Active central drive breathing machine

Abstract

The utility model relates to an active central drive breathing machine, which comprises an air filtering system, a breathing mask convenient for a patient to wear, a heart rate detection device and a diaphragm stimulation device, the output end of the air filtering system is connected with a fan and a control center, and the breathing mask is connected with a balloon electrode. The other end of the balloon electrode is connected with a gas control device and an injection pump control device, and the output end of the control center is electrically connected with the breathing mask, the heart rate detection device, the diaphragm stimulation device, the balloon electrode, the gas control device and the injection pump control device through electronic components. The aim of actively regulating breathing of a human body is achieved, and the phenomenon of man-machine asynchronism in the breathing regulating process of the breathing machine is avoided; pure diaphragm electromyographic signals can be obtained in a mode of embedding the balloon electrode; the position of the balloon electrode can be quickly judged through the injection pump control device by means of the characteristics of developing liquid under X rays.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of ventilator technology, and in particular to an active centrally driven ventilator. Background Technology

[0002] Epidemiological studies show an increasing trend in deaths and health losses caused by chronic respiratory diseases. In 2017, an estimated 3.91 million people died from chronic respiratory diseases, accounting for 7% of all deaths worldwide. Therefore, the prevention and control of respiratory diseases is particularly crucial. Respiratory muscles are the driving force behind respiratory movements, and the diaphragm, a muscle-fiber structure between the thoracic and abdominal cavities, accounts for 60%–80% of respiratory muscle function. Diaphragmatic dysfunction is one of the important mechanisms leading to respiratory failure. The evaluation of diaphragmatic structure and function is widely used in the diagnosis and assessment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the assessment of the severity of illness in critically ill patients, and prognosis.

[0003] The primary inspiratory muscle in humans is the diaphragm, a thin, dome-shaped muscle structure that separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities. Diaphragmatic weakness caused by mechanical ventilation is called ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction (VIDD). Approximately 60%–80% of mechanically ventilated patients experience diaphragmatic dysfunction, about twice the rate of limb weakness. Diaphragmatic dysfunction and pulmonary edema during weaning are two major causes of weaning failure. Diaphragmatic dysfunction reduces the diaphragm's contractile force, decreasing lung ventilation and leading to weaning failure; increased negative pressure during weaning increases venous return and left ventricular afterload, resulting in weaning pulmonary edema and respiratory distress.

[0004] Human breathing is actually controlled by the brain. When breathing spontaneously, the brain sends a signal that is transmitted to the phrenic nerve through the nervous system. The impulse of the phrenic nerve causes electrical activity in the diaphragm muscle cells it innervates. By recording this electrical activity signal, the diaphragm / CD can be obtained. The electrical activity of the muscle cells eventually causes the lungs to expand passively, producing inhalation. Exhalation is a passive process. The thoracic cavity passively and elastically recoils, and the pressure inside the thoracic cavity increases, producing the exhalation process. This means that the diaphragm / CD appears during inspiration and disappears during expiration. The appearance of the diaphragm / CD slightly precedes the start of inspiration. As the effort of inspiration increases, the intensity of the diaphragm / CD signal also increases, and it disappears at the end of inspiration and the beginning of expiration. Thus, the diaphragm / CD presents as a spindle-shaped wave that appears periodically with respiration. The start of inspiration can be determined based on the time of appearance of this spindle-shaped wave. If the time of appearance of the spindle-shaped wave can be detected, this time can be used as the trigger point for the ventilator to deliver air, and a trigger signal can be sent to the ventilator to deliver air, so that the mechanical ventilation of the ventilator can be synchronized with the patient's breathing, eliminating the "patient-ventilator asynchrony".

[0005] From a respiratory mechanics perspective, mechanical ventilation provides external respiratory power by altering airway pressure during inspiration and expiration, thereby changing the flow rate, volume, and timing of respiration. Simultaneously, it involves changes in the patient's respiratory effort and lung volume position at the end of inspiration and expiration. Appropriate treatment can improve lung ventilation and oxygenation, reducing dyspnea and respiratory muscle burden; however, inappropriate use can lead to patient-ventilator asynchrony, exacerbating dyspnea and potentially causing ventilator-associated lung injury (VALI). Because respiratory movement itself is a mechanical process driven by centrally regulated respiratory muscle contraction / relaxation, resulting in gas inhalation or exhalation, diseases requiring mechanical ventilation inherently also present significant respiratory mechanics abnormalities.

