High-altitude plate shield launching platform

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering, and particularly discloses a high-altitude hollow plate shield launching platform which is improved on the basis of an existing launching platform, a counter-force frame of the launching platform is connected with an upper-layer middle plate through an inclined strut, the top of a launching frame of the launching platform is fixedly connected with a lower-layer middle plate, and permanent and temporary combination of the middle plate and the launching platform is achieved. Horizontal thrust generated by the shield tunneling machine is dispersed to a plurality of permanent structures, acting force in different directions is stably borne, the safety risk is reduced, and safe starting of tunneling is guaranteed; in addition, a reserved pit slot is formed in the middle plate, so that material waste and construction period investment for constructing a temporary middle plate and an all-round scaffold are omitted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tunnel engineering, and more specifically, to a high-altitude shield tunneling launching platform. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of urban rail transit, shield tunneling has gradually become the main method for constructing underground tunnels. Conventional shield launching involves the tunnel boring machine (TBM) launching from the station floor slab, utilizing the strength of the floor slab and the earth pressure of the surrounding soil to support the TBM's load. If launching from the station mid-slab, a temporary mid-slab is typically constructed at the elevation corresponding to the TBM's launching point. A full-span scaffold is erected from the floor slab to the mid-slab and maintained for an extended period. After the TBM construction is completed, the temporary mid-slab must be removed and reconstructed, resulting in significant waste.

[0003] Existing high-altitude launching platform structures include full-span scaffolding and the construction of temporary intermediate slabs. The former, with its scaffolding, significantly delays the construction period, while the latter, with its temporary slabs, not only impacts the schedule but also requires more construction materials under the same load-bearing capacity, increasing costs. Structurally, using only steel pipe supports for the temporary launching platform poses certain safety hazards. During shield tunneling, not only the weight of the tunnel boring machine and the platform itself exert vertical forces, but the frictional resistance of the tunnel boring machine during its advance also generates horizontal forces on the launching platform, making the entire steel platform highly susceptible to collapse.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a high-altitude aerial platform launching platform that can save materials, shorten the construction period, stably withstand forces from different directions, reduce safety risks, and ensure the safe launch of tunnel excavation. Utility Model Content

[0005] The present invention aims to overcome at least one of the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a high-altitude aerial shield tunneling launching platform that can save the materials required for the launching platform and enable it to stably withstand forces in different directions, thereby reducing safety risks while shortening the launching period.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this utility model is to provide a high-altitude aerial shield tunneling launching platform, which is set inside the launching shaft, and the launching shaft is set inside a subway station;

[0007] The base slab and lower middle slab of the subway station extend from the rear side to the front side of the launching shaft, the upper middle slab of the subway station extends to the rear side of the launching shaft, a launching portal is provided above the lower middle slab on the front side of the launching shaft, and a station structural beam is provided below the launching portal.

[0008] The high-altitude aerial shield tunneling launching platform includes a launching frame and a reaction frame that support the shield machine. The launching frame is fixed to the base plate, and the reaction frame is mounted on the launching frame.

[0009] The lower middle plate has a reserved pit with a length not greater than the length of the launching shaft and a width less than the diameter of the tunnel boring machine. The reserved pit is located above the launching frame. The top of the launching frame is lower than the lower middle plate and is fixedly connected to the lower middle plate. The reaction frame is connected to the upper middle plate.

[0010] Existing launching platforms only connect the diagonal bracing to the middle or bottom plate below the tunnel boring machine (TBM), lacking support from the upper middle plate, thus compromising structural stability. In contrast, the high-altitude upper-plate TBM launching platform proposed in this solution connects the reaction frame to the upper middle plate via diagonal bracing, and its launching frame is fixedly connected to the lower middle plate at its top. This achieves a permanent-temporary connection between the middle plate and the launching platform, distributing the horizontal thrust of the TBM launch to multiple permanent structures, reducing the need for temporary supports, and lowering the risk of collapse. Regarding time savings, this solution does not remove the entire middle plate within the launching shaft, but retains most of the lower middle plate structure, only excavating a pre-reserved pit to accommodate the TBM. Utilizing the existing middle plate as a support foundation eliminates the need for traditional full-span scaffolding or temporary middle plate construction, shortening setup time and reducing material waste. During the TBM launch process, the permanent middle plate and the temporary steel platform share the load, enhancing structural stability. The pit design simplifies subsequent TBM installation steps, avoiding repeated adjustments to the middle plate structure.

