High-voltage connector group with IPXXB and capable of absorbing size deviation in XYZ directions

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of connectors, and discloses a high-voltage connector group with IPXXB and capable of absorbing size deviation in XYZ directions, which comprises a male-end connector and a female-end connector, the male-end connector comprises a male shell and a male terminal, the female-end connector comprises a female shell and a female terminal arranged in the female shell in an elastic telescopic manner, and the male-end connector comprises a male terminal and a female terminal. After the female shell and the male shell are plugged, a gap space exists between the female shell and the male shell, one side of the female terminal close to the male terminal is elastically and telescopically provided with an insulating cap along the telescopic direction of the female terminal, and the insulating cap partially extends out of the female terminal in a normal state to prevent an operator from accidentally touching the female terminal. According to the high-voltage connector set, the size deviation in the XY direction is absorbed through the gap space, the size deviation in the Z direction is absorbed through the elastically-telescopic female terminal, fingers are prevented from accidentally touching the female terminal through the arrangement of the elastically-telescopic insulating cap, the use safety is improved, and when the male terminal abuts against the female terminal, the insulating cap can elastically retract into the female terminal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of connectors, and more particularly to a high-voltage connector assembly with IPXXB that can absorb dimensional offsets in the XYZ directions. Background Technology

[0002] High-voltage connector assemblies are commonly used high-voltage electrical components in the new energy field, frequently found in new energy vehicles, charging piles, and energy storage equipment. A high-voltage connector assembly consists of male and female connectors that interlock. To ensure reliable current conduction, the corresponding terminals on the male and female connectors must be tightly connected after interlocking, which places high precision requirements on the production and installation of both connectors.

[0003] Chinese Patent Application No. 201720671607.1 discloses a power connector, including a male connector and a female connector. The female connector includes a female connector housing, a female connector cover, a female connector terminal, and a spring. The male connector includes a male connector terminal that mates with the female connector terminal. The spring is compressed when the male connector terminal mates with the female connector terminal.

[0004] In the above solution, the female connector terminal is elastically extended and retracted within the female connector housing by a spring. When the male and female connectors are inserted, the spring is compressed and applies a force to the female connector terminal, ensuring that the male connector terminal is connected to the female connector terminal. By absorbing the manufacturing or installation dimensional deviations of the male connector and / or female connector in the Z direction, the reliability of current conduction is guaranteed.

[0005] However, when the above-mentioned connectors are plugged in, there is a risk of accidental finger contact with the terminals of the female connector due to the large opening of the female connector housing, which poses a safety hazard of electric shock. Utility Model Content

[0006] This invention addresses the safety hazard of electric shock posed by operators accidentally touching the female connector terminals with their fingers when plugging in the connector. It provides a high-voltage connector assembly with IPXXB that can absorb dimensional shifts in the XYZ directions to increase safety by preventing fingers from touching dangerous areas.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a solution through the following technical method:

[0008] A high-voltage connector assembly with IPXXB and capable of absorbing dimensional offset in the XYZ directions includes a pluggable or detachable male connector and a female connector. The male connector includes a male housing and a male terminal fixedly disposed on the male housing. The female connector includes a female housing into which the male connector can be inserted and a female terminal elastically telescopically disposed within the female housing along the insertion direction. The female terminal is provided with a protective structure to prevent accidental contact with the female terminal. The protective structure includes an insulating cap that is elastically telescopically disposed on the side of the female terminal near the male terminal and partially extends outside the female terminal under normal conditions.

[0009] Using the above solution, the male and female connectors are inserted in the Z-direction. The elastically extendable female terminal absorbs dimensional deviations in the Z-direction of the male and / or female connectors. IPXXB refers to a protective structure against electric shock. In this solution, an elastically extendable insulating cap prevents accidental contact with the female terminal by fingers entering the female housing, increasing safety. When the male and female terminals are in contact, the insulating cap elastically retracts into the female terminal, without affecting the use of the high-voltage connector assembly. When the male and female connectors are disconnected, the male and female terminals separate, and the insulating cap automatically and elastically extends partially after the resistance from the male terminal disappears, providing protection again.

