Device for improving specific surface area and adsorption performance of coal gasification fly ash
By treating coal gasification fly ash under a nitrogen atmosphere, the environmental pollution and resource waste caused by high carbon content are solved, and the fly ash is efficiently converted into high-performance adsorbent materials for use in wastewater purification and waste gas treatment.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- XINJIANG UNIVERSITY
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-05
AI Technical Summary
The high carbon content of fly ash produced by circulating fluidized bed coal gasification technology leads to environmental pollution and resource waste. Existing steam activation methods consume a lot of resources and have low carbon conversion rates.
The fly ash is treated using calcination and atmosphere components under a nitrogen atmosphere to suppress carbon oxidation and transform it into a high-performance adsorbent material. The specific surface area and adsorption performance of the fly ash are improved through cyclone separation and multi-layer filtration.
It effectively reduces CO2 emissions, improves the structure and performance of fly ash, realizes resource recycling, has low production costs, excellent performance, and is suitable for wastewater purification and waste gas treatment.
Smart Images
Figure CN224199134U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of coal gasification fly ash treatment, specifically to a device for improving the specific surface area and adsorption performance of coal gasification fly ash. Background Technology
[0002] Circulating fluidized bed coal gasification technology is widely used in industrial production, but the resulting coal gasification fly ash brings many problems. On the one hand, as a high-carbon industrial solid waste, the large-scale accumulation of gasification fly ash not only occupies land resources but may also pollute the environment. On the other hand, its high carbon content limits its use in the building materials field, and the current main treatment method is direct combustion, which leads to serious CO2 emissions and resource waste.
[0003] In existing technologies, fly ash is mainly treated by physical activation with steam. This method requires a high temperature of 1000℃ and the activation effect is best when the carbon conversion rate reaches 45%. This method not only has a high activation temperature and consumes a large amount of steam, but also discards nearly half of the fixed carbon, resulting in low resource utilization.
[0004] To this end, we propose a device to improve the specific surface area and adsorption performance of coal gasification fly ash. Summary of the Invention
[0005] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a device for improving the specific surface area and adsorption performance of coal gasification fly ash.
[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:
[0007] An apparatus for improving the specific surface area and adsorption performance of fly ash from coal gasification includes: a gasification component, including a feed inlet and a gas inlet, for gasifying fine coal particles to generate a coal gas mixture; a cyclone separator component, with its feed end connected to the discharge end of the gasifier, for separating particulate matter and gas in the coal gas mixture; a dust removal component, with its feed end connected to the discharge end of the cyclone separator component, for filtering pulverized coal in the coal gas mixture; a calcination component, with its feed end connected to the discharge end of the dust removal component via a transmission component, for calcining the fly ash filtered by the dust removal component; and an atmosphere component, connected to the calcination chamber within the calcination component, for providing a nitrogen atmosphere to the calcination component.
[0008] By setting up calcination components and atmosphere components, and introducing nitrogen into the calcination components, calcination is carried out in a nitrogen atmosphere, which can effectively inhibit carbon oxidation reaction and reduce CO2 emissions. At the same time, it transforms coal gasification fly ash into high-performance adsorbent materials, achieving the circular economy goal of "treating pollution with waste". The calcined fly ash has achieved a breakthrough in structure and performance, not only overcoming the high loss of fixed carbon defects of traditional technologies, but also realizing fly ash treatment through a green and low-carbon process. Moreover, the resulting material has low production cost and excellent performance, and can replace traditional activated carbon in wastewater purification, waste gas treatment and heavy metal adsorption.
[0009] Further defining the gasification assembly, it also includes a gasifier tube, a fluidized bed, a furnace outlet, and a slag discharge port. The feed inlet is located on the lower section of the gasifier tube wall, the fluidized bed is located inside the gasifier tube, the gas inlet is located on the gasifier tube below the fluidized bed, the slag discharge port is located at the bottom of the gasifier tube and can be sealed, and the furnace outlet is located at the top of the gasifier tube. Particle-shaped coal particles are added through the feed inlet, and a gasifying agent consisting of oxygen-enriched air and high-temperature steam is introduced through the gas inlet. An oxidation-reduction reaction occurs inside the gasifier tube to generate a coal gas mixture, which is then discharged from the furnace outlet into the next piece of equipment. The structure is simple and easy to use.
