Ripple-free input boost DC-DC converter
By using dual winding coupled inductor and resonant circuit in DC-DC converter, combined with DSP chip and PWM controller, the problem of limited efficiency and power density in the prior art is solved, and high voltage gain and low power loss are achieved. Rippleless input boost DC-DC converter.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420855538.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-04-23
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-17
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-04-23
AI Technical Summary
Existing DC-DC boost converters are limited in efficiency and power density under high output voltage conditions and operating under hard switching conditions impairs their performance.
Design a ripple-free input boost DC-DC converter, which uses dual winding coupled inductor and resonant circuits, reduces power dissipation in the switching components, and achieves low voltage stress and soft switching performance through DSP chips and PWM controllers.
High voltage gain, zero input current ripple, low voltage stress and reduced power loss are achieved, improving the efficiency and applicability of the converter.
Smart Images
Figure CN222192149U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of renewable energy power generation, in particular to a ripple-free input boost DC-DC converter. Background Art
[0002] The stock of traditional energy sources such as oil, coal, and natural gas is limited, and the extensive use of these energy sources will cause environmental problems. As time goes by, the problem of the increasing depletion of traditional energy sources is becoming more and more prominent. In order to protect the environment, renewable energy sources such as photovoltaic panels, fuel cells, and wind turbines have become appropriate substitutes for the energy required by power facilities and local loads; however, the output voltage of such power sources is usually very low (<50V) and cannot be used directly. Therefore, a boost DC / DC converter with a wide voltage gain range should be used to increase the output voltage level; in addition, in order to meet the optimal power transmission of renewable energy, a continuous and ripple-free input current is required.
[0003] The DC-DC boost converter in the related art can achieve high voltage gain at extreme values of the duty cycle. However, in practice, the voltage gain of the converter is limited by the parasitic components of the inductor and capacitor at nearby duty cycles. In addition, due to the high voltage stress across the power switch, the application of the converter is limited in higher output voltages. In addition, many boost DC-DC converters using different boost technologies have been introduced, including voltage multipliers (VM), switched capacitors, and switched inductors cascaded to obtain high voltage gain. However, these circuits are usually operated under hard switching conditions using many components, thereby compromising their efficiency and power density. Utility Model Content
[0004] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the utility model provides a ripple-free input step-up DC-DC converter to solve the problem that the circuit in the related art operates under hard switching conditions using many components, thereby damaging its efficiency and power density.
[0005] The utility model is realized by the following technical solutions:
[0006] A ripple-free input step-up DC-DC converter, comprising an input voltage source Vin and an output load RL, wherein the positive electrode of the input voltage source Vin is respectively connected to the positive electrode of an input filter capacitor Cin and one end of an input inductor Lin, the other end of the input inductor Lin is respectively connected to one end of a leakage inductor LK and a negative electrode of a first capacitor C1, the other end of the leakage inductor LK is respectively connected to the positive electrode of an excitation inductor LM and one end of a primary side N1 of a dual-winding coupled inductor, the positive electrode of the first capacitor C1 is respectively connected to the positive electrode of a clamping capacitor Cc, the anode of a first diode D1 and the negative electrode of a clamping diode Dc, the other end of the primary side N1 of the dual-winding coupled inductor and The negative electrode of the excitation inductor LM is connected to one end of the secondary side N2 of the dual-winding coupled inductor, the positive electrode of the clamping diode Dc and the drain of the power switch tube Sw. The other end of the secondary side N2 of the dual-winding coupled inductor is connected to the negative electrode of the second capacitor C2. The positive electrode of the second capacitor C2 is respectively connected to the anode of the output diode Do and the negative electrode of the first capacitor C1. The anode of the first capacitor C1 is respectively connected to the positive electrode of the output filter capacitor Co and the positive electrode of the output load RL. The negative electrode of the input voltage source Vin, the negative electrode of the input filter capacitor Cin, the source of the power switch tube Sw, the negative electrode of the clamping capacitor Cc, the negative electrode of the output filter capacitor Co and the negative electrode of the output load RL are connected.
[0007] Furthermore, the input voltage source Vin is 25V.
[0008] Furthermore, the power switch tube Sw is a MOSFET switch tube with a withstand voltage of 150V, a model of IPP076N15N5, and an on-resistance of RDS(on)=7.6mΩ.
[0009] Furthermore, the first diode D1 and the output diode Do are rectifier diodes of type MUR415, and their conduction voltage drop VF(Max)=1.28V.
[0010] Furthermore, the clamping diode Dc is a rectifier diode of type MBR10100, and its conduction voltage drop VF(Max)=0.85V.
