An agricultural internet of things data acquisition control system

Abstract

The utility model discloses an agricultural internet of things data acquisition control system, including main control cabinet, solar generating mechanism, monitoring mechanism and spraying irrigation mechanism. This agricultural internet of things data acquisition control system utilizes each bottom monitoring branch to monitor the area respectively, monitors carbon dioxide concentration, temperature and soil humidity etc. data in field, helps remote control center real -time monitoring the data in each area, and remote control center judges whether need irrigation according to the plant humidity demand in the area and the data in the corresponding area, when need irrigation, then through main control unit control corresponding irrigation branch watering, thereby according to the plant difference of each area, carries out corresponding irrigation management and data acquisition to each area, realizes the fine management, adapts the field that has different crops to plant, utilizes water storage branch to collect rainwater to reach the purpose of comprehensive utilization rainwater resources and water saving.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to an agricultural management system, and more particularly to an agricultural Internet of Things (IoT) data acquisition and control system. Background Technology

[0002] The Internet of Things (IoT) technology has been widely applied in various fields, especially in agriculture, where it has brought about significant intelligent and automated changes to agricultural production. Specifically, smart agriculture combines IoT technology with agricultural production to achieve real-time monitoring and automated management of the crop growth environment. Different agricultural regions have varying soil, climate, and crop types. Traditional agricultural management methods fall far short of the standards of refined management, remaining largely extensive. In this approach, environmental parameters are managed through human perception; while existing intelligent management devices still require human intervention based on production experience to control various actuators. Utility Model Content

[0003] Purpose of the utility model: To provide an agricultural Internet of Things (IoT) data acquisition and control system that can collect data and manage irrigation according to the crops planted in different areas.

[0004] Technical Solution: The agricultural IoT data acquisition and control system provided by this utility model includes a main control cabinet, a solar power generation mechanism, a monitoring mechanism, and a sprinkler irrigation mechanism; the sprinkler irrigation mechanism includes a water storage branch and an irrigation branch; the monitoring mechanism includes a top monitoring branch and multiple bottom monitoring branches; the main control cabinet is equipped with a main controller, a main wireless communication module, a main memory, and a battery for power supply; the main wireless communication module and the main memory are electrically connected to the main controller; the solar power generation mechanism is used to charge the battery; the top monitoring branch is installed on the top of the solar power generation mechanism and is used to collect data such as light intensity, rainfall, wind speed, and images. The system collects data and is controlled by a main controller; a water storage branch stores water and supplies it to the irrigation branch; the irrigation branch is used for sprinkler irrigation; a first slave controller and a first slave wireless communication module electrically connected to the first slave controller are installed on the water storage branch, and both the water storage branch and the irrigation branch are controlled by the first slave controller; each bottom monitoring branch corresponds to the location of each irrigation branch and is used to monitor data such as carbon dioxide concentration, temperature, and soil moisture; a second slave controller and a second slave wireless communication module electrically connected to the second slave controller are installed on each bottom monitoring branch; each bottom monitoring branch is electrically connected to its corresponding second slave controller.

[0005] Furthermore, the solar power generation mechanism includes a column, solar panels, and an adjustment unit; the adjustment unit is height-adjustable and installed on the column, the solar panels are installed on the adjustment unit, and the adjustment unit adjusts the orientation and tilt angle of the solar panels; the solar panels charge the battery through a solar charging circuit.

[0006] Furthermore, the top monitoring branch includes a camera adjustment unit, a camera, a rain sensor, a light sensor, and a wind speed sensor; the rain sensor is mounted on the column via a horizontal plate and is electrically connected to the main controller; the light sensor and the wind speed sensor are both mounted on the column via vertical rods and are both electrically connected to the main controller; the camera adjustment unit is mounted on the vertical rod, and the camera is mounted on the camera adjustment unit and electrically connected to the main controller, with the camera adjustment unit adjusting the camera's orientation and tilt angle.

[0007] Furthermore, the camera adjustment unit includes a rotation drive structure and a pitch drive structure; the rotation drive structure is mounted on a vertical rod; the pitch drive structure is mounted on the rotation drive structure and rotates the pitch drive structure driven by the rotation drive structure; the camera is mounted on the pitch drive structure and adjusts the pitch angle of the camera by the pitch drive structure.

