Endurance test device for automobile ball stud assembly

Abstract

The utility model discloses an endurance test device for an automobile ball stud assembly. The device comprises a fixed base, a rotating mechanism, a swing mechanism, an axial loading mechanism and a radial loading mechanism, the rotating mechanism is installed on the fixed base, and the swing mechanism is installed on the rotating mechanism and used for installing and fixing a ball pin base; the axial loading mechanism and the radial loading mechanism are independently installed and apply cyclic load to the ball pin assembly. The automobile ball stud assembly durability testing device reliably and efficiently realizes durability testing of the automobile ball stud assembly, and is high in structural universality, low in processing cost and wide in application range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of durability test of automobile ball stud assembly, and in particular relates to a durability test device of automobile ball stud assembly. Background Art

[0002] The ball pin assembly is a key component of the suspension, usually connecting the control arm and the steering knuckle. It is used to achieve the degree of freedom required for wheel bounce and steering, and at the same time transmit various forces and torques from the road. The ball pin assembly generally has defects such as easy wear, easy looseness, and easy loss of torque, which may cause the vehicle to deviate, slip, and shimmy at the least, or cause the vehicle to fail to operate, leading to serious traffic accidents, casualties, and property losses. Therefore, the reliability of the ball pin assembly durability test determines the assessment of the ball pin assembly product quality, thereby providing a sufficient basis for product design and improvement.

[0003] The ball pin assembly is mainly composed of a ball pin, a ball pin seat, an end cover and a dust cover; the ball pin will swing and rotate relative to the ball seat when the car starts, turns, bumps, brakes, etc., and is simultaneously subjected to the force and torque of the connected parts, and is in a cyclic motion and stress state for a long time. At present, there is no durability testing device for automobile ball pin assemblies that can achieve swing and rotation drive, axial and radial loading, pressure and temperature monitoring functions. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to solve the shortcomings of the above-mentioned background technology and to provide a vehicle ball pin assembly durability test device which can swing and rotate the ball pin relative to the ball pin seat under actual vehicle installation conditions and apply certain axial and radial cyclic loads to the ball pin assembly.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a durability test device for an automobile ball stud assembly, comprising a fixed base, a rotating mechanism, a swinging mechanism, an axial loading mechanism, and a radial loading mechanism. The rotating mechanism is installed on the fixed base, and the swinging mechanism is installed on the rotating mechanism for installing a fixed ball stud seat; the axial loading mechanism and the radial loading mechanism are independently installed and apply cyclic loads to the ball stud assembly.

[0006] In a further preferred structure, the fixed base includes a fixed bottom plate and a rotary drive motor mounting bracket, and the rotary drive motor mounting bracket is fixed to the fixed bottom plate for mounting the rotary drive motor.

[0007] A further preferred structure is that the rotating mechanism includes a rotating drive motor, a rotating drive gear, a rotating external gear support bearing, a rotating table, a swing support bearing mounting bracket and a swing drive mounting bracket, the rotating drive motor is axially perpendicular to the fixed base plate, the output end of the rotating drive motor is connected to the rotating drive gear, the rotating drive gear cooperates with the outer ring of the rotating external gear support bearing, the inner ring of the rotating external gear support bearing is a fixed ring and is fixed on the fixed base plate, the outer ring of the rotating external gear support bearing is fixed to the rotating table, and the swing support bearing mounting bracket and the swing drive mounting bracket are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rotating table.

[0008] The rotating mechanism is driven by a servo motor installed on a fixed base, and the motor torque is transmitted through gear transmission. It can adjust the transmission ratio to achieve speed regulation and reduce the circumferential distance to save space. It has the characteristics of high precision, high efficiency, reliability and stability.