[0011] Furthermore, the long side of the reserved slot is provided with a tongue and groove joint, and the tongue and groove joint is provided with a first steel rail for supporting the tunnel boring machine. The reserved slot is matched with the size of the tunnel boring machine, and the tongue and groove joint and the steel rail provide stable guidance, which on the one hand provides stable support for the tunnel boring machine, and on the other hand reduces the risk of deviation when the tunnel boring machine starts.

[0012] Furthermore, the reaction frame includes:

[0013] The steel ring is located on the side closest to the tunnel boring machine and is used to directly withstand the impact of the tunnel boring machine's tail shield.

[0014] The rear shield frame is located on the side away from the tunnel boring machine and is fixedly connected to the steel ring;

[0015] The first diagonal brace is a structural beam connecting the rear shield frame and the upper middle plate; and

[0016] The second diagonal brace connects the rear shield frame to the lower middle plate.

[0017] Furthermore, the second type of diagonal brace has more components than the first type. The greater number of downward-sloping braces enhances the support capacity for the tunnel boring machine under heavy loads, ensuring balanced force distribution and preventing the platform from tilting due to uneven vertical loads.

[0018] Furthermore, the angle between the first and second diagonal braces and the horizontal plane is 20-25°. This specific angle optimizes the efficiency of horizontal force transmission, effectively counteracting the frictional resistance during tunnel boring machine (TBM) advancement and preventing the reaction frame from floating due to the reaction force of the diagonal braces.

[0019] Furthermore, the launching frame includes:

[0020] The column is connected to the station's base slab at the bottom and its upper end is lower than the lower middle slab.

[0021] The third diagonal brace is used to connect adjacent columns;

[0022] The plate layer is laid on the upper part of the column, with one side closely attached to the station structural beam under the starting tunnel portal;

[0023] Multiple middle plate supports are located above two rows of columns on both sides of the shield tunneling direction, connecting the lower plate layer and the upper lower middle plate; and

[0024] The shield machine bracket is laid on the plate layer, below the starting tunnel portal, and between the two rows of middle plate supports. The shield machine bracket is equipped with a second steel rail.

[0025] The aforementioned launching frame distributes the tunnel boring machine (TBM) load vertically across multiple columns and horizontally across the lower intermediate plate. The modular design of the components simplifies on-site construction processes. The intermediate plate supports a steel plate below and connects to the lower intermediate plate above, achieving a permanent and temporary connection between the intermediate plate and the launching platform. Together, they bear the TBM launching load, ensuring safe and stable support for the TBM launch. One edge of the steel plate is closely fitted to the station structural beam below the launching portal, preventing forward friction during TBM launch from causing the launching platform to overturn. The second rail on the TBM bracket serves a similar function to the first rail, providing stable guidance and reducing the risk of deviation during TBM startup.

[0026] Furthermore, the connection method for the columns, third diagonal brace, plate layer, middle plate support, and tunnel boring machine bracket is welding. Welding ensures structural integrity and reduces safety risks.

[0027] Furthermore, the width-to-depth ratio of each weld in the welded connection should not be less than 1.1. Controlling the width-to-depth ratio avoids brittle fracture caused by excessively deep welds, enhances welding reliability, and improves the structure's fatigue and impact resistance.

[0028] Furthermore, the plate layer comprises an upper steel plate, longitudinal and transverse frames, and a lower steel plate that are fixedly connected from top to bottom. This helps to improve the overall rigidity.

[0029] Furthermore, the longitudinal and transverse frame includes longitudinal steel beams and transverse steel beams, with the intersections of the longitudinal and transverse steel beams located above the column. This more evenly distributes the pressure on the upper steel plate to the lower steel plate, which helps reduce the risk of localized deformation.