[0010] Further defining the cyclone separation assembly, it includes a first cyclone separator and a second cyclone separator. The first cyclone separator includes a first separation cylinder, a first inlet, a first outlet, a first air outlet, a return feeder, and a semi-coke return pipe. The separation cylinder is conical with a small-diameter section at the bottom. The first inlet is located on the upper side wall of the first separation cylinder, the first outlet is located on the bottom end face of the first separation cylinder, the first air outlet is located on the top end face of the first separation cylinder, the return feeder is located inside the first outlet, and the top end of the semi-coke return pipe is connected to the return feeder, and the bottom end is connected to the side wall of the gasifier tube.
[0011] By setting up a first cyclone separator and a second cyclone separator, the gas mixture discharged from the furnace outlet enters tangentially from the first inlet of the first cyclone separator to form an external cyclone flow. The remaining semi-coke in the gas mixture returns to the gasifier tube from the semi-coke return pipe due to gravity for a second reaction, so that the reaction is more thorough. By setting up two-stage cyclone separators, the gas mixture can be separated more thoroughly.
[0012] Further defined, the second cyclone separator includes a second separation cylinder, a second inlet, a second outlet, and a second air outlet; the second separation cylinder is also conical with a small diameter section at the bottom, the second inlet is located on the upper side wall of the second separation cylinder, the second outlet is located on the bottom end face of the second separation cylinder, and the second air outlet is located on the top end face of the second separation cylinder; the first air outlet and the second inlet are connected by a pipe; the coal gas mixture is separated in a secondary manner by the second cyclone separator, the separated fly ash falls into the storage container due to gravity, and the lighter coal gas mixture is discharged from the second air outlet into the next device.
[0013] Further defined, the dust removal assembly includes a clean air chamber, a filter chamber, an ash hopper, an air inlet, an exhaust outlet, and a discharge outlet; the clean air chamber, filter chamber, and ash hopper are connected and interconnected from top to bottom, the air inlet is located on the side wall of the filter chamber, the exhaust outlet is located on the side wall of the clean air chamber, the discharge outlet is located at the bottom of the ash hopper, the second air outlet is connected to the air inlet through a pipe, and the discharge outlet and the second air outlet are connected to the storage container through a pipe; the gas mixture is filtered again by the dust removal assembly, and the filtered fly ash enters the storage container from the discharge outlet, while the gas is discharged from the exhaust outlet. Multiple filtrations enable the fly ash in the gas mixture to be collected to the maximum extent.
[0014] Further specifying, the transmission assembly includes a feeding pipe, a feeding auger, and a feeding motor; the discharge end of the storage container is connected to the inlet end of the feeding pipe, the feeding auger is located inside the feeding pipe, the feeding motor is located at one end of the feeding pipe, and its output shaft extends into the feeding pipe and is fixedly connected to the feeding auger.
[0015] Further defining the calcination components, the calcination furnace body includes a calcination furnace tube, a sealing cover, a platform, a spiral pusher, a crucible, an atmosphere inlet, and an atmosphere outlet. The calcination furnace body covers the circumference of the calcination furnace tube. The sealing cover is detachably connected to the calcination furnace tube. The platform is connected to the bottom of the calcination furnace tube via a spiral pusher, which is threaded to the bottom surface of the calcination furnace tube for lifting and lowering. The crucible is placed on the platform. The atmosphere inlet is located on the sealing cover, and the atmosphere outlet is located at the bottom of the calcination furnace body. The discharge end of the feed pipe is connected to the feed end at the top of the calcination furnace tube via a pipe. By setting up the calcination furnace body, fly ash is placed inside for calcination. During the calcination process, a uniformly distributed mesoporous network is formed inside the fly ash, which can significantly enhance its adsorption activity. The platform and spiral pusher facilitate feeding and discharging.
