Variable-rigidity high-reliability shock absorber

Abstract

The utility model discloses a variable-rigidity high-reliability shock absorber which comprises a gasket, a low-rigidity shock absorption ring, a high-rigidity shock absorption ring, a low-rigidity shock absorption column, a high-rigidity shock absorption column and a sleeve. The section of the sleeve is in an inverted-T shape, the sleeve comprises a hollow cylinder and a circular ring fixed to the lower portion of the hollow cylinder, the hollow cylinder is sleeved with the low-rigidity vibration reduction column and the high-rigidity vibration reduction column, the outer diameter of the low-rigidity vibration reduction column, the outer diameter of the high-rigidity vibration reduction column and the inner diameter of a supporting lug hole of a vibration-reduced object are the same, and the outer diameter of the low-rigidity vibration reduction column is larger than the inner diameter of the supporting lug hole of the vibration-reduced object. The low-rigidity vibration reduction column and the high-rigidity vibration reduction column are installed in a supporting lug hole of an object subjected to vibration reduction in a combined mode, and the gasket and the sleeve are installed in a combined mode. The shock absorber disclosed by the utility model has the characteristic of variable stiffness, can adapt to different working conditions, and can meet the comprehensive shock absorption requirements of small load in orbit of space equipment and large load launched along with a rocket, and the comprehensive shock absorption requirements of small load of airborne weapons in hanging flight along with an airplane and large load in autonomous flight after launching.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of passive vibration reduction, in particular to a variable stiffness high-reliability vibration reducer. Background Art

[0002] like Figure 2 The traditional rubber shock absorber shown in the figure has an obvious effect on the vibration attenuation of a single working condition, but because its principle is low-pass filtering, it can achieve efficient vibration reduction by reducing its frequency. The rubber modulus used in low-stiffness rubber shock absorbers is also low, usually corresponding to low strength, so it often exposes the problem of insufficient reliability when facing large load conditions. With the development of my country's high-precision satellites, space stations, and space exploration projects, the demand for vibration reduction of precision space electronic instruments and equipment has become increasingly prominent, but it faces the adaptability problems of small load conditions of on-orbit vibration and large load conditions of rocket launch. In order to meet this demand, the transmission rubber shock absorber can only be designed for stiffness and damping based on the vibration reduction of small loads, while it is hard to resist the large load of the launch section, so structural damage problems such as tearing and wear of the rubber shock absorber often occur. In addition, when the airborne weapons are not launched, they are hung on the bottom of the flight for flight, and the vibration generated by the aircraft engine affects the airborne weapons and instruments. After the airborne weapons are launched, the large load vibration generated by the engine ignition during its autonomous flight also affects the airborne weapons and instruments. Therefore, the shock absorber needs to be able to adapt to the vibration reduction under two different working conditions. The above two special vibration reduction requirements both require the shock absorber to have variable stiffness characteristics, be able to adapt well to small load and large load conditions, and play the role of a high-efficiency shock absorber with high reliability and high adaptability. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model aims to provide a variable stiffness high-reliability shock absorber in view of the fact that the rubber shock absorber in the prior art cannot take into account the shock absorption and reliability requirements of small loads and large loads in different working periods.

[0004] The technical solution adopted to achieve the purpose of this utility model is:

[0005] A variable stiffness high-reliability vibration damper, comprising a gasket, a low stiffness vibration damping ring, a high stiffness vibration damping ring, a low stiffness vibration damping column, a high stiffness vibration damping column and a sleeve;

[0006] The cross section of the sleeve is an inverted "T" shape. The sleeve includes a hollow cylinder and a ring fixed under the hollow cylinder. The low-rigidity vibration-damping column and the high-rigidity vibration-damping column are both sleeved outside the hollow cylinder. The inner diameter of the low-rigidity vibration-damping column is the same as the outer diameter of the hollow cylinder. The inner diameter of the high-rigidity vibration-damping column is larger than the inner diameter of the low-rigidity vibration-damping column. The outer diameter of the low-rigidity vibration-damping column, the outer diameter of the high-rigidity vibration-damping column and the inner diameter of the ear hole of the vibration-damped object are the same. The low-rigidity vibration-damping column and the high-rigidity vibration-damping column are installed in combination in the ear hole of the vibration-damped object to achieve a radial vibration-damping effect on the vibration-damped object. The gasket and the sleeve are installed in combination to limit the displacement of the variable-rigidity high-reliability vibration damper.

