Separation device for plasma sample

Abstract

The utility model provides a separating device for plasma samples, which comprises a bottom plate, a channel plate and a top plate, a plasma channel is arranged on the channel plate, the bottom plate and the top plate respectively cover the upper surface and the lower surface of the channel plate to seal the plasma channel on the channel plate, and at least one interception area is arranged on the plasma channel. The plasma separating device is low in manufacturing and using cost, small in size and convenient to carry and use, does not need to be provided with a centrifugal machine, and can be used for separating plasma in time in areas with underdeveloped or underdeveloped medical resources or grassroots and under the emergency conditions that no electric power resource exists or electric power is in shortage or is stopped. The plasma separating device disclosed by the utility model has expandability, can be connected in parallel to form a multi-channel mode to timely process a large-dose blood sample when necessary, can also perform expandability of targeted transformation, and can be used for primarily judging whether abnormal cells exist in blood or not, such as whether macrophages and cancer cells are increased or appear or not; and preliminary judgment of corresponding indexes can be assisted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a plasma separation device. Background Technology

[0002] Plasma, the extracellular fluid of blood cells, is an important component of the body's internal environment and plays a vital role in communicating between the internal and external environments. The composition of plasma can fluctuate due to the body's metabolic activities and the external environment, but under normal circumstances, the body maintains a relatively constant composition through various regulatory mechanisms. When the body is ill, certain plasma components can fluctuate beyond the normal range; therefore, measuring plasma components can provide a basis for the diagnosis of certain diseases. To measure plasma components, plasma separation is usually required.

[0003] The practical significance of plasma separation mainly includes the following aspects:

[0004] (1) Experimental Research Needs: Blood samples are an important type of sample in scientific research. Blood samples can be used to detect target proteins (such as P-TAU) through experiments such as Western blotting (WB) and ELISA, or to detect target genes through PCR. Depending on the research objectives and specific experimental needs, whole blood, plasma, or serum can be selected as experimental samples. The difference between plasma and serum is that plasma is a cell-free liquid obtained by centrifugation after whole blood has been anticoagulated, and it contains fibrinogen, clotting factors, etc., while serum is the liquid released from whole blood clots without anticoagulation, and it does not contain fibrinogen or clotting factors. Therefore, selecting the appropriate sample type according to experimental needs is crucial for obtaining accurate experimental results.

[0005] (2) Clinical Treatment: Plasma exchange is a special blood purification therapy. It involves drawing the patient's blood out of the body, separating it into plasma and cellular components using a plasma separator, discarding the plasma containing pathogenic factors, and replenishing it with normal fresh plasma, albumin solution, etc., which are then reinfused into the body along with the cellular components. This process aims to reduce pathological damage and remove pathogenic substances. The most crucial step in plasma exchange is plasma separation, which separates plasma from formed elements such as blood cells to treat certain diseases.

[0006] (3) Avoiding coagulation and sample invalidation: Whole blood often coagulates after collection, leading to sample invalidation. This problem can be avoided by separating serum or plasma in a timely manner, ensuring the purity of the sample and the reliability of experimental data.

[0007] (4) Reduce the risk of weakened immune function and coagulation disorders: During plasma separation, blood cells are removed from the blood, while the plasma portion is retained. Plasma contains a variety of proteins, such as albumin, globulin, and various coagulation factors, which play an important role in maintaining normal physiological functions of the body.

[0008] However, in the absence of a centrifuge, existing technologies offer limited methods for separating plasma, but some traditional methods can be attempted. One method is to use a fidget spinner as a makeshift centrifuge. While not optimal, this method can serve as an emergency measure in resource-constrained environments. Specifically, a thin tube containing a blood sample is attached to the fidget spinner, and by rotating the spinner, the blood sample is spun for 4-7 minutes, successfully separating up to 30% plasma with a purity of up to 99%. However, this method requires some skill and patience, and the amount of plasma separated may be limited. When conditions permit, traditional methods are generally recommended, such as using anticoagulant tubes to collect blood, adding anticoagulant, mixing well, and then placing the tube vertically to allow for natural blood separation. Although this method takes longer, it is simple to operate and suitable for home use or when a centrifuge is unavailable. It should be noted that this method may separate a smaller amount of plasma, and patience is required to allow the blood to separate naturally.

[0009] In summary, plasma separation is of great significance in scientific research, clinical treatment, and sample processing. It can optimize experimental procedures, treat diseases, or avoid sample failure and adverse reactions according to specific needs. Therefore, there is a need for a plasma sample separation device that offers ample operating space, low technical cost, and simple separation conditions. Utility Model Content

[0010] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a separation device for plasma samples, addressing the problems existing in the background art.

