Anti-blocking respirator, electric wheel anti-blocking ventilation system and engineering vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses an anti-blocking respirator, an electric wheel anti-blocking ventilation system and an engineering vehicle. The anti-blocking respirator comprises a base, a hollow shell and a multi-stage dust filter screen assembly. The base is provided with a center connecting hole used for being connected with a connecting pipe. The shell covers the base, the shell and the base are fixed together through a detachable part, and a gap is reserved between the shell and the base and used for communicating an inner cavity of the shell with outside air; the multi-stage dust filter screen assembly is assembled in the shell and located between the gap and the center connecting hole, so that when the anti-blocking respirator exhales or inhales, gas flowing between the gap and the center connecting hole is subjected to dust filtering through the multi-stage dust filter screen assembly. The anti-blocking respirator is simple in structure, has a multi-layer filtering function, can effectively filter dust and water vapor in air, prevents the respirator from being blocked, and avoids the oil leakage phenomenon of the electric wheel caused by high temperature and high pressure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to an anti-blocking breather, an anti-blocking air exchange system for an electric wheel and an engineering vehicle, belonging to the technical field of engineering vehicles. Background Art

[0002] The double-bridge heavy-duty mining truck is driven by electric wheels on both sides of the wheels. During the long-term operation of the electric wheels, the high-speed meshing of the internal transmission components causes high temperature and high pressure inside. The electric wheels exchange heat with the outside air through connecting pipes and breathers. The existing technical solutions for the breather device of the heavy-duty mining truck electric wheel are as Figure 1 shown. The rear wheel of the heavy-duty mining truck is driven by an electric wheel 100. The electric wheel 100 is located inside the rear axle housing 300. The electric wheel 100 is connected to a breather 500 through a hose 200 and a rigid connecting pipe 400. During the long-term high-load operation of the electric wheel 100, it is necessary to ventilate and exchange heat with the outside space to maintain internal stability. The temperature difference between day and night in the operating environment of the mining truck is large, the humidity changes significantly, and the dust is serious. At present, the structure and function of the breather 500 are single, and it can only simply filter part of the dust and cannot meet the use requirements. The moisture in the air around the breather 500 liquefies into water droplets, and at the same time, a small amount of dust easily enters the breather, which is likely to cause blockage of the inside of the breather 500 and the connecting pipeline. After the respiratory system of the electric wheel 100 is blocked, the long-term high temperature and high pressure cause the rubber ring inside the electric wheel to deform and age, resulting in oil leakage of the electric wheel and causing major economic losses. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model provides an anti-blocking breather and an anti-blocking air exchange system for an electric wheel, which have the advantages of simple structure, strong applicability and durability.

[0004] The utility model is realized according to the following technical solutions:

[0005] In a first aspect, the utility model provides an anti-blocking breather, comprising:

[0006] A base provided with a central connection hole for connecting with a connecting pipe;

[0007] A hollow outer shell covering the base and fixed together with the base through detachable parts. There is a gap between the outer shell and the base for connecting the inner chamber of the outer shell with the outside air;

[0008] A multi-stage dust filter screen assembly assembled in the outer shell and located between the gap and the central connection hole, so that when the anti-blocking breather exhales or inhales, the gas flowing between the gap and the central connection hole has to pass through the multi-stage dust filter screen assembly for dust filtration.

[0009] In some embodiments, a dehumidifying component capable of absorbing moisture in the air is provided in the multi-stage dust filter assembly.

[0010] In some embodiments, the dehumidifying component is a plurality of water-absorbing silica gel balls, which are filled between two adjacent filters in the multi-stage dust filter assembly.

[0011] In some embodiments, a heating component for drying the dehumidifying component is further provided in the multi-stage dust filter assembly.

[0012] In some embodiments, the heating component is an electric heating sheet, which is attached to the inner wall of the innermost filter in the multi-stage dust filter assembly. After being energized to generate heat, it is used to dry the moisture in the dehumidifying component, so that the dehumidifying component can be reused.

