specific gravity balance

Abstract

The application discloses a specific gravity balance, which comprises a crossbeam, a hanging hole is formed in the middle of the crossbeam, the crossbeam is provided with a scale beam and a non-scale beam with equal length on both sides of the hanging hole, the scale beam is used for hanging a weight, and the non-scale beam is used for hanging a measured object; a pointer is installed below the hanging hole of the crossbeam, the pointer is spirally matched with a gravity center adjusting ring which is used for adjusting the gravity center height of the pointer; a bottom plate is arranged below the crossbeam and is provided with a supporting plate which is used for supporting the crossbeam; and a hanging knife is installed on the bottom plate. The application relates to the technical field of balances, and the equal length scale beam and non-scale beam are arranged on both sides of the hanging hole of the crossbeam, the scale beam and the non-scale beam are used for the work of partitioning and adapting the hanging of the weight and the suspension of the measured object, and the operation is convenient; the gravity center adjusting ring which is spirally matched with the outside of the pointer can be used for accurately adjusting the overall gravity center position of the crossbeam, the measurement reference is ensured to be accurate, and the measurement error caused by the gravity center deviation is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of balance technology, specifically a specific gravity balance. Background Technology

[0002] Specific gravity balances are fundamental measuring instruments commonly used in industrial and mining enterprises, chemical testing, building materials inspection, and laboratory research. Their core function is to accurately determine the density and specific gravity parameters of various solid and liquid materials. The accuracy of the test data directly affects product quality verification, experimental data calibration, and the effectiveness of production process control. Currently, conventional specific gravity balances on the market have a simple overall design, but in actual use, they suffer from numerous structural defects that seriously affect testing accuracy and equipment lifespan.

[0003] Most conventional specific gravity balances use a simple plug-in fixing method for their beam support structure. The assembly tightness between the beam support blade and the support plate is poor, leading to loosening and misalignment over long-term use. This results in uneven stress on the beam support and a shift in the measurement reference. Furthermore, traditional specific gravity balances have a simplistic leveling structure, relying solely on a simple bottom leveling mechanism for overall equipment leveling. They lack auxiliary leveling at both ends of the beam and precise center-of-gravity adjustment structures. When placed on uneven surfaces or after prolonged use, the balance is prone to pointer zeroing deviation and beam tilting, making it difficult to ensure the initial measurement reference is horizontally aligned. In addition, the weight and analyte mounting structure of conventional specific gravity balances lacks sufficient anti-slip and corrosion resistance, making them prone to slippage, misalignment, and aging / damage to the collars during mounting. The pointer and vertical alignment are poorly discernible, making it difficult for operators to quickly and intuitively determine whether the balance is balanced. This leads to significant human observation errors, further reducing the overall accuracy of material specific gravity testing. The equipment's adaptability and operational stability are poor, failing to meet the demands of high-precision, high-stability routine specific gravity testing operations. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a specific gravity balance, which solves the problems of loose support assembly, low leveling and calibration accuracy, poor load stability, low identification of balance state observation, and large measurement error in existing specific gravity balances.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a specific gravity balance, comprising: A crossbeam, with a hanging hole in the middle, and two equal-length graduated beams for hanging weights and ungraded beams for hanging the object to be measured on either side of the hanging hole. The pointer is mounted on the crossbeam and located below the hanging hole, and the pointer is screw-fitted with a center of gravity adjustment ring for adjusting the height of the pointer's center of gravity; A base plate, which is located below the crossbeam and is equipped with a support plate for supporting the crossbeam; A hanging blade is installed on the base plate and is used to support the crossbeam.

[0006] In some embodiments, it further includes: a tray, on which a loop-shaped collar is attached, the loop-shaped collar being sleeved on the graduated beam.

[0007] In some embodiments, the hanging knife includes a fixed end and a supporting end; The fixed end is inserted horizontally into the support plate, and a fixing ring is fitted on the side of the support plate close to the support end. A nut is screwed onto the side of the fixed end away from the support end. The support plate is sandwiched between the fixing ring and the nut; The support end is rotatably engaged with the hanging hole.

[0008] In some embodiments, the base plate is helically fitted with a plurality of first leveling screws in the vertical direction, the plurality of first leveling screws are evenly distributed on the base plate, and the bottom ends of the plurality of first leveling screws are fitted with rubber sleeves.

