Ground surface deformation monitoring device for geological disaster monitoring

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of earth surface deformation monitoring, in particular to an earth surface deformation monitoring device for geological disaster monitoring, which comprises a first fixing frame, a second fixing frame and a cable, the cable is erected between the first fixing frame and the second fixing frame in a straightened state; a plurality of monitoring units are arranged on the cable rope at intervals, each monitoring unit comprises a displacement sensor and a pressure falling piece, the pressure falling piece is connected with the cable rope through a traction rope, the displacement sensor is connected to the cable rope, and a pull wire of the displacement sensor is connected with the pressure falling piece. According to the utility model, the deformation difference of different areas of the slope can be more comprehensively captured, and whether the slope has different sliding characteristics such as local sliding, integral translation or differential settlement can be more clearly identified, so that richer and three-dimensional data support is provided for comprehensively analyzing the stability of the slope; and disaster misjudgment or missed judgment risks caused by one-sided information can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of surface deformation monitoring technology, and in particular to a surface deformation monitoring device for geological disaster monitoring. Background Technology

[0002] Geological disasters, especially slope instability and landslides, seriously threaten people's lives and property as well as the safety of infrastructure. Long-term, stable, and reliable monitoring of slope surface deformation is a key technical means for early warning and prevention of such disasters.

[0003] Currently, in the fields of slope engineering and geological disaster monitoring, direct measurement of soil displacement often employs contact-type mechanical displacement monitoring devices. Among these, the guy-wire displacement sensor is a widely used monitoring device. Its typical operating method is as follows: the sensor body is fixed to a relatively stable reference point on the slope, and the end of a retractable guy wire is anchored via an anchor rod to a potentially unstable area of ​​the slope or a specific point where displacement needs to be monitored. When the slope soil shifts, it moves the anchor rod, thereby pulling the guy wire. The internal mechanism of the sensor converts this physical length change into a measurable electrical signal, thus reflecting the change in soil displacement.

[0004] However, the wire-type displacement sensors commonly used in existing technologies are essentially "point-based" monitoring devices. They can only acquire the linear displacement of the soil at a single anchor point along the direction of the sensor wire. This single-dimensional point data is insufficient to comprehensively reflect the overall deformation trend and sliding characteristics of the slope. Especially for slopes with complex terrain or multiple sliding surfaces, relying on such isolated single-point data for stability assessment is highly susceptible to misjudgment of disaster evolution patterns or missed detection of key early warning signals due to incomplete information.

[0005] Therefore, when monitoring slope soil displacement, how to obtain more comprehensive and multi-dimensional surface deformation information, and thus improve the accuracy of geological disaster monitoring and early warning, is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in the existing technology. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing wire-type displacement sensors, which are essentially "point-based" monitoring devices. They can only acquire the linear displacement of the soil at a single anchor point along the direction of the sensor wire. This single-dimensional point data is insufficient to comprehensively reflect the overall deformation trend and sliding characteristics of the slope. Especially for slopes with complex terrain or multiple sliding surfaces, relying on such isolated single-point data for stability evaluation is highly susceptible to misjudgment of disaster evolution patterns or missed detection of key early warning signals due to incomplete information. This invention provides a surface deformation monitoring device for geological disaster monitoring.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0008] A surface deformation monitoring device for geological disaster monitoring includes a first fixed frame, a second fixed frame, and a cable; the first fixed frame is set at the top of the slope, the second fixed frame is set at the bottom of the slope, and the cable is strung between the first fixed frame and the second fixed frame, and the cable is set close to the structural high point of the slope surface, or the cable is set at intervals from the structural high point of the slope surface;

[0009] Several monitoring units are also spaced apart on the cable. Each monitoring unit includes a displacement sensor and a weighting component. The weighting component is connected to the cable via a pull rope. The length of the pull rope is sufficient to allow the weighting component to fall naturally to the slope surface, and the weight of the weighting component is sufficient to keep the pull rope taut.

[0010] The displacement sensor is connected to the cable, and the pull wire of the displacement sensor is connected to the weight-bearing member. The pulling force of the displacement sensor pulling the pull wire back is less than the weight of the weight-bearing member itself.

[0011] Preferably, when the weighted component falls naturally onto the slope surface, the pull wire of the displacement sensor and the pulling rope form an acute angle engagement.

[0012] Preferably, the pressure member is configured as a spherical structure.

[0013] Preferably, the pull rope and the displacement sensor are detachably connected to the cable.

[0014] Preferably, a tension sensor is also provided on the first fixing frame, and the cable is connected to the tension sensor, which is used to monitor the real-time tension of the cable.

[0015] Preferably, the cable is configured as a flat, strip-like structure.

[0016] Preferably, the heights of the first fixing frame and the second fixing frame are adjustable.

