Temporary supporting device suitable for tunneling of broken surrounding rock roadway in pedaling area

Abstract

The utility model discloses a temporary support device suitable for tunneling a broken surrounding rock roadway in a pedaling area, which comprises a single hydraulic prop comprising a sleeve and a piston rod, and the piston rod is movably arranged in the sleeve and is driven by hydraulic oil in the sleeve to realize axial extension and retraction; the connecting base is coaxially installed at the top of the piston rod, a plurality of connecting grooves are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the connecting base, supporting rods are detachably installed in the connecting grooves, and the supporting rods are horizontally arranged; the piston rod is coaxially sleeved with the supporting seat, the bottom of the supporting seat is fixedly connected with the upper end of the sleeve, a plurality of hinged supports are evenly distributed on the upper surface of the supporting seat in the circumferential direction, each hinged support is hinged to one end of a supporting rod, the other end of the supporting rod is hinged to a sliding seat, and the sliding seat is in sliding connection with the supporting rod. The active temporary support can be realized when the roadway in the kick-out area is tunneled, the roof protection area is increased, meanwhile, the mounting operation is convenient, and the rapid tunneling is facilitated.

Description

A temporary support device suitable for tunnel excavation in fractured surrounding rock in the goaf area. Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a temporary support device suitable for tunneling in broken surrounding rock in the tunneling zone, belonging to the field of coal mine tunneling support. Background Technology

[0002] The underground working environment in coal mines is complex, and temporary support is a crucial link in ensuring safe production during coal roadway excavation. Especially in roadways in the goaf area, where the surrounding rock is severely fractured, how to achieve safe and efficient temporary support during excavation has become an urgent problem to be solved.

[0003] With the advancement of coal mine modernization, temporary support technology for coal roadways has also developed rapidly. Commonly used technologies include forward-mounted beam support, machine-mounted support, and point-column support. Forward-mounted beam support requires constant disassembly and installation, increasing roadway excavation time, and cannot achieve active support, resulting in poor roof control. Machine-mounted temporary support has high requirements for equipment integration and maintenance; malfunctions can affect both excavation and support effectiveness, and initial investment is substantial. Point-column temporary support uses single or multiple columns to support the coal roadway roof, allowing for rapid adjustment of support position and quantity as needed, suitable for various geological conditions and excavation speeds. However, its roof control area is relatively small, making it prone to roof collapse. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this utility model provides a temporary support device suitable for tunneling in broken surrounding rock in the void area. It enables active temporary support during tunneling in the void area, increases the roof support area, and is easy to install and operate, which is conducive to rapid tunneling.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model employs a temporary support device suitable for tunnel excavation in fractured surrounding rock in a goaf area, comprising:

[0006] A single hydraulic prop includes a sleeve and a piston rod, wherein the piston rod is movably installed inside the sleeve and is driven by hydraulic oil inside the sleeve to achieve axial extension and retraction;

[0007] A connecting seat is coaxially mounted on the top of the piston rod. The connecting seat has multiple connecting grooves evenly distributed around its circumference. A support rod is detachably installed in the connecting groove, and each support rod is horizontally arranged.

[0008] A support seat is coaxially mounted on the piston rod. The bottom of the support seat is fixedly connected to the upper end of the sleeve. Multiple hinged supports are evenly distributed circumferentially on the upper surface of the support seat. Each hinged support is hinged to one end of the support rod, and the other end of the support rod is hinged to a sliding seat. The sliding seat is slidably connected to the support rod.

[0009] As an improvement, the support base includes an annular support body, the inner diameter of which is larger than the diameter of the piston rod and smaller than the diameter of the sleeve.

[0010] As an improvement, the hinged support includes a base plate and two hinged lugs fixed on the base plate. The base plate is fixed to the upper surface of the support body, and the lower end of the support rod is connected to the hinged lugs via a pin.

[0011] As an improvement, the connecting seat includes a cylindrical connecting seat body with a groove at the center of its bottom. The diameter of the groove matches the diameter of the piston rod, and the connecting seat is mounted on the top of the piston rod through the groove.