[0008] Furthermore, the bottom monitoring branch includes a bottom control box, a carbon dioxide sensor, a temperature sensor, and a soil moisture sensor; the second slave controller and the second slave wireless communication module are both located inside the bottom control box; the temperature sensor and the carbon dioxide sensor are both mounted on the bottom control box and are both electrically connected to the second slave controller; a positioning pin for insertion and positioning is provided at the bottom of the bottom control box; the soil moisture sensor is used for insertion into the soil and is electrically connected to the second slave controller.

[0009] Furthermore, the water storage branch includes a water tank, a control box, a collection hopper, and a water pump; the first slave controller and the first slave wireless communication module are both located inside the control box; a water level sensor electrically connected to the first slave controller is installed on the water tank; a water pump for supplying water to the water tank is installed inside the control box; the water pump is electrically connected to the first slave controller through a water storage drive circuit; and the collection hopper is fixedly attached to the top surface of the water tank through a water storage pipe.

[0010] Furthermore, the irrigation branch includes an irrigation pump, a main water pipe, and multiple irrigation units; the irrigation pump is installed in the control box and is electrically connected to the first slave controller through the irrigation drive circuit, and is used to transport water in the water tank to the main water pipe; each irrigation branch is connected to the main water pipe through branch hoses for irrigation.

[0011] Furthermore, the irrigation unit includes an electromagnetic water valve, an irrigation seat, an irrigation tilting pipe, and an irrigation positioning structure; the electromagnetic water valve is connected in series with the branch hose and electrically connected to the first slave controller; irrigation ground nails for insertion and positioning are fixed on the bottom of the irrigation seat; a rotating pipe shaft with a horizontal axis and connected to the main water pipe is fixed on the irrigation seat; the irrigation tilting pipe is rotatably mounted on the rotating pipe shaft in a sealed manner; a rotating positioning pipe is fixedly connected to the irrigation tilting pipe; an irrigation nozzle is rotatably mounted on the rotating positioning pipe in a sealed manner; and the irrigation positioning structure is used to rotate and position the irrigation tilting pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, the irrigation positioning structure includes a positioning pin and a positioning half-ring; the positioning half-ring is coaxially mounted on the irrigation pitching pipe; multiple positioning holes are spaced apart on the positioning half-ring; the positioning pin is telescopically mounted on the irrigation seat via a telescopic rod, and its end is inserted into one of the positioning holes.

[0013] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are as follows: The top monitoring branch monitors data such as light intensity, rainfall, wind speed, and field images, storing this data in the main memory. The main controller uploads the data from the main memory to the remote control center via the main wireless communication module. Each bottom monitoring branch monitors its respective area, including data such as carbon dioxide concentration, temperature, and soil moisture. The second slave controller transmits the data to the remote control center via the second slave wireless communication module, enabling the remote control center to monitor data in each area in real time. The remote control center determines whether irrigation is needed based on the plant humidity requirements and the corresponding data. When irrigation is required, a signal is sent to the first slave controller via the first slave wireless communication module, causing the main controller to control the corresponding irrigation branch to irrigate. This allows for targeted irrigation management and data collection based on plant differences in each area, achieving refined management and adapting to fields with different crops. The location of each irrigation branch corresponds to that of each bottom monitoring branch, ensuring that zoning data and irrigation management are mutually correlated. Rainwater is collected using water storage branches, achieving comprehensive utilization of rainwater resources and water conservation. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the power generation mechanism of this utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a front view of the solar panel of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a left view of the solar panel of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rainwater collection mechanism of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the collection hopper of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the irrigation branch installation of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 7 This is an enlarged view of the irrigation branch of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 8 This is an enlarged view of the monitoring branch of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of this utility model;

