Wheat deep tillage fertilization targeted seeding precision drill

Abstract

The application provides a wheat deep scarification fertilization targeted seeding precision strip seeding machine, comprising a main frame and an operating table, a strip-shaped deep scarification fertilization assembly, a tamping assembly, a seeding assembly, a material box assembly and a seeding material discharging driving wheel are installed on the main frame, the strip-shaped deep scarification fertilization assembly can avoid turning down the fertile soil and keep the surface fertility, the strip-shaped deep scarification replaces the overall deep ploughing, the deep scarification knife only carries out strip-shaped deep scarification below the planting row and does not overturn the soil, the fertile soil rich in organic matter and nutrients is basically kept in the original position and is not deeply buried at the bottom, which guarantees the best surface fertility environment required by seed germination and seedling growth, reduces deep layer water evaporation and preserves soil moisture and stores water, the tamping assembly can realize the following benefits: compacting loose soil, deep scarification leaves larger pores in the soil, tamping moderately compacts the pores and destroys the soil capillary, which cuts off the channel of deep layer soil moisture directly evaporating to the surface and effectively reduces water loss.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of wheat seeders, specifically to a precision strip seeder for deep tillage and fertilization of wheat. Background Technology

[0002] Wheat, as an important food crop, has its yield and economic benefits directly affected by the quality of its sowing. Traditional pre-sowing land preparation often employs deep plowing (such as moldboard plowing) to break up the hard plow pan, loosen the soil, and bury straw and weeds. However, this method has revealed a series of significant problems in practice: loss of topsoil fertility and structural damage: Deep plowing turns over and buries the fertile topsoil layer (usually 0-20 cm) rich in organic matter, with active microorganisms and good structure. Simultaneously, it turns over the deeper, infertile, and poorly structured subsoil to the surface. This results in: a sharp decline in the fertility of the seed layer (usually 0-5 cm), which is detrimental to seed germination and early seedling growth; and damage to the topsoil structure, making it susceptible to soil erosion (wind erosion, water erosion). Furthermore, it requires the application of large amounts of additional fertilizer to compensate for the loss of topsoil fertility, increasing production costs and environmental burden.

[0003] Exacerbated ineffective evaporation of deep soil moisture: Deep tillage, while loosening deep soil layers, creates numerous large pores and interconnected channels. These channels intensify soil capillary action, causing water in the deep soil layers (especially water accumulated below the plow pan) to rapidly evaporate to the surface. Particularly in arid and semi-arid regions or during periods of low rainfall at planting seasons, this loss of deep soil moisture severely threatens seed germination and seedling drought resistance, reducing soil water use efficiency. High energy consumption and low efficiency: Comprehensive deep tillage operations require significant traction power, increasing fuel costs and operation time.

[0004] Existing technologies also include seeders that incorporate deep tillage functions. However, these devices typically suffer from the following key drawbacks:

[0005] Improper deep tillage methods: Many machines still use wide-span deep tillage or excessively disturbed deep tillage methods similar to plowing, which fail to effectively avoid bringing a large amount of topsoil into the deeper layers, and the hidden danger of soil turning over remains.

[0006] Disconnection between deep tillage and moisture retention: If the loose soil pores formed after deep tillage lack timely and effective follow-up treatment (especially the subsequent compaction), the channels for deep soil moisture to evaporate to the surface through capillary action remain open, failing to resolve the risk of deep water loss caused by deep tillage.

[0007] Existing technologies have failed to effectively and synergistically solve all of the above-mentioned core problems, especially the key contradiction of "how to break up the plow pan while avoiding the intrusion of fertile soil and preventing the evaporation of deep moisture". Utility Model Content

