A method and system for dynamic guidance of laboring forces based on uterine contraction signals

Abstract

The application discloses a delivery force dynamic guidance method and system based on uterine contraction signals, and relates to the technical field of medical monitoring equipment.The method comprises the following steps: acquiring the uterine contraction pressure signals and force signals of a lying-in woman in real time; monitoring the uterine contraction pressure signals in real time; after identifying the starting point of one uterine contraction, generating a dynamic force guidance curve synchronized with the uterine contraction pressure signals; the dynamic force guidance curve comprises a plurality of continuous force sub-periods, each force sub-period comprises a force segment and a ventilation segment, and the number of force sub-periods is dynamically determined according to the predicted duration of the uterine contraction pressure signals in one uterine contraction period; generating an actual force intensity curve based on the force signals; and superimposing and displaying the dynamic force guidance curve and the actual force intensity curve in real time.The application solves the problems in the prior art that the delivery force guidance mainly depends on oral instructions, the guidance information is fuzzy, lacks quantitative standards, has no real-time effect feedback, and causes the lying-in woman to have low force efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of medical monitoring equipment technology, and in particular to a method and system for dynamic guidance of labor exertion based on uterine contraction signals. Background Technology

[0002] During the second stage of labor, the mother needs to push voluntarily in rhythm with contractions to help the baby pass through the birth canal. Currently, the most common clinical method of guiding pushing is for the midwife to verbally instruct the mother at the delivery bedside, such as telling her "push," "push a little more," or "relax." The midwife typically judges the stage of contractions by palpating the mother's abdomen to assess the intensity of contractions, or by observing the contraction pressure curve displayed on the fetal monitor, combined with her own clinical experience, and then provides pushing advice accordingly.

[0003] The existing technical solutions described above have the following technical problems: First, the guidance information is vague and non-quantifiable. For example, instructions such as "longer" or "slower" cannot accurately tell the mother how much force to use at different stages of contractions and how to smoothly transition between them. Second, there is an inherent delay in the transmission of verbal instructions. From the midwife's perception of changes in contractions to issuing instructions, and then to the mother receiving and executing those instructions, there is a time lag, which can easily lead to asynchrony between the mother's actual exertion and the rhythm of contractions. Finally, this method heavily relies on the midwife's personal experience and energy. In busy delivery rooms where one midwife needs to monitor multiple mothers, it is difficult to guarantee continuous, accurate, and personalized guidance for each mother. This is especially true for mothers who have received epidural anesthesia, whose ability to perceive contractions is weakened, making them even more dependent on effective guidance.

[0004] Therefore, existing technologies for guiding traditional labor exertion rely on subjective experience, have poor synchronization between guidance and uterine contraction rhythm, and lack real-time quantitative feedback on exertion. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a method and system for dynamic guidance of labor exertion based on uterine contraction signals, which can solve the problems in the existing technology that mainly relies on verbal instructions for guidance of labor exertion, resulting in vague guidance information, lack of quantitative standards, no real-time effect feedback, and low efficiency of labor exertion.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following solution: Firstly, this application provides a method for dynamic guidance of labor exertion based on uterine contraction signals, comprising: real-time acquisition of the mother's uterine contraction pressure signal and exertion signal; real-time monitoring of the uterine contraction pressure signal, identifying the starting point of a contraction, and generating a dynamic exertion guidance curve synchronized with the uterine contraction pressure signal; wherein, the dynamic exertion guidance curve includes multiple consecutive exertion sub-cycles, each exertion sub-cycle including an exertion segment and a ventilation segment, and within one contraction cycle, the number of exertion sub-cycles continues according to the prediction of the uterine contraction pressure signal. The duration is dynamically determined; within the exertion segment, the guidance intensity value of the dynamic exertion guidance curve rises from the initial value to the peak value, and then maintains a plateau at the peak value for a period of time before ending the exertion segment, the total duration of the exertion segment being the first duration; within the ventilation segment, the guidance intensity value drops to the initial value and continues for a second duration; adjacent exertion sub-cycles are connected through the ventilation segment; an actual exertion intensity curve is generated based on the exertion signal; the dynamic exertion guidance curve and the actual exertion intensity curve are superimposed and displayed in real time on the same time axis coordinate system.

[0007] In one embodiment, the number of pushing sub-cycles within one uterine contraction cycle is dynamically determined based on the predicted duration of the current contraction, the preset duration of a single pushing effort, and the preset duration of a single ventilation; the number of pushing sub-cycles is calculated according to the following formula: In the formula, The number of force sub-cycles, The predicted duration of this contraction. The duration of a single exertion. The duration of a single air exchange. This is a rest and buffer period before the end of contractions; the duration of a single exertion during the exertion phase and the duration of a single ventilation phase are dynamically adjusted according to the intensity characteristics of the contraction pressure signal.

[0008] In one embodiment, the dynamic adjustment based on the intensity characteristics of the uterine contraction pressure signal includes: when the upward slope and predicted peak value of the uterine contraction pressure signal meet a first intensity condition, setting the duration of a single exertion as the first exertion duration and the duration of a single breath as the first breath-time duration; when the upward slope and predicted peak value of the uterine contraction pressure signal meet a second intensity condition, setting the duration of a single exertion as the second exertion duration and the duration of a single breath-time duration as the second breath-time duration; when the upward slope and predicted peak value of the uterine contraction pressure signal meet a third intensity condition, setting the duration of a single exertion as the third exertion duration and the duration of a single breath-time duration as the third breath-time duration; wherein, the uterine contraction intensity corresponding to the first intensity condition, the second intensity condition, and the third intensity condition decreases sequentially, the duration of the first exertion duration, the duration of the second exertion duration, and the duration of the third exertion duration decreases sequentially, and the duration of the first breath-time duration, the duration of the second breath-time duration, and the duration of the third breath-time duration increase sequentially.