[0009] In some embodiments, the two ends of the crossbeam are symmetrically provided with second leveling screws, and the second leveling screws are threadedly fitted with leveling nuts.

[0010] In some embodiments, the fixing ring is attached to a plumb line, and a plumb bob is suspended at the lower end of the plumb line.

[0011] In some embodiments, a horizontal observation bubble meter is embedded in the base plate along the horizontal direction, and the horizontal observation bubble meter is centered on the base plate.

[0012] In some embodiments, the loop collar is integrally molded from corrosion-resistant flexible nylon material, and the inner wall of the loop collar is fitted with an anti-slip and wear-resistant rubber pad layer to increase the frictional resistance between the loop collar and the graduated beam.

[0013] In some embodiments, the contact surface between the support end and the hanging hole is an arc surface with a curvature smaller than that of the hanging hole.

[0014] In some embodiments, the pointer surface is coated with a high-contrast red marking coating, and a zero mark is provided at the center of the lower end of the pointer, for quick and intuitive observation of whether the pointer overlaps with the vertical line.

[0015] Beneficial effects 1. This technical solution sets equal-length graduated beams and ungraded beams on both sides of the hanging hole of the crossbeam, which can be used to adapt to the loading of weights and the suspension of the object to be measured. The division of labor is clear and the operation is convenient. With the addition of a center of gravity adjustment ring with a screw mechanism on the outside of the pointer, the overall center of gravity position of the crossbeam can be accurately adjusted, ensuring the accuracy of the measurement benchmark from the source and avoiding measurement errors caused by center of gravity offset.

[0016] 2. The blade hanger in this technical solution adopts a separate structure with a fixed end and a support end. The support plate is clamped by a fixing ring and a nut to achieve a tight assembly, which completely solves the problem of loosening and misalignment in traditional blade hanger assembly and improves the stability of the crossbeam support structure. At the same time, the support end adopts a small arc surface that rotates with the hanging hole, reducing the frictional resistance of the crossbeam rotation and making the balance adjustment smoother and more precise.

[0017] 3. This technical solution features a multi-level leveling and calibration structure. The base plate is equipped with rubber-sleeved first leveling screws that work in conjunction with a centrally located horizontal observation bubble meter to achieve rapid leveling of the entire equipment. Second leveling screws and leveling nuts are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the crossbeam, allowing for fine-tuning of the horizontal level at both ends of the crossbeam. This dual leveling ensures that the balance is always in a standard horizontal working state, significantly improving measurement accuracy.

[0018] 4. The weight mounting tray in this technical solution is equipped with a corrosion-resistant nylon one-piece molded U-shaped collar, and the inner wall is added with an anti-slip and wear-resistant rubber pad. It not only has good corrosion resistance and anti-aging properties, making it suitable for various acid and alkali testing environments, but also increases the frictional resistance between the collar and the graduated beam, preventing the tray from sliding and shifting, and improving the stability of the mounting structure and the service life of the equipment.

[0019] 5. This invention uses a fixed ring to bind the plumb line and the lead weight, and with a pointer featuring a high-contrast red marking coating and a zero mark, operators can quickly and intuitively observe whether the zero mark of the pointer coincides with the plumb line, accurately determine the balance state of the balance, effectively reduce visual errors from human observation, and further improve the accuracy of material specific gravity detection data. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the blade holder of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tray of the present invention.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Base plate; 2. First leveling screw; 3. Rubber sleeve; 4. Support plate; 5. Plumb bob; 6. Plumb line; 7. Red marking coating; 8. Pointer; 9. Center of gravity adjustment ring; 10. Hanging hole; 11. Crossbeam; 12. Second leveling screw; 13. Leveling nut; 14. Support end; 15. Graduated beam; 16. Fixing ring; 17. Fixing end; 18. Nut; 19. U-shaped collar; 20. Tray. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Please see Figure 1 The present invention provides a technical solution: a specific gravity balance, comprising: a crossbeam 11, with a hanging hole 10 in the middle of the crossbeam 11, and on both sides of the hanging hole 10, there are graduated beams 15 of equal length for hanging weights and ungraded beams for hanging the object to be measured; a pointer 8, which is installed on the crossbeam 11 and located below the hanging hole 10, and the pointer 8 is screwed with a center of gravity adjustment ring 9 for adjusting the height of the center of gravity of the pointer 8; a base plate 1, which is located below the crossbeam 11 and is equipped with a support plate 4 for supporting the crossbeam 11; and a hanging knife, which is installed on the base plate 1 and is used to support the crossbeam 11.

