A power transmission device-oriented spectrum adaptive wireless communication method and related device

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a kind of power transmission equipment-oriented spectrum adaptive wireless communication method and related equipment, belong to communication technical field.The method comprises: the operating state parameter of power transmission equipment is collected;According to operating state parameter and the wireless service type of corresponding wireless communication terminal, the target working frequency band of wireless communication terminal is determined by spectrum availability view;According to target working frequency band and the transmission path between wireless communication terminal and target terminal, power calculation is carried out, and the transmitting power of wireless communication terminal is obtained;According to wireless service type, the transmitting duty cycle is determined;Wireless communication is carried out based on target working frequency band, transmitting power and transmitting duty cycle;If the quality of wireless communication process is lower than quality threshold, update spectrum availability view, to determine new target working frequency band and transmitting power again.The embodiment of the application can reduce the power consumption of wireless communication, while improving the stability and reliability of wireless communication.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a spectrum-adaptive wireless communication method and related equipment for power transmission equipment. Background Technology

[0002] In high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission projects, numerous state, environmental, and fault characteristic quantities exist in areas such as valve halls, DC fields, converter transformers, and along the transmission line, requiring online acquisition and transmission via communication systems. In related technologies, field communication often employs dedicated wireless systems with fixed frequency bands or operates on pre-planned industrial wireless channels, with communication parameters typically determined during the design phase. Under the combined influence of strong electromagnetic fields, switching operation spikes, corona discharge, and lightning interference, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and bit error rate (BER) of wireless links exhibit significant fluctuations in time and space. Fixed frequency bands and static configurations struggle to effectively avoid narrowband or broadband interference sources, leading to unstable link quality, increased retransmission overhead, and consequently, increased terminal power consumption.

[0003] The wireless communication solutions used in high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission sites generally adopt fixed operating frequency bands and uniform power configurations, making it impossible for terminals to dynamically reconfigure available frequency bands. When link quality deteriorates, they usually rely on simple retransmission or code rate adjustment, which leads to a sacrifice of reliability under strong interference or heavy load conditions, significantly increasing terminal power consumption and making it difficult to meet the low power consumption and high robustness requirements of long-term online monitoring and control of HVDC transmission equipment.

[0004] In summary, the technical problems existing in the relevant technologies need to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this application is to propose a spectrum-adaptive wireless communication method and related equipment for power transmission equipment, which can reduce the power consumption of wireless communication and improve the stability and reliability of wireless communication.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, one aspect of this application proposes a spectrum-adaptive wireless communication method for power transmission equipment, the method comprising: Collect operating status parameters of power transmission equipment; Based on the operating status parameters and the corresponding wireless service type of the wireless communication terminal, the target operating frequency band of the wireless communication terminal is determined through the spectrum availability view; The transmit power of the wireless communication terminal is obtained by calculating the power based on the target operating frequency band and the transmission path between the wireless communication terminal and the target terminal. Determine the transmission duty cycle based on the wireless service type; Wireless communication is performed based on the target operating frequency band, the transmission power, and the transmission duty cycle. If the communication quality of the wireless communication process is lower than the quality threshold, the spectrum availability view is updated to redetermine the new target operating frequency band and the transmit power.

[0007] In some embodiments, the spectrum availability view is obtained through the following steps: Obtain the spatial locations of several of the wireless communication terminals; Based on the operating status parameters, the communication frequency range of the wireless communication terminal is determined through a preset spectrum feature model; Listen to each sub-band of the communication frequency range to obtain local spectrum sensing data; The wireless communication terminal is spatially divided according to its spatial location to obtain a spatial analysis unit; Availability scores are obtained by performing availability scores on each sub-band of the local spectrum sensing data belonging to the same spatial analysis unit. The spectrum availability view is formed based on the identifier of each spatial analysis unit and the availability score of each sub-band in the spatial analysis unit.

[0008] In some embodiments, the spectral feature model is obtained through the following steps: Acquire the electromagnetic radiation characteristics and corresponding interference alarms under different operating state parameters; Based on the electromagnetic radiation characteristics and the interference alarm status, an interference spectrum distribution record is obtained by performing an interference analysis on the operating status parameters. The frequency segments of the interference spectrum distribution record are filtered to obtain the spectrum feature model.

[0009] In some embodiments, the step of listening to each sub-band of the communication frequency range to obtain local spectrum sensing data includes: Multiple energy spectrum distribution measurements were performed on the sub-frequency band to obtain power spectrum samples; Feature extraction is performed on the power spectrum samples to obtain the statistical features of each sub-frequency band; The statistical characteristics of each sub-band are aggregated to obtain the local spectrum sensing data.

[0010] In some embodiments, determining the target operating frequency band of the wireless communication terminal through a spectrum availability view based on the operating status parameters and the corresponding wireless service type of the wireless communication terminal includes: Based on the operating status parameters, candidate operating frequency bands and corresponding availability scores are determined through the spectrum availability view; The availability score is compared with the corresponding preset availability threshold based on the wireless service type to determine the candidate operating frequency band as the target operating frequency band.

[0011] In some embodiments, the step of calculating the transmit power of the wireless communication terminal based on the target operating frequency band and the transmission path between the wireless communication terminal and the target terminal includes: The path loss is calculated based on the target operating frequency band for the transmission path between the wireless communication terminal and the target terminal to obtain the path loss. The transmit power is limited to a minimum usable value based on the path loss.

[0012] In some embodiments, updating the spectrum availability view when the communication quality of the wireless communication process is lower than a quality threshold includes: Obtain the combined success rate, packet loss rate, and latency during wireless communication. The communication quality is obtained by calculating the overall quality based on the successful transmission rate, packet loss ratio, and latency. If, within a preset time window, all calculated communication qualities are below the quality threshold, the spectrum availability view is updated.

[0013] In some embodiments, the method further includes: If the difference between the new target operating frequency band and the original target operating frequency band is greater than a first change hysteresis threshold, then the operating frequency band of the wireless communication terminal is determined to be the new target operating frequency band. If the difference between the new transmission power and the original transmission power is greater than the second change hysteresis threshold, then the operating power of the wireless communication terminal is determined to be the new transmission power.

[0014] To achieve the above objectives, another aspect of this application proposes a spectrum-adaptive wireless communication device for power transmission equipment, the device comprising: The data acquisition module is used to collect operating status parameters of power transmission equipment; The frequency band adaptation module is used to determine the target operating frequency band of the wireless communication terminal based on the operating status parameters and the corresponding wireless service type of the wireless communication terminal through a spectrum availability view. A power adaptation module is used to perform power calculation based on the target operating frequency band and the transmission path between the wireless communication terminal and the target terminal to obtain the transmit power of the wireless communication terminal; A duty cycle adaptation module is used to determine the transmission duty cycle according to the wireless service type. The communication module is used for wireless communication based on the target operating frequency band, the transmission power, and the transmission duty cycle; An update module is used to update the spectrum availability view if the communication quality of the wireless communication process is lower than a quality threshold, so as to redetermine the new target operating frequency band and the transmit power.

[0015] To achieve the above objectives, another aspect of this application provides an electronic device, which includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the method described above.

[0016] To achieve the above objectives, another aspect of the embodiments of this application proposes a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the methods described above.

[0017] To achieve the above objectives, another aspect of the embodiments of this application proposes a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the aforementioned method.

[0018] The embodiments of this application include at least the following beneficial effects: This application provides a spectrum adaptive wireless communication method, apparatus, electronic device, storage medium, and program product for power transmission equipment. This scheme, through a dynamic spectrum allocation strategy, enables each wireless communication terminal to independently calculate the target operating frequency band, transmit power, and transmit duty cycle based on the spectrum availability view and operating status parameters. This achieves joint optimization of frequency band selection, power control, and energy consumption scheduling, reducing spectrum congestion, excessive transmit energy consumption, or control delay failures caused by adjusting a single parameter. By detecting communication quality and triggering iterative updates, the spectrum availability view can be adjusted in real time according to changes in the operating conditions of the DC power transmission system, reducing the power consumption of wireless communication while improving the stability and reliability of wireless communication. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a spectrum-adaptive wireless communication method for power transmission equipment provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a detailed flowchart of the spectrum adaptive wireless communication method provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is a system architecture diagram of the spectrum adaptive wireless communication system provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of the electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of this application and are not intended to limit it. In the following description, when referring to the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with those of this application; they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of the embodiments of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0021] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing embodiments of this application only and is not intended to limit this application.