[0009] In one embodiment, the peak value of the guide strength value of the force segment is limited by a maximum recommended force strength that can be adaptively adjusted.

[0010] In one embodiment, the initial value of the maximum recommended force intensity is determined through a capability calibration process, including: before the start of the second stage of labor, guiding the mother to make multiple maximum force attempts, recording the maximum force intensity value of each force attempt, and determining the initial maximum recommended force intensity based on the median or average of the multiple maximum force intensity values ​​multiplied by a safety factor.

[0011] In one embodiment, the maximum recommended pushing intensity is adaptively adjusted based on the actual maximum pushing intensity of the mother during preceding contractions, including: recording the actual maximum pushing intensity value of the actual pushing intensity curve during at least two preceding effective contractions; calculating the moving average of the actual maximum pushing intensity values ​​during the at least two contractions; and updating the maximum recommended pushing intensity for the next contraction cycle based on the moving average and the current maximum recommended pushing intensity value.

[0012] In one embodiment, updating the maximum recommended pushing intensity for the next contraction cycle based on the moving average and the current maximum recommended pushing intensity value is performed according to the following formula: In the formula, This is the updated maximum recommended force intensity. The moving average, The current maximum recommended force value. This is the learning rate.

[0013] In one embodiment, the maximum recommended exertion intensity is further adaptively adjusted based on the mother's accuracy in following the dynamic exertion guidance curve, including: calculating the average deviation between the actual exertion intensity curve and the dynamic exertion guidance curve within one contraction cycle, and determining the following accuracy based on the ratio of the average deviation to the maximum recommended exertion intensity; increasing the maximum recommended exertion intensity when the following accuracy for two consecutive contractions is higher than a first threshold; and decreasing the maximum recommended exertion intensity when the following accuracy for two consecutive contractions is lower than a second threshold.

[0014] In one embodiment, identifying the starting point of a contraction includes: continuously monitoring the contraction pressure signal; determining the starting point of a contraction when the contraction pressure signal rises from the dynamic baseline and meets preset conditions for the magnitude and slope of the rise; determining the ending point of a contraction when the contraction pressure signal falls to near the dynamic baseline and meets preset conditions for the magnitude and duration of the fall; and resetting the dynamic force guidance curve to zero in response to determining the ending point of a contraction.

[0015] Secondly, this application provides a dynamic labor exertion guidance system based on uterine contraction signals, comprising: a signal acquisition module for real-time acquisition of the mother's uterine contraction pressure signals and exertion signals; and a data processing module for real-time monitoring of the uterine contraction pressure signals, identifying the starting point of a contraction, and generating a dynamic exertion guidance curve synchronized with the uterine contraction pressure signals; wherein the dynamic exertion guidance curve includes multiple consecutive exertion sub-cycles, each exertion sub-cycle including an exertion segment and a ventilation segment, and the number of exertion sub-cycles within one contraction cycle is dynamically determined according to the predicted duration of the uterine contraction pressure signals. Within the force application segment, the guidance intensity value of the dynamic force application guidance curve rises from the initial value to the peak value, and then maintains a plateau at the peak value for a period of time before ending the force application segment. The total duration of the force application segment is the first duration. Within the ventilation segment, the guidance intensity value drops to the initial value and remains for a second duration. Adjacent force application sub-cycles are connected by the ventilation segment. The data processing module is also used to generate an actual force application intensity curve based on the force application signal. The display module, electrically connected to the data processing module, is used to overlay and display the dynamic force application guidance curve and the actual force application intensity curve in real time on the same time axis coordinate system.

