Multi-class organic hazardous solid waste collaborative gasification resource clean utilization device

Abstract

The utility model particularly relates to a multi-class organic dangerous solid waste collaborative gasification resource clean utilization device which is characterized in that a feed port of a gasification furnace is respectively connected with discharge ports of a slurry mixing tank, a powder bin and an organic waste water and waste liquid mixing device; a synthesis gas outlet of the gasification furnace is respectively connected with gas inlets of the methanol synthesis tower and the synthesis gas conversion separation tower through pipelines, a hydrogen outlet of the synthesis gas conversion separation tower and a nitrogen outlet of the low-temperature rectification air separation device are connected with a gas inlet of the synthesis ammonia tower through pipelines, and a liquid outlet of the synthesis ammonia tower is connected with the ammonia water tank through a pipeline; a liquid outlet of the ammonia water tank is connected with a liquid inlet of the carbonizer through a pipeline, a carbon dioxide outlet of the synthesis gas conversion and separation tower is connected with a gas inlet of the carbonizer through a pipeline, and a material outlet of the carbonizer is connected with a feeding hole of the centrifugal dryer through a pipeline. The utility model has the advantages of environmental protection and high resource value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of hazardous and solid waste treatment technology, specifically relating to a device for the synergistic gasification and clean utilization of multiple types of organic hazardous and solid waste for resource recovery. Background Technology

[0002] Hazardous solid waste is short for hazardous solid waste, also known as harmful waste, toxic waste residue, etc. It usually refers to solid waste with one or more hazardous characteristics such as toxicity, corrosivity, flammability, reactivity and infectivity.

[0003] Traditional hazardous waste disposal methods mainly involve landfilling and incineration, which have many drawbacks. To address this issue, those skilled in the art have developed hazardous waste resource recovery devices. For example, the invention patent published by the Chinese Patent Office on April 1, 2022, with publication number CN114262620A, entitled "A Method and Equipment for Resource Utilization of Organic Hazardous Waste," involves sequentially subjecting organic hazardous waste to low-temperature pyrolysis, medium-temperature pyrolysis, and high-temperature pyrolysis to form pyrolysis gas, pyrolysis oil, and carbon slag. The pyrolysis gas, pyrolysis oil, and carbon slag are then recycled and reused. The pyrolysis device is a pyrolysis furnace, including a furnace body, a conveying mechanism, and a heating mechanism. A sealed chamber is provided inside the furnace body. The conveying mechanism is installed inside the sealed chamber and is a chain conveyor. The heating mechanism is installed on the furnace body and is a gas burner. The heating mechanism heats and forms three temperature zones inside the sealed chamber, which are, from top to bottom, a low-temperature zone, a medium-temperature zone, and a high-temperature zone.

[0004] The above technical solution only involves pyrolyzing organic hazardous solid waste in a pyrolysis furnace, without further resource recovery treatment of the oil, gas, and slag generated during pyrolysis. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-category organic hazardous solid waste co-gasification resource utilization device, which realizes the co-gasification of various hazardous solid waste materials. The gasification syngas is used to produce carbon dioxide, ammonia, methanol, and ammonium bicarbonate. The by-product sodium chloride purified by high-temperature gasification and melting of industrial waste salt is used to produce caustic soda by electrolysis. The by-product sodium chloride is coupled to produce sodium bicarbonate, ultimately realizing the high-value resource utilization of various hazardous solid waste materials.