[0007] The inner diameter of the high-rigidity vibration damping ring is clearance-matched with the low-rigidity vibration damping ring. The low-rigidity vibration damping ring includes an upper low-rigidity vibration damping ring and a lower low-rigidity vibration damping ring with the same structure. The high-rigidity vibration damping ring includes an upper high-rigidity vibration damping ring and a lower high-rigidity vibration damping ring with the same structure. The upper low-rigidity vibration damping ring and the lower low-rigidity vibration damping ring are respectively installed on the lower surface of the gasket and the upper surface of the ring. The upper high-rigidity vibration damping ring and the lower high-rigidity vibration damping ring are respectively installed on the lower surface of the gasket and the upper surface of the ring.

[0008] In the above technical solution, the gap between the inner diameter of the high-rigidity vibration damping ring and the low-rigidity vibration damping ring is 1% to 2% of the outer diameter of the low-rigidity vibration damping ring; the height of the high-rigidity vibration damping ring is 5% to 10% smaller than the height of the low-rigidity vibration damping ring.

[0009] In the above technical solution, the inner diameter of the low-rigidity vibration-damping column is 10% to 20% larger than the inner diameter of the high-rigidity vibration-damping column;

[0010] The high-rigidity vibration damping column includes an upper high-rigidity vibration damping column and a lower high-rigidity vibration damping column with the same structure, the upper high-rigidity vibration damping column is located above the low-rigidity vibration damping column, the lower high-rigidity vibration damping column is located below the low-rigidity vibration damping column, the lower surface of the upper low-rigidity vibration damping ring contacts the upper surface of the upper high-rigidity vibration damping column, and the upper surface of the lower low-rigidity vibration damping ring contacts the lower surface of the lower high-rigidity column.

[0011] In the above technical solution, the height of the low-rigidity vibration damping column is 60% to 70% of the thickness of the lug of the object to be damped, and the sum of the heights of the upper high-rigidity vibration damping column, the low-rigidity vibration damping column and the lower high-rigidity vibration damping column is the same as the thickness of the lug of the object to be damped.

[0012] In the above technical solution, the edge of the gasket is provided with a first limiting flange, the height of the first limiting flange is 70% to 80% of the height of the high-rigidity vibration damping ring; the inner diameter of the first limiting flange is 1.05 to 1.2 times the outer diameter of the high-rigidity vibration damping ring.

[0013] In the above technical solution, the lower surface of the gasket is provided with a first limiting groove and a second limiting groove for fixing the upper high-rigidity vibration damping ring and the upper low-rigidity vibration damping ring;

[0014] A third limiting groove and a fourth limiting groove for fixing the lower high-rigidity vibration damping ring and the lower low-rigidity vibration damping ring are arranged on the upper surface of the circular ring.

[0015] In the above technical solution, a second limiting flange is provided on the edge of the circular ring, and the height of the second limiting flange is 70% to 80% of the height of the high-rigidity vibration damping ring; the inner diameter of the second limiting flange is 1.05 to 1.2 times the outer diameter of the high-rigidity vibration damping ring.

[0016] In the above technical solution, a plurality of through holes are provided on the low-rigidity vibration damping ring, and the through holes are arranged in a ring matrix with the center of the low-rigidity vibration damping ring as the center.

[0017] In the above technical solution, the gasket and the sleeve are detachably connected by bolts.

[0018] In the above technical solution, the low-rigidity vibration damping ring, the high-rigidity vibration damping ring, the low-rigidity vibration damping column, and the high-rigidity vibration damping column are all made of rubber damping materials, and the sleeve and the gasket are made of stainless steel or titanium alloy.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0020] 1. The shock absorber of the utility model has the characteristic of variable stiffness, which changes the problem that the traditional rubber shock absorber cannot take into account the vibration reduction and reliability requirements of small loads and large loads in different working periods; it can adapt to different working conditions and meet the comprehensive vibration reduction requirements of small loads of space equipment on orbit and large loads during rocket launch, as well as the comprehensive vibration reduction requirements of small loads of airborne weapons flying with aircraft and large loads of autonomous flight after launch.