[0013] In some embodiments, a plurality of heating holes are evenly distributed on the electric heating sheet, and the hole positions of the plurality of heating holes are the same as the hole positions of the filtering holes evenly distributed on the innermost filter, so as to prevent the electric heating sheet from being blocked.

[0014] In some embodiments, the multi-stage dust filter assembly is composed of at least two dust filters with a cylindrical structure nested together.

[0015] In some embodiments, at least two dust filters are pressed on the base with their openings facing the base, and the diameter of the innermost dust filter is not less than the diameter of the central connection hole, and their central axes coincide.

[0016] In some embodiments, the cross-section of the filtering holes evenly distributed on the outermost dust filter is conical, and the aperture of the filtering holes is larger near the outer side and smaller near the inner side, which can filter large-particle dust in the air.

[0017] In some embodiments, a circular groove is provided on the top surface of the base along the periphery of the central connection hole, and the bottom of the multi-stage dust filter assembly is clamped in the groove; a convex arc-shaped inner top with a low central area and a high outer periphery is provided in the inner cavity of the housing above the multi-stage dust filter assembly; a convex block is provided vertically downward in the central area of the convex arc-shaped inner top, and a concave block is provided in the central area of the top surface of the multi-stage dust filter assembly. After the housing and the base are fixed, the convex block and the concave block are inserted together, thereby fixing the multi-stage dust filter assembly between the housing and the base.

[0018] In some embodiments, a ventilation fan with a forward and reverse rotation function is installed in the central connection hole of the base to increase the flow rate of gas in the multi-stage dust filter assembly.

[0019] In some embodiments, a plurality of upper connecting seats with axial through holes are evenly distributed along the entire circumference on the outer circumferential surface of the housing near the bottom surface. A plurality of lower connecting seats corresponding to the upper connecting seats one by one and having axial threaded holes are provided on the base. A plurality of bolts respectively pass through the through holes and are tightened in the threaded holes to fasten the upper and lower connecting seats.

[0020] In a second aspect, the present utility model provides an anti-blocking ventilation and gas exchange system for an electric wheel, comprising:

[0021] An electric wheel, fixed inside the rear axle housing;

[0022] An electromagnetic reversing valve located inside the rear axle housing, whose first port is communicated with the electric wheel through a first connecting pipe;

[0023] The above-mentioned anti-blocking breather located outside the rear axle housing, and the central connecting hole on its base is communicated with the second port of the electromagnetic reversing valve through a second connecting pipe;

[0024] A ventilation pipe inside the axle housing, which is communicated with the third port of the electromagnetic reversing valve. By reversing the electromagnetic reversing valve, the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe can be conducted, or the ventilation pipe inside the axle housing and the second connecting pipe can be conducted.

[0025] In a third aspect, the present utility model provides an engineering vehicle, which is equipped with the above-mentioned anti-blocking breather; or, is equipped with the above-mentioned anti-blocking ventilation and gas exchange system for an electric wheel.

[0026] Advantages of the present utility model:

[0027] 1. The anti-blocking breather has a simple structure and a multi-layer filtering function, can effectively filter dust and water vapor in the air, prevent the blockage of the breather, and avoid the oil leakage phenomenon of the electric wheel caused by high temperature and high pressure.

[0028] 2. The anti-blocking breather realizes self-cleaning of the breather by drying the water-absorbing silica gel balls inside and cleaning the dust, realizes the reuse of the breather, and prolongs the service life of the breather.

