Grading positioning mechanism

Abstract

The utility model relates to a grading positioning mechanism. The grading positioning mechanism comprises a lead screw part which is vertically and rotatably arranged and a nut assembly which is arranged on the lead screw part in a lifting mode. The nut assembly comprises a nut piece and a flange plate arranged above the nut piece in a separated mode. The nut piece is connected with a cross beam part; the cross beam part is matched with a mechanical positioning part; the mechanical positioning part adopts fixed segmentation; a plurality of clamping grooves are formed in the mechanical positioning part in sections; the clamping groove is matched with a travel switch; the device is reasonable in design, compact in structure and convenient to use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a grading and positioning mechanism. Background Art

[0002] The existing moving crossbeam positioning mechanism realizes the lifting and positioning of the crossbeam by means of a common motor, a worm and worm gear reducer and a trapezoidal lead screw. The defects are as follows: 1. The double-motor lifting cannot be accurately synchronized; 2. The reverse clearances of the worm and worm gear reducers are inconsistent; 3. The accuracy of the trapezoidal lead screw cannot meet the positioning accuracy of the machine tool. Under the combined influence of the inconsistent reverse clearances of the worm and worm gear reducers and the inability of the trapezoidal lead screw accuracy to meet the positioning accuracy of the machine tool, even if the inaccurate synchronization of the double-motor lifting is replaced with a servo motor to synchronize the two lifting motors, the requirement for the parallelism of the crossbeam of the positioning accuracy of the machine tool cannot be met. Content of the Utility Model

[0003] Generally speaking, the technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a grading and positioning mechanism. This mechanism can be directly applied to the moving crossbeam lifting and positioning function of a vertical lathe and a vertical turning and milling machine tool, so that the Z-axis has an adjustable machining space. By using the grading and positioning mechanism with this structure, the same accuracy as that of a fixed crossbeam machine tool can be obtained, and the lifting motor can be controlled at low cost, solving the pain points of poor accuracy and inability to accurately position of the traditional structure, and realizing accurate descent.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is as follows:

[0005] A grading and positioning mechanism includes a lead screw part rotatably arranged vertically and a nut component arranged to move up and down on the lead screw part;

[0006] The nut component includes a nut part and a flange plate separately arranged above the nut part;

[0007] The flange plate is connected with a crossbeam part;

[0008] The crossbeam part is equipped with a mechanical positioning part;

[0009] The mechanical positioning part adopts a fixed type in sections;

[0010] A number of clamping grooves are arranged in sections on the mechanical positioning part; the clamping grooves are equipped with travel switches;

[0011] An electromagnetic induction switch is connected to the flange plate;

[0012] An induction component is connected between the flange plate and the nut part;

[0013] A clamping component corresponding to the mechanical positioning part is arranged on the nut part or the crossbeam part;

[0014] The clamping component corresponds to the mechanical positioning part to limit the lifting position of the crossbeam part.

[0015] As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

[0016] There are at least two lead screw parts arranged in parallel.

[0017] The lead screw part is drivingly connected to a reduction steering gear;

[0018] The reduction steering gear is drivingly connected to a transverse rotating shaft;

[0019] The transverse rotating shaft is drivingly connected to a main drive motor through a bevel gear commutator;

[0020] The electromagnetic induction switch and the travel switch are electrically connected to the main drive motor through a circuit to control the start and stop of the main drive motor.

[0021] The lead screw part is a trapezoidal lead screw.

[0022] The clamping component includes a housing and a piston rod horizontally arranged on the housing;

[0023] A clamping expansion pin and a hydraulic cylinder limit switch are respectively arranged at both ends of the piston rod.

[0024] The clamping component adopts a hydraulic cylinder;

[0025] The clamping expansion pin adopts a positioning cylindrical pin.

[0026] A positioning block is arranged on the step at the lower end of the clamping groove.

[0027] At least starting from the second clamping groove, an upper inclined surface is arranged at the upper end of the clamping groove.

[0028] The utility model has reasonable design, low cost, firmness, durability, safety, reliability, simple operation, time and labor saving, capital saving, compact structure and convenient use. The common motor of the utility model has a lower cost than the servo motor and a higher obtained precision. The precision difference during the up and down lifting process of the cross beam of the utility model does not affect the final cross beam positioning precision. The irregular wear of the trapezoidal lead screw of the utility model over the years does not affect the parallelism of the cross beam. The positioning precision of the moving cross beam of the utility model is the same as that of the fixed cross beam and remains unchanged throughout the service life cycle. The electrical control of the utility model is simple and practical, and the maintenance cost is low. Description of the Drawings

[0029] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the use of the utility model.

[0030] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the nut assembly of the utility model.