[0010] Preferably, the female terminal is recessed on the side near the male terminal to provide a telescopic groove for the expansion and contraction of the insulating cap, and a first spring is provided between the bottom of the telescopic groove and the insulating cap to drive the insulating cap to partially extend out of the female terminal under normal conditions.

[0011] Using the above scheme, the insulating cap retracts and is stored in the telescopic groove under the compression of the male terminal. The first spring deforms under compression to generate a restoring force. After the resistance from the male terminal on the insulating cap disappears, the insulating cap partially extends out of the telescopic groove under the restoring force of the first spring.

[0012] Preferably, a limiting structure is provided between the insulating cap and the female terminal to allow the insulating cap to be inserted into the female terminal and to prevent the insulating cap from detaching from the female terminal.

[0013] Preferably, the limiting structure includes an elastic hook extending away from the male terminal at one end of the insulating cap and a limiting ring protruding inward at the opening of the expansion groove. At least two elastic hooks are spaced apart around the axial direction of the insulating cap. When the elastic hooks pass through the limiting ring, they move closer to each other and elastically deform. After passing through the limiting ring, they move away from each other and return to their original position, so that the horizontal section of the elastic hook abuts against the bottom of the limiting ring.

[0014] Preferably, the horizontal section of the elastic hook is provided with an induction slope that causes the elastic hook to deform and move closer to each other to pass over the limiting ring when it comes into contact with the limiting ring.

[0015] Using the above scheme, when the insulating cap is inserted into the expansion groove, the guide ramp first abuts against the limiting ring. During the continued insertion, the limiting ring and the guide ramp engage in a squeezing and sliding cooperation, driving the elastic hooks closer together and causing elastic deformation, thus ensuring that the elastic hooks can pass through the limiting ring. After the elastic hooks pass through the limiting ring, the resistance from the limiting ring on the elastic hooks disappears, and the elastic hooks move away from each other to return to their original position, so that the upper end face of the horizontal section of the elastic hook abuts against the lower end face of the limiting ring, preventing the insulating cap from detaching upwards from the expansion groove.

[0016] Preferably, an unlocking structure is provided between the insulating cap and the elastic hook to drive the elastic hook to move closer together and release the limit.

[0017] Using the above solution, during long-term use and repeated insertion and removal of the male and female connectors, the elasticity of the first spring will decrease, causing the portion of the insulating cap extending out to shrink or even disappear, thus reducing safety performance. Therefore, the first spring needs to be replaced periodically. The unlocking mechanism drives the elastic hooks closer together, causing elastic deformation until the horizontal section of the elastic hook disengages from the limiting ring. At this point, the insulating cap can be removed, and the first spring replaced. After replacement, the insulating cap is inserted into the female terminal.

[0018] Preferably, the unlocking structure includes an insulating shaft that is rotatably connected to the insulating cap on the same axis, and a pull cord that is fixedly connected at both ends to the insulating shaft and the elastic hook, respectively.

[0019] Using the above method, the operator grasps the insulating cap and simultaneously drives the insulating shaft to rotate relative to the cap. The rotating shaft winds up the pull rope, which in turn causes the elastic hooks to move closer together. Conversely, when the external force on the insulating shaft is removed, the resistance from the pull rope on the elastic hooks disappears, causing them to move away and automatically return to their original positions. At the same time, the pull rope drives the insulating shaft to rotate in the opposite direction, releasing the pull rope.

[0020] Preferably, when the male shell is inserted into the female shell, there is a gap between the outer wall of the male shell and the inner wall of the female shell.

[0021] Using the above scheme, after the male and female shells are inserted, the gap between the male and female shells absorbs the dimensional deviations in the X and Y directions, ensuring that the male and female shells can still be smoothly inserted even with insufficient precision.

[0022] Preferably, a second spring is provided between the female housing and the female terminal to drive the female terminal to extend and reset after the resistance from the male terminal on the female terminal disappears.

[0023] With the above solution, after the male and female housings are plugged in, the male and female terminals abut against each other and compress the second spring, absorbing the dimensional deviation in the Z direction. This ensures that even with insufficient precision, the male and female terminals can still abut against each other, guaranteeing the reliability of current conduction.