[0029] 3. The working state switching of the electric wheel ventilation and gas exchange system is simple and has strong reliability. Under normal conditions, the ventilation fan inside the anti-blocking breather assists the electric wheel to breathe, enhancing the heat exchange efficiency of the electric wheel respiratory system. In the self-cleaning state, the ventilation fan assists the silicone rubber heating sheet to dry the water-absorbing silica gel balls, and the state is switched through the electromagnetic reversing valve. Description of the Drawings

[0030] The accompanying drawings, as part of the present utility model, are used to provide a further understanding of the present utility model. The schematic embodiments and descriptions thereof of the present utility model are used to explain the present utility model, but do not constitute an improper limitation to the present utility model. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0031] In the accompanying drawings:

[0032] Figure 1 is a structural diagram of an electric wheel ventilation system of the prior art;

[0033] Description of the accompanying drawings: 100 - electric wheel; 200 - hose; 300 - rear axle housing; 400 - rigid connecting pipe; 500 - breather.

[0034] Figure 2 is a structural diagram of the anti-blocking ventilation system of the electric wheel of the present utility model;

[0035] Figure 3 is an external structural diagram of the anti-blocking breather of the present utility model;

[0036] Figure 4 is a sectional view of the anti-blocking breather of the present utility model;

[0037] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the working state 1 of the anti-blocking ventilation system of the electric wheel of the present utility model;

[0038] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the working state 2 of the anti-blocking ventilation system of the electric wheel of the present utility model.

[0039] Reference signs in the accompanying drawings: 1 - electric wheel; 2 - hose; 3 - rear axle housing; 4 - electromagnetic reversing valve; 5 - ventilation pipe inside the axle housing; 6 - anti-blocking breather; 7 - rigid connecting pipe; 6.1 - base; 6.2 - ventilation fan; 6.3 - outer shell; 6.4 - primary dust filter screen; 6.5 - water-absorbing silica gel balls; 6.6 - secondary dust filter screen; 6.7 - silicone rubber heating sheet; 6.8 - bolt.

[0040] It should be noted that these accompanying drawings and text descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept of the present utility model in any way, but to illustrate the concept of the present utility model to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. Detailed implementation manners

[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present utility model clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present utility model, but are not used to limit the scope of the present utility model.

[0042] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model.

[0043] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installation", "connection", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0044] As Figure 2 shown, an anti-blocking ventilation and gas exchange system for an electric wheel includes an electric wheel 1, an electromagnetic reversing valve 4, an anti-blocking breather 6, a first connecting pipe, a second connecting pipe, and an in-bridge housing ventilation pipe 5; the electric wheel 1 is fixed inside the rear axle housing 3; the electromagnetic reversing valve 4 is located inside the rear axle housing 3, and the first port of the electromagnetic reversing valve 4 is connected to the electric wheel 1 through the first connecting pipe; the anti-blocking breather 6 is located outside the rear axle housing 3, and the central connection hole on the base of the anti-blocking breather 6 is connected to the second port of the electromagnetic reversing valve 4 through the second connecting pipe; the in-bridge housing ventilation pipe 5 is connected to the third port of the electromagnetic reversing valve 4, and by reversing the electromagnetic reversing valve 4, the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe can be made conductive or the in-bridge housing ventilation pipe 5 and the second connecting pipe can be made conductive.

[0045] In a further solution, the first connecting pipe uses a flexible pipe 2, the second connecting pipe uses a rigid connecting pipe 7, the connection port of the anti-blocking breather 6 is threadedly connected to the rigid connecting pipe 7, the rear axle housing 3 is provided with an opening for the rigid connecting pipe 7 to pass through, the flexible pipe 2 is connected to the electric wheel 1, and the height of the liquid level of the cooling lubricating oil inside the electric wheel 1 is lower than the height of the flexible pipe 2 by a certain distance. The anti-blocking breather 6 has the function of filtering air dust and water vapor, can effectively solve the blockage problem, and effectively reduce the phenomenon of high temperature and oil leakage of the electric wheel 1 caused by poor gas exchange.

[0046] The following further describes the specific structure of the above anti-blocking breather.