[0030] Furthermore, the middle plate support includes short steel pipes and / or multiple assembled I-beams, with the short steel pipes connected to the I-beams above. Assembly is simple and the structure is stable.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0032] The high-altitude shield tunneling launching platform provided by this utility model has made several improvements on the existing launching platform. Its reaction frame is connected to the upper middle plate through diagonal bracing, and its launching frame is fixedly connected to the lower middle plate at the top, realizing the permanent and temporary combination of the middle plate and the launching platform. This disperses the horizontal thrust of the shield machine at the start to multiple permanent structures, stably bearing forces in different directions, reducing safety risks, and ensuring the safe start of tunnel excavation. In addition, the reserved pits in the middle plate save the material waste and construction time investment of temporary middle plates and full-span scaffolding. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a longitudinal section view of the high-altitude shield tunneling launching platform provided in Example 1.

[0034] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the high-altitude shield tunneling launching platform provided in Example 1.

[0035] Figure 3 This is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of the high-altitude shield tunneling launching platform provided in Example 1.

[0036] Figure 4 This is a top view of the longitudinal and transverse framework above the columns of the high-altitude shield tunneling launching platform provided in Example 1.

[0037] Labeling Explanation: Bottom plate 110, lower middle plate 120, reserved pit 121, first rail 122, upper middle plate 130, launching portal 140, station structural beam 150, tunnel boring machine 160; reaction frame 200, rear shield frame 210, first diagonal brace 220, second diagonal brace 230, launching frame 300, column 310, third diagonal brace 320, plate layer 330, longitudinal and transverse skeleton 331, middle plate support 340, short steel pipe 341, I-beam 342, tunnel boring machine bracket 350, second rail 351. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this invention. To better illustrate the following embodiments, some components in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual dimensions of the product; it is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0039] The present invention will now be further described with reference to specific examples. The following embodiments are only for explaining the present invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. Unless otherwise specified, the tools, building materials, etc. used in the following embodiments can be obtained commercially.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a high-altitude aerial shield tunneling launching platform, which is located inside the launching shaft, which is located inside a subway station;

[0042] The base slab 110 and the lower middle slab 120 of the subway station extend from the rear side to the front side of the starting shaft, the upper middle slab 130 of the subway station extends to the rear side of the starting shaft, the starting portal 140 is provided above the lower middle slab 120 on the front side of the starting shaft, and the station structural beam 150 is provided below the starting portal 140.

[0043] The high-altitude aerial shield tunneling launching platform includes a launching frame 300 and a reaction frame 200 supporting the shield machine 160. The launching frame 300 is fixed on the base plate 110, and the reaction frame 200 is mounted on the launching frame 300.

[0044] The lower middle plate 120 is provided with a reserved pit 121 with a length not greater than the length of the launching shaft and a width less than the diameter of the tunnel boring machine 160. The reserved pit 121 is located above the launching frame 300. The top of the launching frame 300 is lower than the lower middle plate 120 and is fixedly connected to the lower middle plate 120. The reaction frame 200 is connected to the upper middle plate 130.

[0045] The existing launching platform only connects the diagonal bracing to the middle plate or bottom plate 110 below the tunnel boring machine 160, lacking support from the upper middle plate 130, thus its structural stability needs improvement. In contrast, the high-altitude upper plate tunnel boring machine launching platform provided in this solution has its reaction frame 200 connected to the upper middle plate 130 via diagonal bracing, and its launching frame 300 fixedly connected to the lower middle plate 120 at its top, achieving a permanent and temporary connection between the middle plate and the launching platform. This disperses the horizontal thrust of the tunnel boring machine 160 during its launch to multiple permanent structures, reducing the need for temporary supports and lowering the risk of collapse. Regarding time savings, this solution does not remove all the middle plates within the launching shaft, but retains most of the structure of the lower middle plate 120, only excavating a reserved pit 121 to accommodate the tunnel boring machine 160. This method utilizes the existing middle plate as a supporting foundation, eliminating the need for traditional full-span scaffolding or temporary middle plate construction, which helps to shorten the construction time and reduce material waste; during the shield tunneling launch process, the permanent structural middle plate and the temporary structural steel platform share the load, enhancing structural stability; the pit design simplifies the subsequent shield machine 160 installation steps and avoids repeated adjustments to the middle plate structure.

[0046] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the long side of the reserved slot 121 is provided with a tongue and groove joint, and the tongue and groove joint is provided with a first steel rail 122 for supporting the tunnel boring machine 160. The reserved slot 121 is matched with the size of the tunnel boring machine 160, and the tongue and groove joint and the steel rail provide stable guidance, which on the one hand provides stable support for the tunnel boring machine 160, and on the other hand reduces the risk of deviation when the tunnel boring machine 160 starts.