[0009] A further preferred structure is that the swing mechanism includes a swing drive motor, a swing drive gear, a swing external gear support bearing, a swing drive arm, a swing table, a ball pin seat clamp, a swing driven arm and a swing support bearing, wherein the swing drive motor is mounted on a swing drive mounting bracket and is used to drive the relative rotation of the ball pin and the ball pin seat; the swing drive gear is connected to the output shaft of the swing drive motor and transmits the torque to the swing external gear support bearing through gear meshing; the inner ring of the swing external gear support bearing is a fixed ring and is fixed to the swing drive mounting bracket; the outer ring of the swing external gear support bearing is a return ring with a gear. The swing drive gear is installed on the outer ring of the swing external gear support bearing and is driven by the swing drive gear to swing in a circle; the swing driven arm and the swing drive arm are symmetrically arranged on the swing table, a ball pin seat clamp is installed on the swing table, the ball pin seat clamp is used to fix the ball pin seat to ensure that the ball center of the ball pin assembly coincides with the swing axis and the rotation axis, the swing driven arm is connected to the outer ring of the swing support bearing, the inner ring of the swing support bearing is installed on the swing support bearing mounting bracket, the swing support bearing is coaxial with the swing external gear support bearing and are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the swing table.

[0010] The swing mechanism is driven by a servo motor, which drives the swing table to swing through the swing arm; the swing drive motor (servo motor) is installed on one side of the swing drive arm, and drives the swing external gear support bearing to rotate through the swing drive gear transmission, which can not only adjust the transmission ratio to achieve speed regulation, but also reduce the circumferential distance to save space; the support bearing installed on the opposite swing arm reduces the swing friction, reduces the resistance, and moves smoothly. Compared with ordinary bearings, the support bearings on both sides can withstand greater radial loads, support the larger radial force required by the test, and improve the stability of the system.

[0011] A further preferred structure is that the axial loading mechanism includes an axial column, a cylinder mounting bracket, an axial loading cylinder, a cylinder adapter, an axial pressure sensor and an axial loading head, the cylinder mounting bracket is installed on the axial column, the axial loading cylinder is installed on the cylinder mounting bracket, and the cylinder axis is in a vertical direction, for realizing axial load; the axial loading cylinder is connected to the axial pressure sensor through the cylinder adapter, and the axial pressure sensor is connected to the axial loading head; the axial loading head is a U-shaped structure with overhead holes on both sides, connected to the ball pin assembly through a pin.

[0012] In a further preferred structure, the radial loading mechanism comprises a radial column, a hydraulic cylinder mounting plate, a radial loading hydraulic cylinder and a radial loading head, wherein the hydraulic cylinder mounting plate is mounted on the radial column, and the radial loading hydraulic cylinder is mounted on the hydraulic cylinder mounting plate to realize radial load; the radial loading hydraulic cylinder is connected to the radial loading head, and the radial loading head is used to be sleeved on the outer ring of the ball stud assembly and apply the force of the hydraulic cylinder to the rotation center of the ball stud assembly.

[0013] The loading mechanism is divided into an axial loading mechanism and a radial loading mechanism, which are driven by a pneumatic cylinder and a hydraulic cylinder respectively. They can realize axial and radial loading of different sizes and frequencies, and can be controlled and adjusted respectively.

[0014] The driving component is connected to the loading head through a pressure sensor to apply a cyclic load to the center of the ball pin assembly. The loading head and the ball pin assembly are connected through bearings and pins to provide the rotational freedom generated by the loading displacement, reduce the friction coefficient during the loading process, and improve the rotation accuracy.

[0015] Ball pin assemblies of various structures can be adapted by modifying the ball pin seat fixture and the loading head; different rotation and swing motion characteristics can be achieved by adjusting the servo motor and gear parameters; different axial and radial loading characteristics can be achieved by adjusting the control parameters of the hydraulic cylinder and linear cylinder.

[0016] A further preferred structure also includes a positioning plate, which includes a loading mechanism positioning plate and a moving mechanism positioning plate. The loading mechanism positioning plate is fixed on the swinging table for connecting with the radial loading head. The loading mechanism positioning plate is used to connect the swinging mechanism and the radial loading mechanism to ensure that the radial and axial loading directions pass through the center of the ball pin assembly and are loaded in the horizontal and vertical directions respectively; one end of the moving mechanism positioning plate is fixed to the swinging table, and the other end is fixed to the rotating table. The moving mechanism positioning plate is used to connect the rotating mechanism and the swinging mechanism to ensure that the initial motion state is in the middle position between the swinging and the rotation, that is, the swing angle and the rotation angle are both 0°.