[0047] As Figure 3 、 Figure 4As shown in the figure, an anti-blocking respirator includes a base 6.1, a hollow outer shell 6.3, and a multi-stage dust filter assembly. The base 6.1 is provided with a central connection hole for connecting to a connecting pipe. The outer shell 6.3 covers the base 6.1, and the two are fixed together by a detachable component. There is a gap between the outer shell 6.3 and the base 6.1 for connecting the inner chamber of the outer shell 6.3 to the outside air. The multi-stage dust filter assembly is assembled in the outer shell 6.3 and is located between the gap and the central connection hole, so that when the anti-blocking respirator 6 exhales or inhales, the gas flowing between the gap and the central connection hole has to pass through the multi-stage dust filter assembly for dust filtration.

[0048] Further, as Figure 4 shown, a dehumidifying component capable of absorbing moisture in the air is provided in the multi-stage dust filter assembly.

[0049] Preferably, continuing to refer to Figure 4 shown, the dehumidifying component is a plurality of water-absorbing silica gel balls 6.5, which are filled between two adjacent filters in the multi-stage dust filter assembly.

[0050] Further, as Figure 4 shown, a heating component for drying the dehumidifying component is also provided in the multi-stage dust filter assembly.

[0051] Preferably, continuing to refer to Figure 4 shown, the heating component is an electric heating sheet, which is attached to the inner wall of the innermost filter in the multi-stage dust filter assembly. After being energized to generate heat, it is used to dry the moisture in the dehumidifying component, so that the dehumidifying component can be reused.

[0052] Preferably, continuing to refer to Figure 4 shown, a plurality of heating holes are evenly distributed on the electric heating sheet, and the hole positions of the plurality of heating holes are the same as the hole positions of the filter holes evenly distributed on the innermost filter, for preventing the electric heating sheet from being blocked.

[0053] The above multi-stage dust filter assembly is further described below.

[0054] As Figure 4 shown, the multi-stage dust filter assembly is composed of at least two cylindrical dust filters nested together. The openings of at least two dust filters are pressed on the base 6.1 in a manner facing the base 6.1, and the diameter of the innermost dust filter is not less than the diameter of the central connection hole, and their central axes coincide.

[0055] Further, as Figure 4 shown, the cross-section of the filter holes evenly distributed on the outermost dust filter is conical, and the diameter of the filter holes is larger on the outer side and smaller on the inner side, which can filter large-particle dust in the air.

[0056] The connection method of the above-mentioned multi-stage dust filter component will be further described below.

[0057] As Figure 4 shown, a circular groove is provided on the top surface of the base 6.1 along the periphery of the central connection hole, and the bottom of the multi-stage dust filter component is snap-fitted into the groove; a convex arc-shaped inner top with a low central area and a high outer periphery is provided in the inner cavity of the housing 6.3 above the multi-stage dust filter component; a vertical downward convex block is provided in the central area of the convex arc-shaped inner top, and a concave block is provided in the central area of the top surface of the multi-stage dust filter component. After the housing 6.3 and the base 6.1 are fixed, the convex block and the concave block are inserted together, thereby fixing the multi-stage dust filter component between the housing 6.3 and the base 6.1.

[0058] A further solution is, as Figure 4 shown, an air exchange fan 6.2 with forward and reverse functions is installed in the central connection hole of the base 6.1 to increase the flow rate of gas in the multi-stage dust filter component.

[0059] The connection method of the above-mentioned housing and the base will be further described below.

[0060] As Figure 3 , Figure 4 shown, a plurality of upper connection seats with axial through holes are evenly distributed along the entire circumference near the bottom surface of the outer peripheral surface of the housing 6.3, and a plurality of lower connection seats corresponding to the upper connection seats one by one and having axial threaded holes are provided on the base 6.1. A plurality of bolts 6.8 pass through the through holes and are tightened in the threaded holes to fasten the upper and lower connection seats.

[0061] The structure of the above-mentioned anti-blocking respirator will be described in detail below in combination with a preferred embodiment.

