Relay rated start control circuit
By introducing a current limiting module and a voltage divider module into the relay control circuit, the capacitor charging time is extended and the voltage divider module is short-circuited before charging, and the rating value and power consumption of the voltage after the relay is absorbed is achieved, which solves the problems of excessive temperature of the relay coil and high circuit complexity in the prior art.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421855714.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-01
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-25
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-08-01
AI Technical Summary
The existing relay control circuit cannot effectively reduce coil power consumption after being absorbed, resulting in excessive temperature, affecting performance, and the circuit structure is complex and the production cost is high.
A relay rated start control circuit is designed, including a signal receiving module, a control module and a relay K1. The current limiting module limits the base B current of the transistor Q1, which extends the charging time of the capacitor C1, and the voltage divider is short-circuited before charging. The coil voltage of the relay K1 reaches the rated value. After being absorbed, the voltage is reduced through the voltage divider module to achieve power consumption reduction.
The power consumption of relay K1 is reduced after relay K1 is closed, avoiding the problem of excessive coil temperature, while reducing circuit complexity and production cost.
Smart Images
Figure CN222672907U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of relay control circuits, in particular to a relay rated start control circuit. Background Art
[0002] Relays are a type of switching device that controls strong current with weak current, and are often used in circuits that need to be switched on and off. Since weak current controls strong current, relays mainly contain two functional modules, one is the weak current part, that is, the coil, and the other is the strong current part, that is, the contact. The coil requires a relatively large current when it is attracted, especially for power relays, but the current that needs to be maintained after attraction is relatively small. If the circuit is not processed, the attraction voltage directly acts on the coil, then the coil is prone to heat up, resulting in excessive temperature and affecting performance.
[0003] In the prior art, in order to have a larger current when the switch is pulled in, the designed pull-in voltage is generally greater than or equal to the rated voltage given in the specification before the switch is pulled in. After the switch is pulled in, since the current to maintain the pull-in does not need to be too large, the maintenance voltage is relatively small, and the current size is generally controlled by a MOS tube, such as Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 This is a relay step-down control circuit of the prior art. After the relay is energized, the S level of U36 is pulled down and U36 is disconnected. At this time, the resistor R253 is connected in series with the relay drive coil to divide the voltage, so that the voltage after the relay is energized is reduced, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the power consumption of the coil. However, this solution has a complex circuit structure and a high manufacturing cost. Utility Model Content
[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, a relay rated start control circuit is provided.
[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides a relay rated start control circuit, comprising a signal receiving module, a control module and a relay K1; the signal receiving module has an input end, a first output end and a second output end, the input end of the signal receiving module receives a driving signal, and the second output end of the signal receiving module is grounded; the control module comprises a voltage dividing module, a transistor Q1, an energy storage module and a current limiting module, the relay K1 has a first end, a second end, a third end and a fourth end, the third end of the relay K1 is connected to a power supply voltage, one end of the voltage dividing module is connected to the first output end of the signal receiving module, and the other end thereof is respectively connected to the fourth end of the relay K1 and the collector C of the transistor Q1, the emitter E of the transistor Q1 is respectively connected to the voltage dividing module and the first output end of the signal receiving module, the base B of the transistor Q1 is connected to one end of the energy storage module, and the other end of the energy storage module is respectively connected to the third end of the relay K1 and the power supply voltage, one end of the current limiting module is respectively connected to the base B and the emitter E of the transistor, and the other end thereof is connected to the energy storage module.
[0006] According to one embodiment of the utility model, the signal receiving module includes a resistor R4, a resistor R5 and a transistor Q2; one end of the resistor R4 receives a driving signal, and the other end thereof is connected to the base B of the transistor Q2; one end of the resistor R5 is respectively connected to the base B of the transistor Q2 and the resistor R4, and the other end thereof is connected to the emitter E of the transistor Q2; the collector C of the transistor Q2 is respectively connected to the voltage divider module and the emitter E of the transistor Q1, and the emitter E of the transistor Q2 is grounded.
[0007] According to one embodiment of the present utility model, the control module also includes a resistor R1 and a resistor R2; one end of the resistor R1 is connected to the base B of the transistor Q1, and the other end thereof is connected to the energy storage module; one end of the resistor R2 is connected to the emitter E of the transistor Q1, and the other end thereof is respectively connected to the resistor R1 and the energy storage module.
[0008] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the control module further includes a discharge circuit, and the discharge circuit is connected between the third terminal and the fourth terminal of the relay K1.
[0009] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the discharge circuit includes a diode D1 , an anode of the diode D1 is connected to the fourth terminal of the relay K1 , and a cathode of the diode D1 is connected to the third terminal of the relay K1 .