[0011] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is:

[0012] A separation device for plasma samples includes a bottom plate, a channel plate, and a top plate. The channel plate has a plasma channel. The bottom plate and the top plate cover the upper and lower surfaces of the channel plate, respectively, to close the plasma channel on the channel plate. The plasma channel has at least one retention area.

[0013] Furthermore, the plasma channel is provided with an inlet area and an outlet area at both ends, and the at least one retention area is located between the inlet area and the outlet area.

[0014] Furthermore, the top plate is provided with an inlet port and an outlet port. The inlet port is connected to the inlet of the sample inlet area, and the outlet port is connected to the outlet of the sample outlet area. The inlet port and outlet port can be connected to an inlet tube and an outlet tube, respectively. Generally, the size of the inlet tube and the inlet port is comparable to that of a medical tubing. In use, a syringe connected to the tubing is used to push the blood sample to be separated into the separation device of this invention. The pushing process also promotes the blood sample entering the separation device, causing it to flow within the separation device and retaining blood cells.

[0015] Furthermore, the plasma channel is a waveform channel, and the retention area is located at the peak and / or trough of the waveform channel.

[0016] Furthermore, the interception area is provided with multiple protrusions.

[0017] Furthermore, the width of the plasma channel is not less than 30 micrometers.

[0018] Furthermore, the interception area is an annular region with an inner diameter of not less than 60 micrometers.

[0019] Furthermore, the height of the protrusion is not less than 7 micrometers, and the distance between two protrusions is not less than 7 micrometers.

[0020] Furthermore, the size of the separation device is not less than 2cm × 5cm.

[0021] Overall, the plasma channel volume of this invention can be controlled within 5-10 ml. Furthermore, multiple plasma channels can be configured as needed, arranged in parallel, and the separation device can extend in the width direction to support multiple plasma separation devices.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0023] (1) This utility model has low manufacturing and usage costs, small size, and is easy to carry and use. It can be used for timely separation of plasma in areas with underdeveloped or underdeveloped medical resources or at the grassroots level.

[0024] (2) The plasma separation device of this invention is expandable and can be connected in parallel to form a multi-channel (1-10) mode when necessary for timely processing of large-volume blood samples.

[0025] (3) The separation device of this utility model does not need to be equipped with a centrifuge, and can obtain high-dose plasma samples in emergency situations where there is no power resource or power is scarce or shut down.

[0026] (4) The interception component designed in the interception area of ​​this utility model has the scalability to be targeted and modified. Targeting components are attached to it, which can be used as a preliminary judgment of whether there are abnormal cells in the blood, such as whether macrophages or cancer cells are increased or appearing, and can help to make a preliminary judgment on the corresponding indicators. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of this utility model.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the channel plate of this utility model.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a partial enlarged view of the interception area of ​​this utility model.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a graph showing the recovery rate of proteins separated from plasma using this invention at different flow rates.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the blood cell retention area in this utility model.

[0033] The diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Bottom plate; 2. Channel plate; 3. Top plate; 4. Plasma channel; 5. Inlet port; 6. Outlet port; 7. Retention area; 8. Inlet area; 9. Outlet area; 10. Protrusion. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the technical solution of this utility model, the present utility model will be described in detail, clearly, and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, and not all of them. Furthermore, based on the embodiments of this utility model, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made by those skilled in the art to all other embodiments obtained without creative effort should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0035] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0036] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0037] See attached document Figure 1-4 .

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, a plasma sample separation device includes a base plate 1, a channel plate 2, and a top plate 3. The channel plate 2 has plasma channels 4. The base plate 1 and top plate 2 cover the upper and lower surfaces of the channel plate 3, respectively, sealing the plasma channels 4 to form a separation channel inside the device. The plates can be connected by adhesive bonding, avoiding openings and channels. The top plate 2 has an inlet port 5 and an outlet port 6 for injecting and discharging the plasma to be separated.

[0039] like Figure 2-3 As shown, the plasma channel 4 is provided with at least one retention area 7. The plasma channel 4 has an inlet area 8 and an outlet area 9 at its two ends, respectively, and the at least one retention area 7 is located between the inlet area 8 and the outlet area 9. The inlet port 5 connects to the inlet of the inlet area 8, and the outlet port 6 connects to the outlet of the outlet area 9. The inlet port and outlet port can be connected to an inlet tube and an outlet tube, respectively. Generally, the size of the inlet tube and inlet port is comparable to that of a medical tubing. When using the separation device of this invention for plasma separation, a syringe connected to the tubing is used to push the blood sample to be separated into the separation device. The pushing process also propels the blood sample entering the separation device, causing it to flow within the device and retaining blood cells.

