Fuel cell tail gas treatment system for a sealed site

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of fuel cell tail gas treatment systems for sealed place, fuel cell tail gas out pipe is connected after filter and is divided into two ways, two ways are respectively connected two molecular sieve tank inlets by two first inlet control valves, two molecular sieve tank outlets are respectively connected to cooler by two first outlet control valves, cooler is connected gas-liquid separator, and then divided into sending collection storage tank, fuel cell oxygen inlet pipe;Two molecular sieve tank inlets are also respectively connected intermediate pipeline one end by two second inlet control valves, two molecular sieve tank outlets are also respectively connected intermediate pipeline other end by two second storage tank control valves, first, second intermediate control valve are sequentially arranged on the intermediate pipeline from one end to the other end, regenerative inlet pipe is also connected on the intermediate pipeline after second intermediate control valve, regenerative inlet pipe is sequentially connected with heater and compressed air pipe, and regenerative outlet pipe is connected from the intermediate pipeline between first, second intermediate control valve. Efficient, stable, safe to tail gas separation, collection and discharge.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to an exhaust gas treatment system, specifically an exhaust gas treatment system for fuel cells in sealed environments. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of productivity, special ships and marine engineering require batteries with strong continuous power to serve them. Fuel cells, as a cost-effective product, have broad prospects. When used in sealed environments of ships and marine engineering, the exhaust gas generated by fuel cells cannot be directly discharged into the sealed space. It needs to be treated to prevent the exhaust gas from being discharged into the confined space and causing harm. Therefore, a fuel cell exhaust gas treatment system for sealed environments is needed to collect, separate, liquefy and other harmless treatments of the exhaust gas. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a fuel cell exhaust gas treatment system for sealed locations that can efficiently, stably, and safely separate, collect, and discharge exhaust gas.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by this utility model is: a fuel cell exhaust gas treatment system for sealed locations, including molecular sieve tanks, characterized in that: the fuel cell exhaust gas outlet pipe is connected to a filter and then splits into two paths, the two paths are respectively connected to the inlets of two molecular sieve tanks via two first inlet control valves, the outlets of the two molecular sieve tanks are respectively connected to a cooler via two first outlet control valves, the cooler is connected to a gas-liquid separator, the liquid phase of the gas-liquid separator is connected to a collection storage tank, and the gas phase of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the oxygen inlet pipe of the fuel cell; the inlets of the two molecular sieve tanks are also respectively connected to one end of an intermediate pipeline via two second inlet control valves, and the outlets of the two molecular sieve tanks are also respectively connected to the other end of the intermediate pipeline via two second storage tank control valves, the intermediate pipeline is provided with first and second intermediate control valves arranged sequentially from one end to the other end, the intermediate pipeline after the second intermediate control valve is also connected to a regeneration inlet pipe, the regeneration inlet pipe is sequentially connected to a heater and a compressed air pipe, and the intermediate pipeline between the first and second intermediate control valves is connected to the regeneration outlet pipe.

[0005] A gas compressor is installed in front of the cooler.

[0006] The cooler is a condenser, and the cooling of the condenser is supplied by a compression refrigeration system.

[0007] The condenser consists of two or more stages of evaporative condensers with different temperatures connected in series.

[0008] In the two or more stages of evaporative condensers with different temperatures, the higher temperature stage is cooled by a water-cooled or compression refrigeration system, while the lower temperature stage is cooled by a compression refrigeration system.

[0009] The cooling systems for the evaporators and condensers at different temperatures can be set up separately or supplied by a single cooling system.

[0010] A heat exchanger is installed in front of the cooler.

[0011] The heat exchanger is connected to the heater outside the regeneration inlet pipe.

[0012] The regenerated exhaust pipe exhausts gas through the air-water vapor cooler, and the cold circuit of the air-water vapor cooler is connected to the return liquid line of the cooling compression refrigeration system that supplies cooling to the cooler.

[0013] The air-water vapor cooler is also equipped with heat exchange pipes, which are connected to the heater.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0015] 1. The exhaust gas generated by the fuel cell is discharged from the sealed area through the exhaust gas outlet pipe of the fuel cell. It is first filtered by a filter and then sent to one or two molecular sieve tanks for carbon dioxide adsorption. The first inlet control valve of the two molecular sieve tanks can be controlled to keep one in standby or to use both at the same time when high power is required. After adsorption, the exhaust gas contains unburned oxygen and a small amount of water vapor and carbon dioxide. It is then sent to a cooler for condensation. The vapor can be condensed by a high-temperature evaporative condenser and the carbon dioxide can be condensed by a low-temperature evaporative condenser. Then, the oxygen and carbon dioxide liquid are separated by a gas-liquid separator. The carbon dioxide liquid is sent to a collection tank for collection, and the separated oxygen is returned to the oxygen inlet pipe of the fuel cell for reuse. This can stably, efficiently and safely treat and collect the fuel cell exhaust gas.