[0016] Further defining the atmosphere components, the atmosphere components include a nitrogen source container and a ventilation control valve; the inlet end of the ventilation control valve is connected to the nitrogen source container, and the outlet end is connected to the atmosphere inlet; by setting up the nitrogen source container and the ventilation control valve, nitrogen is continuously introduced into the calcination furnace during the calcination of fly ash, so that the interior is maintained in a nitrogen atmosphere, and excess nitrogen is discharged from the atmosphere outlet of the calcination furnace. The nitrogen atmosphere can effectively inhibit carbon oxidation reaction, reduce CO2 emissions, and is more environmentally friendly.
[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: by setting up calcination components and atmosphere components, the fly ash that has undergone multi-layer filtration is subjected to inert gas atmosphere calcination treatment, which can effectively suppress the emission of CO2 during the calcination process and effectively improve the structure and performance of the fly ash, making it more adsorbent. Attached Figure Description
[0018] Figure 1 This is a simplified schematic diagram showing the connection relationship of the various devices in this utility model.
[0019] The symbols for each component are as follows:
[0020] Gasification assembly 1, feed inlet 11, gas inlet 12, gasifier tube 13, fluidized bed 14, furnace body outlet 15, slag discharge port 16; Cyclone separator assembly 2, first cyclone separator 21, first separator cylinder 211, first inlet 212, first outlet 213, first gas outlet 214, return feeder 215, semi-coke return pipe 216; second cyclone separator 22, second separator cylinder 221, second inlet 222, second outlet 223, second gas outlet 22 4. Dust removal assembly 3. Clean air chamber 31. Filter chamber 32. Ash hopper 33. Air inlet 34. Exhaust port 35. Discharge port 36. Storage container 4. Transmission assembly 5. Feeding pipe 51. Feeding auger 52. Feeding motor 53. Calcination assembly 6. Calcination furnace body 61. Calcination furnace tube 62. Sealing cover 63. Platform 64. Spiral push rod 65. Crucible 66. Atmosphere inlet 67. Atmosphere outlet 68. Atmosphere assembly 7. Nitrogen source container 71. Ventilation control valve 72. Detailed Implementation
[0021] The specific embodiments of this utility model are described below to enable those skilled in the art to understand this utility model. However, it should be understood that this utility model is not limited to the scope of the specific embodiments. For those skilled in the art, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of this utility model as defined and determined by the appended claims, these changes are obvious. All inventions utilizing the concept of this utility model are protected.
[0022] Example 1:
[0023] like Figure 1As shown, an apparatus for improving the specific surface area and adsorption performance of fly ash from coal gasification includes a gasification component 1, a cyclone separator 2, a dust removal component 3, a storage container 4, a transmission component 5, a calcination component 6, and an atmosphere component 7. The gasification component 1 is used to gasify fine coal particles to generate a coal gas mixture. The gasification component 1 includes a feed inlet 11, a gas inlet 12, a gasifier tube 13, a fluidized bed 14, a furnace outlet 15, and a slag discharge port 16. The feed inlet 11 is located on the lower section of the gasifier tube 13, the fluidized bed 14 is located inside the gasifier tube 13, the gas inlet 12 is located on the gasifier tube 13 below the fluidized bed 14, the slag discharge port 16 is located at the bottom of the gasifier tube 13 and can be sealed, and the furnace outlet 15 is open. Located at the top of the gasifier tube 13; cyclone separator 2, used to separate particulate matter and gas in the gas mixture; cyclone separator 2 includes a first cyclone separator 21 and a second cyclone separator 22. The first cyclone separator 21 includes