Three-dimensional multi-stage sand blocking and dust setting system considering wind turbine array power generation

Abstract

The application discloses a three-dimensional multi-stage sand blocking and dust setting system considering wind turbine array power generation, and belongs to the technical field of sand blocking and dust setting. The three-dimensional multi-stage sand blocking and dust setting unit is a three-layer cooperative structure, and comprises an inner circle layer, a middle circle layer and an outer circle layer. The wind energy utilization unit is connected with the outer circle layer. The inner circle layer is arranged on the two sides of the traffic line. The middle circle layer is arranged on the two sides of the inner circle layer away from the traffic line. The outer circle layer is arranged on the two sides of the middle circle layer away from the inner circle layer. The system can realize sand blocking, sand fixation, dust setting and power generation, and realizes synergistic effect of wind control. Meanwhile, the wind turbine power generation can provide clean energy for the facilities along the line. The method can effectively weaken the wind sand intensity, optimizes the resource allocation, and improves the comprehensive benefit of the protection system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of sand and dust control technology, and in particular relates to a three-dimensional multi-stage sand and dust control system that takes into account wind turbine array power generation. Background Technology

[0002] Northern my country's arid and semi-arid regions, such as the Taklamakan Desert, the Kubuqi Desert, and the Hexi Corridor, are frequent areas prone to sandstorms. Roads and railways in these areas suffer from year-round wind and sand erosion, which not only buries roadbeds and damages transportation facilities, affecting traffic safety, but also causes air pollution, harming the ecological environment and human health. Furthermore, these areas are mostly remote with inadequate power grid coverage, making it difficult to reliably meet the power demands of monitoring, lighting, and signaling equipment along roads and railways, and traditional power grid supply methods are costly.

[0003] Currently, existing sandstorm control technologies mainly fall into two categories: one is vegetation-based sand fixation technology, which is low-cost and simple to construct, and can achieve ground sand fixation. However, it can only cover low-altitude areas, has a limited sand-blocking range, and lacks energy utilization capabilities. It also suffers from low efficiency in manual installation and short maintenance cycles. The other category is rigid sand barrier technology, such as sand willow + sheet metal combination sand barriers and flexible hose sand barriers. While these can improve sand-blocking effects, they lack energy utilization capabilities, have limited three-dimensional sand-blocking effects, and are more expensive, making them unsuitable for narrow, long transportation routes. Therefore, existing technologies cannot achieve tiered blocking and energy dissipation of windblown sand. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a three-dimensional, multi-stage sand-blocking and dust-reducing system that incorporates wind turbine array power generation. This system integrates sand blocking, sand fixation, dust reduction, and power generation, actively reducing incoming wind speed at the wind farm scale. It weakens the wind shear force on sand barriers, vegetation, and windbreaks behind the wind turbines, suppressing surface sand rising and forming a multi-layered, multi-angle windbreak and sand-blocking effect, achieving a synergistic effect of "using wind to control wind." Simultaneously, it provides clean energy to facilities along the wind farm through wind turbine power generation. This method effectively reduces wind and sand intensity, optimizes resource allocation, and enhances the overall effectiveness of the protection system.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a three-dimensional multi-stage sand-blocking and dust-reduction system that considers wind turbine array power generation, including a three-dimensional multi-stage sand-blocking and dust-reduction unit and a wind energy utilization unit. The multi-stage sand-blocking and dust-reduction unit has a three-layer cooperative structure, including an inner layer, a middle layer, and an outer layer. The wind energy utilization unit is connected to the outer layer. The inner layer is located on both sides of the traffic line. The middle layer is located on both sides of the inner layer away from the traffic line. The outer layer is located on both sides of the middle layer away from the inner layer.

[0006] Preferably, the inner, middle, and outer rings are arranged in a strip on both sides of the traffic route. The outer ring is a wind turbine array sand barrier layer, the middle ring is a straw checkerboard sand-fixing layer, and the inner ring is a protective forest purification layer. The three rings are arranged along both sides of the traffic route and are distributed in a strip shape.

[0007] Preferably, the outer ring layer includes a number of small and medium-sized horizontal axis wind turbines and a number of vertical axis wind turbines. The number of small and medium-sized horizontal axis wind turbines and the number of vertical axis wind turbines are arranged in an aligned and staggered manner according to a set staggered arrangement ratio and spacing to form a composite wind turbine array.