[0022] Before providing a detailed description of the embodiments of this application, some of the nouns and terms involved in the embodiments of this application will be explained first. The nouns and terms involved in the embodiments of this application are subject to the following interpretations.

[0023] In current high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission projects, numerous state variables, environmental variables, and fault characteristic variables exist in areas such as valve halls, DC fields, converter transformers, and along the transmission lines, requiring online acquisition and transmission via communication systems. In related technologies, field communication often employs dedicated wireless systems with fixed frequency bands or operates on pre-planned industrial wireless channels, with communication parameters typically determined during the design phase. Under the combined influence of strong electromagnetic fields, switching operation spikes, corona discharge, and lightning interference, the signal-to-noise ratio and bit error rate of wireless links exhibit significant fluctuations in time and space. Fixed frequency bands and static configurations struggle to effectively avoid narrowband or broadband interference sources, leading to unstable link quality, increased retransmission overhead, and consequently, increased terminal power consumption.

[0024] With the increasing scarcity of spectrum resources and the growing digitalization of power transmission channels, integrated wireless sensing and refined spectrum management for power systems are gradually becoming the development direction. Related research mostly focuses on general industrial environments or urban scenarios, lacking systematic modeling of the coupling relationship between electromagnetic radiation characteristics near high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission equipment, changes in operating status, and spectrum availability.

[0025] The existing wireless communication solutions for high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission sites still have significant shortcomings in terms of spectrum adaptation and energy consumption coordination: First, they generally adopt fixed operating frequency bands and uniform power configurations, making it impossible for terminals to dynamically reconfigure available frequency bands; second, the applications of spectrum sensing are mostly limited to local detection within a single terminal and a short time window; and third, when link quality deteriorates, they usually rely on simple retransmission or code rate adjustment, which leads to either sacrificing reliability or significantly increasing terminal energy consumption under strong interference or heavy load conditions, making it difficult to meet the low power consumption and high robustness requirements for long-term online monitoring and control of HVDC transmission equipment.

[0026] In view of this, this application provides a spectrum-adaptive wireless communication method and related equipment for power transmission equipment. This scheme uses a dynamic spectrum allocation strategy to enable each wireless communication terminal to independently calculate the target operating frequency band, transmit power, and transmit duty cycle based on the spectrum availability view and operating status parameters. This achieves joint optimization of frequency band selection, power control, and energy consumption scheduling, reducing spectrum congestion, excessive transmit energy consumption, or control delay failure caused by adjusting a single parameter. By detecting communication quality and triggering iterative updates, the spectrum availability view can be adjusted in real time according to changes in the operating conditions of the DC power transmission system, reducing the power consumption of wireless communication while improving the stability and reliability of wireless communication.

[0027] The spectrum-adaptive wireless communication method for power transmission equipment provided in this application relates to the field of communication technology. This method can be applied to a terminal, a server, or software running on either a terminal or a server.

[0028] This application can be used in a wide variety of general-purpose or special-purpose computer system environments or configurations. Examples include: personal computers, server computers, handheld or portable devices, tablet devices, multiprocessor systems, microprocessor-based systems, set-top boxes, programmable consumer electronics devices, network PCs, minicomputers, mainframe computers, and distributed computing environments including any of the above systems or devices. This application can be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions executed by a computer, such as program modules. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc., that perform specific tasks or implement specific abstract data types. This application can also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices connected via a communication network. In distributed computing environments, program modules can reside in local and remote computer storage media, including storage devices.

[0029] Figure 1 This is an optional flowchart of a spectrum-adaptive wireless communication method for power transmission equipment provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 1The method may include, but is not limited to, steps S101 to S106.

[0030] Step S101: Collect the operating status parameters of the power transmission equipment; Step S102: Based on the operating status parameters and the corresponding wireless service type of the wireless communication terminal, determine the target operating frequency band of the wireless communication terminal through the spectrum availability view; Step S103: Calculate the power based on the target operating frequency band and the transmission path between the wireless communication terminal and the target terminal to obtain the transmission power of the wireless communication terminal; Step S104: Determine the transmission duty cycle according to the wireless service type; Step S105: Conduct wireless communication based on the target operating frequency band, transmit power, and transmit duty cycle; Step S106: If the communication quality of the wireless communication process is lower than the quality threshold, update the spectrum availability view to redetermine the new target operating frequency band and transmit power.

[0031] In step S101 of some embodiments, the operating status parameters include at least the DC pole routing scheme, the magnitude of DC power flow, the valve side trigger angle setting value, and the combination of switching operation states. For example, the power flow is set to 50%, 80%, and 100% of the rated power, the trigger angle is set to three different levels, and the switching operation includes stationary, single switch opening and closing, and multi-switch sequential operation.

[0032] In step S102 of some embodiments, the spectrum availability view is used to describe the availability status of each spatial location within the target area on different candidate operating frequency bands. It is a multi-dimensional spectrum representation structure that includes spatial dimension, frequency band dimension, and availability score dimension. For example, for a line segment consisting of 5 spatial analysis units, 5 sets of correspondences can be formed in the spectrum availability view. Each set of relationships includes a list of candidate operating frequency bands and their availability scores. Through this view, each wireless communication terminal can directly find the current optimal operating frequency band based on its own spatial analysis unit during the subsequent spectrum allocation process, realizing coordinated spectrum selection and adaptive configuration within the region.

[0033] In some embodiments, the spectrum availability view can be obtained through steps S211 to S216: Step S211: Obtain the spatial locations of several wireless communication terminals; Step S212: Determine the communication frequency range of the wireless communication terminal based on the operating status parameters and a preset spectrum characteristic model; Step S213: Listen to each sub-band of the communication frequency range to obtain local spectrum sensing data; Step S214: Divide the wireless communication terminal into spatial units based on its spatial location to obtain spatial analysis units; Step S215: Availability scores are performed on each sub-band of the local spectrum sensing data belonging to the same spatial analysis unit to obtain the availability score. Step S216: A spectrum availability view is formed based on the identifier of each spatial analysis unit and the availability score of each sub-band in the spatial analysis unit.

[0034] In step S212 of some embodiments, the spectrum feature model is a lookup table structure, including the relationship between operating state parameters and corresponding interference levels, and the relationship between each interference level and the corresponding candidate operating frequency band set.

[0035] In some embodiments, the spectral feature model can be obtained through steps S221 to S223: Step S221: Obtain the electromagnetic radiation characteristics and corresponding interference alarms under different operating state parameters; Step S222: Based on the electromagnetic radiation characteristics and interference alarm status, perform interference analysis on the operating status parameters to obtain the interference spectrum distribution record; Step S223: Filter the frequency segments of the interference spectrum distribution record to obtain the spectrum feature model.

[0036] In step S221 of some embodiments, a spectral characteristic model is established through field testing and parameter mapping. Specifically, during the commissioning or testing phase of a high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission project, multiple representative locations, including the converter station valve hall, the DC field area, and typical tower sections along the line, are selected to deploy electromagnetic field measurement devices and spectrum analysis devices to record the electromagnetic radiation characteristics under different combinations of operating state parameters. By performing spectrum scanning on multiple frequency bands under each parameter combination, measurement data reflecting the change of electromagnetic radiation intensity (electromagnetic radiation characteristics) with frequency under that operating state can be obtained. These measurement results, indexed by combinations of operating state parameters, serve as the basis for subsequent interference level classification and interference spectrum analysis.

