A multi-tool cooperative large-diameter optical lens optical processing device and method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of optical processing, and particularly provides a multi-tool cooperative large-aperture optical lens optical processing device and method, which comprises: a first guide rail and a second guide rail arranged in parallel with each other; the bottom of a first Y-shaped column and the bottom of a second Y-shaped column are respectively arranged vertically on the first guide rail and the second guide rail, and the Y-shaped column moves along the sliding direction of the guide rail; the two ends of a first cross beam and a second cross beam are respectively connected to the first Y-shaped column and the second Y-shaped column, and the first cross beam and the second cross beam are parallel; a workpiece table is arranged below the first cross beam and the second cross beam, and the side of the first cross beam and the second cross beam facing the workpiece table is provided with a third guide rail, at least two displacement controllers are arranged on the third guide rail, a tool end is arranged on the displacement controller, and the displacement controller is used to drive the tool end to move along the sliding direction of the third guide rail. According to the present application, a plurality of processing tools are arranged on the cross beam, and the guide rail is used to drive the Y-shaped column to drive the plurality of processing tools to process the workpiece.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of optical processing technology, and in particular relates to an optical processing equipment and method for large-aperture optical lenses using a multi-tool collaborative approach. Background Technology

[0002] Large-aperture optical elements have wide applications in aerospace and astronomical observation. With technological advancements, the performance requirements for optical systems are increasing. According to optical theory, the angular resolution of an imaging system is inversely proportional to its effective aperture, while its light-gathering ability is directly proportional to the square of the aperture. Therefore, increasing the mirror aperture has become a key means to improve the overall performance of optical systems. However, due to limitations in material removal mechanisms and current manufacturing processes, the processing cycle for large-aperture mirrors often takes several months or even more than a year, becoming one of the bottlenecks restricting the progress of system development.

[0003] Currently, precision polishing of optical lenses mainly relies on Computer-Controlled Optical Surface Forming (CCOS) technology. Based on the Preston equation, this technology achieves deterministic material removal by precisely controlling the dwell time of the machining tool at different positions on the optical surface. To improve processing efficiency, a multi-tool collaborative machining strategy can be adopted to shorten the manufacturing cycle of large-aperture optical components. Existing research integrates two machining tools into a gantry CNC machine tool to achieve parallel processing. However, due to limitations in machine tool structure and control system, the number of tools that can be integrated is limited, resulting in limited improvement in processing efficiency. Furthermore, increasing the number of tools significantly increases the complexity of motion trajectory planning, placing higher demands on the real-time performance and coordination of the control algorithm. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention aims to provide a multi-tool collaborative optical lens optical processing equipment and method. By arranging multiple processing tools on a crossbeam, and using guide rails to realize a Y-shaped column to drive multiple processing tools to process the workpiece, and cooperating with grating processing trajectory, the processing efficiency is improved while reducing the complexity of processing trajectory planning.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution created by this invention is implemented as follows: This invention provides a multi-tool collaborative optical processing device for large-aperture optical lenses, comprising: a workpiece stage and a control module, including: The guide rail includes a first guide rail and a second guide rail arranged parallel to each other. Y-shaped column, the Y-shaped column includes: a first Y-shaped column and a second Y-shaped column, the bottom of the first Y-shaped column and the bottom of the second Y-shaped column are respectively vertically arranged on the first guide rail and the second guide rail, and the Y-shaped column moves along the sliding direction of the guide rail; The crossbeam includes a first crossbeam and a second crossbeam, with the ends of the first crossbeam and the second crossbeam respectively connected to a first Y-shaped column and a second Y-shaped column, and the first crossbeam and the second crossbeam are parallel. The workpiece table is located below the first and second crossbeams. A third guide rail is provided on the side of the first and second crossbeams facing the workpiece table. At least two displacement controllers are provided on the third guide rail. Tool ends are provided on the displacement controllers. The displacement controllers are used to drive the tool ends to move along the sliding direction of the third guide rail.

[0006] Preferably, the tool end includes: a machining tool, a linear driver, an angle adjuster, and a fourth guide rail. The linear driver is fixedly connected to the displacement controller. One end of the fourth guide rail is connected to the linear driver. The fourth guide rail is perpendicular to the third guide rail. The linear driver drives the fourth guide rail to move along the sliding direction of the fourth guide rail. The other end of the fourth guide rail is provided with an angle adjuster. The execution end of the angle adjuster is connected to the machining tool.