[0008] The purpose of this utility model is achieved through the following technical measures: a precision strip seeder for wheat deep tillage, fertilization, and targeted seeding, comprising a main frame and an operating platform. The main frame is equipped with a strip-shaped deep tillage and fertilization assembly, a compaction assembly, a seeding assembly, a feed hopper assembly, and a seeding and feeding drive wheel. Multiple strip-shaped deep tillage and fertilization assemblies, compaction assemblies, and seeding assemblies are provided. The strip-shaped deep tillage and fertilization assembly is installed on one side of the main frame. The compaction assembly and seeding assembly are sequentially arranged at the bottom of the main frame. The feed hopper assembly is installed on the top of the main frame and includes a fertilizer hopper and a seed hopper. A feeder is installed in both the fertilizer hopper and the seed hopper. The seeding and feeding drive wheel is driven by the feeders installed in the fertilizer hopper and the seed hopper to spread the fertilizer and seed. The strip-shaped deep tillage and fertilization assembly includes a deep tillage frame, deep tillage blades, and a fertilizer application pipe assembly. The deep tillage blade and fertilizer pipe assembly are installed on a deep tillage frame, with the blade and pipe assemblies arranged correspondingly. A traction frame is fixedly installed on the deep tillage frame. A fertilizer depth-fixing plate is fixedly connected to the side of the deep tillage blade near the fertilizer pipe assembly. The fertilizer pipe assembly includes a fixed pipe and a flexible pipe. The fixed pipe is fixedly installed above the fertilizer depth-fixing plate and fixedly connected to the blade. One end of the flexible pipe is connected to the fixed pipe, and the other end is connected to the fertilizer box. The working depth of the deep tillage blade is 28 cm, and the fertilizer depth-fixing plate is 10 cm from the ground. This arrangement allows for targeted positioning of the fertilizer depth within the soil. The seeding assembly has a seeding depth of 3 to 4 cm, also targeting the seed depth. The spacing between adjacent strip-shaped deep tillage and fertilizer assemblies is twice the spacing between the seeding assemblies.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment: the deep tillage knife includes a handle and a blade, the handle and the blade are detachably connected, and the fixing tube and the fertilizer depth plate are both fixedly installed on the handle.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment: the upper part of the tool handle is provided with a tool connecting assembly, which is used to connect the deep loosening frame and the deep loosening tool. The tool connecting assembly includes a fixed connecting plate and a U-bolt clamp. The fixed connecting plate is detachably connected to the tool handle, and the U-bolt clamp locks the fixed connecting plate onto the deep loosening frame.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment: the pressing assembly includes a connecting arm and a pressing roller, the connecting arm being angularly adjustable to the deep loosening frame, and the pressing roller being rotatably connected to the connecting arm.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment: the sowing assembly includes a furrow opener, a sowing tube, and a covering wheel. One end of the sowing tube is connected to the seed box, and the other end of the sowing tube is located inside the furrow opener. A furrow opener, a sowing tube, and a covering wheel constitute a set of sowing equipment, and two adjacent sets of sowing equipment are arranged alternately.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment: the end of the deep loosening frame is provided with a connecting hole and an adjusting hole. There is one connecting hole and several adjusting holes. A connecting guard plate is fixedly connected to the deep loosening frame corresponding to the connecting hole. The connecting guard plate has through holes corresponding to the connecting holes. The connecting holes and the connecting guard plate form an installation space. An adjusting guard plate is fixedly connected to the deep loosening frame corresponding to the adjusting holes. The adjusting guard plate has through holes corresponding to the adjusting holes. A channel is formed between the adjusting holes and the adjusting guard plate.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment: one end of the connecting arm passes through the channel formed between the adjusting hole and the adjusting guard plate and is rotatably connected to the connecting hole and the connecting guard plate.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment: the upper part of the deep loosening frame is hinged to a deep loosening arm, the end of the deep loosening arm away from the deep loosening frame is adjustablely connected to the main frame, the upper part of the deep loosening frame is equipped with a deep loosening adjustment frame corresponding to the deep loosening arm, the deep loosening arm passes through the deep loosening adjustment frame, the deep loosening adjustment frame is provided with a number of deep loosening adjustment holes, and positioning pins are inserted in the deep loosening adjustment holes to adjust the height of the deep loosening arm.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment: the end of the deep loosening arm away from the deep loosening frame is connected to an angle adjustment disc, and the angle adjustment disc is fixedly connected to the main frame.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment: a deep tillage blade and a fertilizer application tube assembly constitute a set of deep tillage and fertilizer application devices, and the deep tillage frame is equipped with multiple deep tillage and fertilizer application devices arranged in a staggered manner.

[0018] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the advantages of this utility model compared with the prior art are:

[0019] This application, by employing strip-shaped deep tillage and fertilization components, can prevent the soil from turning over and maintain surface fertility:

[0020] Strip deep tillage replaces full deep plowing: Deep tillage is performed only below the planting rows in strips, without turning the soil over. The topsoil, rich in organic matter and nutrients, remains largely in place and is not buried deep to the bottom. This ensures the optimal topsoil fertility environment required for seed germination and seedling growth, reduces deep soil moisture evaporation, and conserves water.