[0006] Mechanical ventilation for critically ill patients is a process of interaction between the ventilator and the patient's own respiratory system. Spontaneous breathing is a double-edged sword. Maintaining appropriate spontaneous breathing can not only reduce ventilator-induced damage to the lungs and diaphragm and improve patient-ventilator synchrony, but also help improve the function of multiple systems throughout the body, including the circulatory system. However, inappropriate spontaneous breathing can damage the lungs and diaphragm along with the ventilator, leading to patient-inflicted lung injury (P-SILI) and ventilator-induced diaphragmatic dysfunction (VIDD). These two types of injury can influence each other, jointly worsening the patient's condition, prolonging mechanical ventilation time, and even affecting the patient's prognosis. The transmission of respiratory commands from the patient's respiratory center to changes in the diaphragm's electromyography (EMG) is an electrical signal conduction process, faster than pressure or flow rate triggering in traditional ventilators. This improves patient-ventilator synchrony and reduces eccentric diaphragmatic contractions during mechanical ventilation, significantly lowering the risk of diaphragmatic myofascitis injury.

[0007] Protective ventilation of the lungs and diaphragm is a fundamental principle to be followed when implementing positive pressure ventilation in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). To avoid increased transpulmonary pressure and diaphragmatic overload damage caused by strong spontaneous breathing, neuromuscular blocks are recommended for the early treatment of moderate to severe ARDS, but they can cause diaphragmatic dysfunction characterized by disuse atrophy.

[0008] However, mechanical ventilation can affect diaphragmatic function, and the impact increases with the duration of mechanical ventilation, exhibiting a time-dependent effect known as ventilator-associated diaphragmatic dysfunction, which leads to a low success rate of weaning.

[0009] Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common and prevalent respiratory disease that seriously endangers human health. Respiratory failure is the main complication of COPD and a leading cause of disease progression and death. Acute exacerbations (AECOPD) in patients lead to a decrease in the contractility, thickness, and range of motion of the diaphragm due to long-term chronic hypoxia, inflammation, and malnutrition, resulting in respiratory muscle dysfunction, respiratory muscle fatigue, and ultimately respiratory failure. Diaphragmatic fatigue is a crucial mechanism for respiratory failure, and type II respiratory failure caused by this factor is one of the most significant causes of death in late-stage COPD patients. If left untreated, it will delay optimal treatment and lead to more serious, life-threatening complications such as pulmonary heart disease and pulmonary encephalopathy. Ultrasound imaging of diaphragmatic function combined with electrocardiographic monitoring of CO2 has evaluative and predictive value for non-invasive ventilation in patients with AECOPD and type II respiratory failure.

[0010] Respiratory dysfunction refers to impaired lung ventilation (gas exchange), leading to decreased arterial blood oxygen partial pressure or increased carbon dioxide oxygen partial pressure, which can result in respiratory failure in severe cases. Since cerebral ischemia and hypoxia are causes of stroke, stroke patients with respiratory dysfunction require timely symptomatic treatment to aid recovery. Currently, respiratory rehabilitation training is a commonly used clinical treatment, but its effects are slow. Reports indicate that combining targeted respiratory rehabilitation training with other effective methods can improve treatment outcomes. External diaphragmatic pacemakers stimulate the phrenic nerve with electrodes to promote its functional recovery and are frequently used in the treatment of lung function recovery. Electroacupuncture, which involves applying electrical stimulation to acupuncture sites to enhance therapeutic effects, is a novel treatment method combining traditional Chinese and Western medicine, showing significant efficacy and widespread application in neurological diseases.

[0011] Patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) are all critically ill, and the vast majority require invasive mechanical ventilation. Most mechanically ventilated patients can be extubated within 3 days, but approximately 30% of these patients face the risk of weaning failure. As the duration of mechanical ventilation increases, the risk of various related complications also increases, and ventilator dependence may develop. Premature weaning can lead to insufficient oxygen supply and subsequent weaning failure. The diaphragm provides crucial driving force for the work of breathing; decreased diaphragmatic function results in respiratory limitation. Clinically, it has been found that a 10mm reduction in diaphragmatic size in healthy individuals results in an approximately 25m³ increase in alveolar volume. Therefore, diaphragmatic function is closely related to the weaning status of mechanically ventilated patients.