[0007] Another aspect of this invention provides a method for optical processing of large-aperture optical lenses using a multi-tool collaborative approach, comprising: S1: Obtain the workpiece's surface shape error, the initial removal function for each machining tool, and the machining trajectory; S2: Calculate the initial dwell time of each machining tool's dwell point using the workpiece's surface shape error and the initial removal function of each machining tool. Set a uniform dwell time and adjust the initial removal function of each machining tool so that the dwell time of each machining tool becomes a uniform dwell time under the premise that the removal amount remains unchanged. S3: Fix the workpiece on the workpiece table and mark the positions of the workpiece and the machining tools; S4: Input the workpiece surface shape error, uniform dwell time, adjusted removal function and machining trajectory into the control module. The control module generates a machining program based on the surface shape error, uniform dwell time, adjusted removal function and machining trajectory. S5: The Y-shaped column moves along the guide rail, sending each tool end above the starting dwell point, and adjusting the axis of each machining tool to be parallel to the normal direction of the workpiece's machining surface; S6: Each tool end controls the movement of each machining tool down to contact the machining surface of the workpiece; S7: Each machining tool processes the workpiece's surface according to the machining program.

[0008] Preferably, the processing trajectory is a grating processing trajectory, and each processing tool is responsible for processing one or more grating processing trajectories.

[0009] Preferably, the spacing between adjacent processing tools on the same crossbeam is set according to the spacing of the grating processing trajectory and the size of the tool end; Two machining tools located on the first and second crossbeams respectively can perform machining using the same grating machining trajectory or different grating machining trajectories.

[0010] Preferably, the distribution function of the amount of material removed from the machined surface of the workpiece. Represented as: ; in: It is a two-dimensional convolution symbol. Let be the initial removal function for the first machining tool. Let be the initial removal function for the second machining tool. For the first n The initial removal function of the machining tool, The initial dwell time of the first machining tool. The initial dwell time of the second machining tool. For the first n Initial dwell time of the machining tool.

[0011] Preferably, each processing tool corresponds one-to-one with a dwell point on the processing trajectory, and the method for selecting a uniform dwell time is: select the maximum value of the initial dwell time calculated according to the initial removal function at the dwell point corresponding to each processing tool.

[0012] Preferably, the initial removal function of the machining tool is changed by adjusting the rotational speed of the machining tool itself or the pressure on the workpiece.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects: This invention enables parallel processing of multiple tools by installing multiple tool ends on the crossbeam; by using grating processing trajectories to distribute the processing trajectory to different tool ends, the tool ends on the front and rear crossbeams can work together to process the same trajectory, thereby multiplying the processing efficiency and effectively improving the processing efficiency.

[0014] This invention uses a Y-shaped column to drive the tool end, which moves as a whole at the same speed. The tool end moves along the grating processing trajectory, and the trajectory planning does not become more complicated as the number of tool ends increases.

[0015] Based on the workpiece size and surface error distribution, this invention allows for the selection of different numbers of machining tools for processing. Unused machining tools can be moved to either side of the crossbeam or moved upwards along the fourth guide rail, away from the workpiece's machining surface. The two machining tools on the first and second crossbeams can process the same grating machining trajectory or different grating machining trajectories; the spacing between machining trajectories can be set according to the tool end dimensions. An angle adjuster can adjust in real time to ensure that the axis of the machining tool is always parallel to the normal of the workpiece's machining surface. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the invention are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a large-aperture optical lens optical processing equipment with multi-tool collaboration provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the tool end structure of a large-aperture optical lens optical processing equipment with multi-tool collaboration according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the processing trajectory of a multi-tool collaborative optical lens optical processing method provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] The reference numerals in the figures include: First guide rail 1, second guide rail 2, workpiece table 3, first Y-shaped column 4, second Y-shaped column 5, first crossbeam 6, second crossbeam 7, third guide rail 8, displacement controller 9, angle adjuster 10, linear actuator 11, fourth guide rail 12, machining tool 13. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. Similar elements in different embodiments are referred to by associated similar element reference numerals. In the following embodiments, many details are described to facilitate a better understanding of the invention. However, those skilled in the art will readily recognize that some features may be omitted in different situations, or may be replaced by other elements, materials, or methods. In some cases, some operations related to the invention are not shown or described in the specification. This is to avoid obscuring the core parts of the invention with excessive description. For those skilled in the art, detailed description of these related operations is not necessary; the relevant operations can be fully understood based on the description in the specification and general technical knowledge in the art.