[0021] The following benefits can be achieved by setting up a pressing component:

[0022] Compacting and loosening the soil: Deep loosening leaves larger pores in the soil. Rolling moderately compacts these pores, disrupting soil capillaries. This cuts off the direct evaporation of moisture from deep soil to the surface, effectively reducing water loss.

[0023] Moisture replenishment: Compaction makes soil particles more closely connected, forming a finer capillary network, which helps to raise deep water to the sowing layer, providing moisture for seed germination and seedling growth.

[0024] Leveling the seedbed: This provides a level foundation for subsequent furrow sowing and ensures consistent sowing depth.

[0025] Using a soil-covering wheel ensures good contact between the seeds and the soil, which is beneficial for water absorption and germination.

[0026] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Appendix Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional view of the precision strip seeder for deep loosening, fertilization, and targeted sowing of wheat, which is a utility model.

[0028] Appendix Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the strip-shaped deep loosening and fertilization component of this utility model.

[0029] Appendix Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the deep tapping knife and related components of this utility model.

[0030] Appendix Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the deep loosening knife and the tool connection assembly of this utility model.

[0031] Appendix Figure 5 This is a side view of the present invention.

[0032] Appendix Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of the deep loosening arm, deep loosening adjustment frame, and angle adjustment disc of this utility model.

[0033] Appendix Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the sowing component of this utility model.

[0034] Appendix Figure 8 It is attached Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the image. Detailed Implementation

[0035] Example: As attached Figure 1 To be continued Figure 8As shown, a precision strip seeder for wheat deep tillage and fertilization includes a main frame and an operating platform. The main frame is equipped with a strip-shaped deep tillage and fertilization component 1, a compaction component 2, a seeding component 3, a feed box component 4, and a seeding and dispensing drive wheel 7. Multiple strip-shaped deep tillage and fertilization components 1, 2, and 3 are provided. The strip-shaped deep tillage and fertilization component 1 is installed on one side of the main frame. The compaction component 2 and seeding component 3 are sequentially arranged at the bottom of the main frame. The feed box component 4 is installed on the top of the main frame. The feed box component 4 includes a fertilizer box 41 and a seed box 42. Both the fertilizer box 41 and the seed box 42 are equipped with feeders. The seeding and dispensing drive wheel 7 drives the feeders installed in the fertilizer box 41 and the seed box 42 to spread fertilizer and seeds. The seeding and dispensing drive wheel 7 is a passive wheel; it only drives the feeders installed in the fertilizer box 41 and the seed box 42 when the tractor moves forward.

[0036] The strip-shaped deep tillage and fertilization assembly 1 includes a deep tillage frame 11, deep tillage blades 12, and a fertilizer application pipe assembly 13. The deep tillage blades 12 and the fertilizer application pipe assembly 13 are mounted on the deep tillage frame 11. A traction frame 14 is fixedly mounted on the deep tillage frame 11 for connecting a tractor, such as a tractor. The deep tillage blades 12 and the fertilizer application pipe assembly 13 are correspondingly arranged. A fertilizer depth plate 5 is fixedly connected to the side of the deep tillage blades 12 near the fertilizer application pipe assembly 13. The fertilizer application pipe assembly 13 includes a fixed pipe 131 and a flexible hose 132. The fixed pipe 131 is fixedly mounted above the fertilizer depth plate 5 and fixedly connected to the deep tillage blades 12. One end of the flexible hose 132 communicates with the fixed pipe 131, and the other end of the flexible hose 132 communicates with the fertilizer application pipe 132. The feed box 41 is connected, the working depth of the deep loosening blade 12 is 28 cm, and the fertilizer depth plate 5 is 10 cm from the ground. This setting can control the depth of fertilizer in the soil and target the fertilizer depth. The sowing component 3 has a sowing depth of 3 to 4 cm and targets the seed depth. The 10 cm fertilization depth and the 3 to 4 cm sowing depth can effectively control the vertical distance between fertilizer and seed by targeting the fertilizer depth and the seed depth. The vertical distance is about 6 to 7 cm. This application uses vertical depth as the target to effectively avoid seedling burn. The spacing between adjacent strip deep loosening and fertilization components 1 is twice the spacing between sowing components 3.

[0037] The deep loosening knife 12 includes a handle 121 and a blade 122, which are detachably connected. The fixing tube 131 and the fertilizer depth plate 5 are both fixedly installed on the handle 121.

[0038] The upper part of the handle 121 is provided with a tool connecting assembly 6. The tool connecting assembly 6 is used to connect the deep loosening frame 11 and the deep loosening knife 12. The tool connecting assembly 6 includes a fixed connecting plate 61 and a U-bolt clamp 62. The fixed connecting plate 61 is detachably connected to the handle 121. The U-bolt clamp 62 locks the fixed connecting plate 61 onto the deep loosening frame 11.