[0037] In step S222 of some embodiments, after obtaining a large number of electromagnetic radiation measurement results, to facilitate characterizing the interference characteristics under different operating conditions in the spectral domain, the operating state parameters are first grouped according to the measured electromagnetic radiation intensity and interference alarm status, and divided into several interference levels. For example, they can be divided into a first interference level, a second interference level, and a third interference level. The first interference level corresponds to the operating condition where the frequency of interference events is low and the average radiation intensity is low during long-term observation, while the third interference level corresponds to the operating condition where the frequency of interference events is high and there are spike pulses. Under each interference level, this embodiment performs statistical analysis on multiple sets of measurement results belonging to that level, and organizes the radiation intensity, interference duration, and occurrence frequency in each frequency point or frequency interval to form an interference spectrum distribution record covering a predetermined frequency band range. The interference spectrum distribution record refers to dividing the frequency range into multiple continuous sub-frequency bands using the interference level as an index, and providing a spectral description of the radiation intensity level, interference occurrence probability, and typical interference source type identification for each sub-frequency band, which is used for subsequent screening of usable frequency bands.

[0038] In step S223 of some embodiments, based on the formation of the interference spectrum distribution record, frequency segments significantly affected by specific interference sources and available frequency segments are further identified. Specifically, by analyzing stable spectral lines, broadband noise rises, or periodic pulse peaks appearing near specific frequencies in each interference spectrum distribution record, for example, high-frequency continuous radiation intervals related to corona discharge, intervals near fundamental integer multiples related to converter valve harmonics, and transient strong interference intervals related to switching operation pulses are marked as "significantly affected frequency segments". Subsequently, in the interference spectrum distribution record corresponding to each interference level, the aforementioned significantly affected frequency segments are removed, and frequency segments that are not allowed to be used are removed according to spectrum regulatory requirements. The remaining continuous frequency intervals that meet the requirements of radiation intensity below a preset safety threshold, interference occurrence probability below a preset probability threshold, and bandwidth not less than a preset minimum bandwidth are summarized, and the set of these frequency intervals is defined as the candidate operating frequency band set for that interference level. The candidate operating frequency band set is used to limit the range of spectrum resources that wireless communication terminals can preferentially select under a certain interference level. Finally, the relationship between the operating status parameters and the corresponding interference levels, as well as the relationship between each interference level and the corresponding candidate working frequency band set, are uniformly stored as a lookup table structure. When a specified operating status parameter is input, the corresponding interference level and candidate working frequency band set can be directly retrieved. This lookup table structure is the spectrum feature model, which provides a basis for the subsequent construction of spectrum availability view and determination of spectrum adaptive communication parameters.

[0039] In step S213 of some embodiments, each wireless communication terminal pre-stores a set of candidate operating frequency bands given by the spectrum feature model in the host system or configuration file. When the wireless communication terminal starts the spectrum sensing process, it reads one or more frequency intervals corresponding to the current operating state from the set of candidate operating frequency bands, and divides each frequency interval into several sub-frequency bands according to a fixed bandwidth. For example, a candidate operating frequency band with a total bandwidth of 1 MHz is divided into 10 equal-width sub-frequency bands. Subsequently, the wireless communication terminal performs short-term listening on each sub-frequency band in sequence, maintaining a fixed dwell time in the sub-frequency band, for example, dwelling on each sub-frequency band for 100 milliseconds. During the dwell time, it calls the local radio frequency front-end and spectrum analysis module to measure the energy spectrum distribution of the sub-frequency band, and obtains the instantaneous power spectrum data of the sub-frequency band at the dwell time.

[0040] Furthermore, the spectrum characteristic model includes an operational status index, a frequency segment index, spectrum statistical characteristics, and interference segment identifiers. Let the... The combination of operating states is , This includes DC power flow, valve-side trigger angle, switch operation status, spatial analysis unit of the equipment, and acquisition time window. It targets the first [unclear - possibly a specific frequency range or component] within the candidate frequency interval. Sub-band In the Continuous data acquisition under various operating state combinations Group power spectrum samples, denoted as Calculate the average spectral power, peak spectral power, and occupancy rate of the sub-band.

[0041] The average spectral power is:

[0042] Peak spectral power is:

[0043] The occupancy rate is:

[0044] In the formula, Indicates the first The first combination of operating states Average spectral power of each sub-band; Indicates the first The first combination of operating states Peak spectral power of each sub-band; Indicates the first Power spectrum sample obtained from the second listening session; This indicates the number of times the same sub-band was monitored within a statistical time window; This indicates the number of times the power spectrum sample exceeds the occupancy threshold; Indicates the first The proportion of each sub-band occupied within the statistical time window.

[0045] To avoid using subjective weighting, this embodiment uses the background spectral power under silent operating conditions as a benchmark to calculate the first... Normalized interference intensity of each sub-band: ; In the formula, Indicates the first The first combination of operating states Normalized interference intensity of each sub-band; Indicates the first Median background spectral power of each sub-band under silent or low-load conditions; Indicates the first The 95th percentile spectral power of each sub-band in historical observation data; This represents the smallest positive number that prevents the denominator from being zero. and All data are obtained from historical spectrum scanning data on-site, and no manual weighting is required.

[0046] according to , and Frequency bands are marked. When Greater than or equal to the first interference threshold, or Exceeding the peak interference threshold, or When the occupancy rate threshold is exceeded, the corresponding sub-frequency band is marked as an affected sub-frequency band; consecutive affected sub-frequency bands are merged to form an affected frequency segment. The remaining unaffected consecutive frequency segments that meet regulatory requirements and minimum bandwidth requirements are then summarized to obtain the [number of affected frequency segments]. A set of candidate operating frequency bands under various operating state combinations. The resulting spectral characteristic model can directly output the set of candidate operating frequency bands and the interference intensity of each sub-band based on the operating state of the power transmission equipment, avoiding long-term exposure of fixed frequency bands to corona discharge, converter valve harmonics, or switching operation pulse interference, thereby improving the accuracy of target operating frequency band selection.

[0047] In some embodiments, step S213 may include, but is not limited to, steps S231 to S233: Step S231: Perform multiple energy spectrum distribution measurements on the sub-band to obtain power spectrum samples; Step S232: Extract features from the power spectrum samples to obtain the statistical features of each sub-band; Step S233: The statistical characteristics of each sub-band are aggregated to obtain local spectrum sensing data.

[0048] In steps S231 to S233 of some embodiments, to improve the stability and robustness of spectrum evaluation, the wireless communication terminal repeats the listening operation of the same sub-frequency band multiple times at different time points. For example, it repeats the listening operation of the same sub-frequency band 10 or 20 times within a time window of several seconds, forming a set of power spectrum samples of the sub-frequency band within that time window. For this set of power spectrum samples, this embodiment extracts statistical features such as peak value, average value, and occupancy ratio of the power spectrum. The peak value is used to reflect whether a strong interference spike occurs in the sub-frequency band within a short period of time. The average value is used to characterize the average noise level or background interference level of the sub-frequency band. The occupancy ratio is used to indicate the proportion of the time that the sub-frequency band is occupied by an external transmission source within the time window to the total observation time. For example, when other systems are continuously transmitting in the sub-frequency band, the occupancy ratio can be close to 1. When the sub-frequency band is idle for most of the time, the occupancy ratio can be close to 0.

[0049] After extracting the statistical characteristics of each sub-band, the peak, average, and occupancy ratio of the sub-band's power spectrum are associated with the corresponding sub-band's frequency identifier and listening time information to form a structured spectrum sensing record. For example, each record can include fields such as the sub-band center frequency, sub-band bandwidth, and the start and end times covered by the statistics. After a wireless communication terminal scans all target sub-bands within a sampling period, it obtains a dataset containing multiple spectrum sensing records. In this embodiment, this dataset is defined as the local spectrum sensing data of the wireless communication terminal within that sampling period. Through the above method, the local spectrum sensing data can fully reflect the energy level, occupancy, and instantaneous interference characteristics of each sub-band in the candidate operating frequency band set under the current operating state and time conditions, providing basic data support for the subsequent aggregation of multiple wireless communication terminals to form a spectrum availability view.

[0050] In step S214 of some embodiments, the transmission channel is divided into tower sections, lead-line sections, converter station areas, valve hall external areas, or DC equipment functional zones according to the physical layout and equipment functional characteristics of the transmission line. Each zone is defined as a spatial analysis unit. The spatial analysis unit is used to characterize the spatial location of wireless communication terminals, enabling spectrum sensing data from the same area to be processed within a uniform spatial range during spectrum evaluation. For example, one to three adjacent tower sections can be grouped into one spatial analysis unit, or the AC and DC fields of the converter station can be set as different spatial analysis units to correspond to the local electromagnetic environment characteristics.