[0017] The utility model can realize the swing and rotation of the ball stud assembly at the same time, and can adjust the swing and rotation angles and frequencies respectively, and is suitable for various test requirements. It can reliably and efficiently realize the durability test of the automobile ball stud assembly, and has high structural versatility, low processing cost, and a wide range of applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the durability test of the automobile ball pin assembly;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the motion structure of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the loading structure of the utility model.

[0022] In the figure, 1-fixed base (1-1-fixed base plate; 1-2-rotation drive motor mounting bracket); 2-positioning plate (2-1-loading mechanism positioning plate; 2-2-motion mechanism positioning plate); 3-rotation mechanism (3-1-rotation drive motor; 3-2-rotation drive gear; 3-3-rotation external gear support bearing; 3-4-rotation table; 3-5-swing support bearing mounting bracket; 3-6-swing drive mounting bracket); 4-swing mechanism (4-1-swing drive motor; 4-2-swing drive gear; 4-3-swing external gear support bearing); Gear support bearing; 4-4-swing drive arm; 4-5-swing table; 4-6-ball head pin seat fixture; 4-7-swing driven arm; 4-8-swing support bearing); 5-axial loading mechanism (5-1-axial column; 5-2-cylinder mounting bracket; 5-3-axial loading cylinder; 5-4-cylinder adapter; 5-5-axial pressure sensor; 5-6-axial loading head); 6-radial loading mechanism (6-1-radial column; 6-2-hydraulic cylinder mounting plate; 6-3-radial loading hydraulic cylinder; 6-4-radial loading head). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments to facilitate a clear understanding of the present invention, but they do not constitute a limitation on the present invention.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the ball pin assembly is mainly composed of a ball pin, a ball pin seat, an end cover and a dust cover; the ball pin is divided into three sections, the head is a spherical kingpin, the middle is a tapered mounting surface, and the end is a fastening thread fixed to the control arm; a spherical groove is opened inside the ball pin seat, and the spherical kingpin can be rotatably matched with the spherical groove; the test requirements are as follows Figure 1As shown, the test swing angle is ±30°, the frequency is 1~3Hz; the test rotation angle is ±40°, the frequency is 0.5~1Hz; the radial load is ±3.5KN, the frequency is 0.5~1Hz, and the rectangular wave; the axial load is ±1KN, the frequency is 0.5~1Hz, and the rectangular wave; the test number of swings is 1 million times; after the endurance test, the dust cover is required to have no cracks or damage, the ball pin assembly has no abnormal wear and looseness, the axial load is ±3KN, the total displacement is ≤0.6mm, the radial load is ±5KN, the total displacement is ≤0.6mm, and the stable swing torque of the ball pin assembly is not more than 50% attenuated compared with the initial value.

[0025] like Figure 2 As shown, the utility model includes a fixed base 1, a rotating mechanism 3, a swinging mechanism 4, an axial loading mechanism 5, and a radial loading mechanism 6. The rotating mechanism 3 is installed on the fixed base 1, and the swinging mechanism 4 is installed on the rotating mechanism 3 for installing a fixed ball pin seat; the axial loading mechanism 5 and the radial loading mechanism 6 are independently installed and apply cyclic loads to the ball pin assembly.