[0010] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the voltage divider module includes a voltage divider resistor R3, one end of which is connected to the first output end of the signal receiving module, and the other end of which is respectively connected to the fourth end of the relay K1 and the collector C of the transistor Q1.
[0011] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the energy storage module includes a capacitor C1 , one end of the capacitor C1 is respectively connected to the third end of the relay K1 and the supply voltage, and the other end thereof is connected to the base B of the transistor Q1 .
[0012] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the capacitor C1 is a chip capacitor.
[0013] The beneficial effect of the utility model is that the base B current of the transistor Q1 is limited by the current limiting module, so that the base B current of the transistor Q1 is reduced, and the capacitor C1 is charged by a small current, thereby extending the charging time of the capacitor C1, so that the voltage dividing module is short-circuited before the energy storage module is fully charged, so that the power supply voltage is directly loaded on the relay K1, and the voltage of the third and fourth terminals of the relay K1 reaches the rated voltage value of the closure of the relay K1, thereby closing the switch of the relay K1. When the energy storage module is fully charged, the voltage dividing module divides the voltage of the relay K1, so that the voltage of the third and fourth terminals of the relay K1 decreases, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the power consumption of the relay K1 after the relay K1 is closed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0014] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present application and constitute a part of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:
[0015] Figure 1 It is a relay step-down control circuit of the prior art;
[0016] Figure 2 It is the rated start control circuit diagram of the relay in the embodiment.
[0017] Description of Reference Numerals
[0018] 1- signal receiving module; 2- control module; 21- voltage dividing module; 22- energy storage module; 23- current limiting module; 24- discharge circuit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0019] The following will disclose multiple embodiments of the present invention with drawings. For the purpose of clear description, many practical details will be described together in the following description. However, it should be understood that these practical details should not be used to limit the present invention. In other words, in some embodiments of the present invention, these practical details are not necessary. In addition, in order to simplify the drawings, some conventional structures and components will be depicted in a simple schematic manner in the drawings.
[0020] In addition, in the present utility model, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes, and do not specifically refer to the order or sequence, nor are they used to limit the present utility model. They are only used to distinguish components or operations described with the same technical terms, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in this field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present utility model.
[0021] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2The relay rated start control circuit diagram of this embodiment. This embodiment provides a relay rated start control circuit, including a relay K1, a signal receiving module 1 and a control module 2. The signal receiving module 1 has an input end, a first output end and a second output end, wherein the input end of the signal receiving module 1 is used to receive a control signal, and its first output end is connected to the control module 2, and the second input end of the signal receiving module 1 is grounded. The input end of the control module 2 is connected to the first input end of the signal receiving module 1 to receive the signal sent by the signal receiving module 1. At the same time, the control module 2 is connected to the coil of the relay K1. The control module 2 controls the voltage at both ends of the coil of the relay K1 by receiving the signal sent by the signal receiving module 1, so that the voltage at both ends of the coil of the relay K1 decreases after the relay K1 is energized, thereby achieving the effect of reducing the power consumption of the relay K1.
[0022] Specifically, the relay K1 has a first end, a second end, a third end and a fourth end, wherein the first end and the second end are the switch ends of the relay K1, the third end and the fourth end are the coil of the relay K1, the third end and the fourth end of the relay K1 are connected to the control module 2, and the third end of the relay K1 is connected to the 12V power supply voltage.
[0023] The control module 2 includes a voltage divider module 21, a transistor Q1, an energy storage module 22 and a current limiting module 23. One end of the voltage divider module 21 is connected to the first output end of the signal receiving module 1, and the other end thereof is respectively connected to the fourth end of the relay K1 and the collector C of the transistor Q1. The emitter E of the transistor Q1 is respectively connected to the voltage divider module 21 and the first output end of the signal receiving module 1. The base B of the transistor Q1 is connected to one end of the energy storage module 22, and the other end of the energy storage module 22 is respectively connected to the 12V power supply voltage and the third end of the relay K1. One end of the current limiting module 23 is respectively connected to the base B and the emitter E of the transistor Q1, and the other end thereof is connected to the energy storage module. The current limiting module 23 is used to divide the voltage and limit the current of the base B of the transistor Q1, so that the current of the base B of the transistor Q1 is reduced. Thus, the charging time of the energy storage module 22 is extended.