[0026] The base plate 1 serves as the bottom foundation of the entire balance and is placed stably on a flat workbench for testing operations. The top surface of the base plate 1 is fixedly welded or bolted with a vertically installed support plate 4. The surface of the support plate 4 is perpendicular to the surface of the base plate 1. The support plate 4 serves as an intermediate transition support carrier, specifically used to stably support the entire crossbeam 11, ensuring that the crossbeam 11 is suspended horizontally and does not contact the base plate or the workbench surface, thus providing reliable basic support conditions for the stable application of the lever balance principle of specific gravity testing.

[0027] The hanging hole 10 is located at the geometric center of the crossbeam 11 and is hung on the hanging knife. With the hanging hole 10 as the left and right dividing line, the lengths of the beams on both sides of the crossbeam 11 are strictly equal and the lever arms are completely consistent. The left side is set as a special suspension beam without graduations, which is mainly used to suspend various solid samples and liquid immersion test samples that need to be tested for specific gravity through components such as hanging ropes and hooks. The right side is set as a graduated beam 15 with precise graduations, which is mainly used to suspend and place standard counterweights. The precise balance adjustment of the counterweight is achieved by finely adjusting the hanging position of the weights by relying on the graduations.

[0028] The center of gravity adjustment ring 9 can be manually rotated to move up and down along the pointer 8. By adjusting the height of the center of gravity adjustment ring 9, the overall center of gravity position of the crossbeam 11 in the unloaded state can be precisely adjusted to ensure that the pointer and the vertical line are accurately aligned and return to zero when the balance is unloaded.

[0029] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, it also includes: a tray 20, with a loop collar 19 tied above the tray 20, the loop collar 19 being able to be fitted onto the graduated beam 15.

[0030] The top of the tray 20 is tied with a corrosion-resistant nylon one-piece molded U-shaped collar 19. The inner wall of the U-shaped collar 19 is fitted with a non-slip and wear-resistant rubber pad, which can be directly fitted onto any position of the graduated beam 15. The load is stable and does not slip or shift, and the weights are placed stably. This effectively avoids the weights from falling off or the load shaking from affecting the balance accuracy. It is suitable for stable use with various standard weights.

[0031] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the hanging knife includes a fixed end 17 and a supporting end 14; The fixed end 17 is horizontally inserted into the support plate 4, and a fixing ring 16 is fitted on the side of the fixed end 17 that is close to the support plate 4. A nut 18 is screwed onto the side of the fixed end 17 that is away from the support end 14. The support plate 4 is clamped between the fixing ring 16 and the nut 18; The support end 14 is rotatably engaged with the hanging hole 10.

[0032] The hanging knife is a rotating support component of the crossbeam 11, consisting of two main functional sections: a fixed end 17 and a support end 14. The fixed end 17 is horizontally inserted through a pre-set mounting hole in the support plate 4. The outer surface of the fixed end 17 away from the support end 14 is machined with a matching thread structure, and a locking nut 18 is fitted through the threaded screw. Axial locking is achieved by tightening the nut 18. By tightening the nut 18, the support plate 4 is tightly clamped between the fixing ring 16 and the nut 18, achieving gapless locking and fixing of the hanging knife, and preventing problems such as loosening, rotation, and displacement of the hanging knife. The top arc contact surface of the support end 14 rotates and engages with the inside of the hanging hole 10. The arc of the support end 14 is smaller than the arc of the hanging hole 10, forming a small area of ​​precise point support. The crossbeam 11 can be flexibly rotated left and right for leveling, with low frictional resistance, no jamming during leveling, and strong support stability.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the base plate 1 is screwed with a plurality of first leveling screws 2 in the vertical direction, the plurality of first leveling screws 2 are evenly distributed on the base plate 1, and the bottom end of the plurality of first leveling screws 2 is fitted with a rubber sleeve 3.