[0008] Preferably, the small and medium-sized horizontal axis wind turbine adopts a pivot-type tail rudder structure, the vertical axis wind turbine adopts a yaw-free structure, and small grass squares are laid around the base of the wind turbine to prevent the wind turbine from being buried by quicksand. In addition, sand-blocking nets are hung between the towers of adjacent wind turbines to form a continuous sand-blocking section.

[0009] Preferably, the straw checkerboard material in the middle layer is one or more of wheat straw and sand willow. The straw checkerboard is laid by a multi-functional three-dimensional sand-fixing vehicle at a preset setting depth and exposure height to fix the shifting sand and increase the surface roughness, thereby reducing the range of sand and dust movement.

[0010] Preferably, the grass grid is sprayed with a cyanobacterial agent that accelerates the formation of biological soil crust, which is used to shorten the growth cycle of vegetation within the grass grid.

[0011] Preferably, the inner ring of the protective forest consists of a saxaul protective belt and an economic forest and fruit belt. The saxaul protective belt includes tree species such as sand willow, saxaul, and tamarisk, which have well-developed root systems, are drought-resistant and tolerant of poor soil. It is used to further block fine dust particles that pass through the middle ring, purify the air, reduce near-ground wind speed, reduce wind and sand erosion of the roadbed of transportation routes, and protect the safety of transportation facilities.

[0012] Preferably, the wind energy utilization unit includes an energy storage device and power loads along the line. One end of the energy storage device is connected to the small and medium-sized horizontal axis wind turbines and vertical axis wind turbines in the outer ring through a transmission line, and the other end is connected to the power loads along the line, thereby reducing the cost of electricity along the line and reducing dependence on the external power grid.

[0013] Preferably, vertical sand barriers are provided between the inner and middle layers, between the middle and outer layers, and between the inner layer and the traffic route.

[0014] Therefore, the present invention employs the above-mentioned three-dimensional multi-stage sand-blocking and dust-reduction system that considers wind turbine array power generation, and has the following advantages: 1. By combining wind turbines with windbreak and sand-blocking technology, wind energy is fully utilized to weaken wind speed through horizontal and vertical axis wind turbine arrays, thereby reducing the movement and transport capacity of sand particles, effectively preventing the spread of wind and sand, and converting wind energy into electrical energy. 2. A three-dimensional, multi-level protection system was adopted. Through the cooperation of wind turbine arrays, straw checkerboard layers, and shelterbelt layers, a three-level sand-blocking and dust-reducing system was formed from top to bottom. The three-layer protection system worked together to form a three-dimensional, dynamic sand barrier. According to the functional division of different layers, the wind and sand control effect was optimized. 3. Wind power can be used to provide electricity for equipment along the route, such as lighting and communication facilities. The system's energy storage and dispatch modules can ensure a stable power supply even in low wind speeds or when there is no wind, reducing dependence on the external power grid, reducing energy costs, and improving the independence and sustainability of the entire protection system. 4. Combining ecological restoration and engineering protection, this approach not only effectively blocks wind and sand but also improves the ecological environment. The ecological benefits of shelterbelts and straw checkerboard barriers remain stable in the long term, while wind turbines quickly respond to extreme weather events such as sandstorms by reducing wind speed in the short term. This combination of ecological and engineering methods ensures the long-term effectiveness of the system, and the system demonstrates strong resilience after extreme weather events such as sandstorms.

[0015] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of a three-dimensional multi-stage sand-blocking and dust-reducing system that takes into account wind turbine array power generation according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the outer ring layout of a three-dimensional multi-stage sand-blocking and dust-reducing system that takes into account wind turbine array power generation according to the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of the middle and inner layers of a three-dimensional multi-stage sand-blocking and dust-reducing system that takes into account wind turbine array power generation according to the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a wind energy utilization unit in a three-dimensional multi-stage sand-blocking and dust-reducing system that considers wind turbine array power generation according to the present invention. Figure labels; 1. Three-dimensional multi-stage sand and dust suppression unit; 11. Inner ring; 12. Middle ring; 13. Outer ring; 131. Small and medium-sized horizontal axis wind turbine; 132. Vertical axis wind turbine; 133. Sand blocking net; 2. Wind energy utilization unit; 21. Energy storage device; 22. Power load along the line; 3. Vertical sand barrier. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Specific model specifications need to be selected and determined according to the actual specifications of the device, etc. The specific selection calculation method adopts existing technology in the art, and therefore will not be described in detail.

