A hot-air furnace for biomass pellets

Abstract

The application discloses a hot blast furnace for biomass particles and belongs to the technical field of hot blast furnaces. The hot blast furnace comprises a shell, a hearth is arranged in the shell, a feeding port and an air inlet are sequentially arranged on the side wall of the hearth from top to bottom, a partition plate is horizontally and fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the hearth, the partition plate is provided with a mounting hole penetrating through the partition plate, a servo motor drives a scraper to move, and the scraper scrapes the surface of a supporting plate during the movement of the scraper, so that the ash accumulated on the surface of the supporting plate can be pushed and spread, the probability that the ash naturally passes through the ash discharging port and falls is increased, the ash is prevented from being left on the surface of the supporting plate to cause coking, the ash discharging port is prevented from being blocked, the combustion-supporting gas under the supporting plate can pass through the ash discharging port and enter a combustion zone to burn, the thermal efficiency of the hot blast furnace is ensured, the biomass particles accumulated together can be dispersed during the movement of the scraper, and the area of the biomass particles exposed to the outside is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hot air furnace technology, and more specifically, to a hot air furnace for biomass pellets. Background Technology

[0002] In response to the national call for energy conservation and environmental protection and to realize the resource utilization of agricultural waste, we are now strongly advocating the use of biomass pellets as fuel for hot air furnaces to replace traditional high-pollution energy sources such as coal.

[0003] However, in the practical application of existing technologies, the operational stability of biomass hot air furnaces faces severe challenges. In particular, when using agricultural waste such as straw and rice husks as fuel, the high content of alkali metal elements such as potassium (K) and sodium (Na) leads to a significant decrease in the melting point of the fuel ash.

[0004] Under high-temperature combustion conditions, once the local temperature in the furnace exceeds the softening temperature of ash (usually between 800℃ and 1000℃), the ash will transform from a solid state into a molten liquid or semi-liquid state. These high-temperature viscous fluids easily adhere to the grate or furnace wall, and with temperature fluctuations or contact with low-temperature components, they rapidly cool and solidify into hard coke slag (i.e., coking).

[0005] Hardened coke residue can cover and block the grate ventilation holes, obstructing the flow of combustion air, which in turn leads to insufficient oxygen supply and incomplete combustion, causing a sharp drop in the thermal efficiency of the hot blast stove.

[0006] To address this, a hot air furnace for biomass pellets is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a hot air furnace for biomass pellets, which can simultaneously achieve scraping and blowing by utilizing the power of an electric motor and a thermal auxiliary mechanism.

[0008] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0009] A hot air furnace for biomass pellets includes a shell; The shell contains a furnace chamber; The side wall of the furnace is provided with a feed inlet and an air inlet from top to bottom; A partition plate is horizontally fixed on the inner wall of the furnace. The partition plate has a through hole. A support plate is installed on the side wall opposite to the mounting hole. The support plate is inclined and multiple support plates are stacked on top of each other to form a layered structure. A scraper is horizontally slidably installed in the mounting holes. Each support plate is perpendicular to the scraper surface. The scraper has evenly spaced holes that correspond to the positions of the support plates and are matched in number. Each support plate passes through a corresponding hole, allowing the scraper to be movably fitted onto the support plate through the holes. The furnace chamber is equipped with a reciprocating screw, and a slider is threaded onto the reciprocating screw. The sidewall of the slider is fixedly connected to the scraper; A servo motor for driving the reciprocating lead screw is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the housing. Furthermore, the housing is equipped with a thermal auxiliary mechanism to assist the rotation of the reciprocating lead screw; The scraper has a flow guide cavity, and the side wall of the flow guide cavity has evenly inclined air holes that match the surface of the support plate. The furnace is equipped with a gas supply mechanism for supplying gas to the flow guide cavity.

[0010] Furthermore, a heat insulation cover is fixedly fitted on the side wall of the slider, and heat insulation pipes are fixedly installed on the side walls opposite to the heat insulation cover. The end of each heat insulation pipe away from the heat insulation cover is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the furnace, and the heat insulation pipe is fitted on the reciprocating screw. Furthermore, the housing is equipped with a rotating mechanism for driving the reciprocating lead screw to rotate.