[0034] The rubber sleeve 3 covers the bottom end of the screw, which effectively increases the contact friction resistance between the base plate 1 and the worktable, preventing slippage and displacement of the gravity balance during operation and ensuring stable placement of the equipment. Furthermore, the rubber sleeve 3 provides excellent shock absorption and cushioning, effectively isolating vibrations from the worktable from being transmitted to the balance body, preventing vibrations from interfering with the balance's equilibrium and further ensuring the accuracy of gravity measurement. The height of the base plate 1 can be precisely adjusted by rotating the first leveling screw 2, quickly completing the overall basic leveling of the equipment.

[0035] Several first leveling screws 2 are evenly distributed at the four corners and key stress points of the base plate 1. The distribution is uniform and the stress is symmetrical, ensuring that the base plate is subjected to balanced stress during leveling and that no local tilting or deformation will occur.

[0036] In some embodiments, the two ends of the crossbeam 11 are symmetrically provided with second leveling screws 12, and the second leveling screws 12 are threadedly fitted with leveling nuts 13.

[0037] By rotating the leveling nuts 13 at both ends, the height difference between the two ends of the crossbeam 11 is precisely adjusted, and the horizontality of the crossbeam is calibrated twice to eliminate minor deformations in the crossbeam assembly and residual deviations in the leveling of the base plate, ensuring that the crossbeam is always in an absolutely horizontal working state and that the measurement benchmark is accurate.

[0038] In some embodiments, a fixing ring 16 is attached to a vertical line 6, and a plumb bob 5 is suspended at the lower end of the vertical line 6.

[0039] The weight of the plumb bob 5 ensures that the vertical line 6 is always absolutely vertical and is not affected by the external environment. The pointer 8 is coated with a high-contrast red marking coating 7 and a precise zero mark is engraved at the bottom. The operator can intuitively and quickly observe whether the zero mark of the pointer coincides with the vertical line 6, accurately judge the balance state, greatly reduce the visual error of manual observation, and improve the accuracy of balance judgment.

[0040] In some embodiments, a horizontal observation bubble meter is embedded in the base plate 1 along the horizontal direction, and the horizontal observation bubble meter is centered on the base plate 1.

[0041] In some embodiments, the loop collar 19 is integrally molded from corrosion-resistant flexible nylon material, and the inner wall of the loop collar 19 is fitted with an anti-slip and wear-resistant rubber pad to increase the frictional resistance between the loop collar 19 and the graduated beam 15.

[0042] In some embodiments, the contact surface between the support end 14 and the hanging hole 10 is an arc surface with a curvature smaller than that of the hanging hole 10.

[0043] In some embodiments, the pointer 8 is coated with a high-contrast red marking coating 7, and a zero mark is provided at the center of the lower end of the pointer 8, which is used to quickly and intuitively observe whether the pointer 8 overlaps with the vertical line 6. Example 1

[0044] In this embodiment, when performing testing on a conventional specific gravity balance, the equipment is first placed on a flat workbench. The first leveling screw 2 is adjusted in conjunction with the leveling bubble level to complete the overall basic leveling of the base plate. Then, the horizontality of the crossbeam is finely adjusted by the leveling nuts 13 at both ends of the crossbeam. The center of gravity adjustment ring 9 is rotated to adjust the unloaded center of gravity of the crossbeam so that the zero mark at the lower end of the pointer precisely overlaps with the vertical line 6, completing the zeroing calibration of the equipment. Subsequently, the material to be tested is suspended and fixed on the ungraded beam, and the corresponding standard weight is placed on the tray 20 with the graded beam. The weight and hanging position of the weight are finely adjusted by the scale of the graded beam 15 until the zero mark of the pointer precisely overlaps with the vertical line 6 again. After the balance reaches the standard equilibrium state, the specific gravity value of the material to be tested can be accurately calculated based on the weight of the weight and the scale value. The overall operation is simple and convenient, the calibration is accurate, the measurement error is small, and the equipment structure is stable and durable. Example 2