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Support base plate; 2. Main control cabinet; 3. Cabinet door; 4. Bottom water baffle; 5. Column; 6. Annular groove; 7. Vertical rod; 8. Horizontal plate; 9. Rain sensor; 10. Light sensor; 11. Wind speed sensor; 12. Camera rotating tube; 13. Rotary drive motor; 14. Horizontal rod; 15. Camera; 16. Swing seat; 17. Pitch drive motor; 18. Adjustment sleeve; 19. Pitch rotating tube; 20. Back plate support rod; 21. Adjusting bolt; 22. Hinge rod; 23. Pitch adjustment seat; 24. Pitch positioning bolt; 25. Pitch adjustment guide rail; 26. Solar panel; 27. 28. Backplate; 30. Clearance hole; 31. Water tank; 32. Water storage pipe; 33. Filter screen; 34. Collection hopper; 35. Water level sensor; 36. Inlet pipe; 37. Outlet pipe; 48. Control box; 49. Solenoid water valve; 40. Main water pipe; 41. Branch hose; 42. Irrigation pitch pipe; 43. Rotary positioning pipe; 44. Irrigation nozzle; 45. Parallel plate; 46. Telescopic rod; 47. Irrigation seat; 48. Irrigation ground nail; 59. Positioning semi-ring; 50. Positioning pin; 51. Carbon dioxide sensor; 52. Positioning pin; 53. Soil moisture sensor; 54. Bottom control box; 55. Branch baffle plate. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solution of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited to the described embodiments.

[0025] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0026] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "left", "right", "front", "back", "up", "down", "top", "bottom", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the purpose of simplifying the description of this utility model and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0027] Example 1:

[0028] like Figure 1-9 As shown, the agricultural Internet of Things (IoT) data acquisition and control system provided by this utility model includes: a main control cabinet 2, a solar power generation mechanism, a monitoring mechanism, and a sprinkler irrigation mechanism; the sprinkler irrigation mechanism includes a water storage branch and an irrigation branch; the monitoring mechanism includes a top monitoring branch and multiple bottom monitoring branches; the main control cabinet 2 is mounted on the solar power generation mechanism; a maintenance window is provided on one vertical side of the main control cabinet 2; a cabinet door 3 is hinged to the main control cabinet 2 to close the maintenance window; the main control cabinet 2 contains a main controller, a main wireless communication module, a main memory, and a battery for power supply; the solar power generation mechanism is used to charge the battery; the main wireless communication module and the main memory are both electrically connected to the main controller; the top monitoring branch is mounted on the top of the solar power generation mechanism, and is used for... The system collects data such as light intensity, rainfall, wind speed, and images, and is controlled by a main controller. Irrigation branches are intermittently inserted into the soil for spray irrigation. Water storage branches collect rainwater and supply it to the irrigation branches. A first slave controller and a first slave wireless communication module electrically connected to the first slave controller are installed on each water storage branch; both the water storage and irrigation branches are controlled by the first slave controller. Bottom monitoring branches are intermittently inserted into the soil, corresponding to the positions of the irrigation branches, and are used to monitor data such as carbon dioxide concentration, temperature, and soil moisture. A second slave controller and a second slave wireless communication module electrically connected to each bottom monitoring branch are installed on each bottom monitoring branch. Each bottom monitoring branch is electrically connected to its corresponding second slave controller.

[0029] The system utilizes top monitoring branches to monitor data such as light intensity, rainfall, wind speed, and field images, storing this data in the main memory. The main controller uploads the data from the main memory to the remote control center via the main wireless communication module. Each bottom monitoring branch monitors its respective area, tracking data such as carbon dioxide concentration, temperature, and soil moisture. A second slave controller transmits this data to the remote control center via its second slave wireless communication module, enabling the remote control center to monitor data in each area in real time. Based on the plant humidity requirements and corresponding data within the area, combined with the data collected by the top monitoring branches, the remote control center determines whether irrigation is needed. If irrigation is required, a signal is sent to the first slave controller via the first slave wireless communication module, causing the first slave controller to control the corresponding irrigation branch to water the plant. This allows for targeted irrigation management and data collection based on the differences in plants in each area, achieving refined management suitable for fields planted with different crops. The system also uses the correspondence between the locations of each irrigation branch and the bottom monitoring branches to ensure that zoning data and irrigation management are correlated. Furthermore, rainwater is collected by water storage branches to achieve comprehensive utilization of rainwater resources and water conservation.