[0021] 2. The vibrator of the utility model changes the characteristic structure of the traditional rubber vibration damper, combines low-rigidity and high-rigidity rubber vibration damping rings, and realizes the variable stiffness characteristic of vertical vibration damping. Under the action of small load, the low-rigidity rubber vibration damping ring is mainly in contact with the ear of the object to be damped, plays a supporting role and provides stiffness, and uses the low stiffness characteristic to achieve efficient vibration damping; under the action of large load, the high-rigidity rubber vibration damping ring is also in contact with the ear of the object to be damped, and simultaneously plays a supporting role and provides high stiffness characteristics to reduce dynamic displacement. At the same time, the flange of the gasket and the sleeve limits the deformation of the rubber vibration damping ring combination, further reduces the dynamic displacement, and ensures the reliability of the vibration damper; on the other hand, under the action of small load, the low-rigidity rubber vibration damping column is mainly in contact with the radial direction, plays a supporting role and provides low stiffness, and uses the low stiffness characteristic to achieve efficient vibration damping; under the action of large load, the high-rigidity rubber vibration damping column is also in contact with the sleeve, and simultaneously plays a supporting role and provides high stiffness characteristics to reduce dynamic displacement, and ensures the reliability of the vibration damper. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of the variable stiffness high-reliability shock absorber of the utility model.

[0023] Figure 2 Shown is a schematic diagram of the structure of a traditional rubber shock absorber.

[0024] Figure 3 Shown is a cross-sectional view of the rubber vibration damping ring assembly structure.

[0025] Figure 4 Shown is a top view of the rubber vibration damping ring assembly structure.

[0026] Figure 5 Shown is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the rubber vibration damping column.

[0027] Figure 6 Shown is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gasket.

[0028] Figure 7 Shown is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sleeve.

[0029] In the figure: 1-gasket, 2-upper high stiffness vibration damping ring, 3-upper low stiffness vibration damping ring, 4-ear of the object to be damped, 5-upper high stiffness vibration damping column, 6-low stiffness vibration damping column, 7-lower high stiffness vibration damping column, 8-hollow cylinder, 9-lower high stiffness vibration damping ring, 10-first limiting flange, 11-lower low stiffness vibration damping ring, 12-ring, 13-through hole, 14-first limiting groove, 15-second limiting groove, 16-third limiting groove, 17-fourth limiting groove, 18-second limiting flange. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0031] A variable stiffness high reliability shock absorber, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a gasket 1, a low-rigidity vibration damping ring, a high-rigidity vibration damping ring, a low-rigidity vibration damping column 6, a high-rigidity vibration damping column and a sleeve; the low-rigidity vibration damping ring, the high-rigidity vibration damping ring, the low-rigidity vibration damping column 6, and the high-rigidity vibration damping column are all made of rubber damping materials, and the sleeve and gasket 1 are made of stainless steel or titanium alloy.

[0032] The cross section of the sleeve is an inverted "T" shape, and the sleeve includes a hollow cylinder 8 and a ring 12 fixed under the hollow cylinder 8. The low-rigidity vibration-damping column 6 and the high-rigidity vibration-damping column 7 are both sleeved outside the hollow cylinder 8. The inner diameter of the low-rigidity vibration-damping column 6 is the same as the outer diameter of the hollow cylinder 8, and the inner diameter of the high-rigidity vibration-damping column 7 is larger than the inner diameter of the low-rigidity vibration-damping column 6. The outer diameter of the low-rigidity vibration-damping column 6, the outer diameter of the high-rigidity vibration-damping column 7 and the inner diameter of the ear hole of the ear 4 of the vibration-damped object are the same. The low-rigidity vibration-damping column 6 and the high-rigidity vibration-damping column are installed in combination in the ear hole of the ear 4 of the vibration-damped object to reduce the radial vibration of the vibration-damped object. The gasket 1 and the sleeve are installed in combination. Specifically, the gasket 1 and the sleeve are detachably connected by bolts to limit the displacement of the variable-rigidity high-reliability vibration absorber.

[0033] like Figure 5 As shown, the inner diameter of the low-rigidity vibration damping column 6 is 10% to 20% larger than the inner diameter of the high-rigidity vibration damping column. The high-rigidity vibration damping column includes an upper high-rigidity vibration damping column 5 and a lower high-rigidity vibration damping column 7 with the same structure. The upper high-rigidity vibration damping column 5 is located above the low-rigidity vibration damping column 6, and the lower high-rigidity vibration damping column 7 is located below the low-rigidity vibration damping column 6. The height of the low-rigidity vibration damping column 6 is 60 to 70% of the thickness of the ear 4 of the vibration damping object. The sum of the heights of the upper high-rigidity vibration damping column 5, the low-rigidity vibration damping column 6 and the lower high-rigidity vibration damping column 7 is the same as the thickness of the ear 4 of the vibration damping object.

[0034] like Figure 3-4 As shown, the inner diameter of the high-rigidity vibration damping ring is matched with the clearance of the low-rigidity vibration damping ring, and the clearance between the inner diameter of the high-rigidity vibration damping ring and the low-rigidity vibration damping ring is 1% to 2% of the outer diameter of the low-rigidity vibration damping ring; the height of the high-rigidity vibration damping ring is 5% to 10% smaller than the height of the low-rigidity vibration damping ring. The low-rigidity vibration damping ring is provided with a plurality of through holes 13 to reduce the rigidity, and the through holes 13 are arranged in a ring matrix with the center of the low-rigidity vibration damping ring as the center.

