An experimental apparatus for studying gas desorption and dust settling.

Abstract

This utility model discloses an experimental apparatus for studying gas desorption and dust settling, specifically relating to the field of experimental equipment technology. The experimental apparatus for studying gas desorption and dust settling includes: an experimental environment simulation system, a surfactant spraying system, and a comprehensive data acquisition system. The experimental environment simulation system includes a spray chamber, on which an inflatable and deflated airbag assembly is disposed along its length on the inner wall. The airbag assembly is used to change the internal flow cross-section of the spray chamber to simulate tunnel deformation. The comprehensive data acquisition system includes at least two sets of sensor units, distributed within the spray chamber. The experimental apparatus provided by this utility model can simultaneously simulate normal and deformed tunnels and study the effect of surfactants on gas desorption and dust settling under varying wind speeds.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of experimental equipment technology, and in particular to an experimental device for studying gas desorption and dust settling. Background Technology

[0002] Mine gas control and dust prevention are crucial for ensuring safe coal mine production. Surfactant solutions, due to their ability to enhance water permeability, are used to inhibit gas desorption and promote dust settling. Existing technologies include apparatus for studying the effects of surfactants on gas desorption, such as the apparatus disclosed in prior art document CN212059783U.

[0003] However, the actual underground environment is complex. Roadways often deform due to pressure, leading to a reduction in local cross-section and an increase in wind speed. This dynamically changing environment significantly affects the spraying effect of surfactants and the transport patterns of the gas-solid two-phase flow. Most existing experimental setups are conducted under simplified conditions of fixed cross-section and constant wind speed, lacking the ability to simulate the critical condition of roadway deformation. This prevents the study of the impact of wind speed differences caused by cross-section changes on the surfactant's effects on both gas desorption inhibition and dust settling promotion.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an experimental apparatus for studying gas desorption and dust settling to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the above issues and overcome the limitation of existing experimental devices in simulating dynamic changes in roadway cross-sections, an experimental device is provided that can simultaneously simulate normal and deformed roadways and study the effects of surfactants on gas desorption and dust settling under varying wind speeds.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0007] The experimental apparatus for studying gas desorption and dust deposition includes: an experimental environment simulation system, a surfactant spraying system, and a comprehensive data acquisition system;

[0008] The experimental environment simulation system includes a spray chamber, on which an inflatable and deflated airbag assembly is provided along its length on the inner wall. The airbag assembly is used to change the internal flow cross section of the spray chamber to simulate tunnel deformation.

[0009] The integrated data acquisition system includes at least two sets of sensor units, which are distributed in the spray chamber; wherein, the first set of sensor units is set in the first section of the spray chamber that simulates a normal roadway cross section, and the second set of sensor units is set in the second section of the spray chamber that can simulate a deformed roadway cross section through the airbag assembly.

[0010] Preferably, the airbag assembly includes multiple side airbags disposed on the inner walls of both sides of the spray chamber and multiple top airbags disposed on the top plate of the spray chamber.

[0011] Preferably, the experimental environment simulation system further includes a pulverized coal chamber, a filter box, and an axial flow fan; the pulverized coal chamber is used to store and pre-adsorb methane; the pulverized coal chamber is connected to one side of the spray chamber through the filter box; the axial flow fan is connected to the pulverized coal chamber through a wind box and a connecting pipe to provide the power airflow for conveying pulverized coal.

[0012] Preferably, the connecting pipe is provided with a one-way opening and closing plate to prevent airflow backflow.

[0013] Preferably, the experimental environment simulation system further includes a methane cylinder, which is connected to the pulverized coal chamber and the spray chamber via two independent methane conduits.

[0014] Preferably, filter plate one and filter plate two are movably connected inside the filter box for screening coal powder particle size.

[0015] Preferably, the surfactant spraying system includes a metering pump, an injection pump, a spray tank, and multiple spray heads located in the spray chamber, which are connected in sequence via pipelines.

[0016] Preferably, each group of sensor units includes a coal dust concentration sensor, a methane sensor, and a wind speed sensor.

[0017] Preferably, the coal dust concentration sensor and the wind speed sensor are located below the spray head; the methane sensor is installed near the top plate of the spray chamber.

[0018] Preferably, the spray head is a wide-angle solid cone-shaped pressure nozzle.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] (1) This utility model can dynamically simulate the cross-sectional shrinkage caused by pressure in underground roadways through an inflatable and deflated airbag, and realize a composite roadway environment in which normal cross-section and deformed cross-section coexist in a single device, thereby enabling the study of the influence of cross-sectional changes (wind speed changes) on experimental results.

[0021] (2) This utility model not only studies the gas desorption effect, but also studies the dust settling effect by arranging coal dust concentration sensors, thus realizing a comprehensive evaluation of the "dust suppression-gas suppression" effect of surfactants.