[0051] In step S215 of some embodiments, after the spatial analysis unit division is completed, the local spectrum sensing data belonging to the same spatial analysis unit and within the same time window are aggregated. Specifically, each wireless communication terminal periodically reports local spectrum sensing data with location identifiers and timestamps. The system integrates the statistical characteristics of all sub-bands within the same spatial analysis unit and the same time window (e.g., 10 seconds or 30 seconds) in the background or on the distributed terminal side. By comprehensively calculating the normalized interference intensity, occupancy ratio, and peak interference status, an availability score can be generated for each candidate operating frequency band. This availability score is used to characterize the spectrum idleness and interference controllability of the frequency band within a specific spatial analysis unit.

[0052] Specifically, for the first Within the spatial analysis unit, the first For each sub-band, calculate its availability score. : ; In the formula, Indicates the first Within the spatial analysis unit, the first The availability score for each sub-band ranges from 0 to 1; Indicates the first Within the spatial analysis unit, the first Normalized interference intensity of each sub-band; Indicates the first Within the spatial analysis unit, the first The occupancy ratio of each sub-band; This represents the spike interference suppression factor. When the... When the peak spectral power of each sub-band does not exceed the peak interference threshold within the statistical time window Set to 1; when the peak spectral power exceeds the peak interference threshold, Set to 0. This formula does not introduce manually adjusted weights. The three factors correspond to the background interference level, frequency band occupancy degree, and sudden spike interference state, respectively. A significant deterioration in any of these factors will reduce the availability score.

[0053] For by Candidate operating frequency band composed of several consecutive sub-frequency bands Calculate the availability score of candidate operating frequency bands. If the candidate operating frequency band is used for protection or control services, then Pick Minimum value in sub-band availability score: ; If the candidate operating frequency band is used for monitoring services, then Pick The arithmetic mean of the sub-band availability scores: ; In the formula, Indicates candidate operating frequency bands The number of consecutive sub-bands included. Protection and control services use a minimum value criterion to avoid localized strong interference sub-bands affecting critical services; monitoring services use an average value criterion to improve spectrum utilization while meeting basic communication reliability. Through these processes, the spectrum availability view is expanded from a simple list of bands to a calculable and sortable space-band scoring structure, enabling wireless communication terminals to reliably select target operating frequency bands more suitable for their current spatial location and service type, reducing erroneous handovers and band congestion.

[0054] In step S216 of some embodiments, after obtaining the availability score of each candidate operating frequency band in each spatial analysis unit, the identifier of the spatial analysis unit, the candidate operating frequency band, and the corresponding availability score are associated and stored in a structured form to form a spectrum availability view. The spectrum availability view describes the availability status of each spatial location within the target area on different candidate operating frequency bands. It is a multi-dimensional spectrum representation structure that includes spatial, frequency band, and availability score dimensions. For example, for a line segment composed of 5 spatial analysis units, 5 sets of correspondences can be formed in the spectrum availability view. Each set of relationships includes a list of candidate operating frequency bands and their availability scores. Through this view, each wireless communication terminal can directly find the current optimal operating frequency band based on its own spatial analysis unit during subsequent spectrum allocation, realizing coordinated spectrum selection and adaptive configuration within the region.

[0055] In some embodiments, step S102 may include, but is not limited to, steps S201 to S202: Step S201: Based on the operating status parameters, determine the candidate operating frequency bands and their corresponding availability scores through the spectrum availability view; Step S202: Compare the availability score with the corresponding preset availability threshold according to the wireless service type to determine the candidate operating frequency band as the target operating frequency band.

[0056] In steps S201 to S202 of some embodiments, the wireless service types are at least divided into protection services, control services, and monitoring services. Protection services require near real-time link availability and minimal interference risk; control services require moderate latency and must maintain link stability; monitoring services have relatively lower requirements for latency and reliability, focusing instead on frequency band utilization and energy balance. When performing frequency band selection, the wireless communication terminal first completes the classification process based on the service type, establishing preliminary constraints for subsequent frequency band selection.

[0057] For wireless communication terminals carrying protection and control services, candidate operating frequency bands with availability scores not lower than a first preset availability threshold and corresponding interference levels not higher than a first preset interference level are selected from the spectrum availability view as target operating frequency bands. The availability score characterizes the interference sensitivity and available idle time of the candidate operating frequency band in a specific spatial analysis unit, while the interference level is provided by the spectrum characteristic model to distinguish different interference intensities caused by corona discharge, converter valve harmonics, and switching operation pulses. In this embodiment, the candidate frequency band is required to simultaneously meet both of the above conditions during the selection process, so that protection and control services can be carried on a low-interference, high-stability frequency band.

[0058] For wireless communication terminals carrying monitoring services, candidate operating frequency bands with availability scores between a first preset availability threshold and a second preset availability threshold, and bandwidths not less than a first preset bandwidth threshold, are selected from the spectrum availability view as target operating frequency bands. The first preset availability threshold is used to distinguish between high-reliability frequency bands and medium-availability frequency bands, the second preset availability threshold is used to define the minimum receptive frequency band quality for monitoring services, and the first preset bandwidth threshold is used to ensure that the payload of monitoring service messages can be transmitted in a single transmission. Through the above selection strategy, monitoring services can operate under more relaxed frequency band conditions, thereby effectively avoiding competition between high-priority and low-priority services for limited high-availability frequency bands.

[0059] In some embodiments, step S103 may include, but is not limited to, steps S301 to S302: Step S301: Calculate the path loss of the transmission path between the wireless communication terminal and the target terminal based on the target operating frequency band to obtain the path loss. Step S302: Limit the transmit power to the minimum available value based on path loss.

[0060] In steps S301 to S302 of some embodiments, after determining the target operating frequency band, it is necessary to further calculate a suitable transmit power for the wireless communication terminal. Specifically, the path loss estimation result between the wireless communication terminal and the target peer or relay node limits the transmit power to the minimum usable value corresponding to the path loss, so as to output the minimum energy only under the premise of achieving link closure. This can reduce the reverse introduction of new narrowband or broadband interference by the wireless communication terminal due to excessive transmit power in the background of high voltage DC electric field strength, while reducing the power consumption burden of the terminal and improving the stability of overall spectrum utilization.

[0061] As an optional implementation, path loss is calculated based on the center frequency of the target operating frequency band, the distance between the wireless communication terminal and the target terminal, and corrections for the power transmission site environment. Let the center frequency of the target operating frequency band be... The distance between the wireless communication terminal and the target terminal is Then free space path loss for: ; In the formula, This represents the free space path loss, in dB. Indicates the center frequency of the target operating frequency band, in MHz; This indicates the distance between the wireless communication terminal and the target terminal, expressed in kilometers. If... If data is collected in units of m, then first... Divide by 1000 to convert to km and then enter into the formula.

[0062] Considering the presence of tower structure obstruction, conductor hardware reflection, substation building obstruction, and strong electromagnetic background noise at the transmission site, this embodiment introduces an environmental correction factor. The overall path loss is obtained. : ; in, Calculated from the on-site calibration message. Specifically, calibration messages are transmitted within the same spatial analysis unit and the same target operating frequency band, with the calibration transmit power known. Transmitter antenna gain Receiver antenna gain and received power The measured path loss for: ; Environmental correction for: ; In the formula, This represents the median value of the path loss residuals from multiple calibration messages within the same spatial analysis unit. Using the median value can reduce the impact of occasional spike interference or short-term obstruction on path loss estimation. The environmental correction amount comes from the field measurement residuals and does not require manually setting empirical weights.

[0063] After obtaining the comprehensive path loss Then, the transmit power is calculated according to the link closure condition. : ; In the formula, This represents the calculated transmit power of the wireless communication terminal. Indicates the target terminal's receiving sensitivity; This represents the link margin corresponding to the wireless service type; Indicates the gain of the transmitting antenna; Indicates the receiver antenna gain. Link margin for protecting services. Link margin exceeding monitoring services This is to ensure the reliability and low latency requirements of critical business operations. Finally, the equipment is configured according to its allowable power range. Amplitude limiting is applied: ; In the formula, This indicates the final transmission power used; Indicates the minimum allowable transmit power of the device; This indicates the maximum allowable transmit power of the device. Through the above path loss and transmit power calculations, this embodiment can automatically reduce the transmit power when the link loss is low, and provide necessary power compensation when the path is blocked or the distance increases. This avoids over-transmission at close range and insufficient link closure at long range caused by uniform power configuration, thereby improving the precision of power consumption control and link stability of the wireless terminal.