[0040] As a preferred option, such as Figure 3-4 As shown, the plasma channel 4 is a waveform channel, and the interception area 7 is set at the peak and / or trough of the waveform channel. The interception area set at the peak and / or trough of the waveform channel is annular, and a plurality of protrusions 10 are provided on the surface of the annular area. The height of the protrusion is not less than 7 micrometers, and the distance between two protrusions is not less than 7 micrometers, so as to ensure that the entry of blood cells can be accommodated and to increase the possibility of blood cells adhering to this area.

[0041] The width of the entire plasma channel is no less than 30 micrometers. Because plasma has a certain viscosity, it requires a certain driving force to flow. A certain amount of space is also needed during the flow, but this space should not be too large; if the space is too large and the flow rate is too fast, it will be detrimental to the retention of blood cells. Furthermore, in this invention, the plasma channel is shaped like a waveform with multiple bends. This creates a phenomenon similar to quicksand at the bends. When plasma flows through these bends, heavier deposits (such as blood cells) will accumulate at the bends like fine sand. The principle is as follows: Figure 6 As shown, since fluid will continue to pass through and scour the area, protrusions need to be designed for better interception.

[0042] Preferably, the inner diameter of the interception area is not less than 60 micrometers, and the bending angle of the waveform channel is preferably between 90-120°.

[0043] Preferably, the size of the single-channel separation device is not less than 2cm×5cm. In practice, the number of channels and separation devices can be adjusted as needed, for example, multiple separation devices can be connected in parallel to expand the capacity. Since this utility model is very small, it can be stacked or laid flat without increasing the space occupied.

[0044] Overall, the plasma channel volume of this invention can be controlled within 5-10 ml. Furthermore, multiple plasma channels can be configured as needed, arranged in parallel, and the separation device can extend in the width direction to support multiple plasma separation devices.

[0045] When using the plasma separation device of this invention for separation, the separation step involves directly squeezing the extracted blood sample into the injection tube using a syringe. The blood in the injection tube directly enters the plasma separation device, and the separation of plasma and blood cells is completed under the combined action of lateral pressure and centrifugal force in the waveform separation channel. The separated plasma is discharged into the overflow tube (sample outlet tube) on the other side of the plasma separation device for later use.

[0046] Preferably, in this invention, the cutoff region of the waveform structure can also be targeted and modified to be used as a specific antibody to bind to circulating tumor cells in the blood, which can be used for the specific capture of circulating tumor cells that may be present in the blood during plasma separation.

[0047] Effect verification:

[0048] like Figure 5 As shown, at different flow rates, the recovery rate of proteins in plasma injected into the separation device is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, it is evident that this invention can achieve excellent and effective substance separation results.

[0049] like Figure 6 As shown,

[0050] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A separation device for plasma samples, characterized in that, It includes a bottom plate, a channel plate, and a top plate. The channel plate is provided with a plasma channel. The bottom plate and the top plate cover the upper and lower surfaces of the channel plate respectively, sealing the plasma channel on the channel plate. The plasma channel is provided with at least one interception area.

2. The separation device for plasma samples according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plasma channel has an inlet area and an outlet area at each end, and at least one retention area is located between the inlet area and the outlet area.

3. The separation device for plasma samples according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top plate is provided with a sample inlet and a sample outlet. The sample inlet is connected to the inlet of the sample inlet area, and the sample outlet is connected to the outlet of the sample outlet area.

4. The separation device for plasma samples according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plasma channel is a waveform channel, and the retention area is located at the peak and / or trough of the waveform channel.

5. A separation device for plasma samples according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interception area has multiple protrusions.

6. The separation device for plasma samples according to claim 1, characterized in that, The width of the plasma channel is not less than 30 micrometers.

7. A separation device for plasma samples according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that, The interception area is a ring-shaped area with an inner diameter of not less than 60 micrometers.

8. A separation device for plasma samples according to claim 5, characterized in that, The height of the protrusion is not less than 7 micrometers, and the distance between two protrusions is not less than 7 micrometers.

9. A separation device for plasma samples according to claim 1, characterized in that, The size of the separation device is not less than 2cm × 5cm.

Images