[0017] Preferably, the second fixing frame is provided with a winding drum, the cable is connected to the winding drum, and the winding drum is used to adjust the tension of the cable in a taut state.

[0018] Preferably, the first and second fixed frames are also equipped with alarms, which are electrically connected to the tension sensor and the displacement sensor. When the data detected by either the displacement sensor or the tension sensor exceeds a preset threshold, the alarm can issue a warning signal.

[0019] Preferably, the alarm includes a buzzer and a warning light.

[0020] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0021] 1. The geological disaster monitoring surface deformation monitoring device of this utility model expands traditional single-point monitoring into continuous distributed monitoring along a certain profile of a slope by setting multiple monitoring units at intervals on a taut cable. Specifically, when the slope surface deforms at different locations, the corresponding weight-bearing components will move with the "undulation" of the soil. Since the weight of the weight-bearing components is greater than the pull force of the displacement sensor cable, the weight-bearing components will pull the cable of the displacement sensor during the "undulation" movement pushed by the soil displacement, thus enabling the displacement sensor to monitor the linear displacement at that point. Through the coordinated work of multiple monitoring units, displacement data of multiple key points on the slope surface can be acquired simultaneously, and these data together constitute the deformation profile of the slope in that profile direction. Compared to traditional single-point monitoring, this device can more comprehensively capture the deformation differences in different areas of the slope, and more clearly identify different sliding characteristics such as local sliding, overall translation, or uneven settlement. This provides richer and more comprehensive data support for the overall analysis of slope stability, helping to reduce the risk of misjudgment or omission of disasters due to incomplete information. Furthermore, this solution eliminates the need for drilling holes and embedding piles on the slope surface; monitoring points are simply set up by allowing the weights to hang naturally onto the slope. Construction is convenient and causes minimal disturbance to the slope, making it particularly suitable for areas with sensitive geological conditions or high ecological protection requirements.

[0022] 2. In the geological disaster monitoring surface deformation monitoring device of this utility model, when the sinker naturally falls onto the slope surface, the pull wire of the displacement sensor and the traction rope form an acute angle fit. This structural design can shorten the release length of the displacement sensor pull wire to a certain extent, thus making it easier to keep the pull wire taut, thereby improving the sensitivity and accuracy of soil deformation displacement monitoring. Furthermore, when the sinker is pushed by the soil and undergoes "undulating" displacement, the acute angle fit design ensures a reasonable force decomposition between the force direction of the pull wire and the pulling direction of the traction rope, reducing the possibility of wire jamming or measurement errors due to excessive angle, further ensuring that the displacement signal can be captured and transmitted more accurately.

[0023] 3. The surface deformation monitoring device for geological disaster monitoring described in this utility model includes a cable positioned at a structural high point along the slope surface. A tension sensor is also installed on the first fixing frame, and the cable is connected to the tension sensor. The tension sensor is used to monitor the real-time tension of the cable. The installation of the tension sensor provides an important guarantee for the stable operation of the entire monitoring device, further improving the reliability and accuracy of the monitoring data. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram showing the spacing between the cable and the structural high points of the slope surface;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure where the cable is attached to the high point of the slope surface;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the weighted component is pushed by the soil and undergoes "undulating" displacement, causing the displacement sensor's pull wire to retract.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the pressure dropper is pushed by the soil to cause "undulating" displacement, which releases the displacement sensor cable.

[0028] The markings in the diagram are: 1-First fixed frame, 2-Second fixed frame, 3-Cable, 4-Monitoring unit, 5-Displacement sensor, 6-Sinking component, 7-Pull rope, 8-Tension sensor, 9-Roller drum, 10-Buzzer, 11-Warning light. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain this utility model and are not intended to limit this utility model.

[0031] Example 1: As Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the geological disaster monitoring surface deformation monitoring device of this utility model includes a first fixed frame 1, a second fixed frame 2, and a cable 3; the first fixed frame 1 is set at the top of the slope, the second fixed frame 2 is set at the bottom of the slope, and the cable 3 is strung between the first fixed frame 1 and the second fixed frame 2, and the cable 3 is set close to the structural high point of the slope surface, or the cable 3 is set at intervals from the structural high point of the slope surface;

[0032] Several monitoring units 4 are also spaced apart on the cable 3. The monitoring unit 4 includes a displacement sensor 5 and a weighting component 6. The weighting component 6 is connected to the cable 3 through a pull rope 7. The length of the pull rope 7 is sufficient to allow the weighting component 6 to fall naturally to the slope surface, and the weight of the weighting component 6 is sufficient to keep the pull rope 7 taut.