[0045] This embodiment is a basic standard version of a specific gravity balance, suitable for routine specific gravity testing of solid and liquid materials under normal temperature and pressure conditions in ordinary physical and chemical laboratories. It is also a common core model for quality inspection in industrial and mining enterprises and routine testing in basic experiments in colleges and universities. The structure balances basic stability and basic testing accuracy. It is simple to assemble and adjust, has a low operating threshold, and is suitable for daily batch testing needs. The core load-bearing base plate 1 of this specific gravity balance is made of thickened cast aluminum material and is integrally cast with an overall thickness of 8mm. It has the basic characteristics of sufficient self-weight, anti-shaking, and resistance to minor impacts. Four sets of first leveling screws 2 are evenly spirally installed at the four corners of the base plate 1. The bottom end of each first leveling screw 2 is tightly fitted with a thickened anti-slip and wear-resistant rubber sleeve 3. The rubber sleeve 3 is 5mm thick. It can effectively increase the contact friction between the equipment and the work surface, prevent slippage and deviation during the test, and also buffer the interference of slight vibrations in the laboratory on the testing accuracy. A circular, high-sensitivity leveling bubble meter is embedded in the center of the top surface of the base plate 1. The bubble meter is precisely matched with the level of the base plate 1, which intuitively shows the flatness of the base plate 1 and makes it easy for operators to quickly complete the foundation leveling work.

[0046] A steel support plate 4 is vertically welded to the top surface of the base plate 1. The perpendicularity error between the surface of the support plate 4 and the surface of the base plate 1 is controlled within ±0.02mm to ensure accurate assembly of the knife hanger. The knife hanger is made of stainless steel, forged in one piece and then machined in sections. The fixed end 17 horizontally penetrates the pre-set assembly through hole of the support plate 4. The side of the fixed end 17 closest to the support end 14 is fitted with a metal reinforcing fixing ring 16, while the side furthest from the support end 14 is screwed on with a high-strength locking nut 18, tightly clamping the support plate 4 between the fixing ring 16 and the locking nut 18. There is no assembly gap or looseness, and it will not shift or shake during long-term high-frequency use. The arc of the contact surface of the knife hanger support end 14 is strictly smaller than the inner arc of the hanging hole 10 of the crossbeam 11, forming a precise point support fit. The hanging hole 10 of the crossbeam 11 and the support end 14 rotate flexibly with extremely low rotational friction resistance, and the balance adjustment is smooth and without jamming. The crossbeam 11 is made of hard alloy material and has a circular hanging hole 10 in the center. The hanging hole 10 divides the crossbeam 11 into two equal sections. The left side is a non-gradient beam for hanging the material to be measured, and the right side is a graduated beam 15 with fine scale markings for mounting weights. The two ends of the crossbeam 11 are symmetrically equipped with second leveling screws 12 and matching leveling nuts 13, which can finely adjust and calibrate the level of the two ends of the crossbeam 11.

[0047] A vertical pointer 8 is fixedly installed below the hanging hole 10 of the crossbeam 11. A center-of-gravity adjustment ring 9 is screwed on the outside of the pointer 8, which can be rotated up and down to adjust the unloaded center of gravity of the crossbeam 11. The surface of the pointer 8 is sprayed with a high-contrast red marking coating 7, and a standard zero mark is engraved in the center of the lower end. A pure cotton high-strength plumb line 6 is tied to the outside of the fixing ring 16. A solid metal lead weight 5 is suspended at the bottom of the plumb line 6 to ensure that the plumb line 6 is always vertically downward. The weight carrying tray is equipped with a corrosion-resistant nylon one-piece molded U-shaped collar 19. The inner wall of the collar is fitted with an anti-slip rubber pad to prevent slipping and deviation after loading. In this embodiment, the base plate 1 is first leveled by the first leveling screw 2 in conjunction with the leveling bubble meter. Then, the crossbeam 11 is finely leveled by the second leveling screw 12. The center-of-gravity adjustment ring 9 is rotated to make the pointer 8 and the plumb line 6 zero and centered. Then, the material to be tested is suspended, a standard weight is placed and the counterweight is finely adjusted. After the pointer 8 and the plumb line 6 are aligned again, the specific gravity of the material can be calculated. The detection error is controlled within the allowable range of conventional laboratory. The structure is durable and the operation is convenient. Example 3