[0016] According to the specific embodiments provided in this application, the following technical effects are disclosed: This application provides a method and system for dynamic guidance of labor exertion based on uterine contraction signals. By acquiring the uterine contraction pressure signals and exertion signals of the parturient in real time, it solves the problem that the guidance of exertion in the prior art relies on the subjective experience judgment of the midwife and lacks objective physiological signal basis. It realizes the replacement of manual palpation perception with standardized data collection, and provides a real-time and quantitative signal basis for subsequent dynamic guidance. By monitoring uterine contraction pressure signals in real time and generating a synchronous dynamic exertion guidance curve after identifying the starting point of a contraction, the dynamic exertion guidance curve includes multiple continuous exertion sub-cycles. Each exertion sub-cycle includes an exertion segment and a breathing segment. The number of exertion sub-cycles is dynamically determined according to the predicted duration of the uterine contraction pressure signal. This solves the problem that existing discrete prompts cannot guide mothers to exert rhythmic intermittent force within a single contraction. It achieves personalized matching between the exertion guidance curve and the actual duration of each contraction, enabling mothers to allocate their energy according to the rhythm of exertion-breathing-exertion-breathing, avoiding hypoxia and exhaustion caused by prolonged breath-holding. By generating an actual force intensity curve based on the force signal and displaying it in real time on the same time axis coordinate system as the dynamic force guidance curve, this technology solves the problems of lacking real-time quantitative feedback of actual force intensity and the inability of mothers to intuitively know the deviation between their own force and the target. It realizes real-time closed-loop feedback of measurement, display, comparison and correction, enabling mothers to instinctively adjust their actual force to match the guidance curve by using the high sensitivity of the visual system to spatial position deviation, thus shortening the feedback delay and improving the accuracy of force following. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the functional modules of a dynamic guidance system for labor exertion based on uterine contraction signals in one embodiment of this application; Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating a dynamic guidance method for labor exertion based on uterine contraction signals, provided as an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the correspondence between uterine contraction pressure waveform and dynamic force guidance curve provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a hyperbola overlay with visual cues provided for another embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0020] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0021] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, a dynamic labor exertion guidance system based on uterine contraction signals is provided, comprising: The signal acquisition module 101 is used to acquire the uterine contraction pressure signal and the pushing signal of the parturient in real time. Specifically, the uterine contraction pressure signal can be acquired through the uterine contraction pressure sensor, i.e., the external uterine pressure probe, which is fixed to the bottom of the uterus in the parturient's abdomen with a strap, with a sampling rate of not less than 20Hz. The pushing signal can be acquired through the rectus abdominis muscle electromyography sensor, which is attached to the rectus abdominis muscle area of ​​the parturient with a surface electrode patch, with a sampling rate of not less than 50Hz. As an alternative, the pushing signal can also be acquired through the abdominal pressure sensor, i.e., the airbag pressure sensor, which is fixed to the parturient's abdomen with a strap; or through the handheld pressure ball, which is held by the parturient with both hands, and the grip force is measured by the pressure sensor inside the ball; or through the integrated sensor array of the abdominal band to measure the abdominal pressure distribution at multiple points; or through the abdominal wall motion detection device based on accelerometer.

[0022] The data processing module 102 is electrically connected to the signal acquisition module 101. This module includes a signal amplification and filtering circuit, an analog-to-digital converter, and a microcontroller or embedded processor. The data processing module is used to perform signal preprocessing, generation of dynamic force guidance curves, generation of actual force intensity curves, and deviation calculation.

[0023] Display module 103, which is electrically connected to data processing module 102, is a large-size color LCD screen, with a recommended size of not less than 15 inches. It is installed on an adjustable bracket directly in front of the mother's field of vision and is used to overlay and display the dynamic force guidance curve and the actual force intensity curve in the same time axis coordinate system in real time.

[0024] The prompting module 104 is electrically connected to the data processing module 102. This module includes a speaker, a vibration motor, and an LED indicator. The vibration motor can be integrated into a vibration bracelet worn on the mother's wrist. The speaker is used to emit voice prompts or alert sounds, and the LED indicator can be located on the bezel of the display module to provide visual prompts.

[0025] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, a method for dynamic guidance of labor exertion based on uterine contraction signals is provided. This method is executed by a computer device and includes the following steps: S11, System Initialization S12, real-time acquisition of uterine contraction pressure and pushing signals. S13 automatically identifies the start and end of uterine contractions. This includes S131, which determines whether a contraction has started, and S132, which determines whether a contraction has ended.

[0026] S14 generates a dynamic continuous force guidance curve.

[0027] S15 generates the actual force intensity curve.

[0028] S16, hyperbolic curve overlay display on the same screen.

[0029] S17, Deviation Detection and Multimodal Hints.

[0030] S18: Rest tips during contraction intervals.

[0031] S19: Repeat S12 to S18 until the fetus is delivered.

[0032] The implementation process of one embodiment of this application will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples.

[0033] For example, the system initialization in S11 described above.

[0034] Specifically, the device performs a power-on self-test to confirm that all sensors are properly connected and that signal quality is good. The operator, usually a midwife, sets basic parameters via a touchscreen or physical buttons, including basic information about the mother, such as whether she is a first-time mother or has given birth before, the exertion intensity threshold, and the deviation alarm threshold. The system then enters standby mode, displaying a coordinate system with a zero baseline, awaiting the input of uterine contraction signals.

[0035] During the initialization phase, determine the initial maximum recommended pushing intensity. The preferred method is to determine the initial maximum recommended pushing intensity through a capacity calibration process: before the start of the second stage of labor, guide the mother to perform multiple (e.g., 3) maximum pushing attempts, record the maximum pushing intensity value of each attempt, and multiply the median or average value by a safety factor to obtain the initial maximum recommended pushing intensity value. The safety factor is typically set between 0.8 and 0.9 to ensure that the initial guidance intensity is within the mother's safe capacity.

[0036] Another approach is for midwives to manually set the initial maximum recommended pushing intensity value based on clinical experience. For first-time mothers, those with weaker physical strength, or those receiving epidural anesthesia, the initial maximum recommended pushing intensity value is set to a lower value, such as corresponding to an abdominal pressure of 30 to 50 mmHg; for multiparous mothers with better physical strength, the initial maximum recommended pushing intensity value is set to a higher value, such as corresponding to an abdominal pressure of 80 to 100 mmHg.

[0037] For example, the above-mentioned S12 collects uterine contraction pressure signals and force signals in real time.

[0038] Specifically, the signal acquisition module continuously acquires uterine contraction pressure signals at a sampling rate of not less than 20Hz and continuously acquires force signals at a sampling rate of not less than 50Hz. Both signals are transmitted to the data processing module in real time.