[0062] Continue to refer to Figure 4As shown in the figure, the seat 6.1 is provided with a central connection hole for connecting with the rigid connection pipe 7. A ventilation fan 6.2 is arranged in the central connection hole. The multi-stage dust filter assembly is composed of a primary dust filter 6.4 and a secondary dust filter 6.6 nested together. The secondary dust filter 6.6 has the characteristics of a porous thin wall, is made of copper, and has good thermal conductivity. A silicone rubber heating sheet 6.7 is attached to the inner wall of the secondary dust filter 6.6. The hole positions on the silicone rubber heating sheet 6.7 are arranged the same as the hole distribution on the secondary dust filter 6.6 to prevent the silicone rubber heating sheet 6.7 from being blocked. Filter holes are evenly arranged on the primary dust filter 6.4. The cross-section of the filter holes is conical, with a larger aperture near the outside and a smaller aperture inside, which can filter large-particle dust in the air. The gap between the primary dust filter 6.4 and the secondary dust filter 6.6 is filled with a number of water-absorbing silica gel balls 6.5. The primary dust filter 6.4 and the secondary dust filter 6.6 are placed in the groove of the base 6.1, and the outer shell 6.3 presses the primary dust filter 6.4. The base and the outer shell are connected by a number of bolts 6.8, so as to achieve the purpose of limiting the internal components of the anti-blocking respirator.

[0063] It should be noted that the anti-blocking respirator 6 has two states, namely inhalation and exhalation, and the working principle will be described from the above two states respectively. When the anti-blocking respirator 6 is in the inhalation state, the external air enters the inner cavity of the anti-blocking respirator 6 from the gap between the outer shell 6.3 and the base 6.1. The outer shell 6.3 can filter a small part of the dust in the air. The air inside the respirator cavity passes through the filter holes on the primary dust filter 6.4 and enters the water-absorbing silica gel balls 6.5 filled. The pores on the primary dust filter 6.4 can filter the vast majority of the dust. The air passes through the gaps between the water-absorbing silica gel balls 6.5, and the moisture filtered into the air finally passes through the secondary dust filter 6.6 to reach the ventilation cavity. The anti-blocking respirator effectively filters the dust and water vapor in the air and effectively solves the problem of respirator blockage. When the anti-blocking respirator 6 is in the exhalation state, the exhaled gas is opposite to the intake state. The water-absorbing silica gel balls 6.5 inside the anti-blocking respirator 6 can be reused. Only by heating the water-absorbing silica gel balls and drying the moisture inside can the above functions be realized. At the same time, increasing the pressure inside the anti-blocking respirator cavity can remove the dust inside the respirator and discharge it to the outside, realizing the self-cleaning and reusable function of the anti-blocking respirator.

[0064] The working process of the above-mentioned electric wheel anti-blocking ventilation system is given below.

[0065] When the electric wheel is working normally, the gas flow direction of the electric wheel ventilation system is as Figure 5As shown, at this time, the electromagnetic directional valve is in the normal state, and the pipeline 3 (i.e., the ventilation pipe inside the axle housing) is default closed. The gas generated in the housing of the electric wheel 1 passes through the pipeline 1 (i.e., the hose 2) and the pipeline 2 (i.e., the rigid connecting pipe 7), and directly leads to the anti-blocking breather and is discharged to the outside. The inhalation process is the opposite. The vast majority of the electric wheel ventilation systems are in this state. In this state, the ventilation fan rotates forward and backward regularly to assist the respiratory system of the electric wheel to work.

[0066] When the vehicle stops working and the anti-blocking breather reaches the specified regular cleaning time, the anti-blocking breather performs self-cleaning. It is necessary to dry the water-absorbing silica gel balls and clean the dust in the inner cavity at the same time. At this time, the working state diagram of the electric wheel ventilation system is as Figure 6 shown. When the anti-blocking breather performs self-cleaning, the electromagnetic directional valve is energized, and the pipeline 3 (i.e., the ventilation pipe inside the axle housing) is connected. The silicone rubber heating sheet heats the secondary dust filter screen and transfers the heat to the water-absorbing silica gel balls. The ventilation fan runs at high speed. The gas enters from the pipeline 3 (i.e., the ventilation pipe inside the axle housing) and the pipeline 2 (i.e., the rigid connecting pipe 7). With the assistance of the ventilation fan, the drying of the water-absorbing silica gel balls is accelerated. On the other hand, the dust filtered by the inner cavity of the breather is flushed out by the high-speed flowing gas, realizing the self-cleaning and sustainable use of the anti-blocking breather.