[0012] Although ventilator support is an effective method for treating patients with severe traumatic brain injury, long-term use will significantly reduce respiratory muscle strength, cause diaphragmatic weakness, and lead to a continuous decline in diaphragmatic function. As a result, the patient's ventilator dependence will be further aggravated, leading to difficulties in weaning and increasing the risk of related complications

[11] .

[0013] This study found that at the end of SBT, patients in the failed weaning group had a faster heart rate and respiratory rate than those in the successful weaning group. This indicates that under the same respiratory load, patients in the failed weaning group were more prone to respiratory muscle fatigue and had poorer compensatory ability, which is basically similar to the study by Feng Hui et al. Therefore, for such patients, rehabilitation training, especially training of respiratory muscles (mainly the diaphragm), should be initiated as early as possible after the primary central nervous system disease has stabilized. This is to prevent respiratory muscle atrophy and improve their endurance, thus providing a foundation for early and successful weaning. Recent studies have found that PaCO2 in the failed weaning group was often higher than that in the successful group at the end of SBT; however, this study found that patients in the failed weaning group actually had lower PaCO2 at the end of SBT than those in the successful group.

[0014] The diaphragm is a flat, thin, broad muscle that bulges upwards in a dome shape. It forms the floor of the thoracic cavity and the top of the abdominal cavity. It is the most important respiratory muscle and the main source of power for completing the respiratory pump function. It plays a very important role in respiratory movement. The phrenic nerve innervates the movement of the diaphragm and is the nerve that maintains respiratory function, mainly maintaining normal ventilation function

[13] . The diaphragm is the most important respiratory muscle, and about 70% of the work of breathing is carried out by the diaphragm. Diaphragmatic dysfunction often occurs in patients with critical illness and chronic diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, which leads to respiratory distress, respiratory failure, prolonged mechanical ventilation time, respiratory muscle dependence and failure to wean. When spontaneous exhalation ends, if the amount of gas in the lungs is higher than the normal value, it is called pulmonary hyperinflation. Pulmonary hyperinflation is related to the clinical manifestations of COPD patients and leads to dyspnea, impaired exercise tolerance, increased risk of hospitalization, increased risk of respiratory failure and death in COPD patients. In COPD patients, pulmonary hyperinflation occurs due to decreased lung elasticity and obstruction of expiratory airflow. Expiratory airflow obstruction occurs when the expiratory flow rate generated during spontaneous breathing reaches the maximum flow rate that the lung capacity can produce. Expiratory airflow obstruction is caused by the combined effects of lung parenchymal destruction (emphysema) and airway abnormalities (such as mucus obstruction, airway edema, increased bronchial tension, and airway wall remodeling).

[0015] Electrical stimulation excites the nerve fibers in the lower lateral aspect of the sternocleidomastoid muscle, generating nerve impulses that travel downwards to the nerve endings, causing diaphragmatic contraction. Electrical stimulation of the phrenic nerve produces two effects on the respiratory system: 1) Eccentric phrenic nerve excitation: Electrical stimulation of the phrenic nerve excites the motor nerve fibers, generating nerve impulses that travel downwards to the nerve endings. Through electro-chemical-electrical transmission, the phrenic nerve is further excited, resulting in deep inspiration. 2) Centripetal phrenic nerve excitation: When the motor fibers of the phrenic nerve are stimulated, their sensory fibers are also stimulated, generating nerve impulses that travel upwards to the spinal cord, exciting the expiratory center and inhibiting the inspiratory center, thus accelerating the alternation of inspiration and expiration, resulting in increased expiratory reserve.

[0016] Currently, there are three methods for monitoring the electrical activity of the diaphragm:

[0017] 1) Intramuscular electrode monitoring: Intramuscular electrode monitoring is an accurate method for monitoring electromyography (EMGdi). It involves implanting electrode needles or metal sensors into the muscle to monitor EMG, avoiding interference from adjacent muscles and thus offering high selectivity. However, the implantation process is not only difficult to perform accurately, but it also easily leads to bleeding and soft tissue damage, and in severe cases, pneumothorax.