[0039] The data processing module performs real-time filtering on the two signals, including 50Hz power frequency notch filtering and 0.5 to 10Hz bandpass filtering, and performs baseline correction to eliminate motion artifacts and baseline drift.

[0040] For example, the above-mentioned S13 automatically identifies the start and end of uterine contractions.

[0041] Specifically, the data processing module continuously monitors uterine contraction pressure values ​​and calculates a dynamic baseline using a sliding window mean, denoted as... .

[0042] S131, Determine if contractions have started: When the contraction pressure rises from the baseline, and three consecutive sampling points exceed the baseline plus 5 mmHg with an upward slope of not less than 2 mmHg / s, the preset conditions for the rise amplitude and the upward slope are met, and it is determined that a contraction has started.

[0043] S132, Determine if the contraction has terminated: When the contraction pressure drops to within 3 mmHg above the baseline, and five consecutive sampling points are below this threshold, the preset drop amplitude and duration conditions are met, and the contraction is determined to have ended.

[0044] The judgment results of the above steps S131 and S132 respectively trigger the generation and termination of the dynamic force guidance curve.

[0045] For example, the above-mentioned S14 generates a dynamic continuous force guidance curve.

[0046] Specifically, in this embodiment, the dynamic force guidance curve includes multiple consecutive force sub-cycles, each of which includes a force application segment and a ventilation segment. For example... Figure 3 The diagram illustrates the correspondence between the uterine contraction pressure waveform and the dynamic pushing guidance curve. The uterine contraction pressure waveform is divided into an ascending phase, a peak phase, and a descending phase along the time axis, with the baseline as the pressure reference line, fully presenting the pressure change process within a single contraction cycle. The dynamic pushing guidance curve consists of multiple consecutive pushing sub-cycles. Each pushing sub-cycle is further divided into a pushing segment and a breathing segment. In the pushing segment, the guidance intensity value gradually increases from the initial value to the maximum recommended pushing intensity, and then maintains a plateau phase after reaching the maximum recommended pushing intensity. The plateau phase lasts until the preset pushing duration of the pushing segment ends. After the plateau phase ends, the breathing segment begins. In the breathing segment, the guidance intensity value returns to zero and maintains a preset breathing duration (e.g., 2-4 seconds) to prompt the mother to breathe quickly. After the breathing segment ends, the pushing segment of the next sub-cycle automatically begins, and this cycle continues until the contraction ends.

[0047] In this embodiment, the number of force sub-cycles within one uterine contraction cycle Based on the predicted duration of this contraction The value is determined dynamically and calculated using the following formula: (1); In equation (1), The number of force sub-cycles, The predicted duration of this contraction. The duration of a single exertion. The duration of a single air exchange. This is a rest and buffer period before contractions end; The value range is limited to 1 to 4, that is, when the calculation result is less than 1, it is taken as 1, and when it is greater than 4, it is taken as 4.

[0048] Among them, the predicted duration of this contraction The method of obtaining it can be any one of the following methods or a combination thereof: Method 1: Statistical prediction based on preceding contractions. The data processing module records the actual duration of several effective contractions that occurred during the second stage of labor and calculates their moving average or takes the duration of the most recent contraction as the current contraction. The predicted value. For example, the moving average of the duration of the previous 3 effective contractions can be used.

[0049] Method 2: Real-time prediction based on the upward slope of the current contraction. After identifying the onset point of a contraction, the data processing module continuously calculates the upward slope of the contraction pressure signal in the initial segment. Based on a pre-established mapping relationship between the upward slope and the total duration, the module predicts the current contraction in real time. For example, contractions with a steeper upward slope (strong contractions) usually last longer, while contractions with a shallower upward slope (weak contractions) last shorter. This mapping relationship can be pre-set and stored in the data processing module based on statistical analysis of a large amount of clinical contraction waveform data.

[0050] Using the methods described above, the system can obtain information in the early stages of contractions. The predicted values ​​are used to complete the sub-cycle division and the generation of the guidance curve in a timely manner.

[0051] In this embodiment, during the force application segment of each force application sub-cycle, the guidance intensity value of the dynamic force application guidance curve rises from the initial value (usually 0) to the peak value of that sub-cycle and remains there for a first duration, i.e., the duration of a single force application. During the rising phase of contraction, the guidance intensity value increases linearly with the intensity value of the uterine contraction pressure signal. Specifically, the guidance intensity value... Calculate using the following formula: Equation (2); In equation (2), This represents the intensity value of the uterine contraction pressure signal at the current moment. The dynamic baseline calculated in real time in step S13, This represents the predicted total peak value of this contraction. This is the preset maximum recommended force intensity. When When the local peak threshold corresponding to the sub-cycle is reached or exceeded, the guidance intensity value is maintained at... .

[0052] when Reaching or exceeding the predicted peak value of this contraction The preset ratio threshold, such as 0.9× At that time, the guidance intensity value remained at Control guidance intensity value maintained at The system enters a plateau phase, which continues until the end of that phase. After the plateau phase ends, the system immediately enters a ventilation phase.