[0035] The low-rigidity vibration damping ring includes an upper low-rigidity vibration damping ring 3 and a lower low-rigidity vibration damping ring 11 with the same structure, and the high-rigidity vibration damping ring includes an upper high-rigidity vibration damping ring 2 and a lower high-rigidity vibration damping ring 9 with the same structure. The upper low-rigidity vibration damping ring 3 and the lower low-rigidity vibration damping ring 11 are respectively installed on the lower surface of the gasket 1 and the upper surface of the ring 12, the upper high-rigidity vibration damping ring 2 and the lower high-rigidity vibration damping ring 9 are respectively installed on the lower surface of the gasket 1 and the upper surface of the ring 12, the lower surface of the upper low-rigidity vibration damping ring 3 contacts the upper surface of the upper high-rigidity vibration damping column 5, and the upper surface of the lower low-rigidity vibration damping ring 11 contacts the lower surface of the lower high-rigidity vibration damping column 7.

[0036] like Figure 6-7 As shown, the edge of the gasket 1 is provided with a first limiting flange 10, the height of the first limiting flange 10 is 70% to 80% of the height of the high-rigidity vibration damping ring; the inner diameter of the first limiting flange 10 is 1.05 to 1.2 times the outer diameter of the high-rigidity vibration damping ring. The edge of the ring 12 is provided with a second limiting flange 18, the height of the second limiting flange 18 is 70% to 80% of the height of the high-rigidity vibration damping ring; the inner diameter of the second limiting flange 18 is 1.05 to 1.2 times the outer diameter of the high-rigidity vibration damping ring.

[0037] The lower surface of the gasket 1 is provided with a first limiting groove 14 and a second limiting groove 15 for fixing the upper high-rigidity vibration damping ring 2 and the upper low-rigidity vibration damping ring 3; the upper surface of the ring 12 is provided with a third limiting groove 16 and a fourth limiting groove 17 for fixing the lower high-rigidity vibration damping ring 9 and the lower low-rigidity vibration damping ring 11.

[0038] Example:

[0039] The low-rigidity vibration damping ring has an inner diameter of Φ6, an outer diameter of Φ15, a height of 6mm, and is provided with 8 through holes with a diameter of Φ2; the high-rigidity vibration damping ring has an inner diameter of Φ15.5, an outer diameter of Φ21, and a height of 5.5mm; the low-rigidity vibration damping column has an inner diameter of Φ6, an outer diameter of Φ12, and a height of 6mm; the high-rigidity vibration damping column has an inner diameter of Φ7, an outer diameter of Φ12, and a height of 1.5mm; the first limiting flange and the second limiting flange are both 4mm in height and 23mm in inner diameter.

[0040] The low-rigidity vibration damping ring and low-rigidity vibration damping column are made of silicone rubber damping material with a Shore A hardness of 20; the high-rigidity vibration damping ring and high-rigidity vibration damping column are made of natural rubber damping material with a Shore A hardness of 70; the sleeve and gasket are made of stainless steel 20Cr13;

[0041] The variable stiffness high-reliability shock absorber is used. The object to be damped weighs 4 kg. Under the action of 1g small-scale acceleration sinusoidal vibration, its resonant frequency is 30 Hz. Under the action of 10g sinusoidal vibration load, its resonant frequency is 120 Hz. After the test, the reliability of the shock absorber meets the requirements, and it embodies the characteristics of small load and small stiffness, and large load and large stiffness.

[0042] For ease of explanation, spatial relative terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and the like are used in the embodiments to illustrate the relationship of one element or feature shown in the figure relative to another element or feature. It should be understood that, in addition to the orientation shown in the figure, the spatial terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation. For example, if the device in the figure is inverted, the element described as being "under" other elements or features will be positioned "on" other elements or features. Therefore, the exemplary term "under" can include both upper and lower orientations. The device can be positioned in other ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used here can be interpreted accordingly.

[0043] Furthermore, relational terms such as “first” and “second” and the like are merely used to distinguish one component from another having the same name, but do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these components.