[0067] In summary, a kind of anti-blocking breather and the electric wheel anti-blocking ventilation system provided by the present utility model achieve the following functions:

[0068] 1. The anti-blocking breather adopts a multi-layer filtering structure, which can effectively re-filter the vast majority of dust in the air and effectively solve the problem of breather blockage.

[0069] 2. The anti-blocking breather arranges water-absorbing silica gel balls in the middle of the filtering interlayer, which can absorb the water vapor in the outside air and prevent the liquefaction of water in the air from mixing with dust to block the breather and the pipeline.

[0070] 3. The inner filter screen of the anti-blocking breather is pasted with a silicone rubber heating sheet, which is paired with a ventilation fan. When the electric wheel stops working, the silicone rubber heating sheet heats the inner filter screen and transfers the heat to the water-absorbing silica gel balls. Paired with the ventilation fan, it can dry the water-absorbing silica gel balls, realize the repeated use of the water-absorbing function of the water-absorbing silica gel balls inside the breather, and extend the service life of the breather.

[0071] 4. The anti-blocking breather adopts a modular design, which is convenient for disassembly, cleaning and maintenance, and can achieve the purpose of repeated use.

[0072] 5. The anti-blocking breather controls the rotation speed and direction of the ventilation fan to accelerate the breathing and ventilation frequency and enhance the ventilation efficiency of the breather.

[0073] 6. The air exchange pipeline of the anti-blocking respirator is provided with an electromagnetic reversing valve. When the anti-blocking respirator conducts self-cleaning, the air exchange pipeline is switched to the internal pipeline of the rear axle housing. The silicone rubber heating sheet heats the water-absorbing silica gel balls, and the ventilation fan operates at a high speed, enabling the self-cleaning purpose to be achieved quickly.

[0074] The engineering vehicle provided by the present invention will be described below. The engineering vehicle described below can be mutually corresponding and referred to with the electric wheel anti-blocking ventilation system described above.

[0075] An engineering vehicle provided by the present invention may include the electric wheel anti-blocking ventilation system as described in any one of the above embodiments.

[0076] The beneficial effects achieved by the engineering vehicle provided by the present invention are consistent with those achieved by the electric wheel anti-blocking ventilation system provided by the present invention, so they will not be elaborated here.

[0077] It should be noted that the above engineering vehicle can be a heavy-duty mining truck.

[0078] In the specification provided here, a large number of specific details are described. However, it can be understood that the embodiments of the present invention can be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures, and technologies are not shown in detail so as not to obscure the understanding of this specification.

[0079] In addition, those skilled in the art can understand that although some of the embodiments described herein include certain features contained in other embodiments rather than other features, the combination of the features of different embodiments also means being within the protection scope of the present invention and forms different embodiments. For example, in the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can use them in a combined manner according to the known technical solutions and the technical problems to be solved by this application.

[0080] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not impose any form of limitation on the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art of this patent, without departing from the technical solution scope of the present invention, can make some changes or modifications to the above-mentioned technical content as equivalent embodiments of equivalent changes. However, as long as it does not depart from the technical content of the present invention, any simple modification, equivalent change, and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anti-blocking respirator, characterized in that, Comprising: A base provided with a central connection hole for connecting with a connecting pipe; A hollow outer shell that covers the base and is fixed together with the base by a detachable component. There is a gap between the outer shell and the base for communicating the inner chamber of the outer shell with the outside air; A multi-stage dust filter assembly assembled in the outer shell and located between the gap and the central connection hole, such that when the anti-blocking respirator exhales or inhales, the gas flowing between the gap and the central connection hole has to pass through the multi-stage dust filter assembly for dust filtration.