[0018] 2) Surface electrode monitoring: The chest wall surface electrode method is a method of recording the electrical activity of the diaphragm by attaching electrodes to the surface of the chest wall. It is a non-invasive technique for recording EMG, but its accuracy is poor and it is easily affected by other muscle electrical signals and subcutaneous tissue.

[0019] 3) Esophageal electrode monitoring: The esophageal electrode method involves inserting a catheter with a metal guidewire attached through the nasal cavity or mouth into the esophagus, positioning the guidewire at the level of the esophageal hiatus to record the electrical activity of the diaphragm. Compared to the previous two methods, the esophageal electrode method has higher accuracy and is relatively safer. First, the esophageal electrode is directly close to the crus of the diaphragm, located near the center of the diaphragm's electrical activity area, reducing interference from the electrical signals of muscles such as the intercostal muscles and abdominal muscles, and also avoiding the attenuation effect of subcutaneous tissues such as fat on the electrical signals. Second, compared with the intramuscular electrode method, the esophageal electrode method does not cause damage to adjacent tissues and organs. Due to its high safety and accuracy, this method is currently the most commonly used.

[0020] In summary, existing ventilators have the following shortcomings:

[0021] 1. Currently, positive pressure ventilators have a problem of patient-ventilator asynchrony.

[0022] 2. Currently, surface electromyography (EMG) signal acquisition has certain limitations. It is limited to acquiring EMG signals from superficial muscles. The signal intensity is greatly affected by the depth of subcutaneous tissue, and it cannot distinguish signals from adjacent muscles.

[0023] 3. Currently, the acquisition of electromyographic signals of the diaphragm in vivo involves a rather complicated and time-consuming process, particularly in locating the acquisition device.

[0024] 4. Prolonged use of a ventilator can lead to a decline in diaphragmatic function;

[0025] 5. Over-inflation may occur during use, causing functional damage to the diaphragm. Utility Model Content

[0026] The purpose of this invention is to provide an active centrally driven ventilator that monitors the electromyographic signals of the diaphragm and stimulates the diaphragm nerves on the surface of the body to achieve the purpose of active regulation of breathing by the human body, thus solving the problem of "human-machine asynchrony" during the process of ventilator-controlled breathing; by inserting a balloon electrode, pure diaphragm electrical signals can be obtained; by using the characteristics of the contrast agent under X-ray, the position of the balloon electrode can be quickly determined.

[0027] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an active centrally driven ventilator, comprising an air filtration system and a patient-friendly breathing mask, a heart rate detection device, a diaphragm stimulation device, and a diaphragm monitoring device. The output end of the air filtration system is connected to a fan and a control center. The breathing mask is connected to a balloon electrode. The other end of the balloon electrode is connected to a gas control device and an infusion pump control device. The output end of the control center is electrically connected to the breathing mask, heart rate detection device, diaphragm stimulation device, diaphragm monitoring device, balloon electrode, gas control device, and infusion pump control device via electronic components.

[0028] Preferably, the air filtration system includes an air filtration assembly, one end of which has an air inlet communicating with the outside, and the other end has a filter connector. Activated carbon filter cotton and HEPA filter cotton are provided in the middle between the air inlet and the filter connector, and a bacterial filter is connected to the filter connector.

[0029] More preferably, the breathing mask is provided with multiple detection interfaces and balloon electrode mounting holes for connecting the balloon electrode fixing device.

[0030] More preferably, the balloon electrode includes an outer balloon and an inner balloon. The outer wall of the outer balloon is provided with a strip-shaped conductive coating. One end of the outer balloon is provided with a fixing ring. The strip-shaped conductive coating is in contact with the fixing ring. The fixing ring has contact points inside. An outer conduit is connected between the strip-shaped conductive coating and the fixing ring. A wire is threaded through the outer conduit. The other end of the wire is provided with an interface for connection to the gas control device. The inner balloon is connected in conjunction with an injection pump control device.

[0031] More preferably, the diaphragm monitoring device includes a detection tube containing ten electrodes, and two pressure-measuring balloons formed on the detection tube for measuring esophageal pressure and gastric pressure, respectively.