[0011] Furthermore, the thermal auxiliary mechanism includes a movable cavity formed on the side wall of the housing, a rotating rod rotatably inserted into the side wall of the movable cavity, a disc fixedly sleeved on the rotating rod, and the side wall of the disc fitting against the side wall of the movable cavity; a heat dissipation hole communicating with the outside is formed on the side wall of the movable cavity, the heat dissipation hole is fan-shaped, and the heat dissipation hole is offset to one side of the vertical axis of symmetry of the movable cavity. One end of the rotating rod is fixedly connected to the shaft of the reciprocating lead screw; The disk has evenly spaced mounting grooves that penetrate the side wall of the disk and are evenly distributed around the center of the disk. A memory alloy wire is fixedly installed at the end of the mounting slot near the rotating rod, and a counterweight is fixedly installed at the end of the memory alloy wire away from the rotating rod. Furthermore, the disc is made of insulating material; The sidewall of the movable cavity is provided with grooves; the grooves and heat dissipation holes are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the vertical axis of the movable cavity; Furthermore, a heat-conducting rod is fixedly embedded on the shell, with its two ends located on the surface of the furnace chamber and the surface of the groove, respectively.

[0012] Furthermore, the insulation pipe includes a first metal corrugated pipe and an insulation sleeve; both the insulation sleeve and the insulation cover are made of ceramic fiber blanket; The first metal bellows is sleeved outside the reciprocating screw, and the ceramic fiber blanket is sleeved outside the first metal bellows.

[0013] Furthermore, the gas supply mechanism includes a second metal corrugated pipe sleeved on the outside of the ceramic fiber blanket, and the sealed space formed between the first metal corrugated pipe, the second metal corrugated pipe, the inner wall of the furnace and the outer wall of the insulation cover is a cavity. An inlet valve and an exhaust valve are embedded in the side wall of the cavity. The input end of the inlet valve is connected to the space below the support plate in the furnace, and the output end of the exhaust valve extends into the guide cavity. Both the inlet valve and the exhaust valve are one-way valves.

[0014] Furthermore, levers are evenly fixedly installed on the top wall of the scraper.

[0015] Furthermore, a third metal bellows is fixedly installed on the output end of the exhaust valve, and the top end of the third metal bellows extends into the flow guide cavity.

[0016] Furthermore, the pores are funnel-shaped, and the diameter of the end of the pore furthest from the guide cavity is larger than the diameter of the end of the pore closest to the guide cavity; A spring is fixedly installed on the side wall of the air hole, and an impact block is fixedly installed on the end of the spring.

[0017] Furthermore, the surface of the impact block is provided with non-uniformly distributed guide grooves.

[0018] Furthermore, the shell includes a metal outer shell and an insulation layer. The furnace, exhaust chamber and heating chamber are all located in the insulation layer, and the movable cavity is opened on the insulation layer. The outer shell is provided with through holes that communicate with the heat dissipation holes.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) This scheme sets up a mutually cooperating scraper, servo motor and thermal auxiliary mechanism, with the servo motor providing power to drive the reciprocating screw to rotate. When the furnace temperature is too high, the shape memory alloy wire in the thermal auxiliary mechanism is heated and elongated, changing the weight distribution and generating auxiliary torque, thereby reducing the load of the servo motor and achieving energy saving. At the same time, during the scraper movement, the scraper scrapes the surface of the support plate, thereby pushing and flattening the ash accumulated on the surface of the support plate, thereby increasing the probability of the ash falling naturally through the ash discharge port, preventing the ash residue on the surface of the support plate from coking, that is, preventing the ash discharge port from being blocked, and ensuring that the combustion gas under the support plate can pass through the ash discharge port into the combustion zone for combustion, thus ensuring the thermal efficiency of the hot air furnace. In addition, during the scraper movement, it can break up the biomass pellets that are piled up together, thereby increasing the exposed area of ​​the biomass pellets and ensuring that the biomass pellets can be fully burned during the combustion process.

[0020] (2) In this scheme, the guide cavity and the gas supply mechanism work together. The gas supply mechanism provides gas to the guide cavity, which then exhausts gas through the vents. The gas discharged from the vents blows onto the surface of the support plate. Because the support plate is inclined, the airflow changes direction when it comes into contact with the support plate. Part of the airflow flows upward along the surface of the support plate and into the combustion zone, providing combustion-supporting gas to the combustion zone and ensuring that the biomass pellets can be fully combusted. Part of the airflow flows downward along the support plate, accelerating the rate at which ash on the surface of the support plate passes through the ash discharge port and reducing the probability of ash coking. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the housing of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point A; Figure 4 This is a front cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the heat dissipation holes and through holes of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the location and structure of the heat dissipation holes in the present invention; Figure 7 This is a front view of the disk structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the reciprocating lead screw and the rotating rod of the present invention; Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 Enlarged structural diagram at point B; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the position and structure of the groove and heat dissipation hole in this invention.