[0012] As an improvement, the connecting seat is provided with a limiting hole in the circumference that extends through the connecting groove in the axial direction, and one end of the support rod is provided with a through hole that matches the limiting hole. The support rod is installed in the connecting groove by a limiting pin.

[0013] As an improvement, the shape of the connecting groove matches the cross-sectional shape of the support rod.

[0014] As an improvement, the sliding seat includes a sliding seat body, and the sliding seat body is provided with a sliding hole that matches the shape of the support rod.

[0015] As an improvement, the lower part of the sliding seat is provided with two connecting lugs, which are connected to the upper end of the support rod by a pivot pin.

[0016] As an improvement, the length of the support rod is greater than the length of the piston rod.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0018] 1. This utility model, through the coordinated design of the support seat, connecting seat and sliding seat, and the linkage structure of the support rod and the support rod, significantly increases the top protection coverage of the single hydraulic prop, enhances the support rigidity and stability, realizes active support for the fractured surrounding rock, and effectively suppresses the deformation of the surrounding rock.

[0019] 2. The sliding engagement mechanism of the support rod and the sliding seat is adopted, which can flexibly adapt to different column lifting height requirements under the condition of fixed support rod length, thus improving the versatility and environmental adaptability of the device.

[0020] 3. The device is highly compatible and can be customized to match different specifications of single hydraulic props. The installation process is simple and quick, requiring no complicated equipment or professional technology. At the same time, the low-cost design concept effectively controls construction costs, combining practicality and economy. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the support base in this utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the connecting seat in this utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the sliding seat in this utility model;

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Single hydraulic support; 11. Piston rod; 2. Support seat; 21. Support seat body; 22. Hinge ear plate; 23. Base plate; 3. Connecting seat; 31. Connecting seat body; 32. Connecting groove; 33. Limiting hole; 34. Groove; 4. Support rod; 5. Sliding seat; 51. Sliding seat body; 52. Sliding hole; 53. Connecting ear plate; 6. Support rod; 7. Shaft pin. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of this application will be described in detail below through specific embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments of this application and the specific features in the embodiments are detailed descriptions of the technical solutions of this application, rather than limitations on the technical solutions of this application. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of this application and the technical features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0028] As shown in Figures 1-4, a temporary support device suitable for tunnel excavation in broken surrounding rock in a goaf area includes a single hydraulic prop 1, a connecting seat 3, and a support seat 2. The single hydraulic prop 1 includes a sleeve and a piston rod 11. The piston rod 11 is movably installed in the sleeve and is driven by hydraulic oil in the sleeve to achieve axial extension and retraction. The connecting seat 3 is coaxially installed on the top of the piston rod 11. The connecting seat 3 has multiple connecting grooves 32 evenly distributed around its circumference. Support rods 4 are detachably installed in the connecting grooves 32, and each support rod 4 is horizontally arranged. The support seat 2 is coaxially fitted on the piston rod 11. The bottom of the support seat 2 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the sleeve. The upper surface of the support seat 2 has multiple hinged supports evenly distributed around its circumference. Each hinged support is hinged to one end of a support rod 6, and the other end of the support rod 6 is hinged to a sliding seat 5. The sliding seat 5 is slidably connected to the support rod 4.

[0029] This temporary support device, through the coordinated design of hydraulic drive and mechanical structure, achieves the overall advantages of "dynamic support - three-dimensional protection - efficient construction" in tunnel excavation in broken surrounding rock in the tunnel face: the sliding seat 5 and the support rod 4 slide together, allowing the support rod 6 to adapt to different lifting heights even when the length is fixed, matching the height changes during tunnel excavation without replacing parts, thus improving support efficiency; the connecting seat 3 installs multiple horizontal support rods 4 through the circumferential connecting groove 32, forming a ring support surface, transforming the point support of a single support column into surface support, significantly expanding the roof support area, evenly distributing the surrounding rock pressure, and preventing local collapse; the various components of the device (such as support rods and support rods) can be disassembled and transported, quickly erected on-site through the hydraulic system, and can be repeatedly recycled and reused as the tunnel face advances, reducing material consumption.