[0026] The outermost structure is a fixed base 1, which is used to fix the device and install a servo motor; the second layer is a rotating mechanism 3, which is installed on the fixed base 1 and driven by a servo motor to achieve a rotation function with a certain frequency and angle; it also includes a positioning plate 2, which is used to determine the initial relative positions of the rotating mechanism 3, the swinging mechanism 4, the axial loading mechanism 5, and the radial loading mechanism 6; the third layer is a swinging mechanism 4, which is installed on the rotating mechanism 3 and driven by a servo motor to achieve a rotation function with a certain frequency and angle, and is used to install a fixed ball pin seat; the axial loading mechanism 5 and the radial loading mechanism 6 are installed independently and apply cyclic loads to the ball pin assembly; the fixed base 1, the rotating mechanism 3, the swinging mechanism 4, the axial loading mechanism 5, and the radial loading mechanism 6 determine the initial relative positions through the positioning plate 2, and after adjusting to the initial position, the positioning plate 2 is removed and the test is started again.

[0027] like Figure 3 As shown, the fixed frame 1 consists of a fixed base plate 1-1 and a rotating drive motor mounting bracket 1-2, wherein the fixed base plate 1-1 is installed on a cast iron platform, and the rotating drive motor mounting bracket 1-2 is provided with a servo motor mounting hole, and the motor axis is perpendicular to the fixed base plate 1-1.

[0028] like Figure 3As shown, the positioning plate 2 includes a loading mechanism positioning plate 2-1 and a moving mechanism positioning plate 2-2. The loading mechanism positioning plate 2-1 is used to connect the swing mechanism 4 and the radial loading mechanism 6. The loading mechanism positioning plate 2-1 is fixed on the swing table 4-5 and is used to connect with the radial loading head 6-4 to ensure that the radial and axial loading directions pass through the center of the ball stud assembly and are loaded in the horizontal and vertical directions respectively; one end of the moving mechanism positioning plate 2-2 is fixed to the swing table 4-5, and the other end is fixed to the rotating table 3-4. The moving mechanism positioning plate 2-2 is used to connect the rotating mechanism 3 and the swing mechanism 4 to ensure that the initial motion state is in the middle position between the swing and the rotation, that is, the swing angle and the rotation angle are both 0°.

[0029] like Figure 3 As shown, the rotary drive motor 3-1 is mounted on the rotary drive motor mounting bracket 1-2 by bolts, and the output shaft of the rotary drive motor 3-1 is perpendicular to the fixed base plate 1-1. The rotating driving gear 3-2 is connected to the output shaft of the rotating driving motor 3-1 through a flat key and bolts, and the torque is transmitted to the rotating external gear support bearing 3-3 through gear meshing; the inner ring of the rotating external gear support bearing 3-3 is a fixed ring, and is fixed to the fixed base plate 1-1 by bolts; the outer ring of the rotating external gear support bearing 3-3 is a rotating ring with a gear, and is driven to rotate by the rotating driving gear 3-2; the rotating table 3-4 is fixed to the outer ring of the rotating external gear support bearing 3-3 by bolts, and is driven to rotate thereby; the swing supporting bearing mounting bracket 3-5 and the swing driving mounting bracket 3-6 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rotating table 3-4; the swing supporting bearing mounting bracket 3-5 is used to install the inner ring of the swing supporting bearing 4-8, and the swing driving mounting bracket 3-6 is used to install the inner ring of the swing external gear support bearing 4-3 and the swing driving motor 4-1; the swing supporting bearing mounting bracket 3-5 can fine-tune the distance with the swing driving mounting bracket 3-6 through the bottom plate slot to correct the processing deformation and wear.

[0030] like Figure 3As shown, the swing drive motor 4-1 is installed on the swing drive mounting bracket 3-6 by bolts, and is used to drive the relative rotation of the ball pin and the ball pin seat; the swing drive gear 4-2 is connected to the output shaft of the swing drive motor 4-1 by a flat key and bolts, and transmits the torque to the swing external gear support bearing 4-3 through gear meshing; the inner ring of the swing external gear support bearing 4-3 is a fixed ring, and is fixed to the swing drive mounting bracket 3-6 by bolts; the outer ring of the swing external gear support bearing 4-3 is a rotating ring with a gear, and is driven to rotate by the swing drive gear 4-2; the swing drive arm 4-4 is installed on the swing external gear support bearing 4-3 The swing driven arm 4-7 and the swing driving arm 4-4 are symmetrically arranged on the swing table 4-5, and the swing table 4-5 is provided with a screw hole for installing the ball pin seat fixture 4-6; the ball pin seat fixture 4-6 is used to fix the ball pin seat to ensure that the ball center of the ball pin assembly coincides with the swing axis and the rotation axis. The ball pin seat fixture 4-6 can be modified in size according to different samples and is suitable for various models of ball pin assemblies; the swing driven arm 4-7 is connected to the outer ring of the swing support bearing 4-8, and the swing support bearing 4-8 is coaxial with the swing external gear support bearing 4-3 and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the swing table 4-5.