[0022] Explanation of the labels in the diagram: 1. Shell; 101. Outer shell; 102. Insulation layer; 2. Furnace chamber; 3. Smoke chamber; 4. Smoke pipe; 5. Smoke outlet; 6. Heating chamber; 7. Air inlet; 8. Air outlet; 9. Feed inlet; 10. Air inlet; 11. Baffle plate; 12. Support plate; 13. Scraper; 14. Guide cavity; 15. Air hole; 16. Reciprocating screw; 17. Slider; 18. Insulation cover; 19. Insulation pipe; 190 1. First metal bellows; 2. Insulation sleeve; 20. Rotating rod; 21. Disc; 22. Mounting groove; 23. Memory alloy wire; 24. Counterweight; 25. Groove; 26. Heat-conducting rod; 27. Second metal bellows; 28. Cavity; 29. ​​Inlet valve; 30. Exhaust valve; 31. Lever; 32. Third metal bellows; 33. Spring; 34. Impact block; 35. Heat dissipation hole. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Example 1: Please see Figures 1 to 10 A hot air furnace for biomass pellets includes a shell 1; The shell 1 contains a furnace chamber 2 and a flue gas chamber 3; A flue pipe 4 extending to the top of the flue duct 3 is inserted into the top wall of the furnace 2, and a flue duct 5 communicating with the outside is opened on the side wall of the flue duct 3. A heating chamber 6 is provided on the side wall of the shell 1. The heating chamber 6 is located between the furnace 2 and the exhaust chamber 3, and the flue pipe 4 passes through the heating chamber 6. By opening an air inlet 7 and an air outlet 8 on opposite sides of the heating chamber 6, and installing a fan in the air inlet 7, the low-temperature gas from the outside can be transported to the heating chamber 6. When combustion occurs in the furnace 2, the high-temperature flue gas flows along the flue pipe 4 into the heating chamber 6. During this process, when the low-temperature gas comes into contact with the flue pipe 4, it can be heated by heat exchange. As the gas content in the heating chamber 6 increases, the high-temperature gas in the heating chamber 6 will be discharged to the outside through the exhaust port 8. The side wall of the furnace 2 is provided with a feed inlet 9 and an air inlet 10 from top to bottom; A partition plate 11 is horizontally fixed on the inner wall of the furnace 2. The partition plate 11 has a through hole. A support plate 12 is installed on the side wall opposite to the installation hole. The support plate 12 is inclined and multiple support plates 12 are stacked on top of each other to form a stacked structure. For two adjacent support plates 12, the distance between the bottom wall of the upper support plate 12 and the top wall of the lower support plate 12 is 1-2 cm, thus forming an ash discharge port. A scraper 13 is horizontally slidably installed in the mounting hole. Each support plate 12 is perpendicular to the surface of the scraper 13. The scraper 13 has evenly distributed insertion holes that correspond to the positions of the support plates 12 and are matched in number. Each support plate 12 passes through the corresponding insertion hole, so that the scraper 13 is movably fitted onto the support plate 12 through the insertion hole. A reciprocating screw 16 is rotatably installed inside the furnace chamber 2. The reciprocating screw 16 is located below the support plate 12, and a slider 17 is threaded onto the reciprocating screw 16. The side wall of the slider 17 is fixedly connected to the scraper 13, so that the slider 17 can drive the scraper 13 to move. A servo motor is fixedly installed on the side wall of housing 1. The output shaft of the servo motor is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of reciprocating screw 16 through a coupling. When the servo motor is powered on, it can drive the reciprocating screw 16 to rotate. Furthermore, the housing 1 is equipped with a thermal auxiliary mechanism for assisting the rotation of the reciprocating lead screw 16; The scraper 13 has a flow guide cavity 14. The side wall of the flow guide cavity 14 has evenly inclined air holes 15 that cooperate with the surface of the support plate 12. The air holes 15 are inclined downwards. The furnace 2 is provided with an air supply mechanism for supplying air to the flow guide cavity 14.