[0053] In this embodiment, the total duration of the force segment in each force sub-cycle is... It is clearly divided into an ascending phase and a plateau phase. The duration of the ascending phase is related to the increase in uterine contraction pressure from the initial point to a preset threshold (e.g., 0.9 × 10⁻⁶). The actual duration of contractions is related to the time taken, dynamically measured by real-time collected uterine contraction pressure signals; the duration of the plateau phase is the total duration of the pushing phase. Subtract the duration of the rising phase. Through the above division of the rising phase and the plateau phase, in the early stage of pushing, the intensity of the push is guided to increase smoothly as the contraction pressure rises. After the contractions reach their peak intensity, the plateau phase provides the mother with continuous and stable maximum pushing.

[0054] Among them, the predicted total peak value of this contraction The following methods can be used to obtain the data: statistical prediction based on the actual peak value of the preceding effective uterine contractions, for example, taking the moving average of the actual peak values ​​of the previous 3 effective uterine contractions.

[0055] During the ventilation phase, the guidance intensity value drops to the initial value and remains there for the second duration, i.e., the duration of a single ventilation cycle. Adjacent exertion cycles are connected by a breathing interval, and multiple exertion cycles are arranged sequentially within one uterine contraction cycle.

[0056] By dividing a single uterine contraction into multiple pushing-breathing sub-cycles, the mother can perform rhythmic, intermittent pushing during contractions, avoiding hypoxia and exhaustion caused by prolonged breath-holding. Simultaneously, the guide intensity value within each sub-cycle's pushing segment maintains a positive correlation with the contraction pressure signal, allowing the mother's pushing intensity to dynamically adjust with instantaneous changes in contraction pressure.

[0057] In this embodiment, the peak value of the guide strength value of the force segment is adaptively adjustable by a maximum recommended force strength. Limitations. The adaptive adjustment method for the maximum recommended force intensity may include the following methods, which may be used individually or in combination.

[0058] Method 1: The maximum recommended pushing intensity is adaptively adjusted based on the mother's actual maximum pushing intensity during preceding contractions. Specifically: The system records the actual maximum force intensity value of the actual force intensity curve during at least two preceding effective uterine contractions, and calculates the moving average of the above at least two actual maximum force intensity values. The calculation formula is as follows: Equation (3); In equation (3), It is a moving average. These represent the actual maximum exertion intensity values ​​during the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ..., nth preceding effective contractions, where n is the number of preceding effective contractions recorded. .

[0059] Based on the moving average and the current maximum recommended pushing intensity, update the maximum recommended pushing intensity for the next contraction cycle. Specifically, follow the formula below: Equation (4); In equation (4), This is the updated maximum recommended force intensity; The moving average calculated by equation (3) is: This represents the current maximum recommended force intensity value; α is the learning rate, with a recommended range of 0.6 to 0.8.

[0060] Method Two: The maximum recommended exertion intensity is adaptively adjusted based on the accuracy of the mother's tracking of the dynamic exertion guidance curve. Specifically: Calculate the average deviation between the actual exertion intensity curve and the dynamic exertion guidance curve within one contraction cycle, and determine the following accuracy rate based on the ratio of the average deviation to the maximum recommended exertion intensity, using the following formula: Equation (5); In equation (5), To track accuracy, This represents the average deviation between the actual exertion intensity curve and the dynamic exertion guidance curve within one contraction cycle. This represents the current maximum recommended force intensity.

[0061] When the accuracy of tracking two consecutive contractions is higher than the first threshold, the maximum recommended pushing intensity is increased; when the accuracy of tracking two consecutive contractions is lower than the second threshold, the maximum recommended pushing intensity is decreased. As an example, the first threshold can be 85%, with an increase of 5%, but not exceeding the upper limit; the second threshold can be 50%, with a decrease of 10%, but not lower than the lower limit.

[0062] Method 3: The maximum recommended pushing intensity is adaptively adjusted according to the stage of labor. In the early stage of the second stage of labor, when the fetal head is above the level of the ischial spines, the maximum recommended pushing intensity is set to the first intensity value, for example... 60%; in the late second stage of labor, when the fetal head is about to crown, the maximum recommended pushing intensity is increased to the second intensity value, for example... The maximum recommended force is 90% to 100% of the initial strength, with the second strength value being greater than the first. The force automatically decreases at the moment of delivery to prevent perineal tearing.

[0063] Method 4: Safety Protection Mechanism. When the intensity value of the actual force intensity curve continuously exceeds the maximum recommended force intensity... If the contraction intensity reaches 120% and exceeds the preset duration, such as 2 seconds, the maximum recommended force intensity for the remaining period of the current contraction cycle will be adjusted to 80% of the actual force intensity value, and an alarm will be issued through the prompt module.

[0064] In a preferred embodiment, the duration of a single application of force in the force segment is... The duration of a single air exchange in the ventilation section It is dynamically adjusted based on the intensity characteristics of uterine contraction pressure signals. Specifically: When the rising slope and predicted peak value of the uterine contraction pressure signal meet the first intensity condition, i.e., the rising slope ≥ the first slope threshold and the predicted peak value ≥ the first peak value threshold, it is determined to be a strong uterine contraction. Set it to the first exertion duration, for example, 12 seconds. Set it to the first ventilation duration, for example, 2 seconds.

[0065] When the rising slope and predicted peak value of the uterine contraction pressure signal meet the second intensity condition—that is, the rising slope is between the second slope threshold and the first slope threshold, and the predicted peak value is between the second peak value threshold and the first peak value threshold—it is determined to be a moderate to strong uterine contraction. Set it to the second exertion duration, for example, 10 seconds. Set it to the second ventilation duration, for example, 3 seconds.