[0016] 2. When one molecular sieve tank is in standby mode, once either molecular sieve tank becomes saturated, the other molecular sieve tank can be switched to continue adsorption. The saturated molecular sieve tank is regenerated. During regeneration, the second intermediate control valve is closed and the first intermediate control valve is opened. Compressed air is preheated by the heat exchanger and heated by the heater before being sent to the saturated molecular sieve tank for regeneration through the regeneration inlet pipe and intermediate pipeline. The regenerated exhaust gas is discharged through the first intermediate control valve and intermediate pipeline, and then cooled by the air-water vapor cooler before being discharged. The condensate is discharged, ensuring continuous and efficient exhaust gas treatment and achieving green circular treatment.

[0017] 3. The cooler adopts a multi-stage evaporator-condenser with different temperatures and a pre-installed gas compressor, which can control the pressure of the exhaust gas that needs to be cooled and separated. The exhaust gas pressure can be selected and controlled according to the exhaust gas volume and carbon dioxide content, and different pressures can be adjusted for different contents. When the pressure is high, only low-temperature evaporator-condenser water cooling or low-power compression refrigeration is required for cooling. When the pressure is low, multiple temperature or high-temperature evaporator-condensers need to be used in combination, which can take into account separation efficiency, separation rate and energy saving requirements. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the intercooler structure;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of this utility model.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Fuel cell; 2. Fuel cell oxygen inlet pipe; 3. Fuel cell exhaust outlet pipe; 4. Filter; 5. First inlet pipe control valve; 6. Second inlet pipe control valve; 7. Molecular sieve tank; 8. First outlet pipe control valve; 9. Second outlet pipe control valve; 10. Intermediate pipeline; 11. First intermediate control valve; 12. Second intermediate control valve; 13. Regeneration inlet pipe; 14. Heater; 15. Compressed air pipe; 16. Regeneration outlet pipe; 17. Air-water vapor cooler; 18. Cooler; 19. Gas-liquid separator; 20. Collection tank; 21. High-temperature evaporator-condenser; 22. Low-temperature evaporator-condenser; 23. Compression refrigeration system; 24. Heat exchanger; 25. Gas compressor. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, provides further details.

[0023] Figures 1-2 Embodiment 1 shown: A fuel cell exhaust gas treatment system for sealed locations includes a fuel cell exhaust gas outlet pipe 3, a filter 4, a first inlet pipe control valve 5, a second inlet pipe control valve 6, a molecular sieve tank 7, a first outlet pipe control valve 8, a second outlet pipe control valve 9, an intermediate pipeline 10, a first intermediate control valve 11, a second intermediate control valve 12, a regeneration inlet pipe 13, a heater 14, a compressed air pipe 15, a regeneration outlet pipe 16, an air-water vapor cooler 17, a cooler 18, a gas-liquid separator 19, and a collection storage tank 20.

[0024] Fuel cell 1 is connected to a propylene gas inlet pipe and a fuel cell oxygen inlet pipe 2. The exhaust gas from fuel cell 1 passes through fuel cell exhaust outlet pipe 3 and filter 4, then splits into two paths. Each path connects to the inlet of two molecular sieve tanks 7 via two first inlet control valves 5. The outlets of the two molecular sieve tanks 7 are combined via two first outlet control valves 8 and connected to cooler 18. Cooler 18 connects to gas-liquid separator 19. The liquid phase of gas-liquid separator 19 is connected to collection tank 20, and the gas phase is connected to fuel cell oxygen inlet pipe 2. The inlets of the two molecular sieve tanks 7 are also combined via two second inlet control valves 6. One end of the intermediate pipeline 10 is connected to the outlet of the two molecular sieve tanks 7, which are connected to the other end of the intermediate pipeline 10 via two second storage tank control valves 9. The intermediate pipeline 10 is equipped with first and second intermediate control valves 11 and 12 in sequence from one end to the other. The intermediate pipeline 10 after the second intermediate control valve 12 is also connected to a regeneration air inlet pipe 13. The regeneration air inlet pipe 13 is connected to a heater 14 and a compressed air pipe 15 in sequence. The intermediate pipeline 10 between the first and second intermediate control valves is connected to a regeneration air outlet pipe 16. The regeneration air outlet pipe 16 is connected to an air-water vapor cooler 17 for condensate discharge and cooling exhaust.