a first separation cylinder 211, a first inlet 212, a first outlet 213, a first gas outlet 214, a return feeder 215, and a semi-coke return pipe 216; the separation cylinder is conical with a small diameter section at the bottom. The first inlet 212 is located on the upper side wall of the first separation cylinder 211, the first outlet 213 is located on the bottom end face of the first separation cylinder 211, the first gas outlet 214 is located on the top end face of the first separation cylinder 211, and the return feeder 215 is located at the top of the first separation cylinder 211. Inside outlet 213, the top end of the semi-coke return pipe 216 is connected to the return feeder 215, and the bottom end is connected to the side wall of the gasifier pipe 13; the second cyclone separator 22 includes a second separation cylinder 221, a second inlet 222, a second outlet 223, and a second air outlet 224; the second separation cylinder 221 is also conical with a small diameter section at the bottom, the second inlet 222 is located on the upper side wall of the second separation cylinder 221, the second outlet 223 is located on the bottom end face of the second separation cylinder, and the second air outlet 224 is located on the top end face of the second separation cylinder; the first air outlet 214 and the second inlet 222 are connected by a pipe; the dust removal assembly 3 is used to filter the coal powder in the coal gas mixture; the dust removal assembly 3 includes a filter... The system comprises a gas chamber 31, a filter chamber 32, an ash hopper 33, an air inlet 34, an exhaust outlet 35, and a discharge outlet 36. The clean air chamber 31, filter chamber 32, and ash hopper 33 are connected sequentially from top to bottom. The air inlet 34 is located on the side wall of the filter chamber 32, the exhaust outlet 35 is located on the side wall of the clean air chamber 31, and the discharge outlet 36 is located at the bottom of the ash hopper 33. A second air outlet 224 and the air inlet 34 are connected by a pipe. The discharge outlet 36 and the second air outlet 224 are connected to the storage container 4 by a pipe. The feeding end of the calcining assembly 6 is connected to the discharge end of the dust removal assembly 3 via a transmission assembly 5 to calcine the fly ash filtered by the dust removal assembly 3. The transmission assembly 5 includes a feeding pipe 51, a feeding auger 52, and a feeding motor 53.The discharge end of the storage container 4 is connected to the inlet end of the feeding pipe 51. The feeding auger 52 is located inside the feeding pipe 51. The feeding motor 53 is located at one end of the feeding pipe 51, and its output shaft extends into the feeding pipe 51 and is fixedly connected to the feeding auger 52. The calcination assembly 6 includes a calcination furnace body 61, a calcination furnace tube 62, a sealing cover 63, a platform 64, a spiral pusher 65, a crucible 66, an atmosphere inlet 67, and an atmosphere outlet 68. The calcination furnace body 61 covers the circumference of the calcination furnace tube 62. The sealing cover 63 is detachably connected to the calcination furnace tube 62. The platform 64 is connected to the calcination furnace tube 62 via the spiral pusher 65. At the bottom of the calcining furnace tube 62, a spiral pusher 65 is threadedly connected to the bottom surface of the calcining furnace tube 62 to achieve lifting and lowering. The crucible 66 is mounted on the platform 64. An atmosphere inlet 67 is located on the sealing cover 63, and an atmosphere outlet 68 is located at the bottom of the calcining furnace body 61. The discharge end of the feed pipe 51 is connected to the feed end at the top of the calcining furnace tube 62 via a pipe. The atmosphere assembly 7 provides a nitrogen atmosphere to the calcining assembly 6. The atmosphere assembly 7 includes a nitrogen source container 71 and a venting control valve 72. The inlet end of the venting control valve 72 is connected to the nitrogen source container 71, and the outlet end is connected to the atmosphere inlet 67.
