Sodium flame shadow brightness adjusting method based on strong magnetic field action

Abstract

The application relates to the field of atomic spectrum regulation, and particularly discloses a sodium flame shadow brightness adjusting method based on the action of a strong magnetic field, which comprises the following steps: building an experimental system composed of a low-pressure steam sodium lamp, an electromagnet, a Bunsen lamp, a spectrometer, an attenuation sheet and a Tesla meter; arranging salt outside the gas outlet of the Bunsen lamp and igniting the salt to form a sodium-containing flame, making the light emitted by the low-pressure steam sodium lamp pass through the sodium-containing flame, and forming an initial shadow under the condition of no magnetic field; adjusting the driving current of the electromagnet, so that the sodium-containing flame area is under the condition of different magnetic field actions; detecting the change of the transmission light intensity at the same wavelength, and comparing the change with a preset adjusting target; and determining the target magnetic field action condition when the preset adjusting target is met. The application can realize the stable adjustment of the sodium flame shadow brightness.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of atomic spectral modulation technology, and more specifically, to a method for adjusting the brightness of sodium flame shadows based on the action of a strong magnetic field. Background Technology

[0002] When sodium vapor lamps are irradiated, the introduction of salt into the flame creates a high-temperature region containing sodium atoms. Due to the absorption and scattering of photons of specific energies by sodium atoms, the number of photons passing through this region decreases, thus creating a shadow behind the flame. When a strong magnetic field is applied to this sodium-containing flame region, the shadow becomes brighter. This phenomenon is essentially related to the energy level splitting of sodium atoms under the influence of an external magnetic field, and is a specific manifestation of experimental phenomena related to the Zeeman effect.

[0003] Existing publicly available information contains a certain amount of research on experimental platforms for the Zeeman effect under strong magnetic fields, Zeeman effect simulation, and analysis of the Zeeman effect under different magnetic fields. For example, in 2017, Qi Lili's article "Research on Experimental Methods Based on Digital Zeeman Effect Experimental System" published in the journal *Optoelectronics* clearly introduced a novel digital Zeeman effect experimental device, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the phenomenon was observed, video recording, and data processing under different magnetic field strengths were completed using PASCO Capstone software; in 2023, Ye Jiayu published "Experimental Simulation of Zeeman Effect Based on MATLAB" in the journal *Laboratory Science*, as shown in... Figure 3 As shown, the simulation interface for the Zeeman effect experiment is set up. In 2008, Zhang Yanping published "Analysis of Zeeman Effect under Different Magnetic Fields" in the *Journal of Longdong University*, which analyzed the Zeeman effect under different magnetic fields. The above literature helps to explain the relationship between strong magnetic fields and energy level splitting, but it is more inclined to experimental demonstrations, theoretical analysis, or simulation calculations.

[0004] Furthermore, existing content typically focuses on "why shadows brighten," rather than transforming this phenomenon into an operational, reproducible, detectable, and verifiable technical process. For example, there is a lack of standardized steps for "shadow brightness adjustment"; there is a lack of result-based adjustment logic involving current adjustment, magnetic field changes, brightness detection, and target determination, relying instead on simple manual trial-and-error adjustments rather than determining the target magnetic field conditions based on detection results. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the aforementioned deficiencies of the prior art, this invention provides a method for adjusting the brightness of a sodium flame shadow based on a strong magnetic field. This method involves constructing an experimental system consisting of a low-pressure sodium vapor lamp, an electromagnet, an attenuator, a spectrometer, a teslameter, and a Bunsen lamp. Salt is placed outside the Bunsen lamp's outlet to form a sodium-containing flame. The sodium lamp passes through the sodium-containing flame to create an initial shadow. The driving current of the electromagnet is adjusted to change the magnetic induction intensity acting on the sodium-containing flame region. The change in transmitted light intensity in the shadow region is detected and compared with a preset adjustment target. If the target is met, the target magnetic field condition is determined. If the target is not met, the electromagnet driving current optimization model based on transmitted light intensity feedback continues to adjust and the detection is repeated to gradually approach the target magnetic field condition, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A method for adjusting the brightness of sodium flame shadows based on a strong magnetic field includes the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: Set up the experimental system, including a low-pressure sodium vapor lamp, electromagnet, attenuator, spectrometer, teslameter and Bunsen lamp.