[0006] This utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0007] This invention relates to a multi-category organic hazardous solid waste co-gasification resource utilization and clean utilization device, characterized by comprising a gasifier. The gasifier's inlet is connected to the outlet of a mixing slurry tank, a powder silo, and an organic wastewater / waste liquid mixing device. The gasifier's inlet is also connected to the oxygen outlet of a low-temperature distillation air separation unit via an oxygen inlet pipeline. The gasifier also has a sodium chloride outlet and a syngas outlet. The syngas outlet is connected to the gas inlet of a syngas scrubbing and purification tower via a pipeline. The gas outlet of the syngas scrubbing and purification tower is connected to the gas inlets of a methanol synthesis tower and a syngas conversion and separation tower via pipelines. The waste residue / waste liquid outlet of the methanol synthesis tower and the ash water outlet of the syngas scrubbing and purification tower are both connected to the mixing slurry tank, powder silo, and organic wastewater / waste liquid mixing device via pipelines. The feed inlet of the slurry tank is connected to the hydrogen outlet of the syngas conversion separation tower and the nitrogen outlet of the cryogenic distillation air separation unit, which are connected to the gas inlet of the nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas compressor via pipelines. The gas outlet of the nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas compressor is connected to the gas inlet of the ammonia synthesis tower via pipelines. The liquid outlet of the ammonia synthesis tower is connected to the ammonia water tank via pipelines. The liquid outlet of the ammonia water tank is connected to the liquid inlet of the carbonization tower via pipelines. The carbon dioxide outlet of the syngas conversion separation tower is connected to the gas inlet of the carbonization tower via pipelines. The material outlet of the carbonization tower is connected to the feed inlet of the centrifugal dryer via pipelines. The centrifugal dryer is equipped with a mother liquor outlet and an ammonium bicarbonate outlet. The mother liquor outlet of the centrifugal dryer is connected to the feed inlet of the ammonia water tank via pipelines.

[0008] The mixing slurry tank of this invention is used to mix hydrocarbon waste, fly ash, hazardous waste salt, water and additives (powder solubilizer), and is connected to the gasifier through a pipeline.

[0009] The powder silo of this invention is used to hold ultrafine powder of solid waste. It is connected to the gasifier through a continuous conveying device, which is a powder pneumatic conveying pump.

[0010] The organic wastewater / waste liquid mixing device (mixing tank) of this utility model is used for mixing high-concentration organic wastewater / waste liquid, and it is connected to the gasifier through a pipeline.

[0011] The cryogenic distillation air separation device of this invention is used to distill air into oxygen and nitrogen at low temperature.

[0012] The gasifier of this utility model is an entrained flow gasifier, which achieves high-temperature co-gasification of hazardous solid waste. The gasification temperature is above 1300℃. Carbon-containing organic raw materials (such as carbon-based solid waste ultrafine powder, organic wastewater and waste liquid, hydrocarbon waste, etc.) are converted into syngas (CO+H2) through high temperature, pyrolysis and gasification. Sodium chloride in fly ash and hazardous waste salt is melted at high temperature to form liquid high brine, which is then recrystallized into high-purity sodium chloride after cooling. Non-gasifiable elements such as calcium, magnesium and silicon are melted to produce a small amount of glassy ash residue, which is rendered harmless. The ash residue can be used in construction, road construction and other fields to achieve resource utilization.

[0013] The syngas scrubbing and purification tower of this invention is used to scrub and purify syngas.

[0014] The methanol synthesis tower of this invention is used to synthesize methanol.

[0015] The methanol distillation purification tower of this invention is used to purify methanol by distillation.

[0016] The syngas conversion and separation tower of this invention is used to convert and separate syngas into CO2 and H2.

[0017] The nitrogen-oxygen mixture compressor (air compressor) of this invention is used to mix and compress nitrogen and oxygen.

[0018] The ammonia synthesis tower of this invention uses nitrogen and hydrogen to undergo a catalytic reaction under high pressure and high temperature to synthesize ammonia.

[0019] In this invention, liquid ammonia and carbon dioxide react in a carbonization tower and a centrifugal dryer to produce ammonium bicarbonate, and the mother liquor separated by the centrifugal dryer is returned to the ammonia tank.

[0020] The sodium chloride produced by the gasifier of this invention can be further utilized as a resource:

[0021] Option 1), further, the sodium chloride outlet of the gasifier of this utility model is connected to the inlet of the saturated brine tank through a pipeline, and the outlet of the saturated brine tank is connected to the inlet of the ion membrane electrolyzer through a pipeline. The ion membrane electrolyzer is provided with a chlorine outlet, a hydrogen outlet and a sodium hydroxide outlet, and the hydrogen outlet is connected to the inlet of the nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas compressor through a pipeline.