[0024] By setting up a calcination component 6 and an atmosphere component 7, nitrogen gas is introduced into the calcination component 6, allowing calcination to take place in a nitrogen atmosphere. This effectively inhibits carbon oxidation reactions, reduces CO2 emissions, and transforms coal gasification fly ash into high-performance adsorbent materials, achieving the circular economy goal of "treating pollution with waste." The calcined fly ash exhibits breakthrough improvements in structure and performance, overcoming the high carbon loss defects of traditional technologies. Furthermore, it achieves fly ash treatment through a green and low-carbon process, and the resulting material has low production costs and excellent performance, making it a viable alternative to traditional activated carbon for wastewater purification, waste gas treatment, and heavy metal treatment. In applications such as adsorption, granular coal particles are added through the feed inlet 11, and a gasifying agent composed of oxygen-enriched air and high-temperature steam is introduced through the gas inlet 12. An oxidation-reduction reaction occurs within the gasifier tube 13 to generate a coal gas mixture. This mixture is then discharged from the furnace outlet 15 into the next piece of equipment. The structure is simple and easy to use. By setting up a first cyclone separator 21 and a second cyclone separator 22, the coal gas mixture discharged from the furnace outlet 15 enters tangentially through the first inlet 212 of the first cyclone separator 21, forming an external cyclone flow. The remaining semi-coke in the coal gas mixture is returned to the gas through the semi-coke return pipe 216 due to gravity. The gas mixture undergoes a second reaction within the furnace tube 13 for greater thoroughness. A two-stage cyclone separator further enhances this separation. The second cyclone separator 22 performs a second separation, with the separated fly ash falling into the storage container 4 due to gravity, while the lighter gas mixture exits through the second outlet 224 into the next stage of processing. The gas mixture is then filtered again by the dust removal assembly 3, with the filtered fly ash exiting through the discharge port 36 into the storage container 4, while the gas exits through the exhaust port 35. This multiple filtration process maximizes the removal of fly ash from the gas mixture. The fly ash is collected by setting up a calcination furnace body 61, which is then placed inside the calcination furnace body 61 for calcination. During the calcination process, a uniformly distributed mesoporous network is formed inside the fly ash, which can significantly enhance its adsorption activity. A loading platform 64 and a spiral pusher 65 are set up to facilitate feeding and discharging. By setting up a nitrogen source container 71 and a ventilation control valve 72, nitrogen is continuously introduced into the calcination furnace body 61 during the calcination of fly ash, so that the interior is kept in a nitrogen atmosphere. Excess nitrogen is discharged from the atmosphere outlet 68 of the calcination furnace body 61. The nitrogen atmosphere can effectively inhibit carbon oxidation reaction, reduce CO2 emissions, and is more environmentally friendly.
[0025] A fly ash treatment method, which uses the aforementioned device to improve the specific surface area and adsorption performance of coal gasification fly ash, includes the following steps:
[0026] S1. Raw coal particles are added to the fluidized bed 14 through the feed inlet 11, and gasifying agent is added to the gasifier tube 13 through the gas inlet 12. The gasifier is turned on to carry out an oxidation-reduction reaction to generate a coal gas mixture at a temperature of 930℃ and a pressure of 5kPa. The coal gas mixture is then introduced into the first cyclone separator 21.
[0027] S2. The first cyclone separator 21 sends the unreacted semi-coke back to the gasifier from the semi-coke return pipe 216 for recycling reaction, and the gasification fly ash enters the second cyclone separator 22 from the first outlet 214 of the first cyclone separator 21.
[0028] S3. The second cyclone separator 22 further separates the gasified fly ash. The linear velocity at the cyclone inlet of the first cyclone separator 21 and the second cyclone separator 22 is 20 m / s, the fly ash conveying capacity is 2 t / h, the separation temperature is 170℃, and the maximum working pressure does not exceed 0.2 MPa. A portion of the fly ash enters the storage container 4 from the second outlet 223 for storage, while the other portion enters the filter chamber 32 in the dust removal assembly 3. The filter chamber 32 filters and removes dust from the fly ash, with a rated processing air volume of 7056 m³ / h. 3 / h, the blowing pressure is 0.5MpaG, and it operates under normal pressure. The gas is discharged from the exhaust port 35 of the dust removal component 3, and the fly ash is also stored in the storage container 4 from the ash hopper 33.
[0029] S4. The fly ash in the storage container 4 is fed from the discharge end into the feed pipe 51 in the transmission assembly 5. The feed motor 53 is started to drive the feeding auger 52 to feed the fly ash into the calcination assembly 6. The speed of the feed motor 53 is 1500 r / min.