[0009] Step 2: Place salt outside the Bunsen burner outlet and ignite the Bunsen burner to form a sodium-containing flame. The light emitted by the low-pressure sodium vapor lamp passes through the sodium-containing flame, forming an initial shadow under no magnetic field conditions.

[0010] Step 3: Adjust the driving current of the electromagnet so that the electromagnet outputs magnetic fields of different intensities in the area containing the sodium flame.

[0011] Step 4: Under different magnetic field conditions, detect the changes in transmitted light intensity in the area corresponding to the initial shadow.

[0012] Step 5: Compare the current detection result with the preset adjustment target. If the current detection result meets the preset adjustment target, determine the current magnetic field action condition as the target magnetic field action condition.

[0013] Step 6: If the preset adjustment target is not met, continue to adjust the electromagnet drive current and repeat the detection and comparison process until the preset adjustment target is reached.

[0014] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the experimental system includes a low-pressure sodium vapor lamp, an electromagnet, an attenuator, a spectrometer, a teslameter, a Bunsen lamp, a screen, and a salt layer. An attenuator is placed in front of the spectrometer and works in conjunction with the teslameter for measuring magnetic flux density. The low-pressure sodium vapor lamp provides illumination light of a specific wavelength; the Bunsen lamp forms a flame; the salt layer provides a source of sodium in the flame region; the electromagnet generates an external magnetic field; the screen allows for direct observation of changes in shadow brightness; the spectrometer detects changes in transmitted light intensity; the attenuator ensures that the light intensity entering the spectrometer is within a suitable measurement range; and the teslameter establishes the relationship between the driving current and the magnetic flux density.

[0015] As a further aspect of the invention, a layer of salt is placed outside the outlet of a Bunsen burner, and the burner is ignited, creating a sodium-containing flame in the flame area. Preferably, a thin, uniform layer of salt crystals is used to improve the stability of flame formation and experimental repeatability. Light emitted from a low-pressure sodium vapor lamp passes through the sodium-containing flame, forming an initial shadow under magnetic field-free conditions. The initial shadow refers to a darker area behind the sodium-containing flame where the number of photons detected is less than the surrounding area under sodium vapor lamp irradiation conditions.

[0016] As a further aspect of the invention, the driving current of the electromagnet is adjusted to output magnetic fields of varying intensities in the region containing the sodium flame. Preferably, the low-pressure sodium vapor lamp, the center of the magnetic field, the sodium flame, and the spectrometer are located on the same horizontal line to improve the consistency of the irradiation path and the detection position. Before or during adjustment, a teslameter can be used to measure the magnetic induction intensity corresponding to different driving currents, and a correspondence between the driving current and the magnetic induction intensity can be established.

[0017] As a further aspect of this invention, the changes in transmitted light intensity were detected under different magnetic field conditions. In this invention, an external magnetic field causes energy level splitting of sodium atoms in a sodium-containing flame, thereby altering their absorption of photons of characteristic wavelengths from the sodium vapor lamp, resulting in a change in the number of photons passing through the flame region. Because the sodium-containing flame absorbs fewer photons, the shadowed area appears brighter than the initial shadow; when detected using a spectrometer, the transmitted light intensity under different magnetic field strengths will show differences.

[0018] As a further aspect of the present invention, the current transmitted light intensity is compared with the target transmitted light intensity to obtain the current error. When the current error falls within a preset tolerance range, it is determined that the current transmitted light intensity has reached the preset adjustment target, and the magnetic field action condition corresponding to the current driving current is determined as the target magnetic field action condition.