[0022] (3) By arranging sensor groups in the simulated normal zone and deformation zone respectively, this utility model can directly and accurately compare and analyze the dynamic influence of surfactants on gas desorption and dust settling under different wind speed conditions, providing more accurate experimental data support for mine disaster prevention and control. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the experimental apparatus provided by this utility model for studying gas desorption and dust settling;

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the experimental apparatus provided by this utility model for studying gas desorption and dust settling;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the filter box.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the front sectional view of the spray chamber;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional sectional view of the spray chamber.

[0028] The corresponding names of the attached figures are as follows: 1. Metering pump; 2. Injection pump; 3. Connecting water pipe; 4. Spray water tank; 5. Spray chamber; 6. Spray head; 7. Filter box; 8. Filter plate one; 9. Filter plate two; 10. Coal powder chamber; 11. Connecting pipe; 12. Air box; 13. Axial flow fan; 14. Methane cylinder; 15. Methane conduit; 16. Side airbag; 17. Top airbag; 18. Coal dust concentration sensor; 19. Methane sensor; 20. Wind speed sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0030] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this utility model provides an experimental device for studying gas desorption and dust settling, which mainly includes three functional modules: an experimental environment simulation system, a surfactant spraying system, and a comprehensive data acquisition system.

[0031] The experimental environment simulation system is used to simultaneously construct a mine gas-solid two-phase flow environment composed of methane and coal dust aerosols within the spray chamber 5. The system includes the spray chamber 5, to which a filter box 7 and a coal powder chamber 10 are sequentially connected. The coal powder chamber 10 stores experimental coal powder and performs methane pre-adsorption treatment, providing a stable source for the generation of methane-containing coal dust aerosols. Filter plate 8 and filter plate 9 are movably connected within the filter box 7 for screening and controlling the particle size distribution of the coal powder. An automatic opening and closing baffle is provided between the filter box 7 and the coal powder chamber 10 to control the conveying of the coal powder.

[0032] The methane cylinder 14 is connected to the pulverized coal chamber 10 and the spray chamber 5 via two independent methane conduits 15. One methane conduit 15 is connected to the pulverized coal chamber 10 to pre-adsorb methane from the pulverized coal; the other methane conduit 15 is connected to the spray chamber 5 via a branch pipe to directly maintain the ambient methane concentration in the spray chamber 5.

[0033] The end of the pulverized coal chamber 10 furthest from the filter box 7 is sequentially equipped with a connecting pipe 11, a wind box 12, and an axial flow fan 13. When the axial flow fan 13 is turned on, the kinetic airflow generated by the axial flow fan 13 passes through the wind box 12 and, after opening the opening and closing plate located inside the connecting pipe 11 (the function of the opening and closing plate is to allow the airflow to flow unidirectionally along the direction of the axial flow fan 13 into the pulverized coal chamber, preventing the airflow in the pulverized coal chamber 10 from flowing back; the connecting pipe 11 with the opening and closing plate acts as a one-way valve), transports the pulverized coal in the pulverized coal chamber 10 to the filter box 7. After being screened by filter plate 8 and filter plate 9, the pulverized coal forms a coal dust aerosol with precisely controllable concentration and particle size, which then enters the spray chamber 5.

[0034] Multiple side airbags 16 and top airbags 17 are installed at intervals along the length of the inner walls and top plate of the spray chamber 5. Both side airbags 16 and top airbags 17 are connected to an external air pump via pipelines. When the side airbags 16 and top airbags 17 inflate, they can simulate the reduction in cross-section caused by tunnel deformation due to pressure in the underground tunnel. Under the combined action of the side airbags 16 and top airbags 17, by controlling the inflation and deflation of the airbags, the interior of the spray chamber 5 can simulate a tunnel with a normal cross-section throughout, or a composite tunnel with some sections deformed (cross-section reduced) while the remaining sections remain normal. This allows for the simulation of both normal and deformed tunnels. The air velocities in normal and deformed tunnels are different. The cross-section of a deformed tunnel is smaller, and the air velocity increases when entering a deformed tunnel from a normal tunnel with the same airflow. This allows verification of the effect of surfactants on gas desorption and dust settling under different air velocities.

[0035] The surfactant spraying system is used to precisely add surfactant solution to a simulated environment. The system includes a metering pump 1, an injection pump 2 serving as an adjustable pressure power source, a connecting water pipe 3, a spray tank 4, and spray heads 6 located within a spray chamber 5, all connected sequentially via piping. Each spray head 6 is a wide-angle solid cone-shaped pressure nozzle, with multiple nozzles arranged in a straight line at the bottom of the spray tank 4. The spray heads 6 are connected to the spray tank 4 via piping and extend into the spray chamber 5, ensuring efficient atomization of the surfactant solution.