[0019] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this invention can be combined to form various implementations. Furthermore, the order of the steps or actions in the method description can be changed or adjusted in a manner readily apparent to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the various orders in the specification and drawings are merely for the clear description of a particular embodiment and do not imply a mandatory order, unless otherwise stated that a particular order must be followed.

[0020] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0022] The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0023] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 In one embodiment of the present invention, a multi-tool collaborative large-aperture optical lens optical processing device is provided, comprising: a workpiece stage 3 and a control module, including: The guide rail includes: a first guide rail 1 and a second guide rail 2 arranged parallel to each other; Y-shaped column, the Y-shaped column includes: first Y-shaped column 4 and second Y-shaped column 5, the bottom of the first Y-shaped column 4 and the bottom of the second Y-shaped column 5 are respectively vertically arranged on the first guide rail 1 and the second guide rail 2, and the Y-shaped column moves along the sliding direction of the guide rail. The crossbeam includes a first crossbeam 6 and a second crossbeam 7. The two ends of the first crossbeam 6 and the second crossbeam 7 are respectively connected to the first Y-shaped column 4 and the second Y-shaped column 5. The first crossbeam 6 and the second crossbeam 7 are parallel. The workpiece table 3 is located below the first crossbeam 6 and the second crossbeam 7. A third guide rail 8 is provided on the side of the first crossbeam 6 and the second crossbeam 7 facing the workpiece table 3. At least two displacement controllers 9 are provided on the third guide rail 8. A tool end is provided on the displacement controller 9. The displacement controller 9 is used to drive the tool end to move along the sliding direction of the third guide rail 8.

[0024] The guide rails include a first guide rail 1 and a second guide rail 2 arranged parallel to each other. There are two Y-shaped columns, a first Y-shaped column 4 and a second Y-shaped column 5. The bottoms of the first Y-shaped column 4 and the second Y-shaped column 5 are respectively vertically mounted on the first guide rail 1 and the second guide rail 2, and the first Y-shaped column 4 and the second Y-shaped column 5 move as a whole along the sliding direction of the guide rails.

[0025] Two crossbeams, designated as first crossbeam 6 and second crossbeam 7, are fixedly connected at both ends to the supports of first Y-shaped column 4 and second Y-shaped column 5, respectively. First crossbeam 6 and second crossbeam 7 are parallel to each other. A workpiece table 3 is positioned below first crossbeam 6 and second crossbeam 7 to hold the workpiece to be processed. Workpiece table 3 remains stationary during processing.

[0026] Third guide rails 8 are fixedly arranged on the side of the first crossbeam 6 and the second crossbeam 7 facing the workpiece table 3, respectively. At least two displacement controllers 9 are arranged on the third guide rails 8, and each displacement controller 9 is equipped with a tool end. The displacement controllers 9 can slide along the third guide rails 8 to drive the tool end to move in the sliding direction of the third guide rails 8.

[0027] Each tool end includes: a machining tool 13, a linear actuator 11, an angle adjuster 10, and a fourth guide rail 12. The housing of the linear actuator 11 is fixedly connected to the displacement controller 9. One end of the fourth guide rail 12 is connected to the movable end of the linear actuator 11. The sliding direction of the fourth guide rail 12 is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the third guide rail 8. The linear actuator 11 drives the fourth guide rail 12 to move along the sliding direction of the fourth guide rail 12. The other end of the fourth guide rail 12 is provided with an angle adjuster 10, and the actuating end of the angle adjuster 10 is connected to the machining tool 13. The machining tool 13 is adjustable in speed or pressure. The machining tool 13 includes: a grinding disc, a motor, a cylinder, a speed controller, and a pressure sensor. The housing of the motor is fixedly connected to the actuator end of the angle adjuster 10, and the output shaft of the motor faces the workpiece stage 3. The cylinder is located at the end of the motor's output shaft facing the workpiece stage 3. The grinding disc is located at the end of the cylinder facing the workpiece stage 3, and the grinding surface of the grinding disc faces the surface of the workpiece stage 3. The pressure sensor is located between the cylinder and the grinding disc to detect the contact pressure of the grinding disc on the workpiece in real time. The speed controller is connected to the motor to adjust the rotation speed of the motor.

[0028] The multi-tool collaborative large-aperture optical lens processing equipment also integrates a control module and a measurement system. The control module includes a processing program module, a tool end control module, and a guide rail control module.