[0011] Furthermore, the input inductor Lin core model is EE42 / 21 / 15, the inductance value is 70uH, the excitation inductance LM inductance value is 90uH, and the leakage inductance LK inductance value is 0.9uH.
[0012] Furthermore, the type of the first capacitor C1 is MKT, and the parameter is 15uF / 100V; the type of the second capacitor C2 is MKT, and the parameter is 2.2uF / 250V.
[0013] Furthermore, the type of the clamping capacitor Cc is MKT, and the parameter is 10uF / 100V, and the parameter of the output filter capacitor Co is 15uF / 100V.
[0014] Furthermore, the dual-winding coupled inductor core model is EE42 / 21 / 20, and the transformation ratio is 1:5.2.
[0015] Furthermore, it also includes a voltage sensor, a DSP chip and a PWM controller;
[0016] The measuring end of the voltage sensor is connected to both ends of the load RL, and the output end of the voltage sensor is connected to the DSP chip and the PWM controller in sequence. The PWM controller is provided with an output end, and the output end is connected to the gate of the power switch tube Sw, and its switching frequency is 60kHz.
[0017] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial technical effects:
[0018] The utility model provides a ripple-free input boost DC-DC converter, comprising an input voltage source Vin and an output load RL, wherein the positive electrode of the input voltage source Vin is respectively connected to the positive electrode of an input filter capacitor Cin and one end of an input inductor Lin, the other end of the input inductor Lin is respectively connected to one end of a leakage inductor LK and a negative electrode of a first capacitor C1, the other end of the leakage inductor LK is respectively connected to the positive electrode of an excitation inductor LM and one end of a primary side N1 of a dual-winding coupled inductor, the positive electrode of the first capacitor C1 is respectively connected to the positive electrode of a clamping capacitor Cc, the anode of a first diode D1 and the negative electrode of a clamping diode Dc, the other end of the primary side N1 of the dual-winding coupled inductor is connected to the negative electrode of the excitation inductor LM and is connected to one end of a secondary side N2 of the dual-winding coupled inductor, the positive electrode of the clamping diode Dc and the drain of a power switch tube Sw, the other end of the secondary side N2 of the dual-winding coupled inductor is connected to the negative electrode of a second capacitor C2, the positive electrode of the second capacitor C2 is respectively connected to the output The anode of the diode Do and the negative electrode of the first capacitor C1, the anode of the first capacitor C1 are respectively connected to the positive electrode of the output filter capacitor Co and the positive electrode of the output load RL, the negative electrode of the input voltage source Vin, the negative electrode of the input filter capacitor Cin, the source electrode of the power switch tube Sw, the negative electrode of the clamping capacitor Cc, the negative electrode of the output filter capacitor Co and the negative electrode of the output load RL are connected; the application uses fewer components and the input current ripple is zero, making it suitable for the application of renewable energy; in addition, by designing a resonant circuit between the secondary side N2 of the dual-winding coupled inductor and the second capacitor C2 and the clamping capacitor Cc, the current waveform of the first diode D1 and the power switch tube Sw is changed to a sinusoidal form, which reduces the power dissipation of the switching component; in general, the application can provide high voltage gain, zero input current ripple, low voltage stress at both ends of the main power switch, soft switching performance, alleviate the reverse recovery problem of all diodes, and adopt quasi-resonant performance to reduce power loss. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] Figure 1 This is a topological diagram of the ripple-free input boost DC-DC converter of the utility model.
[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the working mode 1 of the ripple-free input boost DC-DC converter of the present invention.
[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the working mode 2 of the ripple-free input boost DC-DC converter of the present invention.
[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the working mode 3 of the ripple-free input boost DC-DC converter of the present invention.
[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the working mode 4 of the ripple-free input boost DC-DC converter of the present invention.
[0024] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the working mode 5 of the ripple-free input boost DC-DC converter of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which are intended to explain the present invention rather than to limit it.
[0026] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the utility model, the technical solution in the embodiment of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiment of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the utility model.
[0027] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the utility model and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the utility model described here can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, products or devices.