[0019] As a further aspect of the present invention, when the current error does not fall within the preset tolerance range, the adjustment direction of the electromagnet driving current is determined according to the direction of the current error. After determining the adjustment direction, the adjustment step size of the electromagnet driving current is adaptively corrected to avoid the problems of slow convergence speed or back-and-forth oscillation around the target value that are easily encountered when using a fixed step size. Based on the determined adjustment direction and the determined adjustment step size, the electromagnet driving current is updated for the next round. Then, the iterative process of transmitted light intensity detection, error calculation, direction determination, step size correction, and driving current update is continuously completed until the current error falls within the preset tolerance range. The current driving current is used as the target driving current, and the target magnetic induction intensity is calculated based on the correspondence between the electromagnet driving current and the magnetic induction intensity, thereby determining the target magnetic field action conditions.

[0020] The technical effects and advantages of this invention, a method for adjusting the brightness of sodium flame shadows based on a strong magnetic field, are as follows: This invention constructs an experimental system consisting of a low-pressure sodium vapor lamp, an electromagnet, a Bunsen lamp, a spectrometer, an attenuator, and a Tesla meter. The characteristic wavelength light emitted by the low-pressure sodium vapor lamp passes through the sodium-containing flame region. A strong magnetic field induces energy level splitting in sodium atoms, reducing the absorption of characteristic photons and thus increasing the brightness of the shadow region. Simultaneously, this invention uses transmitted light intensity as a quantitative feedback basis, comparing the current detection result with a preset adjustment target. It iteratively corrects the electromagnet's driving current based on the correspondence between the driving current and magnetic induction intensity, avoiding reliance on purely manual trial-and-error adjustments and enabling more accurate and stable determination of the target magnetic field conditions. Furthermore, by optimizing the uniform layering of the dispersed salt crystals, placing the low-pressure sodium vapor lamp, the magnetic field center, the sodium-containing flame, and the spectrometer on the same horizontal line, and employing combined detection with a screen and spectrometer, as well as single characteristic wavelength consistency detection, this invention further improves the stability of sodium-containing flame formation, experimental repeatability, the intuitiveness of adjustment trend judgment, and the accuracy of target determination. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for adjusting the brightness of a sodium flame shadow based on a strong magnetic field, according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a technical video analysis of a digitized Zeeman effect experimental setup using existing technology.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the simulation interface for the Zeeman effect in existing technology.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the experimental system of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the initial shadow formation without a magnetic field according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the brightening of shadows under the influence of a strong magnetic field, as described in this invention.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of energy level splitting in this invention.

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the state of the salt according to the present invention.

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the current and the magnetic field in this invention.

[0030] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the 589.0nm single-wavelength monitoring of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] This invention discloses a method for adjusting the brightness of sodium flame shadows based on a strong magnetic field. It uses a low-pressure sodium vapor lamp as the illumination source with a specific wavelength, a Bunsen burner flame as the sodium-atom-containing interaction region, an electromagnet as the external magnetic field provider, and a spectrometer as the result detection device. Furthermore, it can be combined with an attenuator and a teslameter to achieve the detection and adjustment of the brightness of sodium flame shadows. Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0034] Step 1: Set up the experimental system, including a low-pressure sodium vapor lamp, electromagnet, attenuator, spectrometer, teslameter and Bunsen lamp.

[0035] Step 2: Place salt outside the Bunsen burner outlet and ignite the Bunsen burner to form a sodium-containing flame. The light emitted by the low-pressure sodium vapor lamp passes through the sodium-containing flame, forming an initial shadow under no magnetic field conditions.

[0036] Step 3: Adjust the driving current of the electromagnet so that the electromagnet outputs magnetic fields of different intensities in the area containing the sodium flame.

[0037] Step 4: Under different magnetic field conditions, detect the changes in transmitted light intensity in the area corresponding to the initial shadow.

[0038] Step 5: Compare the current detection result with the preset adjustment target. If the current detection result meets the preset adjustment target, determine the current magnetic field action condition as the target magnetic field action condition.