[0029] The surface shape error of the workpiece, the machining trajectory and the initial removal function of the machining tool 13 are obtained. The initial dwell time of each machining tool 13 is calculated based on the surface shape error and the initial removal function of each machining tool 13. A uniform dwell time is set. By adjusting the initial removal function of each machining tool 13, the dwell time of each machining tool 13 is made uniform under the premise that the removal amount remains unchanged. The surface shape error, uniform dwell time, adjusted removal function, and machining trajectory of workpiece 4 are input into the machining program module. The machining program module generates a machining program based on the surface shape error, uniform dwell time, adjusted removal function, and machining trajectory of the workpiece to be machined, and inputs the machining program into the tool end control module and the guide rail control module. The tool end control module controls the linear driver 11 and the angle adjuster 10 to change the spatial position, relative position, and axial direction of the machining tool 13, and simultaneously controls the rotational speed and pressure of the machining tool 13. The guide rail control module can control the Y-shaped column and its machining end to move along the guide rail to a specified position or at a preset speed according to the machining program.

[0030] The measurement system detects the position of the machining tool 13 in real time and transmits the position signal to the control module to correct the position of the machining tool 13 in real time. Please see Figure 3This paper provides a multi-tool collaborative optical processing method for large-aperture optical lenses, implemented using a multi-tool collaborative large-aperture optical lens processing equipment, including: S1: Obtain the surface shape error of the workpiece, the initial removal function of each machining tool 13, and the machining trajectory; S2: Calculate the initial dwell time of the dwell point of each machining tool 13 using the surface shape error of the workpiece and the initial removal function of each machining tool 13, set a uniform dwell time, and adjust the initial removal function of each machining tool 13 so that the dwell time of each machining tool 13 becomes a uniform dwell time under the premise that the removal amount remains unchanged. S3: Fix the workpiece on the workpiece table 3 and mark the positions of the workpiece and the machining tool 13; S4: Input the workpiece surface shape error, uniform dwell time, adjusted removal function and machining trajectory into the control module. The control module generates a machining program based on the surface shape error, uniform dwell time, adjusted removal function and machining trajectory. S5: The Y-shaped column moves along the guide rail, sending each tool end above the starting dwell point, and adjusting the axis of each machining tool 13 to be parallel to the normal direction of the workpiece's machining surface; S6: Each tool end controls each machining tool 13 to move down to contact the machining surface of the workpiece; S7: Each machining tool 13 processes the workpiece surface according to the machining program.

[0031] S1: Acquires the workpiece surface shape error, the initial removal function of each machining tool 13, and the selected machining trajectory data. The machining trajectory adopts a raster machining trajectory.

[0032] S2: Calculate the initial dwell time of the dwell point of each machining tool 13 using the surface shape error of the workpiece and the initial removal function of each machining tool 13, set a uniform dwell time, and adjust the initial removal function of each machining tool 13 so that the dwell time of each machining tool 13 becomes a uniform dwell time under the premise that the removal amount remains unchanged.

[0033] S3: Fix the workpiece on the workpiece table 3, adjust and fix the position of the workpiece, and calibrate the position of the workpiece and each processing tool 13.

[0034] S4: Input the workpiece surface shape error, uniform dwell time, adjusted removal function of each machining tool 13, and grating machining trajectory data into the machining program module. The machining program module generates a machining program based on this data and transmits the machining program to the tool end control module and guide rail control module.

[0035] S5: The first Y-shaped column 4 and the second Y-shaped column 5 move along the first guide rail 1 and the second guide rail 2, sending each tool end above the starting point of the specified machining trajectory. The angle adjuster 10 of each tool end adjusts the axis of the machining tool 13 to be parallel to the normal direction of the workpiece's machining surface.

[0036] S6: The linear actuator 11 at each tool end drives the fourth guide rail 12 to move downwards, causing the machining tool 13 to slowly move down until it contacts the machining surface of the workpiece. The contact pressure is controlled by cylinders and pressure sensors to ensure that the pressure of each grinding disc on the machining surface is stable and reaches the preset value.

[0037] S7: Each machining tool 13 starts machining simultaneously. The first guide rail 1 and the second guide rail 2 drive the first Y-shaped column 4 and the second Y-shaped column 5, as well as each tool end, to move along the grating machining trajectory at the same speed. During the movement, the angle adjuster 10 works in real time, continuously adjusting the axial direction of the machining tool 13 according to the workpiece surface shape, so that it is always parallel to the normal direction of the current dwell point.

