Nail-plate integrated internal fixing device for treating distal femur fracture

Abstract

The utility model relates to a nail-plate integrated internal fixing device for treating distal femur fracture, which comprises an intramedullary nail, a plurality of transversely-locked interlocking locking holes are arranged at the near end and the far end of the intramedullary nail, and an elliptical screw hole is further arranged in the middle of the intramedullary nail; an LISS steel plate, a cortical bone screw and a lock cap. Compared with the prior art, the intramedullary nail has the advantages that the intramedullary nail can be integrally fixed with an LISS steel plate on the outer side, similar triangular fixation is achieved, the fixing efficiency is higher, lateral movement and shear stress of the fracture broken end can be more effectively controlled, the axial, bending and rotating stability of the fracture broken end is maintained, and the fracture broken end is prevented from being damaged. After being fixed, a patient can perform early-stage activity and early-stage weight bearing, the joint activity and lower limb weight bearing functions of the patient are reserved or recovered to the maximum extent, and the life quality of the patient is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of distal femoral fractures, in particular to a nail plate-in-body fixation device for treating distal femoral fractures. Background Art

[0002] Distal femoral fracture is one of the more common fractures in clinical practice, and open reduction and internal fixation surgery has become the preferred treatment option. Currently, the LISS plate is the most common internal fixation material for the distal femur, but the complications of the LISS plate are relatively high, such as nonunion and internal fixation breakage. In many cases, distal femoral fractures require medial reinforcement technology to strengthen fixation, such as medial femoral cortical defects, low-positioned bicondylar fractures, periprosthetic fractures, nonunion after LISS plate fixation of distal femoral fractures, and comminuted distal femoral fractures.

[0003] Common medial reinforcement techniques include medial and lateral double plate fixation and conventional intercondylar fossa approach with distal femoral retrograde intramedullary nailing combined with lateral plate fixation. However, both of the above techniques have certain defects, such as the medial plate addition technique. First, there is no special medial plate, and secondly, the medial plate may affect the nerves and blood vessels. Retrograde intramedullary nailing needs to enter the joint, which may have a certain impact on the joint. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a nail plate-body fixation device for treating distal femoral fractures, which can implant a new type of intramedullary nail through a minimally invasive incision, thereby solving the problem that the instability of the fracture ends can only be fixed with auxiliary steel plates and single cortical screws due to the lack of a hole for the screw in the middle of the intramedullary nail, thereby affecting the healing of the fracture.

[0005] The utility model is realized by the following technical scheme: a nail plate-in-vivo fixation device for treating distal femoral fractures, which comprises:

[0006] An intramedullary nail implanted in the bone, wherein the proximal and distal ends of the intramedullary nail are provided with a plurality of transversely locked interlocking locking holes, and an elliptical screw hole is also provided in the middle;

[0007] The LISS plate is provided with a plurality of self-locking screw holes and is implanted on the outside of the bone joint through the transversely locked self-locking screw holes. The middle part of the LISS plate is also provided with a second screw hole that cooperates with the elliptical screw hole;

[0008] A cortical bone screw, used to cooperate with the interlocking locking hole, the self-locking screw hole, the elliptical screw hole and the second screw hole; and

[0009] Locking cap, connected to the proximal end of the intramedullary nail.

[0010] Compared with the previous technology, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0011] 1. The intramedullary nail of the utility model can be integrated with the outer LISS steel plate to achieve similar triangular fixation, with stronger fixation efficiency, and can more effectively control the lateral movement and shear stress of the fracture ends, maintain the axial, bending and rotational stability of the fracture ends, and allow patients to carry out early activities and early weight-bearing after fixation, thereby maximally retaining or restoring the patient's joint activities and lower limb weight-bearing function, and improving their quality of life.

[0012] 2. Intramedullary nails can be placed through minimally invasive surgery and have no effect on the medial neurovascular bundle compared to the medial plate technique.