[0066] When the rising slope and predicted peak value of the uterine contraction pressure signal meet the third intensity condition, i.e., the rising slope ≤ the second slope threshold or the predicted peak value ≤ the second peak value threshold, it is determined to be a weak uterine contraction. Set the duration of the third exertion, for example, 8 seconds. Set it to the third ventilation duration, for example, 4 seconds.

[0067] In this design, the contraction intensity decreases sequentially for the first, second, and third intensity conditions, while the duration of the first, second, and third pushing efforts also decreases sequentially, and the duration of the first, second, and third breaths increases sequentially. This design allows mothers to exert force continuously for a longer period and breathe for a shorter period during strong contractions to fully utilize the contraction's thrust; conversely, mothers can exert force for a shorter period and breathe for a longer period during weak contractions to conserve energy.

[0068] For example, the above-mentioned S15 generates the actual force intensity curve.

[0069] Specifically, the data processing module normalizes the force signal, mapping it to the same vertical axis range as the dynamic force guidance curve, for example, 0 to 100% of the maximum recommended force intensity. The force signal uses the real-time raw value or is high-pass filtered with a cutoff frequency of 0.1Hz to remove extremely low-frequency drift and does not employ sliding window baseline correction to ensure the immediacy of the force response. Alternatively, the same sliding window baseline correction method as the uterine contraction pressure signal can be used, but with a shorter window length, such as 2 seconds, to accommodate rapid changes in the force signal. The actual force intensity curve is plotted in real-time using the same time axis resolution as the dynamic force guidance curve.

[0070] For example, the hyperbolic display of S16 above is overlaid on the same screen.

[0071] Specifically, the display module overlays the dynamic exertion guidance curve and the actual exertion intensity curve in real time on the same coordinate system. The dynamic exertion guidance curve is displayed as a gray dashed line or a light-colored semi-transparent filled area, while the actual exertion intensity curve is displayed as a colored solid line, defaulting to green, with a semi-transparent area of ​​the same color filled below the curve. The horizontal axis displays the time window of the most recent 60 seconds, updating over time. The vertical axis represents the exertion intensity, labeled as a percentage or clinical units such as mmHg or μV. It also displays auxiliary information, including the current number of contractions, average follow-up accuracy, and encouraging text prompts, such as "You did great on your last contraction! Let's keep the same intensity this time" or "You're doing very well, you can reduce the force slightly to maintain the rhythm."

[0072] Alternative display methods: In addition to displaying the two curves superimposed on the same coordinate system, the following alternative display methods can also be used: split window display, that is, displaying the dynamic force guidance curve and the actual force intensity curve in two sub-windows respectively, but maintaining the same time axis; area fill difference display, that is, highlighting the difference area between the two curves with different colors, and the larger the deviation, the darker the fill color; dashboard auxiliary display, that is, displaying the current instantaneous force intensity analog dial or digital reading next to the curve graph; augmented reality projection, projecting the curve directly onto the delivery bed or wall in the mother's field of vision.

[0073] For example, the deviation detection and multimodal prompting in S17 above.

[0074] Specifically, the data processing module calculates the instantaneous deviation between the dynamic force guidance curve and the actual force intensity curve in real time. The calculation formula is as follows: D , Equation (6); In equation (6), D For instantaneous deviation, This represents the intensity value of the actual force intensity curve at the current moment. This represents the guidance intensity value of the dynamic force guidance curve at the current moment. This represents the current maximum recommended force intensity.

[0075] When the instantaneous deviation continuously exceeds a preset threshold, such as 20%, for more than 1 second, a multimodal cue is triggered. The multimodal cue includes at least one of visual cues, tactile cues, or auditory cues.

[0076] Visual cues include changing the displayed color of the actual force intensity curve, which gradually changes from green to orange or red. For example... Figure 4 The diagram shown is a hyperbolic overlay with visual cues. This diagram is a magnified view of a single force segment in the aforementioned dynamic force guidance curve, used to provide real-time visual feedback on the force application process. Within a single force segment, curve 1 is the dynamic force guidance curve, defining the standard force intensity corresponding to each time point within that segment; curve 2 is the actual force intensity curve, generated by real-time collection of the user's force data, reflecting the actual force application process. The two curves are overlaid on the same coordinate system, with the horizontal axis representing the time axis within the force segment and the vertical axis representing the force intensity axis. The system compares the two curves point by point. When it detects that the actual force intensity exceeds the force intensity at the corresponding time point (i.e., excessive force), a color-changing visual cue is triggered: the display color of the actual force intensity curve gradually changes from a normal light tone to red. The greater the deviation, the wider the red coverage area and the darker the color, thus intuitively prompting the user to adjust the force application rhythm and avoid improper force application.

[0077] Tactile cues include vibration; if too much force is applied, then... > +Threshold triggers a short vibration alert every 0.5 seconds; insufficient force results in... < - Threshold triggers low-frequency vibrations. Auditory cues include voice prompts or tone changes; if insufficient force is applied, a gentle voice prompt, such as "apply a little more force," is triggered. Once the deviation returns to normal, the prompts automatically stop, and the actual force intensity curve returns to green.