[0018] Example like Figures 1-4 As shown, the present invention provides a three-dimensional multi-stage sand and dust suppression system that considers wind turbine array power generation, including a three-dimensional multi-stage sand and dust suppression unit 1 and a wind energy utilization unit 2. The multi-stage sand and dust suppression unit is a three-layer cooperative structure, including an inner layer 11, a middle layer 12 and an outer layer 13. The wind energy utilization unit 2 is connected to the outer layer 13. The inner layer 11 is located on both sides of the traffic line, the middle layer 12 is located on both sides of the inner layer 11 away from the traffic line, and the outer layer 13 is located on both sides of the middle layer 12 away from the inner layer 11.

[0019] The inner ring 11, middle ring 12 and outer ring 13 are all arranged in a strip on both sides of the traffic route. The outer ring 13 is a wind turbine array sand barrier layer, the middle ring 12 is a grass checkerboard sand fixation layer, and the inner ring 11 is a protective forest purification layer. The three rings are arranged along both sides of the traffic route and are distributed in a strip shape.

[0020] The outer ring 13 includes several small and medium-sized horizontal axis wind turbines 131 and several vertical axis wind turbines 132. The small and medium-sized horizontal axis wind turbines 131 and several vertical axis wind turbines 132 are arranged in an aligned and staggered manner according to a set staggered arrangement ratio and spacing to form a composite wind turbine array. It is arranged in the outermost layer to form a high-altitude sand barrier, 80-100m away from the roadbed, railway embankment or sandbar edge.

[0021] The small-to-medium-sized horizontal axis wind turbine 131 adopts a rotating shaft tail rudder structure, which can achieve full-sealed protection, effectively resisting sand and dust erosion and avoiding problems such as tail boom breakage and water leakage; the turbine height is 30-50m. The vertical axis wind turbine 132 adopts a yaw-free structure, which is simple in structure and easy to maintain, and is suitable for sand and dust areas with variable wind direction; the turbine height is 15-20m. The ratio of alternating arrangement of the two is 1:1-2:1, and the turbine spacing is 15-25m, which can be flexibly adjusted according to regional wind speed and actual geographical environment. By rotating the wind turbine blades, the airflow is cut, the passing wind speed is weakened and converted into electrical energy through wind power generation, while blocking sand and dust particles carried by the wind, forming the first sand-blocking barrier. At the same time, small grass squares are laid around the base of the wind turbine to prevent the wind turbine from being buried by shifting sand, and sand-blocking nets 133 are hung between the towers of adjacent wind turbines to form a continuous sand-blocking section.

[0022] The grass checkerboard material in the middle layer 12 is one or more of wheat straw and sand willow. The grass checkerboard is laid by a multi-functional three-dimensional sand-fixing vehicle according to the preset tying depth and exposure height. It is used to fix the shifting sand and increase the surface roughness, thereby reducing the range of sand and dust movement.

[0023] The middle layer 12 is located inside the outer layer, 60-100m away from the roadbed, railway embankment or sandbar edge. It consists of mechanically laid straw checkerboard sand barriers. The straw checkerboards are made of wheat straw or sand willow, with a size of 0.5m×0.5m to 2m×2m and a laying width of 15-40m. They are laid by multi-functional three-dimensional sand-fixing vehicles, with a tying depth of 10-20cm and 25cm exposed above the ground. The efficiency is increased by more than 60% compared to manual labor, and the service life is extended to 5-6 years.

[0024] A cyanobacterial agent that accelerates the formation of biological soil crusts is sprayed within the straw checkerboard pattern, shortening the growth cycle of vegetation within the checkerboard from 10 years to about 1 year. The biological soil crust can fix surface shifting sand, reducing surface dust emissions, and simultaneously intercepting some low-altitude dust that penetrates the outer sand barrier. The checkerboard structure fixes the shifting sand and increases surface roughness, thereby reducing the range of dust movement. Vertical sand barriers are erected at the boundary of the second layer, creating a dual effect of "sand fixation + sand blocking," thus creating conditions for the growth of the inner protective forest.

[0025] The shelterbelt in the inner layer 11 consists of a saxaul protective belt and an economic forest and fruit belt. The saxaul protective belt includes trees with well-developed root systems, drought resistance, and tolerance to poor soil, such as sand willow, saxaul, and tamarisk. It is used to further block fine dust particles that pass through the middle layer 12, purify the air, reduce near-ground wind speed, reduce wind and sand erosion of roadbeds, and protect the safety of transportation facilities.