[0039] The pressing assembly 2 includes a connecting arm 21 and a pressing roller 22. The connecting arm 21 is angularly connected to the deep loosening frame 11, and the pressing roller 22 is rotatably connected to the connecting arm 21.

[0040] The sowing assembly 3 includes a furrow opener 31, a sowing tube 32, and a covering wheel 33. One end of the sowing tube 32 is connected to the seed box 42, and the other end of the sowing tube 32 is set inside the furrow opener 31. A furrow opener 31, a sowing tube 32, and a covering wheel 33 constitute a set of sowing equipment, and two adjacent sets of sowing equipment are arranged alternately.

[0041] The deep slack raft 11 is provided with a connecting hole 111 and an adjusting hole 112 at its end. There is one connecting hole 111 and several adjusting holes 112. A connecting guard plate 113 is fixedly connected to the deep slack raft 11 corresponding to the connecting hole 111. The connecting guard plate 113 has a through hole corresponding to the connecting hole 111. The connecting hole 111 and the connecting guard plate 113 form an installation space. An adjusting guard plate 114 is fixedly connected to the deep slack raft 11 corresponding to the adjusting hole 112. The adjusting guard plate 114 has a through hole corresponding to the adjusting hole 112. A channel is formed between the adjusting hole 112 and the adjusting guard plate 114.

[0042] One end of the connecting arm 21 passes through the channel formed between the adjusting hole 112 and the adjusting guard plate 114 and is rotatably connected to the connecting hole 111 and the connecting guard plate 113.

[0043] The upper part of the deep loosening frame 11 is hinged with a deep loosening arm 8. The end of the deep loosening arm 8 away from the deep loosening frame 11 is adjustablely connected to the main frame. A deep loosening adjustment frame 9 is installed on the upper part of the deep loosening frame 11 corresponding to the deep loosening arm 8. The deep loosening arm 8 passes through the deep loosening adjustment frame 9. Several deep loosening adjustment holes 91 are opened on the deep loosening adjustment frame 9. Positioning pins are inserted into the deep loosening adjustment holes 91 to adjust the height of the deep loosening arm 8.

[0044] An angle adjustment disc 10 is connected to the end of the deep loosening arm 8 away from the deep loosening frame 11, and the angle adjustment disc 10 is fixedly connected to the main frame.

[0045] A deep tillage blade 12 and a fertilizer application tube assembly 13 constitute a set of deep tillage and fertilizer application devices, and the deep tillage frame 11 is equipped with multiple deep tillage and fertilizer application devices arranged in a staggered manner.

[0046] It should be noted that the trencher 31 in this application is prior art. Its structure and working principle have been disclosed in the applicant's earlier patent applications. Therefore, its structure and working principle will not be described in this application.

Claims

1. A precision row seeder for deep tillage and fertilization of wheat, comprising a main frame and an operating table, characterized in that: The main frame is equipped with a strip-shaped deep tillage fertilization assembly (1), a compaction assembly (2), a seeding assembly (3), a feed box assembly (4), and a seeding and feeding drive wheel (7). Multiple strip-shaped deep tillage fertilization assemblies (1), compaction assemblies (2), and seeding assemblies (3) are provided. The strip-shaped deep tillage fertilization assembly (1) is installed on one side of the main frame. The compaction assembly (2) and seeding assembly (3) are sequentially arranged at the bottom of the main frame. The feed box assembly (4) is installed at the top of the main frame. Component (4) includes a fertilizer box (41) and a seed box (42). Both the fertilizer box (41) and the seed box (42) are equipped with feeders. The seeding and feeding drive wheel (7) is connected to the feeders installed in the fertilizer box (41) and the seed box (42) to spread fertilizer and seed. The strip deep loosening and fertilization component (1) includes a deep loosening frame (11), a deep loosening blade (12), and a fertilizer application pipe assembly (13). The deep loosening blade (12) and the fertilizer application pipe assembly (13) are installed on the deep loosening frame (11). A traction frame (14) is fixedly installed on the slack rack (11). The deep slack cutter (12) and the fertilizer application pipe assembly (13) are correspondingly arranged. A fertilizer depth plate (5) is fixedly connected to the side of the deep slack cutter (12) near the fertilizer application pipe assembly (13). The fertilizer application pipe assembly (13) includes a fixed pipe (131) and a flexible hose (132). The fixed pipe (131) is fixedly installed above the fertilizer depth plate (5) and fixedly connected to the deep slack cutter (12). One end of the flexible hose (132) is connected to the fixed pipe (131). 31) Connected, the other end of the hose (132) is connected to the fertilizer box (41), the working depth of the deep loosening knife (12) is 28 cm, the fertilizer depth plate (5) is 10 cm from the ground, such a setting can control the depth of fertilizer in the soil and target the depth of fertilizer, the sowing depth of the seeding component (3) is 3 cm to 4 cm, and the depth of the seed is targeted, the spacing between adjacent strip deep loosening fertilizer application components (1) is twice the spacing between the seeding components (3).