[0030] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the support base 2 includes an annular support body 21. The inner diameter of the support body 21 is larger than the diameter of the piston rod 11, allowing the support base 2 to be directly coaxially fitted onto the piston rod 11 without additional disassembly or complex installation steps, thus improving on-site construction efficiency. Simultaneously, the inner diameter of the support body 21 is smaller than the sleeve diameter, ensuring that the support base 2 is confined to the upper end of the sleeve after fitting, preventing it from sliding off along the piston rod 11 axially, thus forming a stable installation reference. Furthermore, the bottom of the support base 2 is fixedly connected to the sleeve, forming a rigid connection with the single hydraulic support 1. This allows the top load transmitted by the support rod 4 to be evenly distributed to the upper end of the sleeve through the support body 21, preventing the piston rod 11 from bearing localized concentrated stress and improving the overall structure's resistance to deformation. When the piston rod 11 extends or retracts to a specified height, the position of the sliding seat 5 is manually adjusted so that the upper and lower ends of the support rod 6 are hinged to the sliding seat 5 and the support base 2, respectively.

[0031] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG2, the hinged support includes a base plate 23 and two hinged lugs 22 fixed on the base plate 23. The base plate 23 is fixed to the upper surface of the support body 21, and the lower end of the support rod 6 is connected to the hinged lugs 22 via a pin 7. The base plate 23 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the support body 21 (e.g., by welding or bolting) to form a large-area contact mounting base surface, which can evenly distribute the load transmitted by the support rod 6 to the support 2 and avoid local stress concentration. This structure adapts to the dynamic changes in surrounding rock pressure during tunnel excavation, ensuring that the hinged support does not shift or deform under long-term stress. The two hinged lugs 22 are vertically fixed to the base plate 23, forming a U-shaped clamping structure. The lower end of the support rod 6 is inserted between the two lugs and connected through the pin 7. The structure, through its symmetrical force design, restricts the horizontal swing of the support rod 6, allowing it to rotate only axially around the pivot pin 7. This ensures that the force direction of the support rod 6 remains stable during the support process, preventing structural failure due to eccentric loads.

[0032] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG3, the connecting seat 3 includes a cylindrical connecting seat body 31. A groove 34 is formed at the center of the bottom of the connecting seat body 31. The diameter of the groove 34 matches the diameter of the piston rod 11. The connecting seat 3 is mounted on the top of the piston rod 11 through the groove 34. For example, the connecting seat 3 can be directly fitted onto the top of the piston rod 11 through the groove 34, or the connecting seat 3 can be welded or bolted to the top of the piston rod 11. The groove 34 enables coaxial positioning of the connecting seat 3 on the top of the piston rod 11, avoiding uneven force distribution caused by installation deviations. This structure is similar to a positioning stop structure, ensuring the fixed position of the connecting seat 3 in the axial and radial directions, thus improving the overall stability of the device.

[0033] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG3, the connecting seat 31 is provided with a limiting hole 33 extending axially through the connecting groove 32 in the circumferential direction. One end of the support rod 4 is provided with a through hole that mates with the limiting hole 33. The support rod 4 is installed in the connecting groove 32 by a limiting pin. After being fixed by the limiting pin, the support rod 4 can be accurately positioned in the axial direction. This structure ensures that the support rod 4 is perpendicular to or at a preset angle to the axis of the connecting seat 31 during installation, avoiding uneven force due to installation deviation, thereby improving the stability of the support structure. After the limiting pin is inserted, it can prevent the support rod 4 from radially displacing or rotating in the connecting groove 32. In the excavation of roadways with broken surrounding rock, deformation of the surrounding rock may cause fluctuations in the force on the support device. The limiting pin can effectively prevent the support rod 4 from loosening and falling off, ensuring the continuous transmission of support force and avoiding safety hazards caused by connection failure. Furthermore, when the support rod 4 needs replacement or maintenance, it can be quickly disassembled by simply pulling out the limiting pin, facilitating the replacement of damaged parts during on-site construction, improving work efficiency, and also enabling the reuse of the device, thus reducing costs. The matching design of the limiting hole 33 and the through hole of the support rod ensures a rigid connection between the connecting seat 31 and the support rod 4. Under stress, the surrounding rock pressure borne by the support rod 4 can be evenly transmitted to the connecting seat 31 through the limiting pin, and then transmitted to the individual hydraulic prop 1 through the piston rod 6, avoiding local stress concentration and extending the service life of the device.