[0028] The utility model provides a ripple-free input boost DC-DC converter, such as Figure 1As shown, it includes an input voltage source Vin and an output load RL, the positive electrode of the input voltage source Vin is respectively connected to the positive electrode of the input filter capacitor Cin and one end of the input inductor Lin, the other end of the input inductor Lin is respectively connected to one end of the leakage inductor LK and the negative electrode of the first capacitor C1, the other end of the leakage inductor LK is respectively connected to the positive electrode of the excitation inductor LM and one end of the primary side N1 of the dual-winding coupled inductor, the positive electrode of the first capacitor C1 is respectively connected to the positive electrode of the clamping capacitor Cc, the anode of the first diode D1 and the negative electrode of the clamping diode Dc, the other end of the primary side N1 of the dual-winding coupled inductor and the negative electrode of the excitation inductor LM The poles are connected together and are connected to one end of the secondary side N2 of the dual-winding coupled inductor, the positive electrode of the clamping diode Dc and the drain of the power switch tube Sw. The other end of the secondary side N2 of the dual-winding coupled inductor is connected to the negative electrode of the second capacitor C2. The positive electrode of the second capacitor C2 is respectively connected to the anode of the output diode Do and the negative electrode of the first capacitor C1. The anode of the first capacitor C1 is respectively connected to the positive electrode of the output filter capacitor Co and the positive electrode of the output load RL. The negative electrode of the input voltage source Vin, the negative electrode of the input filter capacitor Cin, the source of the power switch tube Sw, the negative electrode of the clamping capacitor Cc, the negative electrode of the output filter capacitor Co and the negative electrode of the output load RL are connected.
[0029] Preferably, the input voltage source Vin is 25V.
[0030] Preferably, the power switch tube Sw is a MOSFET switch tube with a withstand voltage of 150V, a model of IPP076N15N5, and an on-resistance of RDS(on)=7.6mΩ.
[0031] Preferably, the first diode D1 and the output diode Do are rectifier diodes of type MUR415, and their conduction voltage drop VF(Max)=1.28V.
[0032] Preferably, the clamping diode Dc is a rectifier diode of type MBR10100, and its conduction voltage drop VF(Max)=0.85V.
[0033] Preferably, the input inductor Lin core model is EE42 / 21 / 15, the inductance value is 70uH, the excitation inductance LM inductance value is 90uH, and the leakage inductance LK inductance value is 0.9uH.
[0034] Preferably, the type of the first capacitor C1 is MKT, and the parameter is 15uF / 100V; the type of the second capacitor C2 is MKT, and the parameter is 2.2uF / 250V.
[0035] Preferably, the type of the clamping capacitor Cc is MKT, and the parameter is 10uF / 100V, and the parameter of the output filter capacitor Co is 15uF / 100V.
[0036] Preferably, the dual-winding coupled inductor core model is EE42 / 21 / 20, and the transformation ratio is 1:5.2.
[0037] Preferably, it also includes a voltage sensor, a DSP chip and a PWM controller;
[0038] The measuring end of the voltage sensor is connected to both ends of the load RL, and the output end of the voltage sensor is connected to the DSP chip and the PWM controller in sequence. The PWM controller is provided with an output end, and the output end is connected to the gate of the power switch tube Sw, and its switching frequency is 60kHz.
[0039] When the utility model is in use:
[0040] It should be noted that the circuit described in this application is assumed to operate in continuous conduction mode (CCM) and ideal power switches and diodes, and the voltage on all capacitors is a constant value. In addition, the dual-winding coupled inductor CI is modeled as an ideal transformer with an excitation inductance LM and a combined leakage inductance LK.
[0041] Working mode 1: Figure 2 As shown, in this working mode, the currents on the primary side N1 and the secondary side N2 of the dual-winding coupled inductor CI are equal, therefore, the single power switch tube Sw is turned on at the beginning under zero current switching (ZCS) condition, the output diode Do is also turned on, and the other diodes are cut off, during this transient mode, the first capacitor C1 and the excitation inductor LM of the dual-winding coupled inductor CI are discharged, due to the influence of the reflected leakage inductance on the secondary side N2 of the dual-winding coupled inductor CI, the current of the output diode Do reaches zero at the end of this operating mode without low reverse recovery (LRR) problem, therefore, the switching noise of the output DC voltage is greatly reduced.
[0042] Working mode 2: Figure 3 As shown, in this working mode, the power switch tube Sw remains turned on, and the first diode D1 begins to conduct with a gentle slope. Similar to mode 1, the first capacitor C1 is charged by the input DC power supply Vin, and the energy stored in the clamping capacitor Cc is transferred to the middle second capacitor C2. In addition, the excitation inductor LM is charged due to the positive induced voltage. In this state, in order to reduce the switch turn-off power loss, a resonant circuit is considered, such as Figure 3 As shown, the first capacitor C1, the second capacitor C2 and the clamping capacitor Cc resonate with the dual-winding coupled inductor CI; therefore, the waveforms of the currents iLk, iSw and iD1 become quasi-sinusoidal.