[0047] The reaction frame 200 includes:

[0048] A steel ring (not shown in the figure) is located on the side close to the shield machine 160 and is used to directly withstand the impact of the shield tail of the shield machine 160.

[0049] The rear shield frame 220 is located on the side away from the tunnel boring machine 160 and is fixedly connected to the steel ring (not shown in the figure);

[0050] The first diagonal brace 230 is a structural beam connecting the rear shield frame 220 and the upper middle plate 130; and

[0051] The second diagonal brace 240 connects the rear shield frame 220 with the lower middle plate 120.

[0052] The second diagonal brace 240 is more numerous than the first diagonal brace 230. The greater number of downward-sloping diagonal braces enhances the support capacity for the heavy load of the tunnel boring machine 160, ensuring balanced force distribution and preventing the platform from tilting due to uneven vertical loads.

[0053] The angle between the first diagonal brace 230 and the second diagonal brace 240 and the horizontal plane is 20-25°. The specific inclination angle optimizes the efficiency of horizontal force transmission, which effectively counteracts the frictional resistance during shield tunneling and prevents the reaction frame 200 from floating due to the reaction force of the diagonal braces.

[0054] The launching frame 300 includes:

[0055] The column 310 is connected at the bottom to the station's base plate 110, and at the top, its height is lower than that of the lower middle plate 120.

[0056] The third diagonal brace 320 is used to connect the adjacent column 310;

[0057] Plate layer 330 is laid on the upper end of column 310, with one side closely attached to the station structural beam 150 under the starting portal 140;

[0058] Multiple middle plate supports 340 are located above two rows of columns 310 on both sides of the shield tunnel direction, connected to the lower plate layer 330 and the upper lower middle plate 120; and

[0059] The shield machine bracket 350 is laid on the plate layer 330, below the starting portal 140, and between the two rows of middle plate supports 340. The shield machine bracket 350 is equipped with a second steel rail 351.

[0060] During the specific construction process, steel plates were pre-embedded at the corresponding positions of the 310 support columns. For the two tunnels on the left and right lines, steel platforms were erected using 14 Φ600×16mm steel pipes each. Figure 4 As shown; the third diagonal brace 320 uses L160 angle steel.

[0061] The aforementioned launching frame 300 distributes the load of the tunnel boring machine 160 vertically to multiple columns 310 and horizontally to the lower intermediate plate 120. The modular design of the components simplifies the on-site construction process. The intermediate plate support 340 connects to a steel plate below and the lower intermediate plate 120 above, achieving a permanent and temporary connection between the intermediate plate and the launching platform, jointly bearing the launching load of the tunnel boring machine and providing safe and stable support for the launching. One edge of the steel plate is closely attached to the station structure beam 150 under the launching portal 140, preventing the launching platform from overturning due to forward friction during the launching process. The second steel rail 351 on the tunnel boring machine bracket 350 serves a similar function to the first steel rail 122, providing stable guidance and reducing the risk of deviation during the start-up of the tunnel boring machine 160.

[0062] The connection method for the column 310, the third diagonal brace 320, the plate layer 330, the middle plate support 340, and the tunnel boring machine bracket 350 is welding. Welding ensures the integrity of the structure and reduces safety risks.

[0063] The width-to-depth ratio of each weld in the welded connection should not be less than 1.1. Controlling the width-to-depth ratio avoids brittle fracture caused by excessive weld depth, enhances welding reliability, and improves the structure's fatigue and impact resistance.

[0064] The plate layer 330 includes an upper steel plate, a longitudinal and transverse frame 331, and a lower steel plate, which are fixedly connected from top to bottom. This helps to improve the overall rigidity. The thickness of both the upper and lower steel plates is 2cm. The longitudinal direction of the longitudinal and transverse frame 331 consists of double-layered 45C steel waist beams, and the transverse direction is connected by 25B I-beams.

[0065] The longitudinal and transverse frame 331 includes longitudinal steel beams and transverse steel beams, and the intersection of the longitudinal steel beams and transverse steel beams is located above the column 310, such as... Figure 4 As shown, this allows the pressure on the upper steel plate to be transmitted more evenly to the lower steel plate, which helps reduce the risk of localized deformation.