[0013] 3. The shape and size of the intramedullary nail are limited, so that the nail entry point can be adjusted to ensure that the intramedullary nail does not enter the knee joint cavity and has little impact on the knee joint function. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the intramedullary nail;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the intramedullary nail;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a top view of the proximal end of the intramedullary nail;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a top view of the distal end of the intramedullary nail;

[0018] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the intramedullary nail and the cortical bone screw;

[0019] Figure 6 This is the side view after the intramedullary nail is connected to the cortical bone screw;

[0020] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the frontal view of the distal femoral fracture fixed with an intramedullary nail and LISS plate;

[0021] Figure 8 This is a lateral schematic diagram of the combination of intramedullary nail and LISS plate for internal fixation of distal femoral fracture;

[0022] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the intramedullary nail and the LISS plate.

[0023] Explanation of reference numerals: 1-intramedullary nail, 11-linear structure, 111-first interlocking locking hole, 12-arc-shaped structure, 121-second interlocking locking hole, 13-locking cap, 14-elliptical screw hole, 2-LISS plate, 21-self-locking screw hole, 22-second screw hole, 3-cortical bone screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The utility model is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the protection content of the utility model is not limited to the following:

[0025] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, a nail plate-body fixation device for treating distal femoral fractures, comprising:

[0026] An intramedullary nail 1 implanted in the bone, wherein the proximal and distal ends of the intramedullary nail 1 are provided with a plurality of transversely locked interlocking locking holes, and an elliptical screw hole 14 is also provided in the middle;

[0027] The LISS steel plate 2 is provided with a plurality of self-locking screw holes 21 and is implanted on the outside of the bone joint through the transversely locked self-locking screw holes 21. The middle part of the LISS steel plate 2 is also provided with a second screw hole 22 that cooperates with the elliptical screw hole 14;

[0028] The cortical bone screw 3 is used to cooperate with the interlocking locking hole, the self-locking screw hole 21, the elliptical screw hole 14 and the second screw hole 22; and

[0029] The locking cap 13 is connected to the proximal end of the intramedullary nail 1 .

[0030] The steel plate 2 is a LISS steel plate. The utility model makes a series of changes to the intramedullary nail. First, the intramedullary nail is provided with an elliptical screw hole that can be matched and fixed with the LISS steel plate, so that the intramedullary nail and the LISS steel plate can be firmly matched.

[0031] Furthermore, when LISS plate external fixation is not required, the intramedullary nail of the utility model can also be used alone.

[0032] The intramedullary nail 1 comprises a proximal linear structure 11 and a distal arc-shaped structure 12; the arc of the arc-shaped structure (12) is 48-52°.

[0033] The arc angle of the arc structure 12 is preferably 50°. The overall length of the intramedullary nail is 135-145 mm, and the diameter is 8-10 mm. Currently, the overall length of the intramedullary nail is 140 mm, and the diameter is 9 mm. It is suitable for epiphyseal fractures 6-12 cm away from the distal femoral articular surface, or combined with simple distal femoral articular surface fractures. For details, see Figure 2 The intramedullary nails currently on the market are all straight and have no curvature, so the entry point of the current intramedullary nails is in the intercondylar fossa; while the entry point of the utility model is about 1 cm below the medial epicondyle, while the existing one is in the intercondylar fossa. The above entry points are combined with corresponding specifications to ensure that the intramedullary nail 1 does not enter the knee joint cavity, which has little effect on the function of the knee joint.

[0034] The proximal end of the intramedullary nail 1 is provided with two first interlocking locking holes 111. The angles between the two first interlocking locking holes 111 and the line connecting the medial and lateral directions are -2° to 2° and 23° to 27°, respectively. Specifically, the angles between the two first interlocking locking holes 111 and the line connecting the medial and lateral directions are 0° and 25°, respectively.

[0035] The distal end of the intramedullary nail 1 is provided with three divergently distributed second interlocking locking holes 121, and the angles between the three second interlocking locking holes 121 and the line connecting the inner and outer directions are 24-28°, -11--15°, and -16--20°, respectively. Specifically, the angles between the three second interlocking locking holes 121 and the line connecting the inner and outer directions are 26°, -13°, and -18°, respectively.