[0022] Sodium chloride, a byproduct purified by high-temperature gasification and melting in a gasifier, is then electrolyzed to produce chlorine and hydrogen as byproducts of caustic soda. The hydrogen is then used in the ammonia synthesis process.

[0023] Option 2) Further, the sodium chloride outlet of the gasifier and the ammonium bicarbonate outlet of the centrifugal dryer are connected to the feed inlet of the metathesis reactor through pipelines. The metathesis reactor is also equipped with a sodium bicarbonate outlet and an ammonium chloride outlet.

[0024] Sodium chloride and ammonium bicarbonate, which are byproducts of high-temperature gasification and melting purification in a gasifier, are synthesized into sodium bicarbonate and ammonium chloride through a metathesis reaction.

[0025] Furthermore, the gasifier of this invention is equipped with a multi-channel nozzle at the feed inlet.

[0026] The multi-channel nozzle of this utility model is a special nozzle researched and designed by the Northwest Chemical Research Institute, patent publication number CN205062000U. It can enhance the mixing and atomization effect of various materials and improve the raw material conversion efficiency.

[0027] The advantages of this utility model are as follows:

[0028] 1) This utility model realizes the co-gasification of hazardous solid waste of multiple categories and materials such as slurry, liquid and powder. Under the pure oxygen high temperature gasification and melting conditions, elements such as C, H, O and N are reformed to achieve efficient utilization, with an organic matter conversion rate of >99.99% and higher content of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, the effective components of syngas.

[0029] 2) In the gasifier of this utility model, the high temperature of pure oxygen gasification and melting is >1300℃. After gasification, it is rapidly cooled by water, making it difficult to synthesize dioxins. The gasification process is carried out in a reducing atmosphere and will not produce nitrogen oxides (NOx). Various forms of industrial organic hazardous waste (including high-concentration waste liquid) are gasified and melted at high temperature, which is a thorough treatment and does not produce secondary pollution.

[0030] 3) This utility model uses a variety of hazardous and solid waste materials to completely replace fossil raw materials (coal), and converts the organic matter in the hazardous and solid waste into high-quality syngas;

[0031] 4) The nitrogen and hydrogen produced by the syngas coupled with the air separation unit of this utility model can be further synthesized to produce green chemicals such as hydrogen energy, ammonia, alcohol, ammonium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, caustic soda and ammonium chloride, thereby achieving carbon capture, fixation and carbon emission reduction.

[0032] Using this utility model to treat hazardous solid waste takes into account both ecological and environmental protection and economic benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0035] As shown in the figure: 1. Mixing slurry tank; 2. Powder silo and continuous conveying device; 3. Organic wastewater / waste liquid mixing device; 4. Low-temperature distillation and air separation device; 5. Gasification furnace; 6. Syngas scrubbing and purification tower; 7. Methanol synthesis tower; 8. Methanol distillation and purification tower; 9. Syngas conversion and separation tower; 10. Nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas compressor; 11. Ammonia synthesis tower; 12. Ammonia water tank; 13. Carbonization tower; 14. Centrifugal dryer; 15. Saturated brine tank; 16. Ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer; 17. Metathesis reactor. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The embodiments of the present utility model will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit its scope of protection. It should be noted that, unless otherwise stated, the technical or scientific terms used in this application should have the ordinary meaning understood by those skilled in the art to which this utility model pertains. Example 1