[0038] After each tool end completes its machining, the linear actuator 11 lifts the machining tool 13, separating it from the workpiece's machining surface, and stops its rotation. The first guide rail 1 and the second guide rail 2 then drive the first Y-shaped column 4, the second Y-shaped column 5, and the tool ends back to their initial positions.

[0039] Each machining tool 13 moves at the same speed, but the removal amount varies at different dwell points, necessitating adjustment of the initial removal function of the machining tool 13. For machining tools 13 with an initial dwell time equal to the uniform dwell time, their initial rotational speed and initial pressure are kept constant. For machining tools 13 with an initial dwell time less than the uniform dwell time, the initial removal function is reduced by decreasing their rotational speed or pressure, ensuring that the removal amount produced by the machining tool 13 equals the removal amount that should be produced according to its initial dwell time.

[0040] The method for selecting the uniform dwell time is as follows: select the maximum value among the initial dwell times calculated by the initial removal function for all processing tools 13.

[0041] The initial removal function of the machining tool 13 can be changed by adjusting its own rotational speed or the pressure on the workpiece.

[0042] Each tool end is responsible for processing one or more straight lines. The spacing between adjacent processing tools 13 on the same crossbeam is set according to the spacing of the grating processing tracks and the external dimensions of the tool end itself.

[0043] The two processing tools 13, located on the first crossbeam 6 and the second crossbeam 7 respectively, can choose to process the same grating processing trajectory collaboratively, or they can choose to process different grating processing trajectories independently.

[0044] For tool ends not currently being processed, the displacement controller 9 can move them along the third guide rail 8 to the end position of the crossbeam, or the linear actuator 11 can lift the processing tool 13 upwards to a processing surface away from the workpiece, thereby avoiding interference with the processing tool 13 in operation.

[0045] The positions of the workpiece and machining tool 13 are calibrated. A coordinate system A is established based on the surface to be machined on the workpiece. Coordinate system A is an absolute coordinate system and will not be changed. In coordinate system A, the center point of each machining tool 13 is determined. TCP The calibration determines the relative position of each machining tool 13.

[0046] The machining tool 13 moves along the grating machining trajectory on the machining surface of the workpiece and stays at the dwell point of the grating machining trajectory for a corresponding time. Then, the material removal amounts are superimposed. The optical machining material convolution removal model is represented as: ； (1) in: E(x,y) The distribution of material removal on the workpiece surface. It is a two-dimensional convolution symbol. The initial removal function for machining tool 13. The initial dwell time of machining tool 13.

[0047] The processing method involves simultaneous processing with multiple tools, and the material removal rate distribution on the workpiece's machined surface is as follows: E(x,y) Represented as: (2) in: It is a two-dimensional convolution symbol. Let be the initial removal function for the first machining tool. This is the initial removal function for the second processing tool. For the first n The initial removal function of the machining tool, The initial dwell time of the first machining tool. The initial dwell time of the second machining tool. For the first n Initial dwell time of the machining tool.

[0048] For single-tool machining, the machining trajectory is planned based on the shape and characteristics of the workpiece during the machining process. A series of evenly distributed dwell points are selected on the machining trajectory, and the number of dwell points is denoted as . The surface shape error of the workpiece is This is also the target removal amount, discretized to obtain several data points. Let the number of data points be... Record the first i The coordinates of the data points are , No. j The coordinates of each station are: In the j The initial stay time at each stop is The amount of material removed by machining tool 13 is expressed as follows: (3) The amount of material removed from the machined surface of an ideal workpiece is consistent with the surface shape error, i.e. Formula (3) becomes: (4) Known surface shape error and the initial removal function of machining tool 13 R The initial dwell time of the machining tool 13 can be calculated according to formula (4).

[0049] Formula (3) can be expressed as a matrix vector: (5) in: any element For the first i The target material removal amount for each data point any element For machining tool 13 in the During processing at the first outpost, the first Material removal rate for each discrete data point any element For machining tool 13 in the Initial dwell time when processing at each dwelling point.