[0033] The displacement sensor 5 is connected to the cable 3, and the pull wire of the displacement sensor 5 is connected to the weight-retaining member 6. The pulling force of the displacement sensor 5 pulling the pull wire back is less than the weight of the weight-retaining member 6 itself.

[0034] The geological disaster monitoring surface deformation monitoring device of this invention expands traditional single-point monitoring into continuous distributed monitoring along a certain profile of a slope by setting multiple monitoring units 4 at intervals on the taut cable 3. Specifically, when the slope surface deforms at different locations, the corresponding sinker 6 will move with the "undulation" of the soil. Since the weight of the sinker 6 is greater than the pull force of the displacement sensor 5's cable, the sinker 6 will pull the cable of the displacement sensor 5 during the "undulation" movement pushed by the soil displacement, thus enabling the displacement sensor 5 to monitor the linear displacement at that point. Through the coordinated work of multiple monitoring units 4, displacement data of multiple key points on the slope surface can be acquired simultaneously, and these data together constitute the deformation profile of the slope in that profile direction. Compared to traditional single-point monitoring, this device can more comprehensively capture the deformation differences in different areas of the slope, and more clearly identify different sliding characteristics such as local sliding, overall translation, or uneven settlement. This provides richer and more comprehensive data support for the overall analysis of slope stability, helping to reduce the risk of misjudgment or omission of disasters due to incomplete information. Furthermore, this solution eliminates the need for drilling holes and embedding piles on the slope surface; monitoring points can be set up simply by allowing the weights 6 to hang naturally onto the slope. Construction is convenient and causes minimal disturbance to the slope, making it particularly suitable for areas with sensitive geological conditions or high ecological protection requirements.

[0035] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the first fixing frame 1 and the second fixing frame 2 are installed by ground anchoring or concrete foundation; the release and retraction of the pull wire of the displacement sensor 5 is realized by a spring retraction mechanism. The displacement sensor 5 is a conventional pull rope sensor in the prior art, and its structure and working principle are well known to those skilled in the art, and will not be described in detail here.

[0036] In this embodiment, when the monitored slope is uneven and has large undulations, and the detection points are all located in the structural depression area of ​​the slope, the cable 3 is set close to the high point of the slope structure, which can improve the fixed stability of the cable 3; when the monitored slope is flat, the cable 3 needs to be set at intervals with the high point of the slope structure. By actively adjusting the fixed height of the cable 3, the deployment space of the monitoring unit 4 is formed.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, when the weight-bearing member 6 naturally falls onto the slope surface, the pull wire of the displacement sensor 5 and the traction rope 7 form an acute angle engagement. This structural arrangement can shorten the release length of the pull wire of the displacement sensor 5 to a certain extent, thus making it easier for the pull wire of the displacement sensor 5 to remain taut, thereby improving the sensitivity and accuracy of soil deformation displacement monitoring. Furthermore, when the weight-bearing member 6 is pushed by the soil and undergoes "undulating" displacement, the acute angle engagement design ensures that the force direction of the pull wire and the pulling direction of the traction rope 7 form a reasonable force decomposition, reducing the possibility of wire jamming or measurement errors due to excessive angle, further ensuring that the displacement signal can be captured and transmitted more accurately.

[0038] As a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, the pressure member 6 is further configured as a spherical structure.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, the pulling rope 7 and the displacement sensor 5 are further provided to be detachably connected to the cable 3.

[0040] Specifically, in this embodiment, the displacement sensor 5 is fixed to the cable 3 by clamps, and the cable 3 is also provided with several fixing rings, to which the pull rope 7 is connected. This structural arrangement allows users to flexibly adjust the number and spacing of the monitoring units 4 according to actual monitoring needs. When focused monitoring of a specific area is required, the density of the monitoring units 4 in that area can be increased. If some of the monitoring units 4 malfunction, they can be easily disassembled and replaced without requiring large-scale adjustments to the entire cable 3 structure, greatly improving the flexibility of the device's use and the convenience of its maintenance. Simultaneously, the detachable connection facilitates the transfer and reuse of the device between different monitoring sites, reducing the cost of using the equipment.

[0041] Example 2: As Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the surface deformation monitoring device for geological disaster monitoring described in this utility model, based on the above method, further includes a tension sensor 8 on the first fixing frame 1, and the cable 3 is connected to the tension sensor 8. The tension sensor 8 is used to monitor the real-time tension of the cable 3.