[0032] More preferably, the gas control device includes a pressure sensor connected to the balloon electrode, the output end of the pressure sensor is connected to a gas path control switch, the output end of the gas path control switch is connected to an air pump, the output end of the air pump is connected to a clean air source, and one end of the clean air source is connected to an end switch.

[0033] More preferably, the injection pump control device includes a pressure sensor connected to the balloon electrode, the output end of the pressure sensor is connected to a liquid circuit control switch, the output end of the liquid circuit control switch is connected to the injection pump, the output end of the injection pump is connected to a developer storage device, and one end of the developer storage device is connected to an end switch.

[0034] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: It includes an air filtration system and a patient-friendly breathing mask, heart rate detection device, diaphragm stimulation device, and diaphragm monitoring device. The output end of the air filtration system is connected to a fan and a control center. The breathing mask is connected to a balloon electrode. The other end of the balloon electrode is connected to a gas control device and an infusion pump control device. The output end of the control center is electrically connected to the breathing mask, heart rate detection device, diaphragm stimulation device, diaphragm monitoring device, balloon electrode, gas control device, and infusion pump control device through electronic components. By monitoring the diaphragm electromyographic signal, the diaphragm nerves on the human body surface are stimulated to achieve the purpose of active regulation of breathing by the human body, solving the phenomenon of "human-machine asynchrony" during ventilator-controlled breathing. By inserting the balloon electrode, a pure diaphragm electrical signal can be obtained. By using the characteristics of the contrast agent under X-ray through the infusion pump control device, the position of the balloon electrode can be quickly determined. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of this utility model.

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the breathing mask of this utility model.

[0037] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the air filtration system of this utility model.

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the diaphragm monitoring device of this utility model.

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the gas control device of this utility model.

[0040] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the outer balloon of the gas control device of this utility model.

[0041] Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the usage state of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0043] like Figure 1-7 As shown, an active centrally driven ventilator includes an air filtration system 1, a patient-friendly breathing mask 2, a heart rate monitoring device 3, a diaphragm stimulation device 4, and a diaphragm monitoring device 10. The output of the air filtration system 1 is connected to a fan 5 and a control center 6. The breathing mask 2 is connected to a balloon electrode 7. The other end of the balloon electrode 7 is connected to a gas control device 8 and an infusion pump 92 control device 9. The output of the control center 6 is electrically connected to the breathing mask 2, heart rate monitoring device 3, diaphragm stimulation device 4, balloon electrode 7, gas control device 8, and infusion pump 92 control device 9 via electronic components. By monitoring the diaphragm electromyographic signal, the diaphragm nerves on the human body surface are stimulated to achieve the purpose of active regulation of breathing by the human body, solving the phenomenon of "human-machine asynchrony" during ventilator-controlled breathing. By inserting the balloon electrode 7, a pure diaphragm electrical signal can be obtained. By using the characteristics of the contrast agent under X-ray, the infusion pump 92 control device 9 can quickly determine the position of the balloon electrode 7.

[0044] In this embodiment, the air filtration system 1 includes an air filtration component 11. One end of the air filtration component 11 has an air inlet that communicates with the outside, and the other end has a filter connector. Activated carbon filter cotton and HEPA filter cotton are provided in the middle between the air inlet and the filter connector. The filter connector is connected to a bacterial filter 12, which not only filters harmful substances such as allergens and viruses in the air, but also removes irritating odors from the air.

[0045] In this embodiment, the breathing mask 2 is provided with multiple detection interfaces (PetCO2 detection interface 21 and end-expiratory pressure test interface 22, which are respectively connected to the PetCO2 sensor and the end-expiratory pressure sensor) and a balloon electrode mounting hole 23 for connecting the balloon electrode 7 fixing device. After the balloon electrode 7 is safely inserted into the human body, the balloon electrode 7 is positioned to prevent the balloon electrode 7 from shifting, and at the same time, the breathing mask 2 is properly sealed to the space between the patient's face and the breathing mask 2. In addition, a humidification device 10 and a flow sensor 14 are also connected between the fan 5 and the breathing mask 2.