[0024] In this embodiment, the voltage divider module 21 includes a voltage divider resistor R3, one end of which is connected to the first output end of the signal receiving module 1, and the other end of which is respectively connected to the fourth end of the relay K1 and the collector C of the transistor Q1. The energy storage module 22 includes a capacitor C1, one end of which is respectively connected to the third end of the relay K1 and the power supply voltage, and the other end of which is connected to the base B of the transistor Q1.
[0025] In the actual application process, the signal receiving module 1 receives the control signal, the signal receiving module 1 is turned on, and the first output terminal of the signal receiving module 1 sends a low-level signal, so that the emitter E level of the transistor Q1 is pulled down. At this time, the relay K1 has not yet been attracted, the emitter E of the transistor Q1 changes from 12V to 0V, and a voltage drop is generated between the base B and the emitter E of the transistor Q1, so that the emitter E is forward biased. The voltage-dividing resistor R3 is short-circuited by the collector C and the emitter E of the transistor Q1. At this time, the voltage between the third and fourth ends of the relay K1 is approximately equal to the supply voltage 12V, reaching the rated voltage of the closure of the relay K1, so that the relay K1 starts to close. At the same time, the base B of the transistor Q1 charges the capacitor C1 after the current limiting module 23 divides the voltage and limits the current. When the relay K1 is closed for the rated time 15ms, the voltage across the capacitor C1 is about 9.8V. At this time, there is still a 2.2V voltage drop between the base B and the emitter E of the transistor Q1, so that the voltage-dividing resistor R3 remains in a short-circuit state. Until both ends of capacitor C1 are charged to 12V, there is no voltage drop between base B and emitter E of transistor Q1. At this time, transistor Q1 is cut off, voltage divider module 21 works normally, and voltage divider module 21 is connected in series with the fourth end of relay K1 to divide the voltage, so that the voltage after relay K1 is energized decreases.
[0026] Thus, by using the current limiting module 23 to limit the current of the base B of the transistor Q1, the current of the base B of the transistor Q1 is reduced, and the small current of the base B of the transistor Q1 is used to charge the capacitor C1, thereby extending the charging time of the capacitor C1, so that the voltage-dividing resistor R3 will be short-circuited before the capacitor C1 is fully charged. When the voltage-dividing resistor R3 is short-circuited, the 12V power supply voltage is directly loaded on the third and fourth ends of the relay K1, so that the voltage of the third and fourth ends of the relay K1 reaches the rated voltage value of the closure of the relay K1. When the capacitor C1 is fully charged, the voltage-dividing resistor R3 divides the voltage of the relay K1, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the power consumption of the relay K1 after the relay K1 is closed. Moreover, compared with the existing relay K1 step-down control circuit, this scheme adopts a transistor with lower cost to replace the MOS tube, and utilizes the amplification effect of the transistor, that is, the small current of the base of the transistor can control the large current of the collector of the transistor, thereby making the base B current of the transistor Q1 smaller and also making the voltage-dividing resistor R3 between the collector C and the emitter E of the transistor Q1 short-circuited. A current limiting module 23 is set at the base B of the transistor Q1 to limit the current of the base B of the transistor Q1, so that the current of the base B of the transistor Q1 is reduced, thereby extending the charging time of the capacitor C1. The capacitor C1 can adopt a capacitor with a smaller capacitance to replace a capacitor with a large capacitance, thereby reducing costs. In addition, by reducing the number of capacitors and diode components, the scheme simplifies the circuit structure and effectively reduces the manufacturing cost. Preferably, the capacitor C1 is a chip capacitor, which has a lower cost.
[0027] Further, the current limiting module 23 includes a resistor R1 and a resistor R2, one end of the resistor R1 is connected to the base B of the transistor Q1, and the other end thereof is connected to the capacitor C1, one end of the resistor R2 is connected to the emitter E of the transistor Q1, and the other end thereof is connected to the resistor R1 and the capacitor C1, respectively, so that the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 are connected in parallel. The resistor R2 and the resistor R1 are used for current limiting, so that the current of the base B of the transistor Q1 is reduced, thereby slowing down the speed of the capacitor C1. Prevent excessive current from damaging the capacitor C1.
[0028] Specifically, the signal receiving module 1 includes a resistor R4, a resistor R5 and a transistor Q2. One end of the resistor R4 receives the control signal, and the other end thereof is connected to the base B of the transistor Q2. One end of the resistor R5 is respectively connected to the resistor R4 and the base B of the transistor Q2, and the other end thereof is connected to the emitter E of the transistor Q2. The collector C of the transistor Q2 is respectively connected to the voltage-dividing resistor R3 and the emitter E of the transistor Q1, and the emitter E of the transistor Q2 is grounded. The resistor R4 is the driving resistor of the transistor Q2, and the resistor R5 is the discharge resistor of the base B of the transistor Q2. When the control signal is sent to the signal receiving module 1, the base B of the transistor Q2 is at a high level, at which time the transistor Q2 is turned on, and the level of the collector C of the transistor Q2 is pulled down, thereby making the emitter E of the transistor Q1 at a low level.