[0064] In step S104 of some embodiments, the transmission duty cycle is divided into multiple discrete levels, each level corresponding to the minimum reporting frequency and maximum allowable delay of the protection service, control service, and monitoring service, respectively. For example, the protection service is assigned to the high duty cycle level, the control service to the middle level, and the monitoring service to the low duty cycle level.

[0065] In step S105 of some embodiments, the target operating frequency band, transmit power, and transmit duty cycle selected for a certain wireless communication terminal are jointly established as the spectrum adaptive communication parameters of the wireless communication terminal, so that the wireless communication terminal can achieve autonomous frequency band selection, power-controlled transmission, and energy-saving duty cycle operation according to its own service type under complex electromagnetic background.

[0066] In some embodiments, the wireless communication terminal encapsulates monitoring data and control data into a unified message based on spectrum adaptive communication parameters, and performs multi-hop or direct transmission within the target operating frequency band with duty cycle, thereby realizing low-power wireless communication with service priority.

[0067] Specifically, in this embodiment, a service category identifier field, a priority identifier field, and a target operating frequency band identifier field are sequentially set in the message header. The service category identifier field indicates whether the message carries a protection service, a control service, or a monitoring service. The priority identifier field characterizes the urgency level within the same category. The target operating frequency band identifier field specifies the frequency band resources that the message intends to use. In the message payload, this embodiment selects the content to carry based on the value of the service category identifier field: when identified as a control or protection service, the message payload area carries only one control data entry to improve the simplicity and deterministic nature of the control command; when identified as a monitoring service, the message payload area can carry a set of monitoring data samples, such as time-series data from multiple sensor channels, thereby improving frequency band utilization efficiency.

[0068] In this embodiment, when parsing and managing queues of received unified messages on the wireless communication terminal side, the service category identifier field and priority identifier field in the message header are read first. The service category identifier field determines whether the message belongs to a control service or a monitoring service, and the priority identifier field determines the processing order of the message within the same type of service. To this end, this embodiment sets up at least two logical queues inside the wireless communication terminal: a control service fast processing queue and a monitoring service regular processing queue. Unified messages carrying control data are placed in the control service fast processing queue, and unified messages carrying monitoring data samples are placed in the monitoring service regular processing queue. When the terminal obtains a transmission opportunity on the target operating frequency band, it prioritizes retrieving messages from the control service fast processing queue for transmission, and only retrieves messages from the monitoring service regular processing queue when that queue is empty. Through the above method, this embodiment establishes a unified message format for the message structure containing the service category identifier field, priority identifier field, and target operating frequency band identifier field, enabling different services to share the same encapsulation and scheduling mechanisms at the physical layer and link layer, while simultaneously achieving logically differentiated processing.

[0069] In this embodiment, when selecting multi-hop or direct transmission paths, each wireless communication terminal jointly judges the path loss and availability score with the aggregation node or upper-level control unit based on the spectrum availability view and spectrum adaptive communication parameters. Specifically, each wireless communication terminal obtains the availability score of the target operating frequency band within its spatial analysis unit based on its own location and spectrum availability view, and obtains the estimated path loss with the aggregation node based on the path planning results. When the path loss does not exceed the first preset path loss threshold and the availability score of the corresponding target operating frequency band is not lower than the third preset availability threshold, this embodiment determines that a direct connection on the current target operating frequency band can meet the link quality requirements. At this time, the wireless communication terminal directly sends the unified message to the aggregation node or upper-level control unit without going through a relay node, thereby reducing latency and protocol overhead in scenarios involving service protection or control.

[0070] When the path loss between the wireless communication terminal and the aggregation node exceeds the first preset path loss threshold or the availability score of the target operating frequency band is lower than the third preset availability threshold, this embodiment no longer uses a direct connection path. Instead, it selects one or more wireless communication terminals with availability scores not lower than the fourth preset availability threshold from the surrounding wireless communication terminals based on the spectrum availability view, and constructs a multi-hop path. When constructing the path, relay nodes that simultaneously meet the requirements of low path loss and high availability score can be preferentially selected to reduce the transmit power requirement while ensuring controllable service latency. Once a direct connection path or a multi-hop path is selected on the target operating frequency band for different services, this embodiment uses this path as the routing basis for subsequent multi-hop or direct transmissions, enabling unified messages to be forwarded on the predetermined path according to service priority, achieving the coordination of service hierarchical priority and low-power transmission for high-voltage DC transmission equipment.

[0071] For example, to make frequency band selection and link determination operable, the first, second, third, and fourth preset availability thresholds are all set to quantifiable numerical ranges. The availability score ranges from 0 to 1, with a higher value indicating that the frequency band is more idle and has weaker interference within the current spatial analysis unit. In this embodiment, the first preset availability threshold can be set to 0.8 to screen high-availability frequency bands carrying protection and control services; the second preset availability threshold can be set to 0.5 to define the minimum acceptable level of idleness for monitoring services; the third preset availability threshold can be set to 0.7 to determine whether direct connection capability is available; and the fourth preset availability threshold can be set to 0.6 to define the minimum frequency band availability requirement when selecting relay nodes. All of the above values ​​can be adjusted based on typical converter station electromagnetic interference measurement results. For example, the first preset availability threshold can be appropriately increased when corona discharge dominates interference, while the second preset availability threshold can be appropriately decreased when harmonic interference dominates, to adapt to different DC operating conditions.

[0072] For the path loss determination threshold, this embodiment uses a path loss threshold in decibels to limit the signal, thereby reducing additional interference caused by excessive transmission power of the wireless communication terminal under high-voltage DC field strength. The typical range of path loss is 60 to 120 dB. In this embodiment, the first preset path loss threshold is set to 90 dB. When the path loss between the wireless communication terminal and the aggregation node does not exceed 90 dB, it is determined that it has direct connection capability. For the duty cycle, this embodiment divides the duty cycle into three levels to distinguish the minimum reporting frequency and maximum allowable delay of protection services, control services, and monitoring services. For example, the duty cycle can correspond to 0.3 for protection services, 0.15 for control services, and 0.05 for monitoring services, so that different services have differentiated transmission rhythms in the target operating frequency band. The above values ​​have been verified by radio frequency testing in a typical ±500 kV DC system and converter station near-field area, which can reduce the overall energy consumption of monitoring services by more than 30% while ensuring that the delay of protection services does not exceed 20 milliseconds.

[0073] In some embodiments, step S106 may include, but is not limited to, steps S161 to S163: Step S161: Obtain the success rate, packet loss ratio, and latency during the wireless communication process. Step S162: Calculate the communication quality based on the success rate, packet loss ratio, and latency. Step S163: If, within a preset time window, all calculated communication qualities are below a quality threshold, the spectrum availability view is updated.

[0074] In steps S161 to S163 of some embodiments, the wireless communication terminal continuously monitors the operating status parameters and service link quality. Only when the operating status parameters switch from one interference level to another, or when the link quality of a certain service link is measured multiple times within a preset time window and is below a quality threshold, is a new round of local spectrum monitoring and spectrum aggregation initiated. For example, the preset time window can be set to tens of seconds, and the quality threshold can be set to an evaluation value calculated based on a combination of successful transmission rate, packet loss ratio, and latency. Communication quality can also be calculated based on a combination of successful transmission rate, packet loss ratio, and latency. When the same link's multiple evaluation results (communication quality) within this time window are all below the quality threshold, it is considered that the current spectrum configuration is no longer sufficient to meet service requirements. At this time, this embodiment re-executes local spectrum monitoring, updates the local spectrum sensing data, and reconstructs the spectrum availability view accordingly, providing a new basis for subsequent iterative updates of spectrum adaptive communication parameters.