[0025] In this embodiment, the cooler 18 includes a high-temperature evaporative condenser 21, a low-temperature evaporative condenser 22, and a compression refrigeration system 23. The high-temperature evaporative condenser 21 and the low-temperature evaporative condenser 22 are connected in series and are both connected to the compression refrigeration system 23. The liquid returned from the high-temperature evaporative condenser 21 and the low-temperature evaporative condenser 22 is sent to the air-water vapor cooler 17 to release heat and then returned to the compression refrigeration system 23.

[0026] In this embodiment, the compression refrigeration system 23 can distribute cooling power to the high-temperature evaporator condenser 21 and the low-temperature evaporator condenser 22 via a distribution valve.

[0027] Figure 3 The difference between Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 1 is that a gas compressor 25 and a heat exchanger 24 are installed in the cooler 18. The compressed air pipe 15 sends the regeneration supply gas to the heater 14 to heat the gas to a temperature of up to 200 degrees Celsius. The gas can be preheated by the heat exchanger 24 before being sent to the heater. The gas compressor 25 can compress the exhaust gas containing a small amount of carbon dioxide sent from the molecular sieve tank to facilitate efficient and energy-saving cooling.

[0028] Based on the above embodiments, the preheating of the compressed air inlet heating of the compressed air pipe 15 can be achieved by utilizing other equipment in the system that requires heat release and exchange.

[0029] Based on the above embodiments, the high-temperature evaporator condenser 21 can also be connected to water cooling.

[0030] In the above embodiments, the liquid return of the high-temperature evaporator-condenser 21 and the low-temperature evaporator-condenser 22 can be either the compression end or the refrigerant circulation end. If it is the compression end, it can also be used in other refrigeration systems.

Claims

1. A fuel cell exhaust gas treatment system for sealed environments, comprising a molecular sieve tank, characterized in that: The fuel cell exhaust pipe is connected to a filter and then splits into two paths. Each path connects to the inlet of a molecular sieve tank via two first inlet control valves. The outlets of the two molecular sieve tanks are connected to a cooler via two first outlet control valves. The cooler connects to a gas-liquid separator. The liquid phase of the gas-liquid separator is connected to a collection tank, and the gas phase is connected to the oxygen inlet of the fuel cell. The inlets of the two molecular sieve tanks are also connected to one end of an intermediate pipeline via two second inlet control valves. The outlets of the two molecular sieve tanks are also connected to the other end of the intermediate pipeline via two second storage tank control valves. The intermediate pipeline is equipped with first and second intermediate control valves arranged sequentially from one end to the other. A regeneration inlet pipe is connected to the intermediate pipeline after the second intermediate control valve. The regeneration inlet pipe is connected to a heater and a compressed air pipe in sequence. The intermediate pipeline between the first and second intermediate control valves connects to the regeneration outlet pipe.

2. The fuel cell exhaust gas treatment system for sealed locations according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gas compressor is installed in front of the cooler.

3. A fuel cell exhaust gas treatment system for sealed locations according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The cooler is a condenser, and the cooling of the condenser is supplied by a compression refrigeration system.

4. The fuel cell exhaust gas treatment system for sealed locations according to claim 3, characterized in that: The condenser consists of two or more stages of evaporative condensers with different temperatures connected in series.

5. A fuel cell exhaust gas treatment system for sealed locations according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the two or more stages of evaporative condensers with different temperatures, the higher temperature stage is cooled by a water-cooled or compression refrigeration system, while the lower temperature stage is cooled by a compression refrigeration system.

6. A fuel cell exhaust gas treatment system for sealed locations according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cooling systems for the evaporators and condensers at different temperatures can be set up separately or supplied by a single cooling system.

7. A fuel cell exhaust gas treatment system for sealed locations according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A heat exchanger is installed in front of the cooler.

8. A fuel cell exhaust gas treatment system for sealed locations according to claim 7, characterized in that: The heat exchanger is connected to the heater outside the regeneration inlet pipe.

9. A fuel cell exhaust gas treatment system for sealed locations according to claim 7, characterized in that: The regenerated exhaust pipe exhausts gas through the air-water vapor cooler, and the cold circuit of the air-water vapor cooler is connected to the return liquid line of the cooling compression refrigeration system that supplies cooling to the cooler.

10. A fuel cell exhaust gas treatment system for sealed locations according to claim 9, characterized in that: The air-water vapor cooler is also equipped with heat exchange pipes, which are connected to the heater.

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