[0036] The integrated data acquisition system is used to simultaneously monitor the effects of surfactants on gas desorption and dust settling. The system consists of multiple sensors distributed at different heights and locations within the spray chamber 5. Specifically, it includes at least two coal dust concentration sensors 18 for detecting the spatial distribution of dust, at least two methane sensors 19 for detecting dynamic changes in gas concentration, and at least two wind speed sensors 20 for monitoring environmental conditions. At least one set of sensors (including at least one coal dust concentration sensor 18, at least one methane sensor 19, and at least one wind speed sensor 20) is arranged in a section simulating a normal roadway cross-section; at least another set of sensors is arranged in a section where the cross-section can be simulated by airbag deformation. This arrangement allows for the detection of the effects of gas desorption and dust settling under different wind speeds.

[0037] The coal dust concentration sensor 18 and the wind speed sensor 20 are installed below the spray head 6 and slightly above the vertical centerline of the spray chamber 5, and are waterproofed. This location ensures more accurate data from the coal dust concentration sensor 18 and the wind speed sensor 20. The methane sensor 19 is installed near the top of the spray chamber 5 or above the spray head 6. Because methane is lighter than air, it tends to accumulate on the roof of the tunnel; therefore, placing the methane sensor 19 at a higher position provides more accurate methane concentration detection.

[0038] Working Principle: During the experiment, the required experimental environment is first constructed using an experimental environment simulation system: axial flow fan 13 is started, and coal powder that has undergone pre-adsorption of methane in coal powder chamber 10 is blown into filter box 7 through one-way opening and closing plate in connecting pipe 11. Coal powder of a specific particle size is screened out by filter plate one 8 and filter plate two 9, forming a methane-containing coal dust aerosol that enters spray chamber 5. At the same time, methane bottle 14 replenishes adsorbed methane to coal powder chamber 10 through two independent methane conduits 15, and directly replenishes ambient methane to spray chamber 5, thereby forming a stable and controllable simulated gas-solid two-phase flow environment in spray chamber 5. By controlling the inflation and deflation of side airbags 16 and top airbags 17 connected to external air pumps, the composite morphology of normal or locally deformed cross sections of underground roadways can be simulated. The wind speed increases in deformed sections due to the reduced cross-sectional area. Subsequently, the surfactant spraying system is activated. Metering pump 1 and injection pump 2 deliver the surfactant solution to the spray tank 4, which is then atomized by spray head 6 and sprayed into spray chamber 5. Distributed sensors 18 (coal dust concentration), 19 (methane), and 20 (wind speed) in different sections of spray chamber 5 collect data in real time. By comparing and analyzing the dynamic changes in gas and dust concentrations under different wind speeds, the influence of roadway cross-section changes (wind speed changes) on the synergistic effect of surfactants in inhibiting gas desorption and promoting dust settling can be studied.

[0039] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An experimental apparatus for studying gas desorption and dust settling, characterized in that, This includes an experimental environment simulation system, a surfactant spraying system, and a comprehensive data acquisition system; The experimental environment simulation system includes a spray chamber (5), and an inflatable and deflated airbag assembly is provided on the inner wall of the spray chamber (5) along its length direction. The airbag assembly is used to change the internal flow section of the spray chamber (5) to simulate tunnel deformation. The integrated data acquisition system includes at least two sets of sensor units, which are distributed in the spray chamber (5); wherein, the first set of sensor units is set in the first section of the spray chamber (5) to simulate the normal roadway cross section, and the second set of sensor units is set in the second section of the spray chamber (5) to simulate the deformed roadway cross section through the airbag assembly.

2. The experimental apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The airbag assembly includes multiple side airbags (16) disposed on the inner walls of both sides of the spray chamber (5) and multiple top airbags (17) disposed on the top plate of the spray chamber (5).

3. The experimental apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The experimental environment simulation system also includes a pulverized coal chamber (10), a filter box (7), and an axial flow fan (13); the pulverized coal chamber (10) is used to store and pre-adsorb methane; the pulverized coal chamber (10) is connected to one side of the spray chamber (5) through the filter box (7); the axial flow fan (13) is connected to the pulverized coal chamber (10) through the air box (12) and the connecting pipe (11) to provide the power airflow for conveying pulverized coal.

4. The experimental apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting pipe (11) is provided with a one-way opening and closing plate to prevent airflow backflow.

5. The experimental apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that: The experimental environment simulation system also includes a methane cylinder (14), which is connected to the pulverized coal chamber (10) and the spray chamber (5) respectively through two independent methane conduits (15).

6. The experimental apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that: The filter box (7) is movably connected to filter plate one (8) and filter plate two (9) for screening coal powder particle size.

7. The experimental apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surfactant spraying system includes a metering pump (1), an injection pump (2), a spray tank (4), and multiple spray heads (6) located in the spray chamber (5) connected in sequence by pipelines.

8. The experimental apparatus according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that: Each of the sensor units includes a coal dust concentration sensor (18), a methane sensor (19), and a wind speed sensor (20).

9. The experimental apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that: The dust concentration sensor (18) and the wind speed sensor (20) are located below the spray head (6); the methane sensor (19) is installed near the top plate of the spray chamber (5).

10. The experimental apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spray head (6) is a wide-angle solid cone-shaped pressure nozzle.

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