[0066] like Figure 3 As shown, the middle plate support 340 includes short steel pipes 341 and / or multiple assembled I-beams 342, the latter of which can be selected from four-piece 45C I-beams. The short steel pipes 341 are connected to the I-beams 342 above. Assembly is simple and the structure is stable.

[0067] The high-altitude shield tunneling launching platform provided in this embodiment has made several improvements on the existing launching platform. Its reaction frame 200 is connected to the upper middle plate 130 through diagonal bracing, and its launching frame 300 is fixedly connected to the lower middle plate 120 at the top, realizing the permanent and temporary combination of the middle plate and the launching platform. This disperses the horizontal thrust of the shield machine 160 at the start to multiple permanent structures, stably bearing the forces in different directions, reducing safety risks, and ensuring the safe start of tunnel excavation. In addition, the reserved pit 121 in the middle plate saves the material waste and construction time investment of temporary middle plates and full-span scaffolding.

[0068] Obviously, the above embodiments of this utility model are merely examples for clearly illustrating the technical solution of this utility model, and are not intended to limit the specific implementation of this utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the claims of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A high-altitude shield tunneling launching platform, located inside a launching shaft, wherein the launching shaft is located inside a subway station; The base slab and lower middle slab of the subway station extend from the rear side to the front side of the launching shaft, the upper middle slab of the subway station extends to the rear side of the launching shaft, a launching portal is provided above the lower middle slab on the front side of the launching shaft, and a station structural beam is provided below the launching portal. The high-altitude aerial shield tunneling launching platform includes a launching frame and a reaction frame that support the shield machine. The launching frame is fixed to the base plate, and the reaction frame is mounted on the launching frame. Its features are, The lower middle plate has a reserved pit with a length not greater than the length of the launching shaft and a width less than the diameter of the tunnel boring machine. The reserved pit is located above the launching frame. The top of the launching frame is lower than the lower middle plate and is fixedly connected to the lower middle plate. The reaction frame is connected to the upper middle plate.

2. The high-altitude shield tunneling launching platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The long side of the reserved pit is provided with a tongue and groove, and the tongue and groove is provided with a first steel rail for supporting the tunnel boring machine.

3. The high-altitude shield tunneling launching platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reaction frame includes: The steel ring is located on the side closest to the tunnel boring machine and is used to directly withstand the impact of the tunnel boring machine's tail shield. The rear shield frame is located on the side away from the tunnel boring machine and is fixedly connected to the steel ring; The first diagonal brace is a structural beam connecting the rear shield frame and the upper middle plate; and The second diagonal brace connects the rear shield frame to the lower middle plate.

4. The high-altitude shield tunneling launching platform according to claim 3, characterized in that, The number of the second diagonal brace is greater than that of the first diagonal brace.

5. A high-altitude shield tunneling launching platform according to claim 3, characterized in that, The angle between the first and second diagonal braces and the horizontal plane is 20-25°.

6. The high-altitude shield tunneling launching platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The launching frame includes: The column is connected to the station's base slab at the bottom and its upper end is lower than the lower middle slab. The third diagonal brace is used to connect adjacent columns; The plate layer is laid on the upper part of the column, with one side closely attached to the station structural beam under the starting tunnel portal; Multiple middle plate supports are located above two rows of columns on both sides of the shield tunneling direction, connecting the lower plate layer and the upper lower middle plate; and The shield machine bracket is laid on the plate layer, below the starting tunnel portal, and between the two rows of middle plate supports. The shield machine bracket is equipped with a second steel rail.

7. A high-altitude shield tunneling launching platform according to claim 6, characterized in that, The plate layer includes an upper steel plate, longitudinal and transverse frames, and a lower steel plate that are fixedly connected from top to bottom.

8. A high-altitude shield tunneling launching platform according to claim 7, characterized in that, The longitudinal and transverse frame includes longitudinal steel beams and transverse steel beams, and the intersection of the longitudinal steel beams and transverse steel beams is located above the column.

9. A high-altitude shield tunneling launching platform according to claim 6, characterized in that, The middle plate support includes short steel pipes and / or multiple I-beams assembled together, with the short steel pipes connected to the I-beams above.

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