[0039] Step 6: If the preset adjustment target is not met, continue to adjust the electromagnet drive current and repeat the detection and comparison process until the preset adjustment target is reached.

[0040] like Figure 4 As shown, the experimental system of this embodiment includes a low-pressure sodium vapor lamp 1, an electromagnet 2, an attenuator 3, a spectrometer 4, a teslameter 5, a Bunsen lamp 6, a screen (not shown in the figure), and a salt layer (not shown in the figure). The low-pressure sodium vapor lamp is used to provide illumination light of a specific wavelength. The electromagnet 2 is used to apply an external magnetic field to the sodium-containing flame area. The attenuator 3 is placed in front of the spectrometer 4 to attenuate the intensity of the incident light. The spectrometer 4 is used to detect changes in the intensity of transmitted light. The teslameter 5 is used to measure the magnetic induction intensity generated by the electromagnet. The Bunsen lamp 6 is used to generate a flame. The screen is placed behind the sodium-containing flame to observe changes in brightness in the shadow area. The salt layer is placed outside the outlet of the Bunsen lamp 6 to provide a source of sodium in the flame area.

[0041] In the specific setup, the low-pressure sodium vapor lamp 1, the center of the magnetic field, the sodium-containing flame, and the spectrometer 4 should be on the same horizontal line to ensure that the irradiated light passes through the same area of ​​action, thereby improving the consistency of experimental results. When using a screen for observation, the screen should be placed behind the flame; when using the spectrometer 4 for detection, the attenuator 3 should be placed in front of the spectrometer 4 to ensure that the light intensity received by the spectrometer 4 is within a suitable range. The low-pressure sodium vapor lamp should be preheated for more than 30 minutes, and preferably, a single adjustment and detection should be completed within 5 minutes after preheating.

[0042] like Figure 8 As shown, salt can be introduced into the flame area of ​​the Bunsen burner 6 in different forms, such as saturated saline solution, salt blocks, and loose salt crystals. After comparison, the preferred method is to uniformly spread a thin layer of loose salt crystals on the outside of the Bunsen burner 6's exhaust port. The reasons are as follows: saline solution is prone to concentration fluctuations and residue issues, resulting in poor experimental repeatability; large salt blocks are prone to bursting, and the light intensity fluctuates significantly over time under no magnetic field conditions; the uniformly spread thin layer of loose salt crystals makes it easier to form a stable sodium-containing flame and reduces interference caused by differences in salt form.

[0043] like Figure 5As shown, under no magnetic field conditions, light emitted by a low-pressure sodium vapor lamp 1 passes through a sodium-containing flame region along a predetermined optical path. Because sodium atoms in the flame absorb photons corresponding to their energy level differences, and also experience scattering, the number of photons passing through the flame region is reduced, resulting in a relatively dark initial shadow forming in the corresponding area of ​​the screen. This initial shadow can serve as a reference state for the subsequent change in shadow brightness under a strong magnetic field. Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, Figure 7 In the diagram, S represents the spectral term with an orbital angular momentum quantum number of 0, corresponding to the s orbital energy level; P represents the spectral term with an orbital angular momentum quantum number of 1, corresponding to the p orbital energy level; m represents the magnetic quantum number component of this energy level in the direction of the magnetic field under an applied magnetic field, which is the number of each Zeeman splitter energy level; Δm represents the change in magnetic quantum number before and after the transition. Under the action of a strong external magnetic field, the sodium atom energy level splits, eventually forming 8 energy levels and 10 spectral lines. The number of photons absorbed by sodium atoms in a sodium-containing flame decreases, so more photons can pass through the flame region, resulting in increased brightness in the shadow region.

[0044] like Figure 9 As shown, before formally adjusting the shadow brightness, electromagnet 2 can be calibrated. Specifically, this includes measuring the magnetic induction intensity in the central region of the magnetic field of electromagnet 2 using a teslameter 5 under different driving current conditions to obtain the correspondence between the driving current and the magnetic induction intensity. Electromagnet 2 is connected to an external power supply, and different magnetic field intensities are obtained by adjusting the current magnitude.