[0025] During the operation of the hot blast stove, biomass pellets burn on the surface of the support plate 12. Some of the ash produced by the combustion falls through the ash discharge port between two adjacent support plates 12 and falls below the support plate 12; some of the ash accumulates on the surface of the support plate 12.

[0026] At the same time, the servo motor drives the scraper 13 to move. During the movement of the scraper 13, the scraper 13 scrapes the surface of the support plate 12, thereby pushing and flattening the ash accumulated on the surface of the support plate 12. This increases the probability that the ash will naturally fall through the ash discharge port, preventing the ash from remaining on the surface of the support plate 12 and causing coking. This prevents the ash discharge port from becoming blocked and ensures that the combustion gas under the support plate 12 can pass through the ash discharge port and enter the combustion zone for combustion, thus ensuring the thermal efficiency of the hot air furnace.

[0027] During the movement of the scraper 13, the gas supply mechanism provides gas to the guide cavity 14. At this time, the guide cavity 14 exhausts gas through the vent 15. The gas discharged from the vent 15 blows towards the surface of the support plate 12. Since the support plate 12 is inclined, the airflow changes direction when it comes into contact with the support plate 12. Part of the airflow flows upward along the surface of the support plate 12 and flows towards the combustion zone, providing combustion-supporting gas to the combustion zone, which plays a role in ensuring that the biomass pellets can be fully combusted. Part of the airflow flows downward along the support plate 12, which accelerates the rate at which ash on the surface of the support plate 12 passes through the ash discharge port and reduces the probability of ash coking.

[0028] Meanwhile, as the scraper 13 moves, it can break up the biomass pellets that are piled up together, increasing the exposed area of ​​the biomass pellets and ensuring that the biomass pellets can be fully burned during the combustion process.

[0029] like Figure 2 , Figure 10As shown, a heat insulation cover 18 is fixedly sleeved on the side wall of the slider 17, and heat insulation pipes 19 are fixedly installed on the side walls opposite to the heat insulation cover 18. The end of each heat insulation pipe 19 away from the heat insulation cover 18 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the furnace 2, and the heat insulation pipe 19 is sleeved on the reciprocating screw 16. Thus, the reciprocating screw 16 and the slider 17 can be wrapped by the heat insulation cover 18 and the heat insulation pipes 19 to prevent the reciprocating screw 16 and the slider 17 from being affected by the high temperature inside the furnace 2. Furthermore, the housing 1 is equipped with a thermal auxiliary mechanism for driving the reciprocating lead screw 16 to rotate.

[0030] The thermal auxiliary mechanism includes a movable cavity formed on the side wall of the housing 1. A rotating rod 20 is rotatably inserted into the side wall of the movable cavity. A disc 21 is fixedly sleeved on the rotating rod 20. The disc 21 is rotatably engaged with the movable cavity. The side wall of the disc 21 is in contact with the side wall of the movable cavity. A heat dissipation hole 35 communicating with the outside is formed on the side wall of the movable cavity. The heat dissipation hole 35 is fan-shaped and is offset to one side of the vertical axis of symmetry of the movable cavity. One end of the rotating rod 20 is fixedly connected to the shaft of the reciprocating lead screw 16; The disk 21 is provided with evenly spaced mounting grooves 22, which penetrate the side wall of the disk 21 and are evenly distributed around the center of the disk 21. A memory alloy wire 23 is fixedly installed at one end of the mounting slot 22 near the rotating rod 20, and a counterweight 24 is fixedly installed at the other end of the memory alloy wire 23 away from the rotating rod 20. Furthermore, the disc 21 is made of insulating material; The side wall of the movable cavity is provided with a groove 25; and by uniformly arranging mounting slots 22 on the disc 21, it can be ensured that there is always a mounting slot 22 communicating with the groove 25; the groove 25 and the heat dissipation hole 35 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the vertical axis of the movable cavity. Furthermore, a heat-conducting rod 26 is fixedly embedded on the shell 1, with the two ends of the heat-conducting rod 26 located on the surface of the furnace chamber 2 and the surface of the groove 25, respectively.

[0031] When the fuel in furnace 2 is in a state of combustion, the temperature inside furnace 2 rises, and the temperature difference between the inside of furnace 2 and the outside increases.