2. The anti-blocking respirator according to claim 1, wherein: A dehumidifying component capable of absorbing moisture in the air is provided in the multi-stage dust filter assembly.

3. The anti-blocking respirator according to claim 2, wherein: The dehumidifying component is a plurality of water-absorbing silica gel balls, which are filled between two adjacent filters in the multi-stage dust filter assembly.

4. The anti-blocking respirator according to claim 2, wherein: A heating component for drying the dehumidifying component is further provided in the multi-stage dust filter assembly.

5. The anti-blocking respirator according to claim 4, wherein: The heating component is an electric heating sheet, which is attached to the inner wall of the innermost filter in the multi-stage dust filter assembly. After being energized to generate heat, it is used to dry the moisture in the dehumidifying component, enabling the dehumidifying component to be reused.

6. The anti-blocking respirator according to claim 5, wherein: A plurality of heating holes are evenly distributed on the electric heating sheet, and the hole positions of the plurality of heating holes are the same as the hole positions of the evenly distributed filtering holes on the innermost filter, for preventing the electric heating sheet from being blocked.

7. The anti-blocking respirator according to claim 1, wherein: The multi-stage dust filter assembly is composed of at least two cylindrical dust filters nested together.

8. The anti-blocking respirator according to claim 7, wherein: At least two dust filters are pressed on the base with their openings facing the base, and the diameter of the innermost dust filter is not less than the diameter of the central connection hole, and their central axes coincide.

9. The anti-blocking respirator according to claim 7, wherein: The cross-section of the evenly distributed filtering holes on the outermost dust filter is conical, and the aperture of the filtering holes is larger near the outer side and smaller near the inner side, capable of filtering large-particle dust in the air.

10. The anti-blocking respirator according to claim 1, wherein: A circular groove is provided on the top surface of the base along the periphery of the central connection hole, and the bottom of the multi-stage dust filter assembly is snap-fitted in the groove; A convex arc-shaped inner top with a low central area and a high outer periphery is provided in the inner chamber of the outer shell above the multi-stage dust filter assembly; A convex block is provided vertically downward in the central area of the convex arc-shaped inner top, and a concave block is provided in the central area of the top surface of the multi-stage dust filter assembly. After the outer shell and the base are fixed, the convex block and the concave block are inserted together, thereby fixing the multi-stage dust filter assembly between the outer shell and the base.

11. A clog - proof respirator according to claim 1, wherein: A ventilation fan with forward and reverse functions is installed in the central connection hole of the base, for increasing the flow rate of gas in the multi - stage dust filter assembly.

12. A clog - proof respirator according to claim 1, wherein: A plurality of upper connection seats with axial through - holes are evenly distributed along the entire circumference near the bottom surface of the outer circumferential surface of the housing. The base is provided with a plurality of lower connection seats corresponding to the upper connection seats one by one and having axial threaded holes. A plurality of bolts respectively pass through the through - holes and are tightened in the threaded holes to fasten the upper and lower connection seats.

13. An electric wheel anti-blocking air exchange system, characterized in that, Comprising: An electric wheel, fixed inside the rear axle housing; An electromagnetic reversing valve located inside the rear axle housing, whose first port is connected and communicated with the electric wheel through a first connecting pipe; A clog - proof respirator according to any one of claims 1 to 12 located outside the rear axle housing, the central connection hole on its base is connected and communicated with the second port of the electromagnetic reversing valve through a second connecting pipe; A ventilation pipe inside the axle housing, connected and communicated with the third port of the electromagnetic reversing valve. Through the commutation of the electromagnetic reversing valve, the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe can be made conductive, or the ventilation pipe inside the axle housing and the second connecting pipe can be made conductive.

14. An engineering vehicle, characterized in that: It is equipped with a clog - proof respirator according to any one of claims 1 to 12; or, it is equipped with the electric - wheel clog - proof ventilation system according to claim 13.

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