[0048] This embodiment is designed for special corrosive conditions such as chemical production workshops, acid and alkali material testing, and corrosive reagent ratio testing. The core optimization focuses on improving the overall corrosion resistance, aging resistance, and rust prevention of the equipment. It is suitable for specific gravity testing of various acid and alkali liquids and corrosive chemical solid raw materials, solving problems such as rust on metal components, aging of the collar, corrosion and damage to the mounting structure, and rust and jamming of support components in conventional specific gravity balances. This ensures long-term stable and high-precision testing operations under corrosive conditions. All exposed and contacting metal parts of this specific gravity balance, including the base plate 1, support plate 4, crossbeam 11, hanging knife, and leveling screws, undergo double anti-corrosion treatment. First, a hot-dip galvanized anti-rust base is applied, followed by spraying a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) corrosion-resistant protective coating. The coating thickness is uniformly controlled at 0.3mm, providing resistance to acids and alkalis, oxidation, and chemical mist corrosion, preventing rust, deformation, jamming, and structural loosening of metal components due to long-term contact with corrosive media.

[0049] The fixing ring 16 and locking nut 18 of the knife-hanging end 17 are both made of 304 stainless steel with anti-corrosion properties, eliminating ordinary iron parts and avoiding loosening of the assembly due to rust in chemical environments. The knife-hanging support end 14 is polished and ground, with a smooth and burr-free surface, preventing the accumulation of corrosion impurities at the rotating fit with the hanging hole 10 of the crossbeam 11, ensuring smooth and unobstructed rotation over long-term use. The U-shaped collar 19 used for weight mounting is made of thickened corrosion-resistant modified nylon material through one-piece injection molding. Compared with ordinary nylon material, it has added anti-corrosion and anti-aging additives, and can withstand long-term immersion in strong acids, strong alkalis, and organic solvents. The anti-slip pad layer on the inner wall of the U-shaped collar 19 uses acid and alkali resistant fluororubber material instead of ordinary rubber, which retains the functions of anti-slip and wear resistance and increases friction resistance, while preventing hardening, cracking, detachment, and damage from contact with corrosive materials, greatly improving the service life of the mounting structure.

[0050] The red marking coating 7 of pointer 8 uses a special anti-corrosion and sun-resistant spray paint, which will not fade or peel off even after long-term contact with chemical volatile mists. The zero line is laser-engraved for enhanced depth, making it resistant to corrosion and wear, and maintaining clear legibility even after long-term use. The plumb line 6 uses a corrosion-resistant chemical fiber material instead of pure cotton, which is corrosion-resistant, mildew-proof, and does not stretch or deform. The surface of the lead weight 5 is wrapped with an anti-corrosion protective sleeve to prevent corrosion of the lead weight 5 from affecting the vertical accuracy of the plumb line 6. The multi-level leveling structure, center of gravity adjustment structure, and support fastening structure of this embodiment are consistent with the basic structure of embodiment 1, retaining the core advantages of high-precision leveling, anti-loosening support, and low human observation error. The materials and protective processes are optimized only for corrosive working conditions, making it suitable for harsh chemical testing environments and capable of accurately completing the specific gravity testing of various corrosive chemical materials. The equipment has a long maintenance cycle and a low failure rate. Example 4

[0051] This embodiment is optimized for the specific gravity testing of heavy and bulky solid building materials such as sand and gravel, concrete aggregates, stone slabs, and wall insulation materials. It focuses on enhancing the overall structural load-bearing capacity, deformation resistance, and load-bearing stability of the balance, addressing issues such as insufficient load-bearing capacity, deformation of the crossbeam 11 under pressure, loosening of the hanging blade under stress, slippage of heavy weights, and load offset after leveling. It is suitable for high-strength, high-load, and high-stability testing requirements in building material inspection. The base plate 1 of this specific gravity balance is thickened and upgraded to 12mm high-strength cast steel, significantly improving the overall load-bearing capacity. The bottom rubber sleeve 3 of the base plate 1 is thickened and expanded to increase the contact support area, preventing localized pressure sinking and deformation of the platform during heavy weight testing, thus avoiding horizontal reference offset. Five sets of first leveling screws 2 are evenly distributed on the base plate 1, providing more uniform load distribution and more stable leveling support points compared to the conventional four-set leveling structure, making it suitable for foundation leveling operations under heavy load conditions.