[0024] This invention, by employing the above technical solutions, achieves significant technical advantages: Before the male and female housings are inserted, the insulating cap partially extends beyond the female terminal, preventing fingers from touching the female terminal and increasing safety. After insertion, the gap between the male and female housings absorbs dimensional deviations in the X and Y directions. The male and female terminals abut and compress the second spring, absorbing dimensional deviations in the Z direction. This ensures that even with insufficient precision, the male and female housings can still be smoothly inserted, and that the male and female terminals abut each other, guaranteeing reliable current conduction. During the process of the male terminal approaching and abutting the female terminal, the insulating cap elastically retracts into the female terminal under the drive of the male terminal; if the male terminal moves away from the female terminal, the insulating cap automatically extends under the action of the first spring to ensure safety. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is an isometric view of a high-voltage connector assembly with IPXXB that can absorb dimensional offsets in the XYZ directions in Example 1, when the male and female connectors are not plugged in.

[0026] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the image;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a top view of the male and female connectors in a high-voltage connector group with IPXXB that can absorb dimensional offset in the XYZ directions in Embodiment 1 when they are plugged in.

[0028] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Sectional view at point BB in the middle;

[0029] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Enlarged view of point C in the image;

[0030] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Enlarged view of point D in the image;

[0031] Figure 7 This is an isometric view of the insulating cap and elastic latch in a high-voltage connector assembly with IPXXB that can absorb dimensional offset in the XYZ directions, as shown in Example 1.

[0032] Figure 8 This is a top view of the insulating cap, elastic latch, and unlocking structure in a high-voltage connector assembly with IPXXB that can absorb dimensional offset in the XYZ directions, as described in Embodiment 2.

[0033] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 Sectional view at EE in the middle;

[0034] Figure 10This is a bottom view of the insulating cap, elastic latch, and unlocking structure in a high-voltage connector assembly with IPXXB that can absorb dimensional offsets in the XYZ directions, as described in Embodiment 2.

[0035] The parts referred to by the numbers in the above attached diagrams are as follows: 1. Female housing; 2. Male housing; 3. Female terminal; 4. Second spring; 5. Male terminal; 6. Insulating cap; 7. Telescopic groove; 8. First spring; 9. Elastic hook; 901. Vertical section; 902. Horizontal section; 10. Limiting ring; 11. Insulating shaft; 12. Pull rope; 13. Gap space; 14. Sealing ring; 15. Guide slope. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] A high-voltage connector assembly with IPXXB that can absorb dimensional offsets in the XYZ directions, see reference. Figures 1 to 7 The system includes a pluggable or detachable male connector and a female connector. The male connector includes a male housing 2 and a male terminal 5 fixedly disposed within the male housing 2. The female connector includes a female housing 1 with an opening facing the male connector for insertion. A female terminal 3 is elastically and expandably disposed within the female housing 1 along the insertion direction of the male and female connectors. A second spring 4 is disposed between the female housing 1 and the female terminal 3. The female housing 1 and the male housing 2 are made of non-conductive material, which is plastic in this embodiment. The female terminal 3 and the male terminal 5 are made of conductive material, which is copper in this embodiment. The above structure is prior art, and the specific structure can be referred to in the patents mentioned in the background art, which will not be repeated here. After the female housing 1 and the male housing 2 are plugged in, there is a gap space 13 between the outer wall of the male housing 2 and the inner wall of the female housing 1.

[0039] The female terminal 3 is provided with a protective structure, namely IPXXB. The protective structure includes an insulating cap 6 that is elastically extendable and retractable along the extension and retraction direction of the female terminal 3 on the side of the female terminal 3 near the male terminal 5. In this embodiment, the insulating cap 6 is made of plastic. A telescopic groove 7 is recessed on the side of the female terminal 3 near the male terminal 5 to allow the insulating cap 6 to extend and retract. A first spring 8 is provided between the bottom of the telescopic groove 7 and the insulating cap 6, which normally drives the insulating cap 6 to partially extend out of the female terminal 3. The partially extended insulating cap 6 can prevent the operator's fingers from accidentally inserting into the opening of the female housing 1 and accidentally touching the female terminal 3.