[0045] In this embodiment, under different magnetic field conditions, the same wavelength of light passing through a sodium-containing flame is detected by a spectrometer to obtain the transmission light intensity change results under the corresponding magnetic field conditions, wherein the transmission light intensity change results are the light intensity readings output by the spectrometer.

[0046] To ensure that the determination of the target magnetic field's operating conditions no longer relies on simple manual trial-and-error adjustments, but rather on iterative approximation based on detection results, this embodiment further introduces an electromagnet driving current optimization model based on transmitted light intensity feedback. This model uses the transmitted light intensity detected by the spectrometer 4 at the same wavelength as the feedback quantity, and a preset target transmitted light intensity as the optimization target. It utilizes the correspondence between the electromagnet driving current and the magnetic induction intensity to iteratively correct the electromagnet driving current, thereby gradually approximating the target magnetic field's operating conditions. After the low-pressure sodium vapor lamp 1 has completed preheating, the low-pressure sodium vapor lamp, the magnetic field center, the sodium-containing flame, and the spectrometer 4 are positioned on the same horizontal line. Under no magnetic field conditions, the spectrometer detects light of the same wavelength passing through the sodium-containing flame to obtain the initial transmitted light intensity. Preferably, the same wavelength is either 589.0 nm or 589.6 nm. Based on the preset adjustment target, a target transmitted light intensity is set on top of the initial transmitted light intensity. The target transmitted light intensity can be expressed as the sum of the initial transmitted light intensity and the preset transmitted light intensity increment, or as the product of the initial transmitted light intensity and a preset gain coefficient.

[0047] The magnetic flux density corresponding to multiple sets of electromagnet driving currents was measured using a teslameter 5, and the results were compiled into a correspondence between the electromagnet driving current and the magnetic flux density. This correspondence can be stored in the form of a data table or represented as a fitted curve. Subsequently, an initial driving current was selected as the initial input based on this correspondence.

[0048] A current driving current is input to electromagnet 2, placing the sodium-containing flame under a magnetic field condition corresponding to the current driving current. After the magnetic field stabilizes, the current transmitted light intensity at the same wavelength is detected using a spectrometer. The current transmitted light intensity serves as the feedback detection result for the current cycle.

[0049] The current transmitted light intensity is compared with the target transmitted light intensity to obtain the current error. The current error can be expressed as the difference between the target transmitted light intensity and the current transmitted light intensity, or as the relative deviation between the two. When the current error falls within a preset tolerance range, it is determined that the current transmitted light intensity has reached the preset adjustment target, and the magnetic field action condition corresponding to the current driving current is determined as the target magnetic field action condition.

[0050] When the current error does not fall within the preset tolerance range, the adjustment direction of the electromagnet driving current is determined according to the direction of the current error, including: when the current transmitted light intensity is lower than the target transmitted light intensity, it indicates that the current magnetic field is insufficient, and the electromagnet driving current is increased; when the current transmitted light intensity is higher than the target transmitted light intensity, it indicates that the current magnetic field is too strong, and the electromagnet driving current is reduced.