[0052] The support plate 4 is reinforced by welding with thickened steel plates, and a triangular reinforcing rib is added to the back to enhance the vertical support strength of the support plate 4 and prevent the support plate 4 from tilting or deforming under stress when testing heavy materials. The hanging knife is forged from high-hardness alloy steel, and the diameter of the fixed end 17 is thickened. The fixing ring 16 and the locking nut 18 are thickened and reinforced, which greatly improves the bidirectional clamping and locking force, completely offsetting the tensile and compressive forces generated by heavy load testing, and thoroughly avoiding loosening of the hanging knife assembly and force deviation. The crossbeam 11 is made of high-strength manganese steel, and the beam thickness is widened and thickened, with excellent resistance to bending deformation. After heavy materials are hung, the crossbeam 11 does not show slight bending deformation, strictly ensuring that the lever arms on both sides of the hanging hole 10 remain unchanged in length, and structurally avoiding measurement benchmark deviation caused by load-bearing deformation.

[0053] The second leveling screws 12 and leveling nuts 13 at both ends of the crossbeam 11 are made of thickened, high-strength material, finely adjusting the levelness of the crossbeam 11 after load-bearing, precisely offsetting minor horizontal deviations caused by heavy loads. The widened and thickened design of the U-shaped collar 19 increases the contact area with the graduated beam, and the thickened and denser anti-slip padding layer on the inner wall significantly improves the anti-slip grip, ensuring stable loading of heavy weights without slippage or collar detachment. The weighted and thickened design of the center of gravity adjustment ring 9 makes the center of gravity adjustment more stable, ensuring the balance center of gravity does not shift during heavy load testing, and the pointer 8 is accurately aligned with the vertical line 6. This embodiment retains the core structure of multi-level basic leveling and intuitive centering observation, specifically strengthening the load-bearing and deformation resistance performance, and is specially adapted for the specific gravity testing of heavy materials in building materials inspection, providing stable load-bearing capacity, accurate measurement, and a durable and robust structure. Example 5

[0054] This embodiment is designed for precise scientific research experiments, micro-volume new material samples, and high-precision component small-volume material specific gravity testing in research institutes. The core optimizations include fine-tuning accuracy, observational recognition, center-of-gravity fine-tuning sensitivity, and control of minute errors. It strictly controls mechanical friction errors, human observation errors, and baseline fine-tuning errors to meet the stringent requirements of thousandth-place level high-precision specific gravity testing in scientific research experiments. The base plate 1 of this specific gravity balance is made of lightweight, high-precision aerospace-grade aluminum alloy sheet, with a flatness error controlled within ±0.01mm. The base plate 1 is equipped with a high-precision mini-leveling bubble level, with finely graduated bubble movement scale, accurately identifying minute horizontal deviations and achieving micron-level basic leveling calibration. The first leveling screw 2 of the base plate 1 uses a precision fine-pitch thread with a denser thread pitch, allowing for precise and controllable height adjustment during rotation. This enables minute and fine adjustments to the height of the base plate 1, achieving a leveling accuracy far exceeding that of conventional models.

[0055] The knife-hanging support end 14 undergoes mirror polishing for refined processing, with the arc surface precisely matching the fitting requirements of the hanging hole 10. This minimizes point-support frictional resistance, ensuring extremely smooth rotation and adjustment of the crossbeam 11. Even minor changes in counterweight allow for rapid balance adjustment without mechanical friction lag. The knife-hanging fixing end 17 features precisely calibrated assembly gaps, and the locking force of the fixing ring 16 and locking nut 18 is precisely controlled, preventing both loosening and over-tightening that could cause structural stress deformation, thus ensuring long-term stability of the support benchmark. The crossbeam 11's scale beam uses laser precision etching for ultra-fine graduations, significantly reducing the scale division value and allowing for higher precision in fine-tuning of the weight mounting position, accommodating precise adjustment of minute counterweights. The second leveling screws 12 at both ends of the crossbeam 11 employ ultra-fine threaded fine-pitch adjustments, and the leveling nuts 13 are marked with graduations, allowing for precise recording of the crossbeam 11's fine-tuning parameters, facilitating data traceability and replication in scientific research experiments.