[0026] The inner layer 11 is located inside the middle layer, 20-40m away from the roadbed, railway embankment, or sandbar edge. It is a protective forest belt composed of psammophytic plants, with a width of 15-30m. The main tree species in the protective forest belt are Haloxylon ammodendron, along with species such as Salix psammophila, Salix matsudana, and Pinus sylvestris, including Populus tomentosa, Salix matsudana, and Pinus sylvestris. Economic fruit trees, such as jujube and Hippophae rhamnoides, can also be added to consider economic benefits. Haloxylon ammodendron has a well-developed root system, is drought-tolerant and tolerant of poor soil, and is planted with a spacing of 1-2m and a row spacing of 2-3m. The planting density can be flexibly adjusted, with a density of 0.3-0.5 trees per square meter to enhance the sand-blocking effect of the protective forest. The protective forest belt can further block fine sand particles from penetrating the middle layer of sand barriers, purify the air, reduce near-surface wind speed, reduce wind and sand erosion of roadbeds and railway embankments, and protect transportation facilities. Simultaneously, it can restore sand-tolerant herbaceous plants under the Haloxylon ammodendron forest, achieving a synergistic improvement in ecological protection and economic benefits. By leveraging the long-term growth and sand-fixing capabilities of plants, the effectiveness of windbreak and sand-blocking is ensured, forming a long-term and stable ecological barrier.

[0027] The wind energy utilization unit 2 includes an energy storage device 21 and a power load 22 along the line. One end of the energy storage device 21 is connected to the small and medium-sized horizontal axis wind turbine 131 and vertical axis wind turbine 132 in the outer ring 13 through a transmission line, and the other end is connected to the power load 22 along the line. The power load 22 along the line includes various forms such as traffic signal equipment, lighting equipment, monitoring equipment and irrigation equipment, which reduces the cost of electricity along the line and reduces dependence on the external power grid.

[0028] Vertical sand barriers 3 are installed between the inner ring 11 and the middle ring 12, between the middle ring 12 and the outer ring 13, and between the inner ring 11 and the transportation route.

[0029] Working principle: When sand-laden airflow enters the protection system, it first encounters the wind turbine sand-blocking belt of the outer ring 13. The wind turbine absorbs wind energy, converting kinetic energy into electrical energy, significantly reducing wind speed and weakening its sand-carrying capacity. Studies have shown that the wake generated by the wind turbine significantly alters the transport trajectory of dust particles, causing them to settle earlier in the wake region, effectively reducing the range of sand particle movement. Furthermore, the local disturbance effect of the vertical axis wind turbine 132 can stably control sand and dust under different wind speed conditions. Some large-diameter sand particles are deposited due to obstruction by the wind turbine tower and sand-blocking net 133.

[0030] After being weakened by the outer layer 13, the airflow enters the middle layer 12, the sand-fixing zone formed by straw checkerboards. Disturbed by the straw checkerboards and vertical sand barriers 3, the near-surface wind speed is further weakened. The straw checkerboards, by increasing surface roughness, suppress the sand-lifting ability of sand particles and enhance the sand-fixing effect. The structure of the straw checkerboards also provides growing space for plants, contributing to ecological recovery after sandstorms.

[0031] After the residual airflow enters the inner layer 11 of the shelterbelt, its speed is further reduced due to friction and obstruction from the tree branches and leaves. The multi-layered structure of trees, shrubs, and grasses in the shelterbelt forms multiple layers of interception in the vertical direction, effectively filtering residual fine dust particles. Through the growth of plants, a long-term and stable ecological barrier is formed, increasing soil stability and enhancing the wind and sand resistance of the entire system.

[0032] The three-layered protection system works synergistically to form a three-dimensional, multi-level protection system consisting of an outer ring for interception, a middle ring for fixing, and an inner ring for blocking. The electricity generated by the wind turbines supplies 22 loads along the route, realizing the comprehensive utilization of distributed energy.

[0033] Therefore, the present invention employs a three-dimensional multi-stage sand-blocking and dust-reduction system that takes into account wind turbine array power generation, which has the following advantages: 1. By combining wind turbines with windbreak and sand-blocking technology, wind energy is fully utilized to weaken wind speed through horizontal and vertical axis wind turbine arrays, thereby reducing the movement and transport capacity of sand particles, effectively preventing the spread of wind and sand, and converting wind energy into electrical energy. 2. A three-dimensional, multi-level protection system was adopted. Through the cooperation of wind turbine arrays, straw checkerboard layers, and shelterbelt layers, a three-level sand-blocking and dust-reducing system was formed from top to bottom. The three-layer protection system worked together to form a three-dimensional, dynamic sand barrier. According to the functional division of different layers, the wind and sand control effect was optimized. 3. Wind power can be used to provide electricity for equipment along the route, such as lighting and communication facilities. The system's energy storage and dispatch modules can ensure a stable power supply even in low wind speeds or when there is no wind, reducing dependence on the external power grid, reducing energy costs, and improving the independence and sustainability of the entire protection system. 4. Combining ecological restoration and engineering protection, this approach not only effectively blocks wind and sand but also improves the ecological environment. The ecological benefits of shelterbelts and straw checkerboard barriers remain stable in the long term, while wind turbines quickly respond to extreme weather events such as sandstorms by reducing wind speed in the short term. This combination of ecological and engineering methods ensures the long-term effectiveness of the system, and the system demonstrates strong resilience after extreme weather events such as sandstorms.