[0051] After determining the adjustment direction, the adjustment step size of the electromagnet drive current is adaptively corrected to avoid the slow convergence speed or oscillation around the target value that is prone to occur when using a fixed step size. This includes: using a pre-established correspondence between the electromagnet drive current and magnetic induction intensity as a basis, and using the current interval between two adjacent sets of calibration currents in the correspondence as the basic adjustment unit; after completing the current transmitted light intensity detection and obtaining the current error, the current error is first compared with the preset tolerance range. When the current error exceeds three times the preset tolerance range, it is determined to be far from the target state, and four basic adjustment units are used as the adjustment step size of the next round of drive current to improve the approach speed; when the current error is between one and three times the preset tolerance range, it is determined to be close to the target but not yet within the target range, and two basic adjustment units are used as the adjustment step size of the next round of drive current; when the current error is between one and three times the preset tolerance range, it is determined to be close to the target but not yet within the target range, and two basic adjustment units are used as the adjustment step size of the next round of drive current; furthermore, when the signs of the errors of two adjacent rounds change... When the current transmitted light intensity exceeds the target transmitted light intensity, the driving current adjustment direction is reversed, and the adjustment step size of the next round of driving current is reduced to half of the previous round's adjustment step size. When the halved adjustment step size is less than one basic adjustment unit, one basic adjustment unit is used as the minimum adjustment step size. When the error sign of two adjacent rounds does not change and the error continuously decreases, it indicates that the current driving current adjustment direction is correct and the target is approaching. At this time, the current adjustment direction is kept unchanged, and the adjustment step size of the next round of driving current is reduced by one level, i.e., from four basic adjustment units to two basic adjustment units. When the error sign of two adjacent rounds does not change but the error does not decrease, it indicates that the current search step size approximation efficiency is insufficient. At this time, while keeping the current adjustment direction unchanged, the adjustment step size of the next round of driving current is increased by one level, specifically: when the current adjustment step size is one basic adjustment unit, it is increased to two basic adjustment units; when the current adjustment step size is two basic adjustment units, it is increased to four basic adjustment units; when the current adjustment step size is already four basic adjustment units, it is kept unchanged at four basic adjustment units. By employing the aforementioned graded step size selection, cross-target halving correction, same-direction approach downshift correction, and upshift correction when approach efficiency is insufficient, the electromagnet driving current can quickly approach the target when it is far away from the target and smoothly converge when it is close to the target, thereby achieving a stable search for the target's magnetic field conditions.

[0052] Based on the determined adjustment direction and step size, the electromagnet driving current is updated for the next round. Then, the iterative process of transmitted light intensity detection, error calculation, direction determination, step size correction, and driving current update is continuously completed until the current error falls within the preset tolerance range. At this point, the current driving current is used as the target driving current, and the target magnetic induction intensity is calculated based on the correspondence between the electromagnet driving current and the magnetic induction intensity, thereby determining the target magnetic field conditions.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] In this embodiment, a screen 7 and a spectrometer 4 are used simultaneously to jointly detect the effect of shadow brightness adjustment. The low-pressure sodium vapor lamp 1, electromagnet 2, Bunsen burner 6, sodium-containing flame area, screen 7, and spectrometer 4 are arranged sequentially along the light propagation direction, with the low-pressure sodium vapor lamp 1, magnetic field center, sodium-containing flame area, and spectrometer 4 on the same horizontal line. After the low-pressure sodium vapor lamp 1 has finished preheating, a thin layer of salt crystals is evenly spread outside the outlet of the Bunsen burner 6, and the Bunsen burner 6 is ignited to form a sodium-containing flame. Under conditions without a magnetic field, the flame is first... Observe whether an initial shadow forms in the corresponding area behind the flame through the light screen 7, and use the initial shadow as a visual judgment benchmark. At the same time, after the incident light is attenuated by the attenuator 3 placed in front of the spectrometer 4, the spectrometer 4 detects the intensity of the transmitted light of the same wavelength after passing through the sodium-containing flame, and uses the transmitted light intensity as a quantitative detection benchmark. Subsequently, start the electromagnet 2 and gradually adjust the driving current to subject the sodium-containing flame area to different magnetic field conditions. After each set of magnetic field conditions stabilizes, the light screen 7 first observes the changes in brightness of the shadow area in real time. The screen 7 observes whether the shadow has become brighter or lighter compared to the initial shadow under no magnetic field conditions. Then, the spectrometer 4 detects the transmitted light intensity at the same wavelength to obtain the transmitted light intensity reading under the corresponding magnetic field conditions. When the screen 7 observes that the brightness of the shadow area has reached the expected visual effect, and the increase in the transmitted light intensity detected by the spectrometer 4 relative to the initial transmitted light intensity reaches a preset range, it is determined that the current magnetic field action condition meets the adjustment target, and the magnetic field action condition corresponding to the current driving current is determined as the target magnetic field action condition. When the observation results of the screen 7 are inconsistent with the detection results of the spectrometer 4, the result of the transmitted light intensity change output by the spectrometer 4 is given priority as the target determination basis, and the driving current of the electromagnet 2 is adjusted until the visual observation result and the quantitative detection result simultaneously meet the preset adjustment requirements. Through this implementation method, the screen 7 can provide an intuitive representation of the shadow brightness change, which is convenient for quickly judging the adjustment trend. The spectrometer 4 can provide quantitative data on the transmitted light intensity change, which is convenient for accurately determining the target magnetic field action condition, thereby realizing the joint determination of the brightness adjustment effect of the sodium flame shadow.