[0040] An elastic hook 9 is provided at the end of the insulating cap 6 away from the male terminal 5, extending in a direction away from the male terminal 5. At least two elastic hooks 9 are spaced apart around the axial direction of the insulating cap 6, and in this embodiment, six are evenly spaced. The elastic hook 9 includes a vertical section 901 arranged along the axial direction of the insulating cap 6 and a horizontal section 902 that protrudes vertically outward from the end of the vertical section 901 away from the insulating cap 6. A limiting ring 10 is concentrically provided at the opening of the telescopic groove 7. The limiting ring 10 is only for the insulating cap 6 to pass through and move. Therefore, an induction slope 15 is provided on the side of the horizontal section 902 away from the plastic cap. When the induction slope 15 abuts against the limiting ring 10, it drives the elastic hooks 9 to move closer to each other and deform to pass through the limiting ring 10.

[0041] When the insulating cap 6 is inserted into the expansion groove 7, the guide slope 15 first abuts against the limiting ring 10. During the continued insertion, the limiting ring 10 and the guide slope 15 engage in a squeezing and sliding cooperation, causing the elastic hooks 9 to move closer together and undergo elastic deformation, ensuring that the elastic hooks 9 can pass through the limiting ring 10. After the elastic hooks 9 pass through the limiting ring 10, the resistance from the limiting ring 10 on the elastic hooks 9 disappears, and the elastic hooks 9 move away from each other to return to their original position, so that the upper end face of the horizontal section 902 of the elastic hook 9 abuts against the lower end face of the limiting ring 10, preventing the insulating cap 6 from detaching upward from the expansion groove 7.

[0042] A sealing ring 14 is provided between the male housing 2 and the male terminal 5, between the female housing 1 and the female terminal 3, and between the male housing 2 and the female housing 1. The female housing 1 is also provided with a sealing ring 14 to seal the two when connected to the battery pack. The battery pack and the connection between the battery pack and the female housing 1 are existing technologies and are therefore not shown in the figure and will not be described in detail here.

[0043] Before the male housing 2 and female housing 1 are inserted, the insulating cap 6 extends partially beyond the female terminal 3 to prevent fingers from touching the female terminal 3, thus increasing safety. After the male housing 2 and female housing 1 are inserted, the gap space 13 between them absorbs dimensional deviations in the X and Y directions. The male terminal 5 and female terminal 3 abut against each other and compress the second spring 4, absorbing dimensional deviations in the Z direction. Finally, the male housing 2 and female housing 1 are fixedly connected. The fixing method of the male housing 2 and female housing 1 is existing technology and can be achieved by snap-fit ​​or bolt fixing, etc., which are not shown in the figure and will not be described in detail here. During the process of the male terminal 5 approaching and abutting against the female terminal 3, the insulating cap 6 elastically retracts into the female terminal 3 under the drive of the male terminal 5. If the male terminal 5 moves away from the female terminal 3, the insulating cap 6 automatically extends under the action of the first spring 8 to resume its protective function.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] Compared to the difficulty in replacing the first spring 8 and the insulating cap 6 after the insulating cap 6 is installed in Example 1, which makes it difficult to remove, this example refers to... Figures 8 to 10An unlocking structure is provided between the insulating cap 6 and the elastic hook 9 to drive the elastic hook 9 closer together and release the limit. The unlocking structure includes an insulating shaft 11 that is rotatably connected to the insulating cap 6 on the same axis, and a pull rope 12 whose two ends are fixedly connected to the vertical sections 901 of the insulating shaft 11 and the elastic hook 9, respectively.

[0046] The operator grasps the insulating cap 6 and simultaneously drives the insulating shaft 11 to rotate relative to the insulating cap 6. The rotating shaft 11 winds up the pull rope 12, which in turn drives the elastic hooks 9 to move closer together. Conversely, when the external force on the insulating shaft 11 is removed, the resistance from the pull rope 12 on the elastic hooks 9 disappears, and they automatically return to their original positions. At the same time, the pull rope 12 drives the insulating shaft 11 to rotate in the opposite direction, releasing the pull rope 12. The pull rope between the insulating shaft 11 and the elastic hooks 9 is now taut.