[0032] For the mounting slot 22, which is connected to the external environment through the heat dissipation hole 35, the external temperature is low, which allows the shape memory alloy wire 23 to be in a contracted state. At this time, the counterweight 24 in this part of the mounting slot 22 is located close to the rotating rod 20.

[0033] Under the action of the heat-conducting rod 26, the groove 25 is in a high-temperature state. At this time, the shape memory alloy wire 23 in the mounting groove 22 connected to the groove 25 is heated and stretched. The stretched shape memory alloy wire 23 drives the counterweight 24 away from the rotating rod 20. Therefore, by adjusting the position of the counterweight 24, the center of gravity of the disk 21 can be changed, thereby causing the disk 21 to rotate.

[0034] During the rotation of the disc 21, the rotating rod 20 drives the reciprocating screw 16 to rotate, thereby playing the role of driving the reciprocating screw 16 to rotate.

[0035] like Figure 3 As shown, the insulation pipe 19 includes a first metal corrugated pipe 1901 and an insulation sleeve 1902; both the insulation sleeve 1902 and the insulation cover 18 are made of zirconium-containing ceramic fiber blankets. The first metal bellows 1901 is sleeved on the outside of the reciprocating screw 16, and the ceramic fiber blanket is sleeved on the outside of the first metal bellows 1901 and fixed to the outside of the first metal bellows 1901 by steel wire. The zirconium-containing ceramic fiber blanket not only has excellent high-temperature resistance, but also good flexibility and processability. Covering the surface of the first metal bellows 1901 with it can provide efficient heat insulation protection, and its soft fiber structure can fully adapt to the expansion and contraction of the first metal bellows 1901 without hindering the normal mechanical deformation of the first metal bellows 1901.

[0036] The gas supply mechanism includes a second metal corrugated pipe 27 sleeved on the outside of the ceramic fiber blanket, and the sealed space formed between the first metal corrugated pipe 1901, the second metal corrugated pipe 27, the inner wall of the furnace 2 and the outer wall of the insulation cover 18 is a cavity 28. An inlet valve 29 and an exhaust valve 30 are embedded in the side wall of the cavity 28. The input end of the inlet valve 29 is connected to the space below the support plate 12 in the furnace 2, and the output end of the exhaust valve 30 extends into the guide cavity 14. Both the inlet valve 29 and the exhaust valve 30 are one-way valves.

[0037] During the movement of slider 17, insulation tube 19 is intermittently squeezed; when insulation tube 19 is squeezed, the volume of cavity 28 also decreases, and the gas in cavity 28 is discharged into guide cavity 14 through exhaust valve 30, thereby providing gas to guide cavity 14.

[0038] When the compressed insulation tube 19 recovers, the cavity 28 draws in air through the air inlet valve 29, preparing for compression again. Furthermore, by providing cavities 28, air inlet valves 29, and exhaust valves 30 on the insulation tubes 19 on both sides of the insulation cover 18, a continuous supply of air to the guide cavity 14 can be achieved.

[0039] like Figure 2 As shown, levers 31 are evenly fixed on the top wall of the scraper 13. Therefore, during the movement of the scraper 13, the vertically arranged levers 31 can penetrate the ash and biomass particles that are piled together, thus improving the dispersing effect of the ash or biomass particles piled together.

[0040] like Figure 3As shown, a third metal bellows 32 is fixedly installed on the output end of the exhaust valve 30, and the top end of the third metal bellows 32 extends into the guide cavity 14.

[0041] Because metal has good thermal conductivity, when the airflow discharged from cavity 28 flows in the third metal bellows 32, the high-temperature gas in furnace 2 can heat the airflow in the third metal bellows 32, thereby reducing the ash temperature change when the gas discharged from vent 15 impacts the surface of support plate 12, thus reducing the probability of coke residue.

[0042] like Figure 9 As shown, the vent 15 is funnel-shaped, and the diameter of the end of the vent 15 away from the guide cavity 14 is larger than the diameter of the end of the vent 15 close to the guide cavity 14. A spring 33 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the air hole 15, and an impact block 34 is fixedly installed at the end of the spring 33. The two ends of the spring 33 are fixedly connected to the side wall of the air hole 15 and the impact block 34, respectively.

[0043] The surface of the impact block 34 is provided with non-uniformly distributed guide grooves. During the exhaust process, the airflow changes the force distribution of the impact block 34 as it flows through the guide grooves, causing the impact block 34 to sway irregularly under the elastic constraint of the spring 33 and continuously impact the side wall of the air hole 15. The scraper 13 then receives the impact force and transmits it to the support plate 12 in contact with it, thereby effectively shaking off the accumulated dust on the surface of the support plate 12 through vibration.