[0078] The data processing module also monitors the actual force intensity value relative to the current maximum recommended force intensity in real time. The proportion. When the actual force intensity value continuously exceeds... When the contraction intensity reaches 120% and lasts for more than a preset safety threshold (e.g., 2 seconds), the system automatically determines this as excessive exertion and immediately performs the following safety protection operation: The dynamic exertion guidance curve for the remaining period of the current contraction cycle is adjusted downwards, reducing the maximum recommended exertion intensity to 80% of the current actual exertion intensity value. However, the adjusted maximum recommended exertion intensity will not exceed the value before this adjustment. It also issues high-priority alarms through the prompt module and displays the text prompt "excessive force" on the display interface. This safety protection mechanism can effectively prevent risks such as perineal tearing and fatigue caused by excessive force in postpartum women.

[0079] For example, the rest reminder during the contraction interval in S18 above.

[0080] Specifically, in response to the determination of the termination point of a contraction, the dynamic exertion guidance curve is reset to zero, and a rest prompt is displayed on the interface, such as displaying the text "Resting" in the coordinate system. During the interval between contractions, when a exertion signal is detected, i.e., the mother exerts force incorrectly, a rest prompt is triggered. The rest prompt includes at least one of the following: displaying a text prompt, triggering vibration, or emitting a prompting sound, such as emitting a gentle prompting sound and the text "Please relax and wait for the next contraction".

[0081] For example, the above S19 is performed cyclically until the fetus is delivered.

[0082] Specifically, the system repeats steps S12 to S18, executing the cycle with each contraction. The midwife can assess the mother's pushing coordination based on the trend chart of follow-up accuracy displayed on the screen, and adjust parameters such as the maximum recommended pushing intensity as necessary. After the baby is delivered, the operator manually stops the system, or the system automatically stops upon detecting a sharp change in the pushing signal.

[0083] In another alternative implementation, the dynamic force guidance curve can also be generated in advance based on a machine learning prediction model.

[0084] The dynamic exertion guidance curve generation method described in the foregoing embodiments is based on real-time segmentation of sub-cycles according to the predicted duration and intensity characteristics of the current contraction. Alternatively, this embodiment provides a predictive generation method: a pre-trained machine learning model is deployed within the data processing module. This model takes a portion of the rising segment data of historical contraction waveforms as input and learns to predict the complete pressure waveform of the current contraction. In practical application, after the system identifies the starting point of a contraction, it does not wait for the contraction to fully unfold, but immediately inputs the currently collected initial waveform segment of the contraction (such as data from the first 1-2 seconds) into the model. Based on this segment and the historical patterns of previous contractions, the model quickly outputs the predicted complete waveform of the current contraction, including the predicted duration. The data processing module then generates a complete dynamic pushing guidance curve covering the entire contraction cycle based on the prediction results and the aforementioned sub-cycle division rules. The advantage of this approach is that the mother can see a preview of the entire pushing process from the early stages, which helps her better plan her pushing rhythm, and is especially suitable for mothers with regular contraction rhythms.

[0085] This application also provides an extension of the application scenarios: in addition to the intrapartum guidance described in the above embodiments, that is, for the second stage of actual labor, it can also be used for prenatal training, that is, for labor simulation training in late pregnancy, without connecting to real uterine contraction pressure signals, using a preset uterine contraction template; or for postpartum assessment, that is, for assessing the recovery of the mother's pelvic floor muscles; or for remote monitoring, sending data to the midwife's handheld terminal via a wireless network to achieve remote monitoring.

[0086] In one exemplary embodiment, a computer device is also provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps in the above-described method embodiments.

[0087] In one exemplary embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the above-described method embodiments.

[0088] In one exemplary embodiment, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the above-described method embodiments.

[0089] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, data stored, data displayed, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use and processing of the relevant data must comply with relevant regulations.

[0090] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0091] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the methods and core ideas of this application. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this application, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A method for dynamic guidance of labor exertion based on uterine contraction signals, characterized in that, include: Real-time acquisition of uterine contraction pressure signals and pushing signals from the mother; The uterine contraction pressure signal is monitored in real time. After identifying the starting point of a contraction, a dynamic exertion guidance curve synchronized with the uterine contraction pressure signal is generated. This dynamic exertion guidance curve includes multiple consecutive exertion sub-cycles. Each exertion sub-cycle includes an exertion segment and a ventilation segment. Within one contraction cycle, the number of exertion sub-cycles is dynamically determined based on the predicted duration of the uterine contraction pressure signal. Within the exertion segment, the guidance intensity value of the dynamic exertion guidance curve rises from its initial value to a peak value, maintains a plateau at the peak value for a period of time, and then ends the exertion segment. The total duration of the exertion segment is the first duration. Within the ventilation segment, the guidance intensity value decreases to the initial value and remains for a second duration. Adjacent exertion sub-cycles are connected by the ventilation segment. Generate an actual force intensity curve based on the force signal; The dynamic force guidance curve and the actual force intensity curve are superimposed and displayed in real time on the same time axis coordinate system.

2. The method for dynamic guidance of labor exertion based on uterine contraction signals according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of pushing sub-cycles within one uterine contraction cycle is dynamically determined based on the predicted duration of the current uterine contraction, the preset duration of a single pushing, and the preset duration of a single breathing. The number of force sub-cycles is calculated using the following formula: ； In the formula, The number of force sub-cycles, The predicted duration of this contraction. The duration of a single exertion. The duration of a single air exchange. This is a rest and buffer period before contractions end; The duration of a single exertion during the exertion phase and the duration of a single ventilation phase during the ventilation phase are dynamically adjusted based on the intensity characteristics of the uterine contraction pressure signal.