[0047] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model. The protection scope of this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of this utility model's concept are protected. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the principle of this utility model should also be considered within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A high-voltage connector assembly with IPXXB and capable of absorbing dimensional offset in the XYZ directions, comprising a pluggable or detachable male connector and a female connector, the male connector comprising a male housing (2) and a male terminal (5) fixedly disposed on the male housing (2), the female connector comprising a female housing (1) into which the male connector can be inserted and a female terminal (3) elastically telescopingly disposed within the female housing (1) along the insertion direction, characterized in that: The female terminal (3) is provided with a protective structure to prevent accidental contact with the female terminal (3). The protective structure includes an insulating cap (6) that is elastically telescopically arranged on the side of the female terminal (3) near the male terminal (5) along the telescopic direction of the female terminal (3) and partially extends out of the female terminal (3) under normal conditions.

2. A high-voltage connector assembly with IPXXB and capable of absorbing dimensional offsets in the XYZ directions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The female terminal (3) is recessed on the side near the male terminal (5) to provide a telescopic groove (7) for the extension and retraction of the insulating cap (6). A first spring (8) is provided between the bottom of the telescopic groove (7) and the insulating cap (6) to drive the insulating cap (6) to partially extend out of the female terminal (3) under normal conditions.

3. A high-voltage connector assembly with IPXXB and capable of absorbing dimensional offsets in the XYZ directions according to claim 2, characterized in that: A limiting structure is provided between the insulating cap (6) and the female terminal (3) to allow the insulating cap (6) to be inserted into the female terminal (3) and to restrict the insulating cap (6) from being removed from the female terminal (3).

4. A high-voltage connector assembly with IPXXB and capable of absorbing dimensional offsets in the XYZ directions according to claim 3, characterized in that: The limiting structure includes an elastic hook (9) extending away from the male terminal (5) at one end of the insulating cap (6) and a limiting ring (10) protruding inward at the opening of the expansion groove (7). At least two elastic hooks (9) are spaced apart around the insulating cap (6). When the elastic hooks (9) pass through the limiting ring (10), they move closer to each other and deform elastically. After passing through the limiting ring (10), they move away from each other and return to their original positions, so that the horizontal section (902) of the elastic hook (9) abuts against the bottom of the limiting ring (10).

5. A high-voltage connector assembly with IPXXB and capable of absorbing dimensional offsets in the XYZ directions according to claim 4, characterized in that: The horizontal section (902) of the elastic hook (9) is provided with an inlet ramp (15) that drives the elastic hook (9) to deform and move closer to each other to pass over the limit ring (10) when it comes into contact with the limit ring (10).

6. A high-voltage connector assembly with IPXXB and capable of absorbing dimensional offsets in the XYZ directions according to claim 4, characterized in that: An unlocking structure is provided between the insulating cap (6) and the elastic hook (9) to drive the elastic hook (9) to move closer to each other and release the limit.

7. A high-voltage connector assembly with IPXXB and capable of absorbing dimensional offsets in the XYZ directions according to claim 6, characterized in that: The unlocking structure includes an insulating shaft (11) that is rotatably connected to the insulating cap (6) on the same axis, and a pull rope (12) that is fixedly connected at both ends to the insulating shaft (11) and the elastic hook (9) respectively.

8. A high-voltage connector assembly with IPXXB and capable of absorbing dimensional offsets in the XYZ directions according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the male shell (2) is inserted into the female shell (1), there is a gap space (13) between the outer wall of the male shell (2) and the inner wall of the female shell (1).

9. A high-voltage connector assembly with IPXXB and capable of absorbing dimensional offsets in the XYZ directions according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second spring (4) is provided between the female housing (1) and the female terminal (3) to drive the female terminal (3) to extend and reset after the resistance from the male terminal (5) on the female terminal (3) disappears.

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