[0031] like Figure 4 As shown, the axial column 5-1 and the radial column 6-1 are fixed on the cast iron platform, which are used to install the cylinder mounting bracket 5-2 and the hydraulic cylinder mounting plate 6-2; the axial loading cylinder 5-3 is installed on the cylinder mounting bracket 5-2, and the cylinder axis is in the vertical direction, which is used to realize the axial load; the axial loading cylinder 5-3 is connected to the axial pressure sensor 5-5 through the cylinder adapter 5-4, and the axial pressure sensor 5-5 is connected to the axial loading head 5-6; the axial loading head 5-6 is a U-shaped structure with overhead holes on both sides, which is connected to the ball pin assembly through a pin.

[0032] like Figure 4 As shown, the radial loading hydraulic cylinder 6-3 is installed on the hydraulic cylinder mounting plate 6-2 to realize radial load; the radial loading hydraulic cylinder 6-3 is connected to the radial loading head 6-4, and the force of the hydraulic cylinder is applied to the rotation center of the ball pin assembly, and the radial loading head 6-4 is sleeved on the outer ring of the ball pin assembly. The radial loading hydraulic cylinder 6-3 applies radial load to the center of the ball pin assembly; the axial loading cylinder 5-3 applies axial load to the center of the ball pin assembly.

[0033] The monitoring system converts and processes the signals collected by the axial pressure sensor 5-5, the hydraulic cylinder pressure sensor and the temperature sensor attached to the surface of the ball pin assembly and the ball pin seat, analyzes and calculates the control parameters, adjusts the output characteristics of each actuator, and effectively and accurately simulates the actual vehicle working conditions to achieve axial and radial cyclic loading.

[0034] The contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to professional and technical personnel in this field.

Claims

1. A durability test device for a ball stud assembly of an automobile, characterized in that: The invention comprises a fixed base (1), a rotating mechanism (3), a swinging mechanism (4), an axial loading mechanism (5), and a radial loading mechanism (6); the rotating mechanism (3) is mounted on the fixed base (1); the swinging mechanism (4) is mounted on the rotating mechanism (3) and is used to mount a fixed ball pin seat; the axial loading mechanism (5) and the radial loading mechanism (6) are independently mounted and apply a cyclic load to the ball pin assembly.

2. The vehicle ball stud assembly durability test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed base (1) comprises a fixed base plate (1-1) and a rotary drive motor mounting bracket (1-2); the rotary drive motor mounting bracket (1-2) is fixed on the fixed base plate (1-1) and is used for mounting the rotary drive motor (3-1).

3. The vehicle ball stud assembly durability test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotating mechanism (3) comprises a rotating drive motor (3-1), a rotating drive gear (3-2), a rotating external gear support bearing (3-3), a rotating table (3-4), a swing support bearing mounting bracket (3-5) and a swing drive mounting bracket (3-6); the rotating drive motor (3-1) is axially perpendicular to the fixed base plate (1-1); the output end of the rotating drive motor (3-1) is connected to the rotating drive gear (3-2); the rotating drive gear (3-2) cooperates with the outer ring of the rotating external gear support bearing (3-3); the inner ring of the rotating external gear support bearing (3-3) is a fixed ring and is fixed on the fixed base plate (1-1); the outer ring of the rotating external gear support bearing (3-3) is fixed to the rotating table (3-4); the swing support bearing mounting bracket (3-5) and the swing drive mounting bracket (3-6) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rotating table (3-4).