[0030] S5. Before the feeding motor 53 is started, the platform 64 is pushed to the inlet of the calcining furnace tube 62 by the screw pusher 65. After all the fly ash is fed into the crucible 66, the platform 64 is lowered into the calcining furnace tube 62 by the screw pusher 65. The sealing cover 63 is closed, the ventilation control valve 72 is started to introduce nitrogen into the calcining furnace tube 62, and then the calcining component 6 is turned on to start heating at a rate of 10℃ / min. The fly ash is calcined at the target temperature for 2 hours and then cooled to room temperature. The ventilation is stopped. The target temperature is 800℃.
[0031] The fly ash obtained by the above method, when tested for iodine adsorption value, showed a result of approximately 680.4 mg / g (wood).
[0032] Example 2:
[0033] The only difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that the target calcination temperature in step S5 is 50°C; the fly ash sample after calcination at this temperature was taken out and the iodine adsorption value test result was approximately 574.0 mg / g (wood).
[0034] Example 3:
[0035] The only difference between Example 3 and Example 1 is that the target calcination temperature in step S5 is 220°C; the fly ash sample after calcination at this temperature was taken out and the iodine adsorption value test result was approximately 582.5 mg / g (wood).
[0036] Example 4:
[0037] The only difference between Example 4 and Example 1 is that the target calcination temperature in step S5 is 390°C; the fly ash sample after calcination at this temperature was taken out and the iodine adsorption value test result was approximately 631.4 mg / g (wood).
[0038] Example 5:
[0039] The only difference between Example 5 and Example 1 is that the target calcination temperature in step S5 is 640°C; the fly ash sample after calcination at this temperature was taken out and the iodine adsorption value test result was approximately 640.3 mg / g (wood).
[0040] Example 6:
[0041] The only difference between Example 6 and Example 1 is that the target calcination temperature in step S5 is 700℃; the fly ash sample after calcination at this temperature was taken out and the iodine adsorption value test result was approximately 652.6 mg / g (wood).
[0042] Example 7:
[0043] The only difference between Example 7 and Example 1 is that the target calcination temperature in step S5 is 900℃; the fly ash sample after calcination at this temperature was taken out and the iodine adsorption value test result was approximately 614.7 mg / g (wood).
[0044] Example 8:
[0045] The only difference between Example 8 and Example 7 is that the fly ash was not calcined. The fly ash sample taken directly from the storage container 4 was tested for iodine adsorption value, and the result was about 590 mg / g (wood).
[0046] The following table compares the properties and performance of fly ash under different calcination temperatures:
[0047]
[0048] As can be seen from the table above, as the calcination temperature increases from 50℃ to 900℃, the fixed carbon content, specific surface area, pore volume and iodine adsorption value of fly ash first increase and then decrease, and all of them reach their maximum values when the temperature reaches 800℃.
Claims
1. A device for improving the specific surface area and adsorption performance of coal gasification fly ash, characterized in that, include: Gasification assembly (1) includes a feed inlet (11) and a gas inlet (12) for gasifying fine coal particles to generate a coal gas mixture; Cyclone separator (2), the feed end is connected to the discharge end of the gasifier, and is used to separate particulate matter and gas in the coal gas mixture; The dust removal component (3) is connected at the feed end to the discharge end of the cyclone separator (2) and is used to filter the coal powder in the coal gas mixture. The calcination assembly (6) is connected to the discharge end of the dust removal assembly (3) via a transmission assembly (5) to calcine the fly ash filtered out by the dust removal assembly (3). Atmosphere component (7) is connected to the calcination chamber within the calcination component (6) and provides a nitrogen atmosphere to the calcination component (6).
2. The apparatus for improving the specific surface area and adsorption performance of coal gasification fly ash according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gasification assembly (1) also includes a gasification furnace tube (13), a fluidized bed (14), a furnace body outlet (15), and a slag discharge port (16); the feed inlet (11) is located on the lower section of the gasification furnace tube (13), the fluidized bed (14) is located inside the gasification furnace tube (13), the gas inlet (12) is located on the gasification furnace tube (13) below the fluidized bed (14), the slag discharge port (16) is located at the bottom of the gasification furnace tube (13) and can be closed, and the furnace body outlet (15) is located at the top of the gasification furnace tube (13).