[0044] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A variable stiffness high reliability shock absorber, characterized in that: It includes a gasket, a low-rigidity vibration damping ring, a high-rigidity vibration damping ring, a low-rigidity vibration damping column, a high-rigidity vibration damping column and a sleeve; The cross section of the sleeve is an inverted "T" shape. The sleeve includes a hollow cylinder and a ring fixed under the hollow cylinder. The low-rigidity vibration-damping column and the high-rigidity vibration-damping column are both sleeved outside the hollow cylinder. The inner diameter of the low-rigidity vibration-damping column is the same as the outer diameter of the hollow cylinder. The inner diameter of the high-rigidity vibration-damping column is larger than the inner diameter of the low-rigidity vibration-damping column. The outer diameter of the low-rigidity vibration-damping column, the outer diameter of the high-rigidity vibration-damping column and the inner diameter of the ear hole of the vibration-damped object are the same. The low-rigidity vibration-damping column and the high-rigidity vibration-damping column are installed in combination in the ear hole of the vibration-damped object to achieve a radial vibration-damping effect on the vibration-damped object. The gasket and the sleeve are installed in combination to limit the displacement of the variable-rigidity high-reliability vibration damper. The inner diameter of the high-rigidity vibration damping ring is clearance-matched with the low-rigidity vibration damping ring. The low-rigidity vibration damping ring includes an upper low-rigidity vibration damping ring and a lower low-rigidity vibration damping ring with the same structure. The high-rigidity vibration damping ring includes an upper high-rigidity vibration damping ring and a lower high-rigidity vibration damping ring with the same structure. The upper low-rigidity vibration damping ring and the lower low-rigidity vibration damping ring are respectively installed on the lower surface of the gasket and the upper surface of the ring. The upper high-rigidity vibration damping ring and the lower high-rigidity vibration damping ring are respectively installed on the lower surface of the gasket and the upper surface of the ring.

2. The variable stiffness high reliability shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gap between the inner diameter of the high-rigidity vibration damping ring and the low-rigidity vibration damping ring is 1% to 2% of the outer diameter of the low-rigidity vibration damping ring; the height of the high-rigidity vibration damping ring is 5% to 10% smaller than the height of the low-rigidity vibration damping ring.

3. The variable stiffness high reliability shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the low-rigidity vibration-damping column is 10% to 20% larger than the inner diameter of the high-rigidity vibration-damping column; The high-rigidity vibration damping column includes an upper high-rigidity vibration damping column and a lower high-rigidity vibration damping column with the same structure, the upper high-rigidity vibration damping column is located above the low-rigidity vibration damping column, the lower high-rigidity vibration damping column is located below the low-rigidity vibration damping column, the lower surface of the upper low-rigidity vibration damping ring contacts the upper surface of the upper high-rigidity vibration damping column, and the upper surface of the lower low-rigidity vibration damping ring contacts the lower surface of the lower high-rigidity column.

4. The variable stiffness high reliability shock absorber according to claim 3, characterized in that: The height of the low-rigidity vibration damping column is 60% to 70% of the thickness of the lug of the object being damped, and the sum of the heights of the upper high-rigidity vibration damping column, the low-rigidity vibration damping column and the lower high-rigidity vibration damping column is the same as the thickness of the lug of the object being damped.

5. The variable stiffness high reliability shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The edge of the gasket is provided with a first limiting flange, the height of which is 70% to 80% of the height of the high-rigidity vibration damping ring; the inner diameter of the first limiting flange is 1.05 to 1.2 times the outer diameter of the high-rigidity vibration damping ring.

6. The variable stiffness high reliability shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower surface of the gasket is provided with a first limiting groove and a second limiting groove for fixing the upper high-rigidity vibration damping ring and the upper low-rigidity vibration damping ring; A third limiting groove and a fourth limiting groove for fixing the lower high-rigidity vibration damping ring and the lower low-rigidity vibration damping ring are arranged on the upper surface of the circular ring.

7. The variable stiffness high reliability shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The edge of the circular ring is provided with a second limiting flange, the height of which is 70% to 80% of the height of the high-rigidity vibration damping ring; the inner diameter of the second limiting flange is 1.05 to 1.2 times the outer diameter of the high-rigidity vibration damping ring.

8. The variable stiffness high reliability shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-rigidity vibration damping ring is provided with a plurality of through holes, and the through holes are arranged in a ring matrix with the center of the low-rigidity vibration damping ring as the center.

9. The variable stiffness high reliability shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gasket and the sleeve are detachably connected via bolts.

10. The variable stiffness high reliability shock absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The low-rigidity vibration damping ring, the high-rigidity vibration damping ring, the low-rigidity vibration damping column, and the high-rigidity vibration damping column are all made of rubber damping materials, and the sleeve and the gasket are made of stainless steel or titanium alloy.

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