[0056] The center-of-gravity adjustment ring 9 employs a fine-toothed screw mechanism, allowing for precise and controllable micro-adjustments of the center of gravity with each rotation. This enables precise calibration of the unloaded initial center of gravity of the crossbeam 11, ensuring zero deviation at the zeroing reference. The pointer 8 features a high-saturation red marking coating 7 with ultra-fine laser engraving of the zero line. The plumb line 6 utilizes ultra-fine, high-strength vertical wire, and the lead weight 5 incorporates a miniature precision counterweight design. The plumb line 6 remains vertical and undisturbed, allowing operators to accurately observe even minor alignment deviations between the pointer 8 and the plumb line 6, minimizing human observation errors. The loop-shaped collar 19 is made of ultra-thin, precision, and flexible material with a delicate and wear-resistant anti-slip pad layer, ensuring no shaking or slippage when carrying micro-weights and eliminating additional counterweight interference. This embodiment simplifies structural redundancy and enhances micro-adjustment and detection accuracy throughout the entire process, making it specifically suited for the micro-quantity, high-precision, and highly repeatable specific gravity testing work in scientific research laboratories.

[0057] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, the phrase "comprising an element defined as..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0058] It is worth noting that all standard parts used in this invention can be purchased from the market, and irregularly shaped parts can be customized according to the description and drawings. The specific connection methods of each part all adopt conventional methods such as bolts, rivets, and welding that are mature in the prior art. The models of electrical structure equipment involved can be selected according to the user's needs, as long as they meet the requirements of this application. In addition, the circuit connection adopts conventional connection methods in the prior art. The supporting electrical structures such as the control, current detection, position feedback, predicted voltage synchronization and parameter adjustment of the electrical equipment are all existing technologies, such as PLC controllers and module structures, so they will not be described in detail here.

[0059] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A specific gravity balance, characterized in that, include: A crossbeam (11) has a hanging hole (10) in the middle. On both sides of the hanging hole (10), there are graduated beams (15) of equal length for hanging weights and ungraded beams for hanging the object to be measured. The pointer (8) is mounted on the crossbeam (11) and located below the hanging hole (10). The pointer (8) is screwed with a center of gravity adjustment ring (9) for adjusting the height of the center of gravity of the pointer (8). The base plate (1) is located below the crossbeam (11) and is equipped with a support plate (4) for supporting the crossbeam (11). A hanging knife is installed on the base plate (1) and is used to support the crossbeam (11).

2. The specific gravity balance according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The tray (20) has a spiral collar (19) tied above it, which can be fitted onto the graduated beam (15).

3. The specific gravity balance according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hanging knife includes a fixed end (17) and a supporting end (14). The fixed end (17) is inserted horizontally into the support plate (4), and a fixing ring (16) is fitted on the side of the support plate (4) close to the support end (14). A nut (18) is screwed on the side of the fixed end (17) away from the support end (14). The support plate (4) is sandwiched between the fixing ring (16) and the nut (18); The support end (14) is rotatably engaged with the hanging hole (10).

4. The specific gravity balance according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base plate (1) is screwed with a plurality of first leveling screws (2) in the vertical direction. The plurality of first leveling screws (2) are evenly distributed on the base plate (1), and the bottom end of the plurality of first leveling screws (2) is fitted with a rubber sleeve (3).

5. The specific gravity balance according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two ends of the crossbeam (11) are symmetrically provided with second leveling screws (12), and the second leveling screws (12) are threadedly fitted with leveling nuts (13).

6. The specific gravity balance according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fixing ring (16) is tied with a vertical line (6), and a plumb bob (5) is suspended at the lower end of the vertical line (6).

7. The specific gravity balance according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base plate (1) is fitted with a horizontal observation bubble meter along the horizontal direction, and the horizontal observation bubble meter is centered on the base plate (1).

8. The specific gravity balance according to claim 2, characterized in that, The loop collar (19) is integrally molded from corrosion-resistant flexible nylon material. The inner wall of the loop collar (19) is fitted with an anti-slip and wear-resistant rubber pad to increase the frictional resistance between the loop collar (19) and the graduated beam (15).

9. The specific gravity balance according to claim 3, characterized in that, The contact surface between the support end (14) and the hanging hole (10) is an arc surface with a curvature smaller than that of the hanging hole (10).

10. The specific gravity balance according to claim 6, characterized in that, The pointer (8) is coated with a high-contrast red marking coating (7), and a zero mark is provided at the center of the lower end of the pointer (8) for quick and intuitive observation of whether the pointer (8) overlaps with the vertical line (6).

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