[0075] Specifically, communication quality is calculated based on successful transmission rate, packet loss rate, latency satisfaction, and signal-to-noise ratio satisfaction. This is set within a preset time window. The total number of messages sent internally is The number of successfully confirmed messages is The number of lost messages is Then the success rate of transmission and packet loss ratio They are respectively: ; ; In the formula, Greater than 0; Indicates the success rate of data transfer; This indicates the packet loss rate. Packets arriving after a timeout are not included in the count. And in accordance with business rules, the number of overdue messages will be counted.

[0076] Let the first The end-to-end latency of a successful acknowledgment message is The number of successfully confirmed messages is The maximum allowable latency corresponding to the business type is Then the average delay Degree of satisfaction with time delay They are respectively: ; ; In the formula, This represents the average end-to-end delay of successfully acknowledged messages within a preset time window. This indicates the degree to which the delay is satisfied. If If it equals 0, then directly set .

[0077] Let the real-time signal-to-noise ratio in the target operating frequency band be... The minimum signal-to-noise ratio corresponding to the business type is Then the signal-to-noise ratio satisfies the degree of for: ; In the formula, This indicates the degree to which the signal-to-noise ratio is satisfied. If Below ,but Less than 1; if Reaching or exceeding ,but Take 1. and Linear values ​​are used in the calculation; when the collected values ​​are in dB form, they are first converted to linear values ​​before being used in the calculation.

[0078] Communication quality Calculate according to the following formula: ; In the formula, This represents communication quality, with values ​​ranging from 0 to 1. The formula employs a product-based evaluation structure without artificial weights; communication quality is significantly compromised when any one of the following factors—successful transmission rate, packet loss rate, latency satisfaction, or signal-to-noise ratio satisfaction—deteriorates. All will decrease synchronously. This avoids judging the link status based solely on a single packet loss rate or a single instance of latency, improving the accuracy of link degradation identification.

[0079] When communication quality Below the quality threshold When this happens, the system does not immediately switch to the target operating frequency band, but instead performs continuous verification within a preset time window. Let the number of continuous evaluations be... If continuous The average satisfaction ,or If the number of times the signal falls below the quality threshold reaches a preset proportion during the evaluation, it is determined that the current target operating frequency band or the current transmit power can no longer meet the service requirements, triggering a spectrum availability view update and spectrum adaptive communication parameter recalculation. Through a continuous confirmation mechanism, short-term intermittent packet loss can be distinguished from persistent spectrum degradation, reducing unnecessary frequency band switching; when strong electromagnetic interference persists, new spectrum monitoring and parameter updates can be initiated promptly, thereby improving the stability of wireless communication at high-voltage direct current transmission sites.

[0080] In some embodiments, the spectrum-adaptive wireless communication method may further include steps S171 to S172: Step S171: If the difference between the new target operating frequency band and the original target operating frequency band is greater than the first change hysteresis threshold, then the operating frequency band of the wireless communication terminal is determined to be the new target operating frequency band. Step S172: If the difference between the new transmission power and the original transmission power is greater than the second change hysteresis threshold, then the operating power of the wireless communication terminal is determined to be the new transmission power.

[0081] In steps S171 to S172 of some embodiments, during the iterative update of spectrum adaptive communication parameters, to reduce network jitter caused by frequent switching between old and new configurations, change hysteresis thresholds (including a first change hysteresis threshold and a second change hysteresis threshold) are set for the target operating frequency band, transmit power, and duty cycle in the two sets of spectrum adaptive communication parameters. The change hysteresis threshold is used to limit the minimum effective change in parameter adjustment. Only when the difference between the old and new parameters exceeds the corresponding change hysteresis threshold will this embodiment switch the current configuration to a new set of spectrum adaptive communication parameters; if the difference is insufficient, the original configuration will continue to be used. For example, the target operating frequency band is only switched when it needs to cross another preset frequency band interval, the transmit power is only adjusted when it needs to increase or decrease by a certain value, and the duty cycle is only updated when crossing a predefined level. In this way, the spectrum adaptive process is made more stable, reducing the adverse effects on link quality and terminal power consumption caused by frequent reconfiguration due to small fluctuations.

[0082] In some embodiments, considering extreme interference or severe degradation scenarios, even after multiple iterations, it may still be impossible to find a target operating frequency band that meets the preset link quality threshold in the spectrum availability view. Therefore, this embodiment sets up an emergency operating mode. When a target operating frequency band meeting the requirements is still not found after multiple consecutive iterations, each wireless communication terminal immediately switches to a preset emergency operating frequency band and emergency duty cycle. The emergency operating frequency band is preferably a narrowband frequency band with the most controllable interference and lower bandwidth requirements within the regulatory allowable range. The emergency duty cycle is preferably a level that can meet the minimum reporting frequency requirements of protection services and critical control services. Simultaneously, monitoring services are rate-limited or suspended, enabling the sacrifice of some non-critical service bandwidth and latency indicators under extreme interference conditions to ensure the minimum communication capability of critical services.

[0083] In emergency operating mode, the emergency operating frequency band and emergency duty cycle are established as spectrum-adaptive communication parameters for special scenarios. This allows wireless communication terminals to communicate according to unified rules without having to perform complex spectrum calculations and path reconstruction again. Simultaneously, the system periodically performs low-frequency local spectrum monitoring in the background to detect whether the electromagnetic environment has gradually recovered to an acceptable level. Once a target operating frequency band meeting the preset link quality threshold is rediscovered in the spectrum availability view, and the switching conditions are met via a changing hysteresis threshold, the system can smoothly revert from emergency operating mode to normal spectrum-adaptive mode. Through this iterative update and emergency switching, the system achieves spectrum management capabilities that provide adaptive optimization under normal operating conditions and fallback protection under extreme operating conditions in the complex electromagnetic environment of high-voltage direct current transmission equipment.

[0084] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 A spectrum-adaptive wireless communication method for power transmission equipment includes the following steps: S1. Obtain the topology and operating status parameters of the high voltage DC transmission equipment, and combine the electromagnetic radiation characteristics under typical operating conditions to establish a spectrum feature model that divides the operating status into several interference levels and provides a set of corresponding candidate operating frequency bands. S2. Each wireless terminal at the high-voltage direct current transmission site conducts short-term listening to the wireless spectrum at its location according to an intermittent sampling strategy associated with the interference level, and obtains local spectrum sensing data. S3. Each wireless terminal reports its own spectrum sensing data by region or forwards it between adjacent terminals, and combines it with the spectrum feature model to form a spectrum availability view covering the target area. S4. Based on the spectrum availability view and operating status parameters, a distributed spectrum allocation strategy is adopted to determine the target operating frequency band, transmit power and duty cycle of the spectrum adaptive communication parameters for each wireless terminal. S5. Each wireless terminal encapsulates monitoring data and control data into a unified message based on spectrum adaptive communication parameters, and performs multi-hop or direct transmission within the target operating frequency band with duty cycle to achieve low-power wireless communication with service priority. S6. When a change in operating status parameters or a deterioration in link quality is detected, the local spectrum sensing data, spectrum availability view, and spectrum adaptive communication parameters are iteratively updated to maintain low-power spectrum adaptive wireless communication for high-voltage DC transmission equipment.

[0085] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 3 A spectrum-adaptive wireless communication system for power transmission equipment, comprising: The spectrum feature modeling unit is used to obtain the topology and operating status parameters of the high voltage DC transmission equipment, and, combined with the electromagnetic radiation characteristics under typical operating conditions, to establish a spectrum feature model that divides the operating status into several interference levels and provides a set of corresponding candidate operating frequency bands. The spectrum sensing and acquisition unit is used by each wireless terminal at the high voltage DC transmission site to conduct short-term listening to the wireless spectrum at its location according to an intermittent sampling strategy associated with the interference level, and obtain local spectrum sensing data. The regional spectrum view construction unit is used by each wireless terminal to report its own spectrum sensing data by region or forward it between adjacent terminals, and combine it with the spectrum feature model to form a spectrum availability view covering the target area. The distributed spectrum allocation unit is used to determine the target operating frequency band, transmit power, and duty cycle of each wireless terminal based on the spectrum availability view and operating status parameters, using a distributed spectrum allocation strategy. The low-power wireless transmission unit is used by each wireless terminal to encapsulate monitoring data and control data into a unified message based on spectrum adaptive communication parameters, and transmit it in multiple hops or directly within the target operating frequency band with duty cycle, so as to realize low-power wireless communication with service priority. The spectrum adaptive iterative update unit is used to trigger the iterative update of local spectrum sensing data, spectrum availability view and spectrum adaptive communication parameters when changes in operating status parameters or link quality degradation are detected, so as to maintain low-power spectrum adaptive wireless communication for high-voltage DC transmission equipment.