[0050] Formula (5) can be used to solve the linear equation system model to determine the initial dwell time distribution, i.e., the dwell time of the machining tool 13 at each dwell point on the machining surface of the workpiece. Similarly, for simultaneous machining with multiple tools, formula (2) can be written in matrix-vector form as follows: (6) in: any element For the first i The target material removal amount for each data point any element For the first machining tool on the first machining trajectory During processing at the first outpost, the first Material removal rate for each discrete data point any element For the first machining tool on the first machining trajectory Initial dwell time when processing at each stop point any element For the second machining tool on the second machining trajectory During processing at the first outpost, the first Material removal rate for each discrete data point any element For the second machining tool on the second machining trajectory Initial dwell time when processing at each stop point any element For the first Machining tools in The first on the processing trajectory During processing at the first outpost, the first Material removal rate for each discrete data point any element For the first Machining tools in The first on the processing trajectory Initial dwell time when processing at each dwelling point.

[0051] The initial dwell time of the first machining tool can be obtained by solving formula (6). T1 Initial dwell time of the second machining tool T2 and the Initial dwell time of machining tools .

[0052] The machining tools 13, which are located on the first beam 6 and the second beam 7 respectively and have overlapping machining trajectories, process the same dwell point in succession. The machining tools 13 are of the same model and have approximately the same initial removal function. The initial dwell time of a machining tool 13 along the machining trajectory can be calculated using formula (5). T The initial dwell time of multiple machining tools 13 was obtained by proportional allocation. T1 , T2 and , represented as: = . = , = (7) ; in: The initial dwell time distribution is obtained based on formula (5), that is, assuming that only one machining tool 13 is used to process according to the same machining trajectory, at coordinate point Total stay time at the location The initial dwell time distribution assigned to the first machining tool, that is, the time distribution of the first machining tool at coordinate point ( x,y Initial stay time on ) The initial dwell time distribution after the allocation of the second machining tool represents the time distribution of the second machining tool at coordinate point ( x,y Initial stay time on ) For the first n The initial dwell time distribution after the allocation of the first processing tool, which represents the first processing tool... n Each machining tool at each coordinate point ( x,y Initial stay time on ) , and The initial dwell time allocation coefficient for machining tool 13.

[0053] The position and attitude of each machining tool 13 are adjusted. Based on the grating machining trajectory and the linear machining trajectory segments assigned to each tool end, the position of each machining tool 13 above the workpiece and the relative positions of each machining tool 13 are determined. The first guide rail 1, the second guide rail 2, and the displacement controller 9 move together to move the first Y-shaped column 4, the second Y-shaped column 5, and each tool end as a whole to the starting dwell point, so that each machining tool 13 is located above the starting point of its respective grating machining trajectory.

[0054] The control module sends instructions to the angle adjusters 10 at each tool end, and the angle adjusters 10 drive the machining tool 13 to rotate around its axis, so that the axial direction of the machining tool 13 is parallel to the normal direction of the current workpiece machining surface.

[0055] During the processing, each processing tool 13 is driven by the first crossbeam 6 and the second crossbeam 7, and moves as a whole along the first guide rail 1 and the second guide rail 2 at the same traveling speed.

[0056] The maximum initial residence time of all processing tools 13 is taken as the uniform residence time for each processing tool 13. For processing tools 13 whose initial residence time is equal to the uniform residence time, their initial rotational speed or initial pressure remains unchanged; for processing tools 13 whose residence time is less than the uniform residence time, the rotational speed or pressure of the processing tool 13 is reduced, so that the amount of material removed by the processing tool 13 within the uniform residence time is equal to the amount of material removed within its initial residence time.

[0057] During the machining process, the first Y-shaped column 4 and the second Y-shaped column 5 drive each tool end to move synchronously at a constant speed. Since the moving speed of each machining tool 13 is exactly the same, the relative position between any two tool ends remains unchanged, that is, all machining tools 13 remain relatively stationary during the machining process.

[0058] The first Y-shaped column 4 and the second Y-shaped column 5 move along the first guide rail 1 and the second guide rail 2, and the uniform dwell time at each dwell point during processing. Related to the movement speed of machining tool 13, uniform dwell time Represented as: (8) in: The moving speed of the first Y-shaped column 4 and the second Y-shaped column 5 along the first guide rail 1 and the second guide rail 2. This refers to the distance between adjacent dwelling points.

[0059] The relationship between the initial dwell time and the uniform dwell time assigned to machining tool 13 is expressed as follows: , This is the conversion factor for converting the initial dwell time to a uniform dwell time. The initial dwell time of machining tool 13, For the uniform dwell time of machining tool 13, c For one of the processing tools 13, c =1, 2, n Then formula (2) becomes: (9) in: The distribution of material removal on the workpiece surface. It is a two-dimensional convolution symbol. For the first c Initial removal function under the initial dwell time of each machining tool For the first c Removal function under a unified dwell time for each processing tool For the first c Each processing tool has a unified dwell time. c =1, 2, n .