[0044] like Figure 2 As shown, the shell 1 includes a metal outer shell 101 and an insulation layer 102. The insulation layer 102 is made of silica bricks. The furnace 2, the flue gas chamber 3 and the heating chamber 6 are all located in the insulation layer 102. The movable cavity is opened on the insulation layer 102. The outer shell 101 is provided with a through hole that communicates with the heat dissipation hole 35.

[0045] Working principle: When combustion occurs in the furnace 2, high-temperature flue gas flows along the flue pipe 4 into the heating chamber 6. During this process, when low-temperature gas comes into contact with the flue pipe 4, it can be heated by heat exchange. As the gas content in the heating chamber 6 increases, the high-temperature gas in the heating chamber 6 will be discharged to the outside through the exhaust port 8. During the operation of the hot blast stove, biomass pellets burn on the surface of the support plate 12. Some of the ash produced by combustion falls through the ash discharge port between two adjacent support plates 12 and falls below the support plate 12. Some of the ash accumulates on the surface of the support plate 12.

[0046] At the same time, the servo motor drives the scraper 13 to move. During the movement of the scraper 13, the scraper 13 scrapes the surface of the support plate 12, thereby pushing and flattening the ash accumulated on the surface of the support plate 12. This increases the probability that the ash will naturally fall through the ash discharge port, preventing the ash from remaining on the surface of the support plate 12 and causing coking. This prevents the ash discharge port from becoming blocked and ensures that the combustion gas under the support plate 12 can pass through the ash discharge port and enter the combustion zone for combustion, thus ensuring the thermal efficiency of the hot air furnace.

[0047] During the movement of the scraper 13, the gas supply mechanism provides gas to the guide cavity 14. At this time, the guide cavity 14 exhausts gas through the vent 15. The gas discharged from the vent 15 blows towards the surface of the support plate 12. Since the support plate 12 is inclined, the airflow changes direction when it comes into contact with the support plate 12. Part of the airflow flows upward along the surface of the support plate 12 and flows towards the combustion zone, providing combustion-supporting gas to the combustion zone, which plays a role in ensuring that the biomass pellets can be fully combusted. Part of the airflow flows downward along the support plate 12, which accelerates the rate at which ash on the surface of the support plate 12 passes through the ash discharge port and reduces the probability of ash coking.

[0048] Meanwhile, as the scraper 13 moves, it can break up the biomass pellets that are piled up together, increasing the exposed area of ​​the biomass pellets and ensuring that the biomass pellets can be fully burned during the combustion process.

[0049] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention; however, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and its improved concept, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hot air furnace for biomass pellets, comprising a shell (1); Its features are: The shell (1) is provided with a furnace chamber (2); The furnace (2) has a feed inlet (9) and an air inlet (10) arranged sequentially from top to bottom on its side wall. A partition (11) is horizontally fixedly installed on the inner wall of the furnace (2). The partition (11) has an installation hole that penetrates the partition (11). A support plate (12) is installed on the side wall opposite to the installation hole. The support plate (12) is inclined and multiple support plates (12) are stacked on each other in sequence to form a stacked structure. A scraper (13) is horizontally slidably installed in the mounting hole. Each support plate (12) is perpendicular to the surface of the scraper (13). The scraper (13) has evenly distributed insertion holes that correspond to the positions of the support plates (12) and match in number. Each support plate (12) passes through the corresponding insertion hole, so that the scraper (13) is movably fitted onto the support plate (12) through the insertion hole. The furnace chamber (2) is rotatably equipped with a reciprocating screw (16), and a slider (17) is threaded onto the reciprocating screw (16). The sidewall of the slider (17) is fixedly connected to the scraper (13); A servo motor for driving the reciprocating lead screw (16) to rotate is fixedly installed on the side wall of the housing (1). Furthermore, the housing (1) is provided with a thermal auxiliary mechanism for assisting the rotation of the reciprocating lead screw (16); The scraper (13) has a flow guide cavity (14), and the side wall of the flow guide cavity (14) has uniformly inclined air holes (15) that cooperate with the surface of the support plate (12). The furnace (2) is provided with an air supply mechanism for supplying air to the flow guide cavity (14).