2. The precision strip seeder for deep tillage and fertilization of wheat as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The deep loosening knife (12) includes a handle (121) and a blade (122). The handle (121) and the blade (122) are detachably connected. The fixing tube (131) and the fertilizer depth plate (5) are both fixedly installed on the handle (121).

3. The precision strip seeder for deep tillage and fertilization of wheat as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The upper part of the handle (121) is provided with a tool connecting assembly (6). The tool connecting assembly (6) is used to connect the deep loosening frame (11) and the deep loosening tool (12). The tool connecting assembly (6) includes a fixed connecting plate (61) and a U-bolt clamp (62). The fixed connecting plate (61) is detachably connected to the handle (121). The U-bolt clamp (62) locks the fixed connecting plate (61) onto the deep loosening frame (11).

4. The precision strip seeder for deep tillage and fertilization of wheat as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The pressing assembly (2) includes a connecting arm (21) and a pressing roller (22). The connecting arm (21) is angularly connected to the deep loosening frame (11), and the pressing roller (22) is rotatably connected to the connecting arm (21).

5. The precision strip seeder for deep tillage and fertilization of wheat as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The sowing assembly (3) includes a furrow opener (31), a sowing tube (32), and a covering wheel (33). One end of the sowing tube (32) is connected to the seed box (42), and the other end of the sowing tube (32) is set inside the furrow opener (31). A furrow opener (31), a sowing tube (32), and a covering wheel (33) constitute a set of sowing equipment, and two adjacent sets of sowing equipment are staggered.

6. The precision strip seeder for deep tillage and fertilization of wheat as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The deep slack frame (11) is provided with a connecting hole (111) and an adjusting hole (112) at its end. There is one connecting hole (111) and several adjusting holes (112). A connecting guard plate (113) is fixedly connected to the deep slack frame (11) corresponding to the connecting hole (111). A through hole corresponding to the connecting hole (111) is opened on the connecting guard plate (113). The connecting hole (111) and the connecting guard plate (113) form an installation space. An adjusting guard plate (114) is fixedly connected to the deep slack frame (11) corresponding to the adjusting hole (112). A through hole corresponding to the adjusting hole (112) is opened on the adjusting guard plate (114). A channel is formed between the adjusting hole (112) and the adjusting guard plate (114).

7. The precision strip seeder for deep tillage and fertilization of wheat as described in claim 6, characterized in that: One end of the connecting arm (21) passes through the channel formed between the adjusting hole (112) and the adjusting guard plate (114) and is rotatably connected to the connecting hole (111) and the connecting guard plate (113).

8. The precision strip seeder for deep tillage and fertilization of wheat according to claim 7, characterized in that: The upper part of the deep loosening frame (11) is hinged with a deep loosening arm (8). The end of the deep loosening arm (8) away from the deep loosening frame (11) is adjustablely connected to the main frame. The upper part of the deep loosening frame (11) is equipped with a deep loosening adjustment frame (9) corresponding to the deep loosening arm (8). The deep loosening arm (8) passes through the deep loosening adjustment frame (9). The deep loosening adjustment frame (9) has several deep loosening adjustment holes (91). Positioning pins are inserted into the deep loosening adjustment holes (91) to adjust the height of the deep loosening arm (8).

9. The precision strip seeder for deep tillage and fertilization of wheat as described in claim 8, characterized in that: An angle adjustment disc (10) is connected to one end of the deep loosening arm (8) away from the deep loosening frame (11), and the angle adjustment disc (10) is fixedly connected to the main frame.

10. The precision strip seeder for deep tillage and fertilization of wheat according to claim 8, characterized in that: A deep tillage knife (12) and a fertilizer application tube assembly (13) constitute a set of deep tillage and fertilizer application devices, and the deep tillage frame (11) is equipped with multiple deep tillage and fertilizer application devices arranged in a staggered manner.

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