[0046] In this embodiment, the diaphragm monitoring device 10 includes a detection tube 101, which contains ten electrodes 102. Two pressure-measuring balloons 103 are formed on the detection tube 101 for measuring esophageal pressure and intragastric pressure, respectively. The ten electrodes 102 form five leads for recording diaphragm electromyography (EMG). The two pressure-measuring balloons 103 measure esophageal pressure (thoracic pressure) and intragastric pressure (abdominal pressure), respectively. When the balloons and electrodes 102 are connected to a signal processor, synchronous recording of EMG and respiratory pressure signals can be achieved, detecting diaphragm EMG and respiratory pressure, comprehensively reflecting the electrical activity of the diaphragm and phrenic nerve and the contractile force of the respiratory muscles. By cooperating with the diaphragm stimulation device 4, the diaphragm monitoring device 10 monitors the respiratory diaphragm activity state and calculates based on the diaphragm electrical signals. The ventilator assists the patient in active breathing according to the patient's active respiratory rate.

[0047] In this embodiment, the balloon electrode 7 includes an outer balloon 71 and an inner balloon 72. The outer wall of the outer balloon 71 is provided with a strip-shaped conductive coating 73. One end of the outer balloon 71 is provided with a fixing ring 74. The strip-shaped conductive coating 73 is in contact with the fixing ring 74. The fixing ring 74 has a contact point 75 inside. An outer conduit 76 is connected between the strip-shaped conductive coating 73 and the fixing ring 74. A wire 77 is passed through the outer conduit 76. The other end of the wire 77 is provided with an interface for connection to the gas control device 8. The inner balloon 72 is connected to the control device 9 of the injection pump 92 to transmit the diaphragm electrical signal and pH electrical signal received by the strip-shaped conductive coating 73 to the control center 6.

[0048] The heart rate detection device 3 is a pulse detection wristband. The heart rate data is detected and transmitted to the control center 6 in real time. The control center 6 analyzes the diaphragm electrical signal and pH electrical signal monitored by the balloon electrode 7 and sends instructions to the diaphragm stimulation device 4 connected to the control center 6. The diaphragm stimulation device 4 generates an electrical signal and feeds the electrical signal back to the patient's phrenic nerve to adjust the amplitude of the patient's diaphragm movement.

[0049] In this embodiment, the gas control device 8 includes a pressure sensor connected to the balloon electrode 7. The output end of the pressure sensor is connected to a gas path control switch 81, and the output end of the gas path control switch 81 is connected to an air pump 82. The output end of the air pump 82 is connected to a pure air source 83, and one end of the pure air source 83 is connected to an end switch. The pure air source 83 provides pure air. The air pump 82 receives instructions from the control center 6 to input air into the balloon electrode 7. The liquid path control switch 81 receives instructions from the control center 6 to control the opening and closing of the gas path. The pressure sensor monitors the gas path pressure and feeds back the parameters to the control center 6 to control the air pump 82, the gas path control switch 81, and the end switch. The end switch, based on the real-time pressure detection of the liquid path control switch 81, achieves the purpose of storing and releasing gas through instructions from the control center 6.

[0050] In this embodiment, the injection pump 92 control device 9 includes a pressure sensor connected to the balloon electrode 7. The output end of the pressure sensor is connected to a liquid circuit control switch 91, the output end of the liquid circuit control switch 91 is connected to the injection pump 92, and the output end of the injection pump 92 is connected to a developer storage device 93. One end of the developer storage device 93 is connected to an end switch. The injection pump 92 receives instructions from the control center 6 to input the developer into the balloon electrode 7. The liquid circuit control switch 91 receives instructions from the control center 6 to control the opening and closing of the gas circuit. The pressure sensor monitors the liquid circuit pressure and feeds back the parameters to the control center 6 to control the injection pump 92, the liquid circuit control switch 91, and the end switch. The end switch, based on the real-time pressure detection of the liquid circuit control switch 91 and through instructions from the control center 6, achieves the purpose of storing and discharging the developer.