[0060] , c =1, 2, n . This means that if the amount of material removed remains constant, the initial removal function needs to be changed.

[0061] During the machining process, based on the Preston material removal model, a mathematical relationship is established between the initial removal function, initial dwell time, and surface shape error of the workpiece's machining surface. Through the coordination and attitude adjustment of each machining tool 13, it is ensured that the axis of each machining tool 13 is parallel to the normal direction of its respective dwell point, thus achieving efficient material removal. The Preston material removal model is expressed as: (10) in: The amount of surface material removed from the workpiece per unit time by machining tool 13 at (x,y) k It is a comprehensive process factor (including abrasive characteristics, environmental parameters, etc.). The pressure at the contact surface between the machining tool 13 and the workpiece. This refers to the relative motion rate between the machining tool 13 and the workpiece. The Preston material removal model indicates that the material removal rate is linearly and positively correlated with the workpiece's machining surface pressure and relative motion speed.

[0062] During processing, the moving speed of each processing tool 13 is determined by the moving speed of the first Y-shaped column 4 and the second Y-shaped column 5 along the first guide rail 1 and the second guide rail 2. While each processing tool 13 has the same moving speed, the removal amount differs at different trajectories and different dwell points. If the initial removal function of each processing tool 13 is the same, the moving speed will differ to match the different removal amounts. By adjusting the rotational speed or pressure of each processing tool 13, the initial removal function of each processing tool 13 can be changed, thereby achieving the same speed matching and maintaining the same moving speed for each processing tool 13 during the movement.

[0063] Taking a rotating grinding disc as an example, the mathematical expression for the amount of material removed by the initial removal function of each processing tool 13 within one cycle is as follows: (11) in: This is the distance from the center of rotation of machining tool 13. The radius of the grinding disc of machining tool 13, The offset of the grinding wheel of machining tool 13 during horizontal rotation. The pressure of the grinding disc. This represents the process coefficient of the grinding disc.

[0064] Let the angular velocity of the grinding disc of machining tool 13 be... The time it takes for the grinding head to rotate one revolution is The mathematical expression for the actual material removal amount of the rotating grinding disc per unit time is further calculated as follows: (12) The results show the actual material removal rate per unit time of the rotating grinding disc. With rotational speed The relationship is linear, but considering the issues of grinding disc stability, polishing slurry supply changes, and thermal effects caused by variations in rotational speed during actual processing, the actual material removal rate of the grinding disc is... With rotational speed If the relationship is non-linear, the formula becomes: (13) Before processing, a variable speed experiment was conducted using the same processing material, and the relationship curve between the grinding disc removal function and the rotational speed was plotted.

[0065] The grinding head speed is driven by a motor. Modern motor speed control technology is mature and easy to achieve high-precision real-time control. Taking variable speed machining as an example, the initial dwell time of each machining tool 13 is... The total number of revolutions of the tool grinding head at each point can be calculated. Represented as: (14) In actual processing, the initial dwell time is converted into the distance between adjacent dwell points. Divide by the travel speed of machining tool 13 If the angular velocity of the workpiece table 3 is the same for all the machining tools 13 being processed simultaneously, then the rotational speed of the grinding disc of each machining tool 13 is... Represented as: (15) As an optional embodiment, the number of crossbeams can be... N indivual( N (Greater than and equal to 1).

[0066] As an optional embodiment, the processing tool 13 can be a wheel grinding head, a small grinding head, or an airbag grinding head, etc.

[0067] As an optional embodiment, the machining tool 13 may be a combination of machining tools 13 of the same model or different models of the same type or different types.

[0068] As an alternative embodiment, the guide rail structure can be a device capable of linear movement.

[0069] In summary, the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this specification and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this specification. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this specification should be included within the scope of protection of this specification.

[0070] The systems, apparatuses, modules, or units described in one or more of the above embodiments may be implemented by a computer chip or entity, or by a product having a certain function. A typical implementation device is a computer. Specifically, a computer may be, for example, a personal computer, a laptop computer, a cellular phone, a camera phone, a smartphone, a personal digital assistant, a media player, a navigation device, an email device, a game console, a tablet computer, a wearable device, or any combination of these devices.

[0071] It should also be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0072] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments. In particular, the system embodiments are basically similar to the method embodiments, so the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions in the method embodiments.