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown: Mixing slurry tank 1 is used to mix hydrocarbon waste, fly ash, hazardous waste salts, water, and additives; powder silo 2 is used to hold ultrafine solid waste powder; organic wastewater / waste liquid mixing device 3 is used for mixing high-concentration organic wastewater / waste liquid; the inlet of gasifier 5 is connected to the outlets of mixing slurry tank 1, powder silo 2, and organic wastewater / waste liquid mixing device 3, respectively; the inlet of gasifier 5 is also connected to the oxygen outlet of cryogenic distillation air separation unit 4 via an oxygen inlet pipeline; a multi-channel nozzle is provided at the inlet of gasifier 5. Gasifier 5 is also equipped with a sodium chloride outlet and a syngas outlet. The syngas outlet of gasifier 5 is connected to the gas inlet of syngas scrubbing and purification tower 6 via a pipeline. The gas outlet of syngas scrubbing and purification tower 6 is connected to the gas inlets of methanol synthesis tower 7 and syngas conversion and separation tower 9 via pipelines. The waste residue and waste liquid outlet of methanol synthesis tower 7 and the ash water outlet of syngas scrubbing and purification tower 6 are both connected to the feed inlet of mixing slurry tank 1 via pipelines. The hydrogen outlet of syngas conversion and separation tower 9 is connected to the cryogenic distillation and air separation unit 4. The nitrogen outlet of the nitrogen-oxygen mixture compressor 10 is connected to the gas inlet of the nitrogen-oxygen mixture compressor 10 via a pipeline. The gas outlet of the nitrogen-oxygen mixture compressor 10 is connected to the gas inlet of the ammonia synthesis tower 11 via a pipeline. The liquid outlet of the ammonia synthesis tower 11 is connected to the ammonia water tank 12 via a pipeline. The liquid outlet of the ammonia water tank 12 is connected to the liquid inlet of the carbonization tower 13 via a pipeline. The carbon dioxide outlet of the syngas conversion separation tower 9 is connected to the gas inlet of the carbonization tower 13 via a pipeline. The material outlet of the carbonization tower 13 is connected to the centrifugal dryer 14 via a pipeline. The centrifugal dryer 14 is connected to the feed inlet. The mother liquor outlet of the centrifugal dryer 14 is connected to the feed inlet of the ammonia tank 12 through a pipeline. The sodium chloride outlet of the gasifier 5 is connected to the feed inlet of the saturated brine tank 15 through a pipeline. The outlet of the saturated brine tank 15 is connected to the feed inlet of the ion membrane electrolyzer 16 through a pipeline. The ion membrane electrolyzer 16 is provided with a chlorine outlet, a hydrogen outlet and a sodium hydroxide outlet. The hydrogen outlet is connected to the inlet of the nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas compressor 10 through a pipeline.

[0038] When using this embodiment:

[0039] Hydrocarbon hazardous solid waste, hazardous waste salt, additives (powder solubilizer), and water are mixed into a slurry in mixing tank 1 and oxygen is generated by low temperature distillation air separation unit 4 and enters gasifier 5 through multi-channel nozzle.

[0040] Solid waste ultrafine powder and fly ash are fed into the gasifier 5 through a multi-channel nozzle generated by the powder silo, continuous conveying device 2, and low temperature distillation air separation device 4 to produce oxygen.

[0041] High-concentration organic wastewater is mixed with organic wastewater and waste liquid in organic wastewater and waste liquid 3 and low-temperature distillation and air separation unit 4 to generate oxygen, which then enters gasification furnace 5 through multi-channel nozzles.

[0042] Various hazardous solid waste materials, such as slurry, liquid and powder, are fed into gasifier 5 for co-gasification. The pure oxygen high-temperature gasification temperature is above 1300℃. The melting produces a small amount of glassy ash residue. After the gasification syngas is washed and purified by syngas washing and purification tower 6, part of the syngas enters methanol synthesis tower 7 and methanol distillation and purification tower 8 to synthesize methanol. The ash water produced by syngas washing and purification tower 6, the distillation residue and wastewater produced by methanol distillation and purification tower 8 are returned to mixing slurry tank 1.

[0043] Another part of the syngas is converted into hydrogen and carbon dioxide by the syngas conversion and separation tower 9. The hydrogen and nitrogen produced by the cryogenic distillation air separation unit 4 enter the ammonia synthesis tower 11 through the nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas compressor 10 to synthesize liquid ammonia and enter the ammonia water tank 12. The liquid ammonia and carbon dioxide react in the carbonization tower 13 and centrifugal dryer 14 to generate ammonium bicarbonate.