[0031] Wherein: 1. Main drive motor; 2. Bevel gear commutator; 3. Lateral rotating shaft; 4. Reduction steering gear; 5. Cross beam part; 6. Lead screw part; 7. Nut assembly; 8. Electromagnetic induction switch; 9. Mechanical positioning part; 10. Clamping groove; 11. Upper inclined plane; 12. Positioning block; 13. Travel switch; 14. Flange; 15. Induction component; 16. Nut part; 17. Clamping component; 18. Clamping telescopic pin; 19. Hydraulic cylinder limit switch. Detailed implementation mode

[0032] Such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the hierarchical positioning mechanism of this embodiment includes a lead screw part 6 that rotates vertically and a nut assembly 7 that moves up and down on the lead screw part 6;

[0033] Wherein Figure 1 is a combined drawing, showing the enlarged structure of the mechanical positioning part and the hydraulic schematic diagram.

[0034] The nut assembly 7 includes a nut part 16 and a flange 14 separately arranged above the nut part 16; it can be in the shape of a circle or a rhombus, etc.

[0035] The flange 14 is connected with a cross beam part 5 to realize workpiece connection; the nut part 16 is not connected with the cross beam part 5.

[0036] The cross beam part 5 is equipped with a mechanical positioning part 9; to realize physical positioning of fixed dimensions.

[0037] The mechanical positioning part 9 adopts a fixed type in sections; to realize sectional fixed distance.

[0038] A number of clamping grooves 10 are arranged in sections on the mechanical positioning part 9; the clamping grooves 10 are equipped with travel switches 13; an electromagnetic induction switch 8 is connected to the flange 14; clamping is realized, and at the same time, electrical signal feedback is realized.

[0039] An induction component 15 is connected between the flange 14 and the nut part 16; preferably an electromagnetic structure.

[0040] A clamping component 17 corresponding to the mechanical positioning part 9 is arranged on the nut part 16 or the cross beam part 5; it can be in the form of electromagnetic expansion, mechanical expansion or hydraulic expansion, etc.

[0041] The clamping component 17 corresponds to the mechanical positioning part 9 to limit the lifting position of the cross beam part 5.

[0042] There are at least two lead screw parts 6 arranged in parallel, and they adopt two structures, with balanced force and stable structure.

[0043] The lead screw part 6 is drivingly connected to a reduction steering gear 4; the reduction steering gear 4 is drivingly connected to a transverse rotating shaft 3; the transverse rotating shaft 3 is drivingly connected to a main drive motor 1 through a bevel gear commutator 2 to achieve speed reduction and direction change, which are conventional components.

[0044] The electromagnetic induction switch 8 and the travel switch 13 are electrically connected to the main drive motor 1 through a circuit to control the start and stop of the main drive motor 1 and achieve circuit control.

[0045] The lead screw part 6 is a trapezoidal screw to achieve smooth force transmission.

[0046] Preferably, the clamping component 17 includes a housing and a piston rod horizontally arranged on the housing;

[0047] A clamping telescopic pin 18 and a hydraulic cylinder limit switch 19 are respectively arranged at both ends of the piston rod.

[0048] The clamping component 17 uses a hydraulic cylinder; the clamping telescopic pin 18 uses a positioning cylindrical pin.

[0049] A positioning block 12 is arranged on the step at the lower end of the clamping groove 10.

[0050] Starting from at least the second clamping groove 10, an upper inclined surface 11 is arranged at the upper end of the clamping groove 10 to achieve smooth entry into the clamping groove.

[0051] In a specific application, an ordinary motor is used to connect two worm and worm gear reducers through a bevel gear commutator; the worm and worm gear reducer is directly connected to a trapezoidal screw lifting device; the nut of the trapezoidal screw is connected to the moving crossbeam of the machine tool, and the nut has a special structure; the crossbeam positioning adopts a fixed segmented mechanical positioning, which is called hierarchical positioning; at each level of mechanical positioning position, a travel switch is installed to provide an electrical signal to distinguish different hierarchical positions; through the cooperation of the nut and mechanical positioning, an electromagnetic induction switch is installed thereon to provide a motor stop signal; on each level of mechanical positioning, a positioning block that can be ground to adjust the size is installed, and the thickness of the cushion block is precisely ground through manual measurement to adjust the parallelism of the crossbeam; after the hierarchical positioning adjustment of the crossbeam is completed, all dimensional accuracies and position accuracies are fixed and are no longer affected by the up and down movement of the crossbeam.

[0052] Detailed parameters of the technical solution of this embodiment: 1. Trapezoidal screw specification Tr60x8, load 5000 kg. 2. Screw pitch accuracy ±0.02 mm per 1000 mm. 3. Total reduction ratio 32. 4. Lifting speed 410 mm / min. 5. Motor power 5.5 kw. 6. Hierarchical positioning is 200 mm per level, with a total of 3 levels and a stroke of 600 mm.