[0043] Working mode 3: Figure 4As shown, in this working mode, the power switch tube Sw remains turned on. After the first diode D1 is turned off, the leakage current iLk of the dual-winding coupled inductor CI is equal to its excitation inductor current iLm. During this short time interval, the first capacitor C1 and the clamping capacitor Cc are charged and discharged respectively. During this state, the current passes through the power switch.
[0044] Working mode 4: Figure 5 As shown, in this working mode, once the power switch is turned off, the clamping diode Dc and the output diode Do start to conduct, so the voltage of the single power switch is clamped, and the clamping capacitor Cc starts to obtain energy from the input inductor Lin and the excitation inductor LM. Therefore, the current iLM of the excitation inductor starts to decrease linearly. During this working mode, the energy stored in the dual-winding coupled inductor CI is released to the output capacitor Co along the second capacitor C2. When the clamping capacitor Cc is fully charged and the current of the clamping diode Dc reaches zero, the working mode ends.
[0045] Working mode 5: Figure 6 As shown, in this state, the power switch tube Sw, the clamping diode Dc and the first diode D1 are turned off, and the output diode Do is still turned on. At the same time, the leakage inductance LK of the dual-winding coupled inductor CI charges the output capacitor Co.
[0046] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, rather than to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, ordinary technicians in this field should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the utility model.
Claims
1. A ripple-free input step-up DC-DC converter, characterized in that: The invention comprises an input voltage source Vin and an output load RL, wherein the positive electrode of the input voltage source Vin is respectively connected to the positive electrode of the input filter capacitor Cin and one end of the input inductor Lin, the other end of the input inductor Lin is respectively connected to one end of the leakage inductor LK and the negative electrode of the first capacitor C1, the other end of the leakage inductor LK is respectively connected to the positive electrode of the excitation inductor LM and one end of the primary side N1 of the dual-winding coupled inductor, the positive electrode of the first capacitor C1 is respectively connected to the positive electrode of the clamping capacitor Cc, the anode of the first diode D1 and the negative electrode of the clamping diode Dc, the other end of the primary side N1 of the dual-winding coupled inductor is respectively connected to the negative electrode of the excitation inductor LM One end of the secondary side N2 of the dual-winding coupled inductor, the positive electrode of the clamping diode Dc and the drain of the power switch tube Sw are connected and connected. The other end of the secondary side N2 of the dual-winding coupled inductor is connected to the negative electrode of the second capacitor C2. The positive electrode of the second capacitor C2 is respectively connected to the anode of the output diode Do and the negative electrode of the first capacitor C1. The anode of the first capacitor C1 is respectively connected to the positive electrode of the output filter capacitor Co and the positive electrode of the output load RL. The negative electrode of the input voltage source Vin, the negative electrode of the input filter capacitor Cin, the source of the power switch tube Sw, the negative electrode of the clamping capacitor Cc, the negative electrode of the output filter capacitor Co and the negative electrode of the output load RL are connected.
2. A ripple-free input step-up DC-DC converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The input voltage source Vin is 25V.
3. The ripple-free input step-up DC-DC converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power switch tube Sw is a MOSFET switch tube with a withstand voltage of 150V, a model of IPP076N15N5, and an on-resistance of RDS(on)=7.6mΩ.
4. The ripple-free input step-up DC-DC converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first diode D1 and the output diode Do are rectifier diodes of type MUR415, and their conduction voltage drop VF(Max)=1.28V.
5. The ripple-free input step-up DC-DC converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping diode Dc is a rectifier diode of MBR10100, and its conduction voltage drop VF(Max)=0.85V.
6. The ripple-free input step-up DC-DC converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The input inductor Lin core model is EE42 / 21 / 15, the inductance value is 70uH, the excitation inductance LM inductance value is 90uH, and the leakage inductance LK inductance value is 0.9uH.
7. The ripple-free input step-up DC-DC converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The type of the first capacitor C1 is MKT, and the parameter is 15uF / 100V. The type of the second capacitor C2 is MKT, and the parameter is 2.2uF / 250V.
8. The ripple-free input step-up DC-DC converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The type of the clamping capacitor Cc is MKT, and the parameter is 10uF / 100V, and the parameter of the output filter capacitor Co is 15uF / 100V.
9. The ripple-free input step-up DC-DC converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The double-winding coupled inductor core model is EE42 / 21 / 20, and the transformation ratio is 1:5.
2.
10. The ripple-free input step-up DC-DC converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes voltage sensors, DSP chips and PWM controllers; The measuring end of the voltage sensor is connected to both ends of the load RL, and the output end of the voltage sensor is connected to the DSP chip and the PWM controller in sequence. The PWM controller is provided with an output end, and the output end is connected to the gate of the power switch tube Sw, and its switching frequency is 60kHz.