[0029] In addition, the control module 2 further includes a discharge circuit 24 , which is connected between the third terminal and the fourth terminal of the relay K1 and is used to discharge the energy stored in the coil of the relay K1 .
[0030] The discharge circuit 24 includes a diode D1, the anode of the diode D1 is connected to the fourth terminal of the relay K1, and the cathode of the diode D1 is connected to the third terminal of the relay K1. When the relay K1 loses power and the switch is disconnected, the two ends of the coil form a loop through the diode D1, so that the energy stored in the coil of the relay K1 is released, thereby preventing the coil from suddenly losing power and causing a large voltage at both ends to damage the relay K1.
[0031] In summary, by using the current limiting module 23 to limit the current of the base B of the transistor Q1, the base B of the transistor Q1 charges the capacitor C1 with a small current, thereby delaying the charging time of the capacitor C1, so that the voltage-dividing resistor R3 is short-circuited before the capacitor C1 is fully charged, so that the power supply voltage is directly loaded on the relay K1, so that the voltage at the third and fourth terminals of the relay K1 reaches the rated voltage value of the closing of the relay K1. When the capacitor C1 is fully charged, the voltage-dividing resistor R3 divides the voltage of the relay K1, so that the voltage at the third and fourth terminals of the relay K1 drops, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the power consumption of the relay K1 after the relay K1 is closed.
[0032] The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A relay rated start control circuit, characterized in that: include: A signal receiving module (1), a control module (2) and a relay K1; the signal receiving module (1) has an input end, a first output end and a second output end, the input end of the signal receiving module (1) receives a driving signal, and the second output end of the signal receiving module (1) is grounded; the control module (2) comprises a voltage divider module (21), a transistor Q1, an energy storage module (22) and a current limiting module (23); the relay K1 has a first end, a second end, a third end and a fourth end, the third end of the relay K1 is connected to a power supply voltage, one end of the voltage divider module (21) is connected to the signal receiving module The first output end of the module (1) and the other end thereof are respectively connected to the fourth end of the relay K1 and the collector C of the transistor Q1; the emitter E of the transistor Q1 is respectively connected to the voltage divider module (21) and the first output end of the signal receiving module (1); the base B of the transistor Q1 is connected to one end of the energy storage module (22); the other end of the energy storage module (22) is respectively connected to the third end of the relay K1 and the supply voltage; one end of the current limiting module (23) is respectively connected to the base B and the emitter E of the transistor Q1; and the other end thereof is connected to the energy storage module (22).
2. The relay rated start control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal receiving module (1) comprises a resistor R4, a resistor R5 and a transistor Q2; one end of the resistor R4 receives a driving signal, and the other end thereof is connected to a base B of the transistor Q2; one end of the resistor R5 is respectively connected to the base B of the transistor Q2 and the resistor R4, and the other end thereof is connected to an emitter E of the transistor Q2; a collector C of the transistor Q2 is respectively connected to the voltage dividing module (21) and the emitter E of the transistor Q1, and the emitter E of the transistor Q2 is grounded.
3. The relay rated start control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The current limiting module (23) comprises a resistor R1 and a resistor R2, one end of the resistor R1 is connected to the base B of the transistor Q1, and the other end thereof is connected to the energy storage module (22); one end of the resistor R2 is connected to the emitter E of the transistor Q1, and the other end thereof is respectively connected to the resistor R1 and the energy storage module (22).
4. The relay rated start control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control module (2) further comprises a discharge circuit (24), wherein the discharge circuit (24) is connected between the third end and the fourth end of the relay K1.
5. The relay rated start control circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The discharge circuit (24) comprises a diode D1, an anode of the diode D1 is connected to the fourth end of the relay K1, and a cathode of the diode D1 is connected to the third end of the relay K1.
6. The relay rated start control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voltage dividing module (21) comprises a voltage dividing resistor R3, one end of which is connected to the first output end of the signal receiving module (1), and the other end of which is respectively connected to the fourth end of the relay K1 and the collector C of the transistor Q1.
7. The relay rated start control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy storage module (22) comprises a capacitor C1, one end of which is respectively connected to the third end of the relay K1 and the supply voltage, and the other end of which is connected to the base B of the transistor Q1.
8. The relay rated start control circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that: The capacitor C1 is a chip capacitor.