[0053] The nut adopts a split structure. When the beam is positioned, the nut can be separated from the flange. When the positioning hydraulic cylinder on the beam drives the positioning cylindrical pin to extend and position, the screw part continues to rotate, driving the beam to move downward; when the positioning cylindrical pin 18 of the beam contacts the positioning block 12 of the graded positioning, the beam stops moving, the screw part 6 continues to rotate, and the nut 16 continues to move downward under the spiral force of the screw 6. Figure 2 As shown in the nut structure, the top flange 14 is integrated with the crossbeam and is stationary together with the crossbeam. The center split nut 16 will be separated from the flange 14 under the action of the spiral force of the screw 6. When the separation distance is greater than 8mm, the electromagnetic induction switch cannot detect the split nut 16, and sends a signal indicating that the screw rotation movement ends and the motor stops.

[0054] The hydraulic cylinder drives the positioning cylindrical pin to extend and position, and the beam moves after retracting. 9. Each level of graded positioning is debugged separately to make the beam parallelism reach 0.01mm per meter and the full stroke parallelism reach 0.02mm.

[0055] Gradual positioning process: When the height of the Z-axis beam needs to be changed, ①. The motor first performs a rotational motion to lift the beam, ②. The nut moves upward driven by the motor, ③. When the nut contacts the flange, the electromagnetic induction switch is triggered, the electromagnetic induction switch sends a signal, and the motor stops rotating after a delay of 0.5 seconds. At this time, the hydraulic cylinder locating pin and the mechanical positioning are separated, ④. The hydraulic cylinder extends, driving the locating pin to retract and disengage from the mechanical positioning, ⑤. The hydraulic cylinder limit switch is triggered and sends a signal to the motor, the motor reverses, and the beam descends, ⑥. When the beam descends to contact the next position stroke switch of the beam, the beam stroke switch is activated and the motor stops rotating, ⑦ The hydraulic cylinder retracts and drives the locating pin to extend, the hydraulic cylinder limit switch is activated, the motor starts again, and drives the beam to continue to descend, ⑧ After the locating pin contacts the mechanical positioning, the motor continues to rotate, driving the trapezoidal nut to continue to descend, ⑨ Because the nut can be separated from the flange, when the separation distance is greater than 9mm, the nut detection limit switch gives a signal and the motor stops. ⑩ When the position of the beam needs to be changed again, repeat steps ① to ⑨; the rising and falling actions of the beam are the same.

[0056] The present invention is fully described for a clearer disclosure, and the prior art will not be listed one by one.

[0057] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features; it is obvious for those skilled in the art to combine multiple technical solutions of the present invention. And these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. The technical content not described in detail in the present invention is all well-known technology.

Claims

1. A hierarchical positioning mechanism, characterized in that: It comprises a screw rod part (6) arranged to rotate vertically and a screw nut assembly (7) arranged to rise and fall on the screw rod part (6); The nut assembly (7) comprises a nut member (16) and a flange (14) separately arranged above the nut member (16); The flange (14) is connected with the cross beam (5); The cross beam part (5) is equipped with a mechanical positioning part (9); The mechanical positioning part (9) adopts fixed segmentation; A plurality of clamping grooves (10) are arranged in sections on the mechanical positioning part (9); the clamping grooves (10) are equipped with travel switches (13); An electromagnetic induction switch (8) is connected to the flange (14); An induction component (15) is connected between the flange (14) and the nut (16); A locking assembly (17) corresponding to the mechanical positioning portion (9) is provided on the nut member (16) or the crossbeam portion (5); The positioning assembly (17) corresponds to the mechanical positioning portion (9) and limits the lifting position of the beam portion (5).

2. The hierarchical positioning mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are at least two screw rod parts (6) which are arranged in parallel.

3. The hierarchical positioning mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screw rod part (6) is transmission-connected with a speed reducing direction machine (4); The speed reduction steering machine (4) is drivingly connected to the transverse rotating shaft (3); The transverse rotating shaft (3) is connected to a main driving motor (1) via a bevel gear commutator (2); The electromagnetic induction switch (8) and the travel switch (13) are electrically connected to the main drive motor (1) through a circuit to control the start and stop of the main drive motor (1).

4. The hierarchical positioning mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lead screw part (6) is a trapezoidal lead screw.

5. The hierarchical positioning mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking assembly (17) comprises a housing and a piston rod transversely arranged on the housing; A locking telescopic pin (18) and a hydraulic cylinder limit switch (19) are respectively arranged at both ends of the piston rod.

6. The hierarchical positioning mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The clamping assembly (17) adopts a hydraulic cylinder; The positioning telescopic pin (18) adopts a positioning cylindrical pin.

7. The hierarchical positioning mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A positioning block (12) is provided on the step at the lower end of the positioning groove (10).

8. The hierarchical positioning mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least starting from the second locking groove (10), an upper inclined surface (11) is provided at the upper end of the locking groove (10).

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