[0036] Generally speaking, it is only necessary to ensure that the staggered angle between any two adjacent second interlocking locking holes 121 is controlled within 54°.

[0037] Furthermore, both the first interlocking locking hole and the second interlocking locking hole can be inserted with a 4.5 mm transverse locking nail. The first interlocking locking hole is used to prevent the stump from rotating and shifting; the angle control of the second interlocking locking hole can prevent it from blocking the insertion of the distal locking of the LISS plate.

[0038] Directions:

[0039] ① First, the fracture ends need to be reduced; after the reduction is good, the LISS plate is placed on the outside of the femur, and then cortical bone screws of appropriate length are inserted into the distal and proximal ends of the LISS plate for fixation;

[0040] ② Then use the intramedullary nail of the utility model for intramedullary fixation: implant the intramedullary nail, and realize internal fixation through the interlocking cortical bone screws at the proximal and distal ends of the intramedullary nail; then pass a cortical bone screw provided in the middle of the LISS steel plate through the elliptical screw hole in the middle column of the intramedullary nail to realize the intramedullary nail combined with the locking plate and double cortical bone screw locking fixation, and finally install the locking cap of the intramedullary nail.

[0041] Although the utility model uses specific embodiments and their alternatives to illustrate and describe the utility model, it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be implemented as long as they do not deviate from the spirit and scope of the utility model. Therefore, it should be understood that except for the limitations of the attached claims and their equivalents, the utility model is not limited in any sense.

Claims

1. A nail plate-body fixation device for treating distal femoral fractures, characterized in that: It includes: An intramedullary nail (1) implanted in a bone, wherein the proximal and distal ends of the intramedullary nail (1) are provided with a plurality of transversely locked interlocking locking holes, and an elliptical screw hole (14) is also provided in the middle; The LISS steel plate (2) is provided with a plurality of transversely locked self-locking screw holes (21) and is implanted on the outside of the bone joint through the self-locking screw holes (21); the middle portion of the LISS steel plate (2) is also provided with a second screw hole (22) that cooperates with the elliptical screw hole (14); A cortical bone screw (3) used for being connected in cooperation with the interlocking locking hole, the self-locking screw hole (21), the elliptical screw hole (14) and the second screw hole (22); and A locking cap (13) is connected to the proximal end of the intramedullary nail (1).

2. The nail plate-body fixation device for treating distal femoral fractures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intramedullary nail (1) comprises a proximal linear structure (11) and a distal arc-shaped structure (12); The arc angle of the arc structure (12) is 48-52°.

3. The nail plate-body fixation device for treating distal femoral fractures according to claim 2, characterized in that: The arc angle of the arc structure (12) is 50°.

4. The nail plate-in-vivo fixation device for treating distal femoral fractures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The proximal end of the intramedullary nail (1) is provided with two first interlocking locking holes (111).

5. The nail plate-body fixation device for treating distal femoral fractures according to claim 4, characterized in that: The included angles between the two first interlocking locking holes (111) and the line connecting the inner and outer sides are respectively -2° to 2° and 23° to 27°.

6. The nail plate-body fixation device for treating distal femoral fractures according to claim 5, characterized in that: The included angles between the two first interlocking locking holes (111) and the line connecting the inner and outer sides are 0° and 25° respectively.

7. The nail plate-body fixation device for treating distal femoral fractures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distal end of the intramedullary nail (1) is provided with three second interlocking locking holes (121) distributed in a divergent manner.

8. The nail plate-body fixation device for treating distal femoral fractures according to claim 7, characterized in that: The included angles between the three second interlocking locking holes (121) and the line connecting the inner and outer directions are 24 to 28°, -11 to -15° and -16 to -20° respectively.

9. The nail plate-body fixation device for treating distal femoral fractures according to claim 8, characterized in that: The included angles between the three second interlocking locking holes (121) and the line connecting the inner and outer sides are 26°, -13° and -18° respectively.

10. The nail plate-body fixation device for treating distal femoral fractures according to claim 8, characterized in that: The overall length of the intramedullary nail is 135-145 mm and the diameter is 8-10 mm.

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