[0044] Sodium chloride, a byproduct purified by high-temperature gasification and melting, is dissolved in water to prepare saturated brine, which enters the saturated brine tank 15. The saturated brine is then electrolyzed in the ion-exchange membrane electrolysis cell 16 to produce chlorine and hydrogen, byproducts of caustic soda. The hydrogen is then transported to the nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas compressor 10 for use in the ammonia synthesis process. Example 2

[0045] like Figure 2As shown: Mixing slurry tank 1 is used to mix hydrocarbon waste, fly ash, hazardous waste salts, water, and additives; powder silo 2 is used to hold ultrafine solid waste powder; organic wastewater / waste liquid mixing device 3 is used for mixing high-concentration organic wastewater / waste liquid; the inlet of gasifier 5 is connected to the outlets of mixing slurry tank 1, powder silo 2, and organic wastewater / waste liquid mixing device 3, respectively. The inlet of gasifier 5 is also connected to the oxygen outlet of cryogenic distillation air separation unit 4 via an oxygen inlet pipeline. Equipped with multi-channel nozzles, the gasifier 5 also has a sodium chloride outlet and a syngas outlet. The syngas outlet of the gasifier 5 is connected to the gas inlet of the syngas scrubbing and purification tower 6 via a pipeline. The gas outlet of the syngas scrubbing and purification tower 6 is connected to the gas inlets of the methanol synthesis tower 7 and the syngas conversion and separation tower 9 via pipelines. The waste residue and waste liquid outlets of the methanol synthesis tower 7 and the ash water outlet of the syngas scrubbing and purification tower 6 are both connected to the feed inlet of the mixing slurry tank 1 via pipelines. The hydrogen outlet of the gas conversion separator 9 and the nitrogen outlet of the cryogenic distillation air separation unit 4 are connected to the gas inlet of the nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas compressor 10 via pipelines. The gas outlet of the nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas compressor 10 is connected to the gas inlet of the ammonia synthesis tower 11 via pipelines. The liquid outlet of the ammonia synthesis tower 11 is connected to the ammonia water tank 12 via pipelines. The liquid outlet of the ammonia water tank 12 is connected to the liquid inlet of the carbonization tower 13 via pipelines. The carbon dioxide outlet of the gas conversion separator 9 is connected to the gas inlet of the carbonization tower 13 via pipelines. The material outlet of the carbonization tower 13 is connected to the feed inlet of the centrifugal dryer 14 via pipelines. The centrifugal dryer 14 is provided with a mother liquor outlet and an ammonium bicarbonate outlet. The mother liquor outlet of the centrifugal dryer 14 is connected to the feed inlet of the ammonia water tank 12 via pipelines. The sodium chloride outlet of the gasifier 5 and the ammonium bicarbonate outlet of the centrifugal dryer 14 are respectively connected to the feed inlet of the metathesis reactor 17 via pipelines. The metathesis reactor 17 is also provided with a sodium bicarbonate outlet and an ammonium chloride outlet.

[0046] When using this embodiment:

[0047] Hydrocarbon hazardous solid waste, hazardous waste salt, additives (powder solubilizer), and water are mixed into a slurry in mixing tank 1 and oxygen is generated by low temperature distillation air separation unit 4 and enters gasifier 5 through multi-channel nozzle.

[0048] Solid waste ultrafine powder and fly ash are fed into the gasifier 5 through a multi-channel nozzle generated by the powder silo, continuous conveying device 2, and low temperature distillation air separation device 4 to produce oxygen.

[0049] High-concentration organic wastewater is mixed with organic wastewater and waste liquid in organic wastewater and waste liquid 3 and low-temperature distillation and air separation unit 4 to generate oxygen, which then enters gasification furnace 5 through multi-channel nozzles.