Claims

1. A multi-tool collaborative optical lens processing device, comprising: The workpiece stage and control module are characterized by comprising: The guide rail includes: a first guide rail and a second guide rail arranged parallel to each other; Y-shaped column, the Y-shaped column includes: a first Y-shaped column and a second Y-shaped column, the bottom of the first Y-shaped column and the bottom of the second Y-shaped column are respectively vertically arranged on the first guide rail and the second guide rail, and the Y-shaped column moves along the sliding direction of the guide rail; The crossbeam includes a first crossbeam and a second crossbeam, the two ends of the first crossbeam and the second crossbeam being respectively connected to the first Y-shaped column and the second Y-shaped column, and the first crossbeam and the second crossbeam being parallel. The workpiece table is positioned below the first crossbeam and the second crossbeam. A third guide rail is provided on the side of the first crossbeam and the second crossbeam facing the workpiece table. At least two displacement controllers are provided on the third guide rail, and tool ends are provided on the displacement controllers. The displacement controllers are used to drive the tool ends to move along the sliding direction of the third guide rail.

2. The multi-tool collaborative large-aperture optical lens optical processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tool end includes: a machining tool, a linear actuator, an angle adjuster, and a fourth guide rail. The linear actuator is fixedly connected to the displacement controller. One end of the fourth guide rail is connected to the linear actuator. The fourth guide rail is perpendicular to the third guide rail. The linear actuator drives the fourth guide rail to move along the sliding direction of the fourth guide rail. The other end of the fourth guide rail is provided with the angle adjuster. The actuator end of the angle adjuster is connected to the machining tool.

3. A method for optical processing of large-aperture optical lenses using a multi-tool collaborative approach, characterized in that, The optical processing equipment for large-aperture optical lenses, using a multi-tool collaborative process as described in any one of claims 1 to 2, includes: S1: Obtain the workpiece's surface shape error, the initial removal function for each machining tool, and the machining trajectory; S2: Calculate the initial dwell time of the dwell point of each machining tool using the surface shape error of the workpiece and the initial removal function of each machining tool, set a uniform dwell time, and adjust the initial removal function of each machining tool so that the dwell time of each machining tool becomes a uniform dwell time under the premise that the removal amount remains unchanged. S3: Fix the workpiece on the workpiece table and mark the positions of the workpiece and the processing tool; S4: Input the surface shape error, uniform dwell time, adjusted removal function and machining trajectory of the workpiece into the control module. The control module generates a machining program based on the surface shape error, uniform dwell time, adjusted removal function and machining trajectory. S5: The Y-shaped column moves along the guide rail, sending each tool end above the starting dwell point, and adjusting the axis of each machining tool to be parallel to the normal direction of the machining surface of the workpiece; S6: Each of the tool ends controls each machining tool to move down to contact the machining surface of the workpiece; S7: Each machining tool processes the machining surface of the workpiece according to the machining program.

4. The optical processing method for large-aperture optical lenses using multi-tool collaboration according to claim 3, characterized in that, The processing trajectory is a grating processing trajectory, and each processing tool is responsible for processing one or more of the grating processing trajectories.

5. The optical processing method for large-aperture optical lenses using multi-tool collaboration according to claim 4, characterized in that, The spacing between adjacent processing tools on the same crossbeam is set according to the spacing of the grating processing trajectory and the size of the tool end; Two machining tools located on the first and second crossbeams respectively can perform machining using the same grating machining trajectory or different grating machining trajectories.

6. The optical processing method for large-aperture optical lenses using multi-tool collaboration according to claim 3, characterized in that, The distribution function of the amount of material removed from the machined surface of the workpiece Represented as: ； in: It is a two-dimensional convolution symbol. Let be the initial removal function for the first machining tool. Let be the initial removal function for the second machining tool. For the first n The initial removal function of the machining tool, The initial dwell time of the first machining tool. This refers to the initial dwell time of the second machining tool. For the first n Initial dwell time of the machining tool.

7. The optical processing method for large-aperture optical lenses using a multi-tool collaborative approach according to claim 3, characterized in that, Each machining tool corresponds one-to-one with a dwell point on the machining trajectory. The method for selecting the uniform dwell time is to select the maximum value of the initial dwell time calculated according to the initial removal function at the dwell point corresponding to each machining tool.

8. The optical processing method for large-aperture optical lenses using multi-tool collaboration according to claim 7, characterized in that, The initial removal function of the machining tool can be changed by adjusting its own rotational speed or the pressure applied to the workpiece.

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