[0086] This application also provides a spectrum-adaptive wireless communication device for power transmission equipment, which can implement the above-described method. The device includes: The data acquisition module is used to collect operating status parameters of power transmission equipment; The frequency band adaptation module is used to determine the target operating frequency band of the wireless communication terminal based on the operating status parameters and the wireless service type of the corresponding wireless communication terminal through the spectrum availability view. The power adaptation module is used to calculate the power based on the target operating frequency band and the transmission path between the wireless communication terminal and the target terminal, so as to obtain the transmit power of the wireless communication terminal. Duty cycle adaptation module, used to determine the transmission duty cycle according to the wireless service type; The communication module is used for wireless communication based on the target operating frequency band, transmit power, and transmit duty cycle. The update module is used to update the spectrum availability view when the communication quality of the wireless communication process is lower than the quality threshold, so as to redetermine the new target operating frequency band and transmit power.

[0087] It is understood that the content of the above method embodiments is applicable to the present device embodiments. The specific functions implemented by the present device embodiments are the same as those of the above method embodiments, and the beneficial effects achieved are also the same as those achieved by the above method embodiments.

[0088] This application also provides an electronic device, which includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the above-described method. This electronic device can include any smart terminal such as a tablet computer or an in-vehicle computer.

[0089] It is understood that the content of the above method embodiments is applicable to this device embodiment. The specific functions implemented by this device embodiment are the same as those of the above method embodiments, and the beneficial effects achieved are also the same as those achieved by the above method embodiments.

[0090] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 4 The hardware structure of an electronic device according to another embodiment is illustrated. The electronic device includes: The processor 901 can be implemented using a general-purpose CPU (Central Processing Unit), microprocessor, application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits, and is used to execute relevant programs to implement the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application. The memory 902 can be implemented as a read-only memory (ROM), static storage device, dynamic storage device, or random access memory (RAM). The memory 902 can store the operating system and other application programs. When the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this specification are implemented through software or firmware, the relevant program code is stored in the memory 902 and is called and executed by the processor 901 using the methods described in the embodiments of this application. The 903 input / output interface is used to implement information input and output. The communication interface 904 is used to enable communication and interaction between this device and other devices. Communication can be achieved through wired means (such as USB, Ethernet cable, etc.) or wireless means (such as mobile network, WIFI, Bluetooth, etc.). Bus 905 transmits information between various components of the device (e.g., processor 901, memory 902, input / output interface 903, and communication interface 904); The processor 901, memory 902, input / output interface 903, and communication interface 904 are connected to each other within the device via bus 905.

[0091] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method.

[0092] It is understood that the content of the above method embodiments is applicable to this storage medium embodiment. The specific functions implemented in this storage medium embodiment are the same as those in the above method embodiments, and the beneficial effects achieved are also the same as those achieved in the above method embodiments.

[0093] This application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method.

[0094] It is understood that the content of the above method embodiments is applicable to the embodiments of this program product. The specific functions implemented by the embodiments of this program product are the same as those of the above method embodiments, and the beneficial effects achieved are also the same as those achieved by the above method embodiments.

[0095] Memory, as a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, can be used to store non-transitory software programs and non-transitory computer-executable programs. Furthermore, memory may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-transitory memory, such as at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-transitory solid-state storage device. In some embodiments, memory may optionally include memory remotely located relative to the processor, and these remote memories can be connected to the processor via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.

[0096] The spectrum-adaptive wireless communication method, apparatus, electronic device, storage medium, and program product for power transmission equipment provided in this application have at least the following beneficial effects: This application embodiment adaptively determines the target operating frequency band, transmit power, and transmit duty cycle of the wireless communication terminal by collecting the operating status parameters of the power transmission equipment and combining them with wireless service type, spectrum availability view, path loss calculation results, and communication quality evaluation results. This achieves coordinated processing of frequency band selection, power control, service scheduling, and link updates. Compared with wireless communication methods with fixed frequency bands and uniform power configurations, this application embodiment can dynamically adjust communication parameters according to changes in the electromagnetic environment and operating conditions of the power transmission equipment, reducing retransmissions and link interruptions in strong interference frequency bands, improving the stability and reliability of wireless communication, and reducing the long-term operating power consumption of the wireless communication terminal.

[0097] By introducing a spectral characteristic model based on on-site power spectrum statistics, this application embodiment can establish a calculable correspondence between changes in operating states such as DC power flow, valve-side trigger angle, switch operation status, and enhanced corona discharge and the affected frequency segments. This eliminates the reliance on fixed frequency band planning or single-segment spectrum monitoring results for determining candidate operating frequency bands. When the operating state of transmission equipment changes, the spectral characteristic model can identify sub-frequency bands affected by converter valve harmonics, switch operation pulses, strong electromagnetic background noise, or persistently occupied signals, and form a set of candidate operating frequency bands from continuous frequency segments that have not been significantly affected and meet regulatory requirements and minimum bandwidth requirements. Therefore, this application embodiment can reduce the probability of protection and control services falling into strong interference frequency bands from the source, improving the accuracy and adaptability of target operating frequency band selection.

[0098] By employing an availability score comprised of normalized interference intensity, occupancy ratio, and spike interference suppression factor, this application embodiment can simultaneously reflect the impact of background noise rise, sustained frequency band occupancy, and transient spike interference on the wireless link. Compared to methods that determine frequency band availability solely based on energy thresholds, this application embodiment can continuously rank multiple candidate operating frequency bands and apply different frequency band scoring criteria for protection services, control services, and monitoring services. Protection and control services prioritize frequency bands with the lowest local interference, while monitoring services can utilize frequency bands with better average availability. This reduces the likelihood of high-priority and low-priority services competing for the same highly available frequency band, improving the rationality of spectrum resource allocation.

[0099] By combining free-space path loss and on-site calibration residuals to calculate the comprehensive path loss, this embodiment of the application can incorporate the effects of tower structure obstruction, conductor hardware reflection, station building obstruction, and strong electromagnetic background on the wireless link into the transmit power calculation. Compared to a uniform transmit power configuration, this application can reduce unnecessary transmit power in low-loss links and provide necessary link margin in high-loss links, avoiding excessive transmission in short-range links that leads to increased terminal power consumption and additional electromagnetic interference, and also reducing retransmissions and communication failures due to insufficient power in long-range or obstructed links. Therefore, this embodiment improves the precision of transmit power control, enabling wireless communication terminals to operate with lower power consumption while ensuring link closure.

[0100] By employing a combination of successful transmission rate, packet loss ratio, latency satisfaction, and signal-to-noise ratio satisfaction to form a communication quality evaluation result, this embodiment can continuously quantify and judge link quality. Compared to methods that only rely on packet loss rate, retransmission count, or single latency anomaly to trigger adjustments, this embodiment can simultaneously reflect the reliability, real-time performance, and channel margin of the wireless link, and distinguish between short-term, occasional disturbances and persistent spectrum degradation through a continuous acknowledgment mechanism. This processing provides a clear triggering basis for spectrum availability view updates and spectrum adaptive communication parameter recalculation, avoiding frequent handovers caused by a single abnormal packet, and enabling timely adjustment of the target operating frequency band and transmit power when strong electromagnetic interference persists.

[0101] By incorporating wireless service types into the frequency band selection, power calculation, and duty cycle determination processes, this embodiment enables differentiated communication guarantees for protection, control, and monitoring services. Protection and control services are prioritized for communication resources with lower interference, higher link margins, and more controllable latency, while monitoring services can utilize moderately available frequency bands and lower duty cycles to complete data reporting while meeting basic transmission requirements. Thus, this embodiment improves the communication reliability of critical services and enhances the utilization of remaining spectrum resources by non-critical services without significantly increasing communication resource consumption.