[0042] In this embodiment, the tension sensor 8 is configured to monitor the tension of the cable 3 in real time. Specifically, when the cable 3 experiences abnormal tension due to external environmental factors (such as thermal expansion and contraction caused by temperature changes, overall slope deformation leading to stretching or slackness of the cable 3, or interference from external forces such as strong winds), the tension sensor 8 can promptly detect this change. By comparing the monitored tension data with a preset normal threshold range, it can be determined whether the cable 3 is in a stable working state. For example, if the cable 3 is set at a structural high point close to the slope surface, excessive tension in the cable 3 may indicate a large-scale slippage of the slope. This change, monitored by the tension sensor 8, can serve as a macroscopic early warning signal of slope instability. Conversely, insufficient tension may cause the cable 3 to slack, affecting the monitoring unit 4's sensitivity to local slope deformation and leading to distorted measurement data. Therefore, the tension sensor 8 provides crucial assurance for the stable operation of the entire monitoring device, further improving the reliability and accuracy of the monitoring data.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, the cable 3 is further configured as a flat strip structure. This structural configuration improves the structural strength of the cable 3; furthermore, the flat strip structure of the cable 3 increases its contact area with the slope soil structure, thereby better distributing pressure and preventing the cable 3 from sinking into the soil at high points on the slope due to excessive local pressure. This ensures that the cable 3 always remains at a preset height, further improving the reliability and accuracy of the monitoring data.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, the heights of the first fixing frame 1 and the second fixing frame 2 are further adjustable.

[0045] This design allows the device to adapt to different slope height differences and slope undulations, improving its applicability and versatility. Specific height adjustment can be achieved by installing telescopic joints in the support legs of the fixed frame and locking them with bolts or pins, or by using a hydraulic lifting rod, etc., making operation convenient and ensuring stability and reliability.

[0046] As a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, the second fixing frame 2 is further provided with a winding drum 9, the cable 3 is connected to the winding drum 9, and the winding drum 9 is used to adjust the tension of the cable 3 in a taut state.

[0047] The inclusion of the winding drum 9 simplifies the cable tension adjustment process, effectively reduces maintenance workload, and ensures the continuity and stability of monitoring operations. In this embodiment, the winding drum 9 is driven to rotate by a motor.

[0048] Example 3: As Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the surface deformation monitoring device for geological disaster monitoring according to this utility model, based on the above-described method, further includes an alarm on the first fixing frame 1 and the second fixing frame 2. The alarm is electrically connected to the tension sensor 8 and the displacement sensor 5. When the data detected by either the displacement sensor 5 or the tension sensor 8 exceeds a preset threshold, the alarm can issue a warning signal. The alarm includes a buzzer 10 and a warning light 11.

[0049] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A surface deformation monitoring device for geological disaster monitoring, characterized in that, It includes a first fixed frame, a second fixed frame, and a cable; the first fixed frame is set at the top of the slope, the second fixed frame is set at the bottom of the slope, and the cable is strung between the first fixed frame and the second fixed frame, and the cable is set close to the structural high point of the slope surface, or the cable is set at intervals from the structural high point of the slope surface. Several monitoring units are also spaced apart on the cable. Each monitoring unit includes a displacement sensor and a weighting component. The weighting component is connected to the cable via a pull rope. The length of the pull rope is sufficient to allow the weighting component to fall naturally to the slope surface, and the weight of the weighting component is sufficient to keep the pull rope taut. The displacement sensor is connected to the cable, and the pull wire of the displacement sensor is connected to the weight-bearing member. The pulling force of the displacement sensor pulling the pull wire back is less than the weight of the weight-bearing member itself.

2. The surface deformation monitoring device for geological disaster monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the weighted component falls naturally onto the slope surface, the pull wire of the displacement sensor and the traction rope form an acute angle engagement.

3. The surface deformation monitoring device for geological disaster monitoring according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pressure element is configured as a spherical structure.

4. The surface deformation monitoring device for geological disaster monitoring according to claim 3, characterized in that, The pull rope and the displacement sensor are detachably connected to the cable.

5. The surface deformation monitoring device for geological disaster monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first fixing frame is also equipped with a tension sensor, and the cable is connected to the tension sensor. The tension sensor is used to monitor the real-time tension of the cable.

6. The surface deformation monitoring device for geological disaster monitoring according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The cable is configured as a flat, ribbon-like structure.

7. The surface deformation monitoring device for geological disaster monitoring according to claim 6, characterized in that, The heights of the first and second fixing frames are adjustable.

8. The surface deformation monitoring device for geological disaster monitoring according to claim 7, characterized in that, The second fixing frame is equipped with a winding drum, and the cable is connected to the winding drum. The winding drum is used to adjust the tension of the cable when it is taut.

9. The surface deformation monitoring device for geological disaster monitoring according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first and second fixed frames are also equipped with alarms. The alarms are electrically connected to the tension sensor and the displacement sensor. When the data detected by either the displacement sensor or the tension sensor exceeds a preset threshold, the alarm can issue a warning signal.

10. The surface deformation monitoring device for geological disaster monitoring according to claim 9, characterized in that, The alarm includes a buzzer and a warning light.

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