[0055] Example 3

[0056] In this embodiment, 589.0 nm in the sodium atom principal series is selected as the target detection wavelength. To intuitively demonstrate the adjustment and determination process of using a single characteristic wavelength as the detection object, the initial acquisition, iterative tracking, and target determination process of the transmitted light intensity at the 589.0 nm wavelength are further illustrated with a graphical interface, as follows: Figure 10 As shown. After completing the preheating of the low-pressure steam sodium lamp, the formation of the sodium-containing flame, and the alignment of the optical path, the transmitted light at a wavelength of 589.0 nm after passing through the sodium-containing flame is first detected using a spectrometer under magnetic field-free conditions to obtain the initial transmitted light intensity at this wavelength. Subsequently, the magnetic field strength acting on the sodium-containing flame region is changed by adjusting the electromagnet driving current, and the current transmitted light intensity at a wavelength of 589.0 nm is repeatedly detected under each set of magnetic field conditions. The obtained current transmitted light intensity is compared with the initial transmitted light intensity to obtain the result of the transmitted light intensity change at a wavelength of 589.0 nm. When the result of the transmitted light intensity change reaches the preset adjustment target, the current magnetic field condition is determined as the target magnetic field condition. When the result of the transmitted light intensity change does not reach the preset adjustment target, the electromagnet driving current is adjusted and the detection and comparison process is repeated until the preset adjustment target is reached. In this implementation method, using a single characteristic wavelength as the detection object can keep the transmitted light intensity detection object consistent, thereby facilitating the determination of the sodium flame shadow brightness adjustment process based on the light intensity change result at the same wavelength.

[0057] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

[0058] In conclusion, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for adjusting the brightness of sodium flame shadows based on a strong magnetic field, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Set up the experimental system, including a low-pressure sodium vapor lamp, electromagnet, attenuator, spectrometer, teslameter and Bunsen lamp; Step 2: Place salt outside the outlet of the Bunsen lamp and ignite the Bunsen lamp to form a sodium-containing flame. The light emitted by the low-pressure sodium vapor lamp passes through the sodium-containing flame and forms an initial shadow under the condition of no magnetic field. Step 3: Adjust the driving current of the electromagnet so that the electromagnet outputs magnetic fields of different intensities in the area where the sodium-containing flame is located. Step 4: Under different magnetic field conditions, detect the changes in transmitted light intensity in the region corresponding to the initial shadow. Step 5: Compare the current detection result with the preset adjustment target. If the current detection result meets the preset adjustment target, determine the current magnetic field action condition as the target magnetic field action condition. Step 6: If the preset adjustment target is not met, continue to adjust the electromagnet drive current and repeat the detection and comparison process until the preset adjustment target is reached. In step 6, an electromagnet driving current optimization model based on transmitted light intensity feedback is introduced. Iterative approximation is performed based on the current detection results, eliminating the reliance on manual trial-and-error adjustment of the electromagnet driving current. This includes: using the transmitted light intensity detected at the same wavelength as the feedback quantity, taking the preset target transmitted light intensity as the optimization target, and using the correspondence between the electromagnet driving current and the magnetic induction intensity to iteratively correct the electromagnet driving current, gradually approaching the target magnetic field action conditions.