[0050] Various hazardous solid waste materials, such as slurry, liquid and powder, are fed into gasifier 5 for co-gasification. The pure oxygen high-temperature gasification temperature is above 1300℃. The melting produces a small amount of glassy ash residue. After the gasification syngas is washed and purified by syngas washing and purification tower 6, part of the syngas enters methanol synthesis tower 7 and methanol distillation and purification tower 8 to synthesize methanol. The ash water produced by syngas washing and purification tower 6, the distillation residue and wastewater produced by methanol distillation and purification tower 8 are returned to mixing slurry tank 1.

[0051] Another part of the syngas is converted into hydrogen and carbon dioxide by the syngas conversion and separation tower 9. The hydrogen and nitrogen produced by the cryogenic distillation air separation unit 4 enter the ammonia synthesis tower 11 through the nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas compressor 10 to synthesize liquid ammonia and enter the ammonia water tank 12. The liquid ammonia and carbon dioxide react in the carbonization tower 13 and centrifugal dryer 14 to generate ammonium bicarbonate.

[0052] The byproducts sodium chloride and ammonium bicarbonate purified by high-temperature gasification and melting in gasifier 5 are reacted in metathesis reactor 17 to synthesize sodium bicarbonate and ammonium chloride.

[0053] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of this utility model.

Claims

1. A multi-class organic hazardous solid waste synergistic gasification resourceful clean utilization device, characterized in that The system includes a gasifier, whose inlet is connected to the outlet of a mixing slurry tank, a powder silo, and an organic wastewater / waste liquid mixing device. The gasifier's inlet is also connected to the oxygen outlet of a low-temperature distillation air separation unit via an oxygen inlet pipeline. The gasifier also has a sodium chloride outlet and a syngas outlet. The syngas outlet is connected to the gas inlet of a syngas scrubbing and purification tower via a pipeline. The gas outlet of the syngas scrubbing and purification tower is connected to the gas inlets of a methanol synthesis tower and a syngas conversion and separation tower via pipelines. The waste residue / waste liquid outlet of the methanol synthesis tower and the ash water outlet of the syngas scrubbing and purification tower are both connected to the inlet of the mixing slurry tank via pipelines. The hydrogen outlet of the gas conversion separator and the nitrogen outlet of the cryogenic distillation air separation unit are connected to the gas inlet of the nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas compressor via pipelines. The gas outlet of the nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas compressor is connected to the gas inlet of the ammonia synthesis tower via pipelines. The liquid outlet of the ammonia synthesis tower is connected to the ammonia tank via pipelines. The liquid outlet of the ammonia tank is connected to the liquid inlet of the carbonization tower via pipelines. The carbon dioxide outlet of the syngas conversion separator is connected to the gas inlet of the carbonization tower via pipelines. The material outlet of the carbonization tower is connected to the feed inlet of the centrifugal dryer via pipelines. The centrifugal dryer has a mother liquor outlet and an ammonium bicarbonate outlet. The mother liquor outlet of the centrifugal dryer is connected to the feed inlet of the ammonia tank via pipelines.

2. The multi-category organic hazardous solid waste co-gasification resource utilization and clean utilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that... The sodium chloride outlet of the gasifier is connected to the inlet of the saturated brine tank via a pipeline. The outlet of the saturated brine tank is connected to the inlet of the ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer via a pipeline. The ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer is equipped with a chlorine outlet, a hydrogen outlet, and a sodium hydroxide outlet. The hydrogen outlet is connected to the inlet of the nitrogen-oxygen mixture compressor via a pipeline.

3. The multi-category organic hazardous solid waste co-gasification resource utilization and clean utilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that... The sodium chloride outlet of the gasifier and the ammonium bicarbonate outlet of the centrifugal dryer are connected to the feed inlet of the metathesis reactor via pipelines. The metathesis reactor is also equipped with a sodium bicarbonate outlet and an ammonium chloride outlet.

4. The multi-class organic hazardous solid waste synergic gasification resourceful clean utilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that The gasifier is equipped with a multi-channel nozzle at the feed inlet.

Images