example, in... Figure 2 As can also be seen, the base 24 of the fixing device 10 is fitted without gap against the inner side 28 of the radially inwardly enclosed cavity 18 of the stator core 14. Thus, the corresponding slots 16 are radially inwardly sealed by the base 24. The fixing device 10 is therefore a combined component for sealing the corresponding slots 16 and securing the conductors 20 within them. Currently, the base 24 is designed to be tubular, such that when the base 24 is arranged in the cavity 18, all slots 16 and the entire inner side 28 of the stator core 14 are radially inwardly covered by the base 24.

[0026] By introducing the tubular base 24 into the cavity 18, a sealing effect can be achieved in the corresponding slot 16 for the channel leading to the cooling medium near the conductor, especially towards the rotor cavity. This rotor cavity is specifically arranged in the cavity 18. In other words, when the stator 12 is used in a traction motor as specified, the rotor is arranged within the cavity 18 and is therefore radially outwardly covered by the stator 12 in at least one axial length region. The clamping effect of the conductor 20 in the corresponding slot 16 can be achieved by using a spring-like object (currently spring element 26). The combination of the spring element 26 and the tubular base 24 allows for both sealing and conductor clamping by means of the fixing device 10. Since all the spring elements 26 are held on the base 24, the spring elements 26 can be operated particularly simply, as the fixing device 10 can be installed as a single component to achieve the above-mentioned effects. Simple tolerance compensation can be made for the stator core 14 and the conductor 20 through the elastic action of the spring element 26. By changing the spring shape of the corresponding spring element 26 (thereby adjusting the spring constant of the corresponding spring element 26), the spring force applied to the corresponding groove 16 acting radially outward in the radial direction R can also be adjusted. Therefore, by changing the spring shape of the corresponding spring element 26, the clamping action on the conductor 20 can be adjusted. Since the conductor clamping, or rather the fixing of the conductor 20, is achieved by means of the fixing device 10, the resin dripping required for fixing the conductor 20 in the corresponding groove 16 can be eliminated, thereby avoiding undesirable filling of the cooling channel geometry in the area of ​​the conductor 20.

[0027] In summary, the present invention demonstrates how to provide a component for fixing the conductors of a stator 12 of a traction motor, namely, fixing device 10.

[0028] List of reference numerals

[0029] 10 Fixing devices

[0030] 12 stators

[0031] 14 stator core

[0032] 16 slots

[0033] 18 cavity

[0034] 20 conductors

[0035] 22 innermost radial conductor

[0036] 24 matrix

[0037] 26 Spring Elements

[0038] 28 inner side

[0039] Axial direction

[0040] R radial direction

Claims

1. A fixing device (10) for an effective component (12) of a traction motor, the fixing device being configured to fix a conductor (20) arranged in a corresponding slot (16) of the effective component (12) in the corresponding slot (16) and seal the slot (16), wherein, The fixing device (10) has a hollow cylindrical base (24) on the outside of the base, and a plurality of spring elements (26) are arranged on the outside of the base. The plurality of spring elements are configured to fix the conductor (20) in the groove (16) and seal the groove (16) radially inward by abutting against the conductor (22) arranged radially inner in the corresponding groove (16).

2. The fixing device (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shape of the corresponding spring element (26) and / or the spring stiffness of the corresponding spring element (26) are selected according to the predetermined clamping action to be achieved by the conductor (20) in the corresponding slot (16).

3. The fixing device (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, At least one of the spring elements (26) is constructed as a bow spring.

4. The fixing device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, At least one of the spring elements (26) is made of a metallic material and / or the base (24) is made of plastic.

5. The fixing device (10) according to claim 4, characterized in that, The at least one spring element (26) made of metallic material is encapsulated with a plastic coating or injection molding.

6. The fixing device (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, At least one of the spring elements (26) is made of plastic and / or the base (24) is made of plastic.

7. An effective component (12) for a traction motor, the effective component having a hollow cylindrical effective component core (14) having a plurality of slots (16) respectively open toward a radially centrally arranged cavity (18) radially surrounded by the effective component core (14) and extending in its longitudinal direction along the axial direction (A) of the effective component core (14); the effective component having a plurality of conductors (20) extending along the axial direction (A) through the corresponding slots (16); and the The effective component has a fixing device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, the fixing device being arranged in the cavity (18) and abutting against the inner side (28) of the effective component core (14) that radially closes the cavity (18), whereby the corresponding spring element (26) of the fixing device (10) rests against the innermost radial conductor (22) of the slot (16) belonging to the corresponding spring element (26), thereby pressing all conductors (20) in the corresponding slot (16) together in the radial direction (R).

8. The effective component according to claim 7, characterized in that, The fixing device (10) has at least one spring element (26) for each slot (16), and in particular, at least two spring elements (26) arranged successively in the axial direction (A) for each slot (16).

9. The effective component according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The base (24) of the fixing device (10) is attached without gap to the inner side (28) of the cavity (18) that is radially inwardly closed by the effective component core (14).

10. A motor vehicle having a traction motor, said traction motor comprising at least one effective component (12) according to any one of claims 7 to 9.

Images