[0034] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG3, the shape of the connecting groove 32 matches the cross-sectional shape of the support rod 4 (e.g., square), enabling surface contact and fit between the two. This avoids gaps or misalignments caused by shape mismatch, ensuring that the axis of the support rod 4 is highly aligned with the axis of the connecting groove during installation. This structurally eliminates installation deviations and improves positioning accuracy. The overall shape of the connecting groove 32 can be cubic. The contact surface of the connecting groove 32 and the support rod 4, which matches the shape, can evenly transfer the load (e.g., surrounding rock pressure, vibration load, etc.) borne by the support rod 4 to the connecting seat 31.

[0035] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG4, the sliding seat 5 includes a sliding seat body 51, and the sliding seat body 51 is provided with a sliding hole 52 (such as circular, square, etc.) that matches the shape of the support rod 4. This ensures that the support rod 4 can slide freely axially within the sliding hole 52, while restricting its radial rotation or offset. The lower part of the sliding seat body 51 is provided with two connecting lugs 53, and the connecting lugs 53 are connected to the upper end of the support rod 6 through a shaft pin 7 to form a rotating pair. This structure allows the support rod 6 to swing around the shaft pin 7 on the connecting lugs 53, thereby adjusting the tilt angle of the support rod 6 to adapt to different column lifting height requirements.

[0036] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG1, the length of the support rod 6 is greater than the length of the piston rod 11, which allows the support structure to have a greater range of extension in the vertical direction.

[0037] The specific usage method of this temporary support device applicable to tunnel excavation in fractured surrounding rock in the goaf area is as follows:

[0038] S1. Vertically fix the single hydraulic support 1, and coaxially insert the support seat 2 into the piston rod 11 from above, so that its bottom is fixed to the upper end of the sleeve (it can be pre-fixed by welding or bolts), ensuring that the hinge support of the support seat 2 faces upward.

[0039] S2. Align the groove 34 of the cylindrical connecting seat 31 with the top of the piston rod 11, and fit it onto the piston rod 11 through the groove 34 to ensure that the connecting seat 3 and the piston rod 11 are coaxial.

[0040] S3. Insert one end of the support rod 4 into the connecting groove 32 of the connecting seat 3, align the through hole of the support rod with the limiting hole 33, insert the limiting pin and lock it to ensure that the support rod 4 is evenly distributed horizontally (e.g., 4-6 rods are installed at equal intervals).

[0041] S4. Align the sliding hole 52 of the sliding seat 5 with the support rod 4, and fit it axially to the middle position of the support rod 4, without fixing it for now;

[0042] S5. The pump station supplies fluid to the single hydraulic prop 1, driving the piston rod 11 to extend axially until the connecting seat 3 presses against the roadway roof. The support force is monitored by the pressure gauge, and the verticality of the prop is adjusted (deviation ≤ 2°).

[0043] S6. Insert the lower end of the support rod 6 between the hinged lugs 22 of the support base 2, connect them through the shaft pin 7, and lock them with a cotter pin to ensure that the support rod can rotate freely around the shaft pin.

[0044] S7. Move the sliding seat 5 along the axis of the support rod 4 until the upper end of the support rod 6 is aligned with the connecting ear plate 53 of the sliding seat 5, insert the shaft pin 7 to fix it, and form a triangular stable structure of "support seat-support rod-sliding seat". Adjust the position of the sliding seat 5 to adapt to the roadway height (allow ±100mm height deviation).

[0045] S8. Check whether the pins at each connection point are secure and whether there is any oil leakage in the hydraulic system; tap the support rod 4 to confirm that there is no looseness or abnormal noise; observe the surrounding rock surface to ensure that the support rod is tightly fitted to the roof plate without any obvious gap (gap ≤ 50mm).