4. The vehicle ball stud assembly durability test device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The swing mechanism (4) comprises a swing drive motor (4-1), a swing drive gear (4-2), a swing external gear support bearing (4-3), a swing drive arm (4-4), a swing table (4-5), a ball pin holder fixture (4-6), a swing driven arm (4-7) and a swing support bearing (4-8); the swing drive motor (4-1) is mounted on a swing drive mounting bracket (3-6) and is used to drive the ball pin and the ball pin holder to rotate relative to each other; the swing drive gear (4-2) is connected to the output shaft of the swing drive motor (4-1) and transmits torque to the swing external gear support bearing (4-3) through gear meshing; the inner ring of the swing external gear support bearing (4-3) is a fixed ring and is fixed on the swing drive mounting bracket (3-6); the outer ring of the swing external gear support bearing (4-3) is The circle is a rotating circle with a gear, and is driven to rotate by a swing driving gear (4-2). The swing driving arm (4-4) is installed on the outer ring of the swing external gear support bearing (4-3) and is driven to swing cyclically. The swing driven arm (4-7) and the swing driving arm (4-4) are symmetrically arranged on the swing table (4-5). A ball pin seat clamp (4-6) is installed on the swing table (4-5). The ball pin seat clamp (4-6) is used to fix the ball pin seat. The swing driven arm (4-7) is connected to the outer ring of the swing support bearing (4-8). The inner ring of the swing support bearing (4-8) is installed on the swing support bearing mounting bracket (3-5). The swing support bearing (4-8) is coaxial with the swing external gear support bearing (4-3) and is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the swing table (4-5).

5. The vehicle ball stud assembly durability test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axial loading mechanism (5) comprises an axial column (5-1), a cylinder mounting bracket (5-2), an axial loading cylinder (5-3), a cylinder adapter (5-4), an axial pressure sensor (5-5) and an axial loading head (5-6); the cylinder mounting bracket (5-2) is mounted on the axial column (5-1); the axial loading cylinder (5-3) is mounted on the cylinder mounting bracket (5-2), and the cylinder axis is in a vertical direction, so as to realize an axial load; the axial loading cylinder (5-3) is connected to the axial pressure sensor (5-5) via the cylinder adapter (5-4); the axial pressure sensor (5-5) is connected to the axial loading head (5-6); the axial loading head (5-6) is a U-shaped structure with overhead holes on both sides, and is connected to a ball pin assembly via a pin.

6. The vehicle ball stud assembly durability test device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The radial loading mechanism (6) comprises a radial column (6-1), a hydraulic cylinder mounting plate (6-2), a radial loading hydraulic cylinder (6-3) and a radial loading head (6-4); the hydraulic cylinder mounting plate (6-2) is mounted on the radial column (6-1); the radial loading hydraulic cylinder (6-3) is mounted on the hydraulic cylinder mounting plate (6-2) and is used to realize radial load; the radial loading hydraulic cylinder (6-3) is connected to the radial loading head (6-4); the radial loading head (6-4) is used to be sleeved on the outer ring of the ball pin assembly and apply the force of the hydraulic cylinder to the rotation center of the ball pin assembly.

7. The vehicle ball stud assembly durability test device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a positioning plate (2), wherein the positioning plate (2) comprises a loading mechanism positioning plate (2-1) and a moving mechanism positioning plate (2-2); the loading mechanism positioning plate (2-1) is fixed on the swing table (4-5) for connecting with the radial loading head (6-4); the loading mechanism positioning plate (2-1) is used to connect the swing mechanism (4) and the radial loading mechanism (6); one end of the moving mechanism positioning plate (2-2) is fixed to the swing table (4-5) and the other end is fixed to the rotating table (3-4); the moving mechanism positioning plate (2-2) is used to connect the rotating mechanism (3) and the swing mechanism (4).

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