[0051] In practical use, firstly, the balloon electrode 7 is placed into the human body. The contrast agent is introduced into the balloon electrode 7 through the injection pump 92 control device 9. The ventilator is turned on by ultrasound. Under X-ray, the position of the balloon electrode 7 can be clearly seen. Then, the gas control device 8 is controlled to introduce air into the balloon electrode 7. The outer balloon 71 inflates, and the strip conductive coating 73 comes into contact with the diaphragm electromyographic signal and pH electrical signal. The ventilator is turned on. Through the analysis of the control motherboard of the control center 6, a clear understanding of the patient's current respiratory status is obtained. Then, a command is sent to the diaphragm stimulation device 4. By stimulating the diaphragm nerve, the amplitude of diaphragm movement is controlled, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting breathing.

[0052] During weaning, the degree of diaphragmatic stimulation can be gradually reduced to allow the patient to spontaneously restore the normal range of diaphragmatic movement. Then, the ventilator can be turned off, the liquid and gas in the balloon electrode 7 can be drained, and the balloon electrode 7 can be removed to achieve successful weaning.

[0053] Monitoring the patient's heart rate is crucial during diaphragmatic stimulation.

[0054] For the symptom reference parameters of acute exacerbations of COPD, while monitoring and stimulating diaphragmatic activity, according to the latest COPD monitoring procedures, the patient's respiratory rate, heart rate, blood oxygen saturation, and petocosco2 parameters are monitored. End-expiratory pressure is of significant reference value for the patient's entire respiratory adjustment process. Meanwhile, petocosco2 and PaCO2 parameters are closely related, with a range of 35–45 mmHg. PaCO2 < 35 mmHg indicates that the user is currently overinflated, which may lead to respiratory alkalosis; PaCO2 > 45 mmHg indicates that the user is currently underinflated, which may lead to respiratory acidosis. This provides a relatively direct reflection of blood pH.

[0055] Based on the concept of this utility model, there may be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. The content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

Claims

1. An active central drive ventilator, characterized by: The device includes an air filtration system and a patient-friendly breathing mask, a heart rate monitoring device, a diaphragm stimulation device, and a diaphragm monitoring device. The air filtration system is connected to a fan and a control center at its output end. The breathing mask is connected to a balloon electrode, and the other end of the balloon electrode is connected to a gas control device and an infusion pump control device. The output end of the control center is electrically connected to the breathing mask, heart rate monitoring device, diaphragm stimulation device, diaphragm monitoring device, balloon electrode, gas control device, and infusion pump control device via electronic components.

2. The active central drive ventilator of claim 1, wherein: The air filtration system includes an air filtration assembly. One end of the air filtration assembly has an air inlet that communicates with the outside, and the other end has a filter connector. Activated carbon filter cotton and HEPA filter cotton are provided in the middle between the air inlet and the filter connector. A bacterial filter is connected to the filter connector.

3. The active central drive ventilator of claim 1, wherein: The breathing mask is equipped with multiple detection interfaces and balloon electrode mounting holes for connecting the balloon electrode fixing device.

4. The active central drive ventilator of claim 1, wherein: The balloon electrode includes an outer balloon and an inner balloon. The outer wall of the outer balloon is provided with a strip-shaped conductive coating. One end of the outer balloon is provided with a fixing ring. The strip-shaped conductive coating is in contact with the fixing ring. The fixing ring has contact points inside. An external conduit is connected between the strip-shaped conductive coating and the fixing ring. A wire is passed through the external conduit. The other end of the wire is provided with an interface for connection to the gas control device. The inner balloon is connected in conjunction with an injection pump control device.

5. The active central drive ventilator of claim 1, wherein: The diaphragm monitoring device includes a detection tube containing ten electrodes and two pressure-measuring balloons formed on the detection tube for measuring esophageal pressure and gastric pressure, respectively.

6. The active central drive ventilator of claim 1, wherein: The gas control device includes a pressure sensor connected to the balloon electrode. The output end of the pressure sensor is connected to a gas path control switch. The output end of the gas path control switch is connected to an air pump. The output end of the air pump is connected to a clean air source. One end of the clean air source is connected to an end switch.

7. The active central drive ventilator of claim 1, wherein: The injection pump control device includes a pressure sensor connected to the balloon electrode, the output of the pressure sensor is connected to a liquid circuit control switch, the output of the liquid circuit control switch is connected to the injection pump, the output of the injection pump is connected to a developer storage device, and one end of the developer storage device is connected to an end switch.

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