2. The hot air furnace for biomass pellets according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heat insulation cover (18) is fixedly sleeved on the side wall of the slider (17). A heat insulation pipe (19) is fixedly installed on the side wall opposite to the heat insulation cover (18). The end of each heat insulation pipe (19) away from the heat insulation cover (18) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the furnace (2). The heat insulation pipe (19) is sleeved on the reciprocating screw (16). Furthermore, the housing (1) is provided with a rotating mechanism for driving the reciprocating screw (16) to rotate.

3. A hot air furnace for biomass pellets according to claim 2, characterized in that: The thermal auxiliary mechanism includes a movable cavity opened on the side wall of the housing (1), a rotating rod (20) is rotatably inserted on the side wall of the movable cavity, a disc (21) is fixedly sleeved on the rotating rod (20), and the side wall of the disc (21) is in contact with the side wall of the movable cavity; a heat dissipation hole (35) communicating with the outside is opened on the side wall of the movable cavity, the heat dissipation hole (35) is fan-shaped, and the heat dissipation hole (35) is offset on one side of the vertical axis of symmetry of the movable cavity; One end of the rotating rod (20) is fixedly connected to the shaft of the reciprocating lead screw (16); The disk (21) is provided with uniformly distributed mounting grooves (22), which penetrate the side wall of the disk (21) and are evenly distributed around the center of the disk (21). A shape memory alloy wire (23) is fixedly installed at one end of the mounting groove (22) near the rotating rod (20), and a counterweight (24) is fixedly installed at the other end of the shape memory alloy wire (23) away from the rotating rod (20). Furthermore, the disc (21) is made of insulating material; The side wall of the active cavity is provided with a groove (25); the groove (25) and the heat dissipation hole (35) are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the vertical axis of the active cavity; Furthermore, a heat-conducting rod (26) is fixedly embedded on the shell (1), with the two ends of the heat-conducting rod (26) located on the surface of the furnace (2) and the surface of the groove (25), respectively.

4. A hot air furnace for biomass pellets according to claim 3, characterized in that: The insulation pipe (19) includes a first metal corrugated pipe (1901) and an insulation sleeve (1902); both the insulation sleeve (1902) and the insulation cover (18) are made of ceramic fiber blanket; The first metal bellows (1901) is sleeved on the outside of the reciprocating screw (16), and the ceramic fiber blanket is sleeved on the outside of the first metal bellows (1901).

5. A hot air furnace for biomass pellets according to claim 4, characterized in that: The gas supply mechanism includes a second metal corrugated pipe (27) sleeved on the outside of the ceramic fiber blanket, and the sealed space formed between the first metal corrugated pipe (1901), the second metal corrugated pipe (27), the inner wall of the furnace (2) and the outer wall of the heat insulation cover (18) is a cavity (28). An air inlet valve (29) and an exhaust valve (30) are embedded on the side wall of the cavity (28). The input end of the air inlet valve (29) is connected to the space below the support plate (12) in the furnace (2). The output end of the exhaust valve (30) extends into the guide cavity (14). Both the air inlet valve (29) and the exhaust valve (30) are one-way valves.

6. A hot air furnace for biomass pellets according to claim 1, characterized in that: A lever (31) is evenly fixedly installed on the top wall of the scraper (13).

7. A hot air furnace for biomass pellets according to claim 5, characterized in that: A third metal bellows (32) is fixedly installed on the output end of the exhaust valve (30), and the top end of the third metal bellows (32) extends into the guide cavity (14).

8. A hot air furnace for biomass pellets according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vent (15) is funnel-shaped, and the diameter of the end of the vent (15) away from the guide cavity (14) is larger than the diameter of the end of the vent (15) close to the guide cavity (14). A spring (33) is fixedly installed on the side wall of the air hole (15), and an impact block (34) is fixedly installed at the end of the spring (33).

9. A hot air furnace for biomass pellets according to claim 8, characterized in that: The surface of the impact block (34) is provided with non-uniformly distributed guide grooves.

10. A hot air furnace for biomass pellets according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell (1) includes a metal outer shell (101) and a heat insulation layer (102). The furnace (2), the smoke exhaust chamber (3) and the heating chamber (6) are all located in the heat insulation layer (102). The active cavity is located on the heat insulation layer (102). The outer shell (101) has a through hole that communicates with the heat dissipation hole (35).

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