[0034] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent substitutions cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional, multi-stage sand-blocking and dust-reducing system considering wind turbine array power generation, characterized in that: It includes a three-dimensional multi-stage sand and dust suppression unit and a wind energy utilization unit. The multi-stage sand and dust suppression unit has a three-layer collaborative structure, including an inner layer, a middle layer and an outer layer. The wind energy utilization unit is connected to the outer layer. The inner layer is located on both sides of the traffic line. The middle layer is located on both sides of the inner layer away from the traffic line. The outer layer is located on both sides of the middle layer away from the inner layer.

2. The three-dimensional multi-stage sand-blocking and dust-reducing system considering wind turbine array power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner, middle, and outer rings are all arranged in a strip along both sides of the traffic route. The outer ring is a wind turbine array sand barrier layer, the middle ring is a straw checkerboard sand-fixing layer, and the inner ring is a protective forest purification layer. The three rings are arranged along both sides of the traffic route and are distributed in a strip.

3. A three-dimensional multi-stage sand-blocking and dust-reducing system considering wind turbine array power generation as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The outer ring includes several small and medium-sized horizontal axis wind turbines and several vertical axis wind turbines. The small and medium-sized horizontal axis wind turbines and several vertical axis wind turbines are arranged in an aligned and staggered manner according to a set staggered arrangement ratio and spacing to form a composite wind turbine array.

4. A three-dimensional multi-stage sand-blocking and dust-reducing system considering wind turbine array power generation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The small and medium-sized horizontal axis wind turbine adopts a rotating shaft tail rudder structure, and the vertical axis wind turbine adopts a yaw-free structure. At the same time, small grass squares are laid around the base of the wind turbine to prevent the wind turbine from being buried by quicksand, and sand-blocking nets are hung between the towers of adjacent wind turbines to form a continuous sand-blocking section.

5. A three-dimensional multi-stage sand-blocking and dust-reducing system considering wind turbine array power generation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The grass checkerboard material in the middle layer is one or more of wheat straw and sand willow. The grass checkerboard is laid by a multi-functional three-dimensional sand-fixing vehicle at a preset tying depth and exposure height to fix the shifting sand and increase the surface roughness, thereby reducing the range of sand and dust movement.

6. A three-dimensional multi-stage sand-blocking and dust-reducing system considering wind turbine array power generation according to claim 5, characterized in that: The grass checkerboard is sprayed with a cyanobacterial agent that accelerates the formation of biological soil crusts, which is used to shorten the growth cycle of vegetation within the grass checkerboard.

7. A three-dimensional multi-stage sand-blocking and dust-reducing system considering wind turbine array power generation according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inner ring of the shelterbelt consists of a saxaul protective belt and an economic forest and fruit belt. The saxaul protective belt includes tree species such as sand willow, saxaul, and tamarisk, which have well-developed root systems, are drought-resistant and tolerant of poor soil. It is used to further block fine dust particles that pass through the middle ring, purify the air, reduce near-ground wind speed, reduce wind and sand erosion of roadbeds, and protect the safety of transportation facilities.

8. A three-dimensional multi-stage sand-blocking and dust-reducing system considering wind turbine array power generation according to claim 7, characterized in that: The wind energy utilization unit includes an energy storage device and power loads along the line. One end of the energy storage device is connected to the small and medium-sized horizontal axis wind turbines and vertical axis wind turbines in the outer ring through a transmission line, and the other end is connected to the power loads along the line, thereby reducing the cost of electricity along the line and reducing dependence on the external power grid.

9. A three-dimensional multi-stage sand-blocking and dust-reducing system considering wind turbine array power generation according to claim 8, characterized in that: Vertical sand barriers are installed between the inner and middle layers, between the middle and outer layers, and between the inner layer and the transportation route.

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