2. The method for adjusting the brightness of sodium flame shadows based on a strong magnetic field according to claim 1, characterized in that... After the low-pressure sodium vapor lamp is preheated, the low-pressure sodium vapor lamp, the center of the magnetic field, the sodium-containing flame, and the spectrometer are positioned on the same horizontal line. Under no magnetic field conditions, the spectrometer detects the same wavelength of light passing through the sodium-containing flame to obtain the initial transmitted light intensity. Based on the preset adjustment target, the target transmitted light intensity is set on the basis of the initial transmitted light intensity. The magnetic induction intensity corresponding to the electromagnet driving current is measured by a Tesla meter, and the measured results are organized into a correspondence between the electromagnet driving current and the magnetic induction intensity.

3. The method for adjusting the brightness of sodium flame shadows based on a strong magnetic field according to claim 2, characterized in that... The current driving current is input to the electromagnet, so that the sodium-containing flame is under the magnetic field condition corresponding to the current driving current, and after the magnetic field is stable, the current transmitted light intensity at the same wavelength is detected by a spectrometer.

4. The method for adjusting the brightness of sodium flame shadows based on a strong magnetic field according to claim 3, characterized in that, The current transmitted light intensity is compared with the target transmitted light intensity to obtain the current error. When the current error falls within the preset tolerance range, it is determined that the current transmitted light intensity has reached the preset adjustment target, and the magnetic field action condition corresponding to the current driving current is determined as the target magnetic field action condition.

5. The method for adjusting the brightness of sodium flame shadows based on a strong magnetic field according to claim 4, characterized in that, When the current error does not fall within the preset tolerance range, the adjustment direction of the electromagnet drive current is determined according to the direction of the current error; after determining the adjustment direction, the adjustment step size of the electromagnet drive current is adaptively corrected to avoid the problem of slow convergence speed or back-and-forth swinging around the target value when using a fixed step size.

6. The method for adjusting the brightness of sodium flame shadows based on a strong magnetic field according to claim 5, characterized in that, Based on the determined adjustment direction and adjustment step size, the electromagnet driving current is updated for the next round. Then, the iterative process of transmitted light intensity detection, error calculation, direction determination, step size correction, and driving current update is continuously completed until the current error falls within the preset tolerance range.

7. The method for adjusting the brightness of sodium flame shadows based on a strong magnetic field according to claim 5, characterized in that, The adaptive correction of the adjustment step size of the electromagnet drive current includes: using the current interval between two adjacent sets of calibration currents in the pre-established correspondence between electromagnet drive current and magnetic induction intensity as the basic adjustment unit; when the current error exceeds three times the preset tolerance range, using four basic adjustment units; when the current error is between one and three times the preset tolerance range, using two basic adjustment units; when the error is close to the preset tolerance range, using one basic adjustment unit as the adjustment step size for the next round of drive current; when the sign of the error changes between two adjacent rounds, adjusting in the opposite direction and halving the adjustment step size for the next round, but not less than one basic adjustment unit; when the sign of the error does not change between two adjacent rounds and the error decreases, decreasing the step size by one level; when the error does not decrease, increasing the step size by one level, but not exceeding four basic adjustment units.

8. The method for adjusting the brightness of sodium flame shadows based on a strong magnetic field according to claim 1, characterized in that, The salt is disposed on the outside of the Bunsen lamp outlet in any of the following forms: saturated salt water, salt blocks, or a thin layer of loose salt crystals.

9. The method for adjusting the brightness of sodium flame shadows based on a strong magnetic field according to claim 1, characterized in that, The initial transmitted light intensity at the same wavelength is first obtained under the condition of no magnetic field, using either 589.0 nm or 589.6 nm.

10. The method for adjusting the brightness of sodium flame shadows based on a strong magnetic field according to claim 1, characterized in that, Under non-magnetic field conditions, the light emitted by the low-pressure sodium vapor lamp passes through the sodium-containing flame and forms the initial shadow in the corresponding area behind the sodium-containing flame.

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