3. The method for dynamic guidance of labor exertion based on uterine contraction signals according to claim 2, characterized in that, The dynamic adjustment based on the intensity characteristics of uterine contraction pressure signals includes: When the rising slope and predicted peak value of the uterine contraction pressure signal meet the first intensity condition, the duration of a single exertion is set as the first exertion duration, and the duration of a single ventilation is set as the first ventilation duration. When the rising slope and predicted peak value of the uterine contraction pressure signal meet the second intensity condition, the duration of a single exertion is set as the second exertion duration, and the duration of a single ventilation is set as the second ventilation duration. When the rising slope and predicted peak value of the uterine contraction pressure signal meet the third intensity condition, the duration of a single exertion is set as the third exertion duration, and the duration of a single breath is set as the third breath. Among them, the uterine contraction intensity corresponding to the first intensity condition, the second intensity condition, and the third intensity condition decreases in sequence, the duration of the first exertion, the duration of the second exertion, and the duration of the third exertion decreases in sequence, and the duration of the first ventilation, the duration of the second ventilation, and the duration of the third ventilation increase in sequence.

4. The method for dynamic guidance of labor exertion based on uterine contraction signals according to claim 1, characterized in that, The peak value of the guide strength value of the force segment is limited by a maximum recommended force strength that can be adaptively adjusted.

5. The method for dynamic guidance of labor exertion based on uterine contraction signals according to claim 4, characterized in that, The initial value of the maximum recommended force intensity is determined through a capability calibration process, which includes: before the start of the second stage of labor, guiding the mother to make multiple maximum force attempts, recording the maximum force intensity value of each attempt, and determining the initial maximum recommended force intensity based on the median or average of the multiple maximum force intensity values ​​multiplied by a safety factor.

6. The method for dynamic guidance of labor exertion based on uterine contraction signals according to claim 4, characterized in that, The maximum recommended pushing intensity is adaptively adjusted based on the actual maximum pushing intensity of the mother during preceding contractions, including: Record the actual maximum force intensity value of the actual force intensity curve during at least two preceding effective uterine contractions; Calculate the moving average of the actual maximum force intensity values ​​from at least two trials; Based on the moving average and the current maximum recommended pushing intensity value, update the maximum recommended pushing intensity for the next contraction cycle.

7. The method for dynamic guidance of labor exertion based on uterine contraction signals according to claim 6, characterized in that, The step of updating the maximum recommended pushing intensity for the next contraction cycle based on the moving average and the current maximum recommended pushing intensity value is performed according to the following formula: ； In the formula, This is the updated maximum recommended force intensity. The moving average, The current maximum recommended force value. This is the learning rate.

8. The method for dynamic guidance of labor exertion based on uterine contraction signals according to claim 4, characterized in that, The maximum recommended exertion intensity is also adaptively adjusted based on the accuracy of the mother's following the dynamic exertion guidance curve, including: Calculate the average deviation between the actual exertion intensity curve and the dynamic exertion guidance curve within one contraction cycle, and determine the following accuracy based on the ratio of the average deviation to the maximum recommended exertion intensity; When the accuracy of following two consecutive contractions is higher than the first threshold, the maximum recommended force intensity is increased. When the accuracy of following two consecutive contractions is lower than the second threshold, the maximum recommended force intensity is reduced.

9. The method for dynamic guidance of labor exertion based on uterine contraction signals according to claim 1, characterized in that, The identification of the starting point of a uterine contraction includes: The contraction pressure signal is continuously monitored. When the contraction pressure signal rises from the dynamic baseline and meets the preset rise amplitude and rise slope conditions, it is determined as the starting point of a contraction. When the uterine contraction pressure signal drops to near the dynamic baseline and meets the preset drop amplitude and duration conditions, it is determined to be the termination point of a uterine contraction; in response to the determination of the termination point of a uterine contraction, the dynamic force guidance curve is reset to zero.

10. A dynamic labor exertion guidance system based on uterine contraction signals, characterized in that, include: The signal acquisition module is used to acquire the uterine contraction pressure signal and pushing signal of the parturient in real time; The data processing module is used to monitor the uterine contraction pressure signal in real time, identify the starting point of a contraction, and generate a dynamic exertion guidance curve synchronized with the uterine contraction pressure signal. The dynamic exertion guidance curve includes multiple consecutive exertion sub-cycles, each including an exertion segment and a ventilation segment. Within one contraction cycle, the number of exertion sub-cycles is dynamically determined based on the predicted duration of the uterine contraction pressure signal. Within the exertion segment, the guidance intensity value of the dynamic exertion guidance curve rises from its initial value to a peak value, maintains a plateau at the peak value for a period, and then ends the exertion segment; the total duration of the exertion segment is the first duration. Within the ventilation segment, the guidance intensity value decreases to the initial value and remains for a second duration. Adjacent exertion sub-cycles are connected by the ventilation segment. The data processing module is also used to generate an actual exertion intensity curve based on the exertion signal. The display module is electrically connected to the data processing module and is used to overlay and display the dynamic force guidance curve and the actual force intensity curve in the same time axis coordinate system in real time.

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