[0046] S9. Device Recovery and Relocation

[0047] Disassemble the linkage structure: Pull out the pin 7 between the sliding seat 5 and the support rod 6, and then pull out the pin 7 between the support rod 6 and the support seat 2;

[0048] Depressurization and unlocking: Turn off the hydraulic pump station and slowly release the hydraulic oil in the support column to lower the piston rod 11 to the lowest position;

[0049] Disassemble the support rod: Pull out the limiting pin of support rod 4 and remove support rod 4 (this step can be omitted if the whole rod needs to be moved);

[0050] Overall relocation: The single hydraulic prop 1, together with the support seat 2 and the connecting seat 3, is moved to the new support position manually or mechanically;

[0051] Cyclic installation: Starting from S5, repeat the process of raising the column, connecting the support rod and sliding seat to complete the support at the new position.

[0052] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A temporary support device suitable for tunnel excavation in fractured surrounding rock in a goaf area, characterized in that, include: A single hydraulic prop (1) includes a sleeve and a piston rod (11), wherein the piston rod (11) is movably installed inside the sleeve and is driven by hydraulic oil inside the sleeve to achieve axial extension and retraction; A connecting seat (3) is coaxially mounted on the top of the piston rod (11). The connecting seat (3) has multiple connecting grooves (32) evenly distributed around its circumference. A support rod (4) is detachably installed in the connecting groove (32). Each support rod (4) is horizontally positioned. A support seat (2) is coaxially mounted on the piston rod (11). The bottom of the support seat (2) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the sleeve. Multiple hinged supports are evenly distributed around the upper surface of the support seat (2). Each hinged support is hinged to one end of the support rod (6). The other end of the support rod (6) is hinged to the sliding seat (5). The sliding seat (5) is slidably connected to the support rod (4).

2. The temporary support device for tunnel excavation in fractured surrounding rock in a goaf area according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support base (2) includes an annular support body (21), the inner diameter of which is larger than the diameter of the piston rod (11) and smaller than the diameter of the sleeve.

3. A temporary support device for tunnel excavation in fractured surrounding rock in a goaf area, as described in claim 2, is characterized in that, The hinged support includes a base plate (23) and two hinged lugs (22) fixed on the base plate (23). The base plate (23) is fixed on the upper surface of the support body (21). The lower end of the support rod (6) is connected to the hinged lugs (22) through a pin (7).

4. A temporary support device for tunnel excavation in fractured surrounding rock in a goaf area, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that, The connecting seat (3) includes a cylindrical connecting seat body (31), and a groove (34) is opened at the bottom center of the connecting seat body (31). The diameter of the groove (34) matches the diameter of the piston rod (11). The connecting seat (3) is installed on the top of the piston rod (11) through the groove (34).

5. A temporary support device for tunnel excavation in fractured surrounding rock in a goaf area, as described in claim 4, is characterized in that, The connecting seat (31) is provided with a limiting hole (33) that extends through the connecting groove (32) along the axial direction. One end of the support rod (4) is provided with a through hole that matches the limiting hole (33). The support rod (4) is installed in the connecting groove (32) by a limiting pin.

6. A temporary support device for tunnel excavation in fractured surrounding rock in a goaf area, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that, The shape of the connecting groove (32) matches the cross-sectional shape of the support rod (4).

7. A temporary support device for tunnel excavation in fractured surrounding rock in a goaf area, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that, The sliding seat (5) includes a sliding seat body (51), and the sliding seat body (51) is provided with a sliding hole (52) that matches the shape of the support rod (4).

8. A temporary support device for tunnel excavation in fractured surrounding rock in a goaf area, as described in claim 7, is characterized in that, The lower part of the sliding seat (51) is provided with two connecting ear plates (53), which are connected to the upper end of the support rod (6) through a shaft pin (7).

9. A temporary support device for tunnel excavation in fractured surrounding rock in a goaf area, as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The length of the support rod (6) is greater than the length of the piston rod (11).

Images