3. The device for improving the specific surface area and adsorption performance of coal gasification fly ash according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cyclone separation assembly (2) includes a first cyclone separator (21) and a second cyclone separator (22). The first cyclone separator (21) includes a first separation cylinder (211), a first inlet (212), a first outlet (213), a first air outlet (214), a return feeder (215), and a semi-coke return pipe (216). The separation cylinder is conical with a small diameter section at the bottom. The first inlet (212) is located on the upper side wall of the first separation cylinder (211). The first outlet (213) is located on the bottom end face of the first separation cylinder (211). The first air outlet (214) is located on the top end face of the first separation cylinder (211). The return feeder (215) is located inside the first outlet (213). The top end of the semi-coke return pipe (216) is connected to the return feeder (215), and the bottom end is connected to the side wall of the gasifier tube (13).
4. The apparatus for improving the specific surface area and adsorption performance of coal gasification fly ash according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second cyclone separator (22) includes a second separation cylinder (221), a second inlet (222), a second outlet (223), and a second air outlet (224). The second separation cylinder (221) is also conical with a small diameter section at the bottom. The second inlet (222) is located on the upper side wall of the second separation cylinder (221). The second outlet (223) is located on the bottom end face of the second separation cylinder (221). The second air outlet (224) is located on the top end face of the second separation cylinder (221). The first air outlet (214) and the second inlet (222) are connected by a pipe.
5. The apparatus for improving the specific surface area and adsorption performance of coal gasification fly ash according to claim 4, characterized in that, The dust removal assembly (3) includes a clean air chamber (31), a filter chamber (32), a dust hopper (33), an air inlet (34), an exhaust outlet (35), and a discharge outlet (36). The clean air chamber (31), the filter chamber (32), and the dust hopper (33) are connected and communicate with each other from top to bottom. The air inlet (34) is located on the side wall of the filter chamber (32). The exhaust outlet (35) is located on the side wall of the clean air chamber (31). The discharge outlet (36) is located at the bottom of the dust hopper (33). The second air outlet (224) and the air inlet (34) are connected by a pipe. The discharge outlet (36) and the second air outlet (224) are connected to the storage container (4) by a pipe.
6. The apparatus for improving the specific surface area and adsorption performance of coal gasification fly ash according to claim 5, characterized in that, The transmission assembly (5) includes a feeding pipe (51), a feeding auger (52), and a feeding motor (53); the discharge end of the storage container (4) is connected to the inlet end of the feeding pipe (51), the feeding auger (52) is located inside the feeding pipe (51), the feeding motor (53) is located at one end of the feeding pipe (51), and its output shaft extends into the feeding pipe (51) and is fixedly connected to the feeding auger (52).
7. The apparatus for improving the specific surface area and adsorption performance of coal gasification fly ash according to claim 6, characterized in that, The calcination assembly (6) includes a calcination furnace body (61), a calcination furnace tube (62), a sealing cover (63), a platform (64), a spiral pusher (65), a crucible (66), an atmosphere inlet (67), and an atmosphere outlet (68). The calcination furnace body (61) covers the circumference of the calcination furnace tube (62), the sealing cover (63) is detachably connected to the calcination furnace tube (62), and the platform (64) is connected to the furnace tube (62) via the spiral pusher (65). The bottom of the calcining furnace tube (62) is connected to the bottom surface of the calcining furnace tube (62) by a spiral push rod (65) for lifting and lowering. The crucible (66) is placed on the platform (64). The atmosphere inlet (67) is opened on the sealing cover (63), and the atmosphere outlet (68) is opened at the bottom of the calcining furnace body (61). The discharge end of the feed pipe (51) is connected to the feed end at the top of the calcining furnace tube (62) through a pipe.
8. The apparatus for improving the specific surface area and adsorption performance of coal gasification fly ash according to claim 7, characterized in that, The atmosphere assembly (7) includes a nitrogen source container (71) and a ventilation control valve (72); the inlet end of the ventilation control valve (72) is connected to the nitrogen source container (71), and the outlet end is connected to the atmosphere inlet (67).