[0102] By triggering a spectrum availability view update when the link quality falls below a quality threshold, and combining this with a changing hysteresis threshold to confirm the switching to a new target operating frequency band and a new transmit power, this embodiment can achieve stable adaptive spectrum updates in the complex electromagnetic environment of power transmission equipment. Compared to methods that rely solely on retransmission, fixed code rate adjustment, or immediate frequency band switching after link degradation, this embodiment can perform conditional updates based on actual spectrum sensing results and communication quality evaluation results, reducing network jitter caused by frequent reconfigurations and maintaining the continuity and robustness of wireless communication links during sudden electromagnetic environment changes, operational state transitions, or increased local interference.

[0103] In summary, this embodiment, through the collaborative design of spectrum characteristic models, spectrum availability scoring, path loss calculation, transmit power limiting, communication quality evaluation, and iterative update mechanisms, ensures that the selection of target operating frequency bands, determination of transmit power, and updating of spectrum views all have a calculable basis. This scheme can reduce retransmission overhead in fixed-frequency band communication, lower energy consumption for long-term online operation of wireless terminals, improve link reliability for protection and control services, and enhance the monitoring service's ability to utilize remaining spectrum resources in scenarios with strong electromagnetic backgrounds and frequently changing operating states of power transmission equipment.

[0104] The embodiments described in this application are for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application. As those skilled in the art will know, with the evolution of technology and the emergence of new application scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0105] Those skilled in the art will understand that the technical solutions shown in the figures do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of this application, and may include more or fewer steps than shown, or combine certain steps, or different steps.

[0106] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0107] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or some of the steps in the methods disclosed above, as well as the functional modules / units in the systems and devices, can be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, or suitable combinations thereof.

[0108] The terms “first,” “second,” “third,” “fourth,” etc. (if present) in the specification and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms “comprising” and “having,” and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0109] It should be understood that in this application, "at least one (item)" means one or more, and "more than" means two or more. "And / or" is used to describe the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent three cases: only A exists, only B exists, and both A and B exist simultaneously, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one (item) of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one (item) of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0110] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of the units described above is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0111] The units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0112] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0113] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes multiple instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing programs, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0114] The preferred embodiments of the present application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but this does not limit the scope of the claims of the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and substance of the embodiments of the present application shall be within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A spectrum-adaptive wireless communication method for power transmission equipment, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: Collect operating status parameters of power transmission equipment; Based on the operating status parameters and the corresponding wireless service type of the wireless communication terminal, the target operating frequency band of the wireless communication terminal is determined through the spectrum availability view; The transmit power of the wireless communication terminal is obtained by calculating the power based on the target operating frequency band and the transmission path between the wireless communication terminal and the target terminal. Determine the transmission duty cycle based on the wireless service type; Wireless communication is performed based on the target operating frequency band, the transmission power, and the transmission duty cycle. If the communication quality of the wireless communication process is lower than the quality threshold, the spectrum availability view is updated to redetermine the new target operating frequency band and the transmit power; The spectrum availability view is obtained through the following steps: Obtain the spatial locations of several of the wireless communication terminals; Based on the operating status parameters, the communication frequency range of the wireless communication terminal is determined through a preset spectrum characteristic model; Listen to each sub-band of the communication frequency range to obtain local spectrum sensing data; The wireless communication terminal is spatially divided according to its spatial location to obtain a spatial analysis unit; Availability scores are obtained by performing availability scores on each sub-band of the local spectrum sensing data belonging to the same spatial analysis unit. The spectrum availability view is formed based on the identifier of each spatial analysis unit and the availability score of each sub-band in the spatial analysis unit; The step of determining the target operating frequency band of the wireless communication terminal through a spectrum availability view based on the operating status parameters and the corresponding wireless service type of the wireless communication terminal includes: Based on the operating status parameters, candidate operating frequency bands and corresponding availability scores are determined through the spectrum availability view; The availability score is compared with the corresponding preset availability threshold according to the wireless service type to determine the candidate operating frequency band as the target operating frequency band. The transmission duty cycle is divided into multiple discrete levels, each level corresponding to the minimum reporting frequency and maximum allowable delay for protection services, control services, and monitoring services, respectively.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spectral feature model is obtained through the following steps: Acquire electromagnetic radiation characteristics and corresponding interference alarms under different operating state parameters; Based on the electromagnetic radiation characteristics and the interference alarm status, an interference spectrum distribution record is obtained by performing an interference analysis on the operating status parameters. The frequency segments of the interference spectrum distribution record are filtered to obtain the spectrum feature model.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of listening to each sub-band of the communication frequency range to obtain local spectrum sensing data includes: Multiple energy spectrum distribution measurements were performed on the sub-frequency band to obtain power spectrum samples; Feature extraction is performed on the power spectrum samples to obtain the statistical features of each sub-frequency band; The statistical characteristics of each sub-frequency band are aggregated to obtain the local spectrum sensing data.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of calculating the transmit power of the wireless communication terminal based on the target operating frequency band and the transmission path between the wireless communication terminal and the target terminal includes: The path loss is calculated based on the target operating frequency band for the transmission path between the wireless communication terminal and the target terminal to obtain the path loss. The transmit power is limited to a minimum usable value based on the path loss.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of updating the spectrum availability view when the communication quality of the wireless communication process is lower than a quality threshold includes: Obtain the combined success rate, packet loss rate, and latency during wireless communication. The communication quality is obtained by calculating the overall quality based on the successful transmission rate, packet loss ratio, and latency. If, within a preset time window, all calculated communication qualities are below the quality threshold, the spectrum availability view is updated.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: If the difference between the new target operating frequency band and the original target operating frequency band is greater than a first change hysteresis threshold, then the operating frequency band of the wireless communication terminal is determined to be the new target operating frequency band. If the difference between the new transmission power and the original transmission power is greater than the second change hysteresis threshold, then the operating power of the wireless communication terminal is determined to be the new transmission power.

7. A spectrum-adaptive wireless communication device for power transmission equipment, characterized in that, The device includes: The data acquisition module is used to collect operating status parameters of power transmission equipment; The frequency band adaptation module is used to determine the target operating frequency band of the wireless communication terminal based on the operating status parameters and the corresponding wireless service type of the wireless communication terminal through a spectrum availability view. A power adaptation module is used to perform power calculation based on the target operating frequency band and the transmission path between the wireless communication terminal and the target terminal to obtain the transmit power of the wireless communication terminal. A duty cycle adaptation module is used to determine the transmission duty cycle according to the wireless service type. The communication module is used for wireless communication based on the target operating frequency band, the transmission power, and the transmission duty cycle; An update module is used to update the spectrum availability view if the communication quality of the wireless communication process is lower than a quality threshold, so as to redetermine the new target operating frequency band and the transmit power; The transmission duty cycle is divided into multiple discrete levels, each level corresponding to the minimum reporting frequency and maximum allowable delay of the protection service, control service, and monitoring service, respectively. The spectrum availability view is obtained through the following steps: Obtain the spatial locations of several of the wireless communication terminals; Based on the operating status parameters, the communication frequency range of the wireless communication terminal is determined through a preset spectrum characteristic model; Listen to each sub-band of the communication frequency range to obtain local spectrum sensing data; The wireless communication terminal is spatially divided according to its spatial location to obtain a spatial analysis unit; Availability scores are obtained by performing availability scores on each sub-band of the local spectrum sensing data belonging to the same spatial analysis unit. The spectrum availability view is formed based on the identifier of each spatial analysis unit and the availability score of each sub-band in the spatial analysis unit; The frequency band adaptation module is specifically used for: Based on the operating status parameters, candidate operating frequency bands and corresponding availability scores are determined through the spectrum availability view; The availability score is compared with the corresponding preset availability threshold according to the wireless service type to determine the candidate operating frequency band as the target operating frequency band. The transmission duty cycle is divided into multiple discrete levels, each level corresponding to the minimum reporting frequency and maximum allowable delay for protection services, control services, and monitoring services, respectively.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: At least one processor; At least one memory for storing at least one program; When the at least one program is executed by the at least one processor, the at least one processor implements the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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