[0030] Furthermore, the solar power generation mechanism includes a column 5, solar panels 26, and an adjustment unit; the adjustment unit includes a mounting back plate 27, an adjustment sleeve 18, a hinge rod 22, and two pitch and rotation tubes 19; a support base plate 1 is fixed to the lower end of the column 5; the main control cabinet 2 is mounted on the support base plate 1; a bottom water baffle 4 for sheltering the main control cabinet 2 from rain is fixed to the lower side of the column 5; multiple annular grooves 6 are spaced apart on the column 5; multiple adjustment holes are spaced apart at the bottom of each annular groove 6; the adjustment sleeve 18 is sleeved on the column 5; an adjustment bolt 21 with its end inserted into one of the adjustment holes is threaded onto the adjustment sleeve 18; the two pitch and rotation tubes 19 are rotatably and horizontally mounted on the vertical side wall of the adjustment sleeve 18. The two pitch rotating tubes 19 are aligned with each other; a clearance hole 28 is provided in the middle of the mounting back plate 27; an adjusting sleeve 18 passes through the clearance hole 28; a back plate support rod 20 is provided on each of the two pitch rotating tubes 19 and fixed to the lower side of the mounting back plate 27; a pitch adjusting guide rail 25 is provided on the lower side of the mounting back plate 27; a pitch adjusting seat 23 is slidably snapped onto the pitch adjusting guide rail 25; a pitch positioning bolt 24 with its end tightly pressed against the pitch adjusting guide rail 25 is threaded onto the pitch adjusting seat 23; one end of the hinge rod 22 is hinged to the adjusting sleeve 18 and the other end is hinged to the pitch adjusting seat 23; a solar panel 26 is installed on the upper side of the mounting back plate 27 and charges the battery through a solar power generation circuit.

[0031] The height of the solar panel 26 is adjusted by inserting adjusting bolts 21 into annular grooves 6 at different heights and adjusting sleeves 18 to adjust the height of the mounting backplate 27. The orientation of the solar panel 26 is adjusted by inserting adjusting bolts 21 into different adjusting holes within the same annular groove 6 and adjusting sleeves 18. The pitch adjustment guide rail 25, pitch adjustment seat 23, hinge rod 22, backplate support rod 20, and pitch rotation tube 19 are used to adjust the pitch adjustment seat 23. 3. Position the mounting backplate 27 on the pitch adjustment guide rail 25 until it reaches the desired angle, then tighten the pitch positioning bolt 24 so that the end of the pitch positioning bolt 24 is pressed tightly against the pitch adjustment guide rail 25, thereby adjusting the pitch angle of the mounting backplate 27 and thus adjusting the pitch angle of the solar panel 26. Use the adjustment unit to adjust the height, orientation, and pitch angle of the solar panel 26 so that the solar panel 26 can be adjusted according to the installation position, ensuring that the solar panel 26 has high power generation efficiency during long-term use and further saving energy.

[0032] Furthermore, the top monitoring branch includes a camera adjustment unit, a camera 15, a rain sensor 9, a light sensor 10, and a wind speed sensor 11; a horizontal plate 8 is fixed to the top of the column 5; the rain sensor 9 is mounted on the horizontal plate 8; a vertical rod 7 is fixed to the top of the column 5; the light sensor 10 and the wind speed sensor 11 are both mounted on the top of the vertical rod 7; the rain sensor 9, the light sensor 10, and the wind speed sensor 11 are all electrically connected to the main controller; the camera adjustment unit is mounted on the vertical rod 7, and the camera 15 is mounted on the camera adjustment unit and electrically connected to the main controller, and the camera adjustment unit adjusts the orientation and pitch angle of the camera 15.

[0033] The camera 15 is adjusted by adjusting the orientation and tilt angle of the camera 15 so that the camera 15 can collect field images from all directions. The camera 15 is used to collect image data of the field, and the rain sensor 9, light sensor 10 and wind speed sensor 11 are used to collect data on rainfall, wind speed and light intensity. The main controller stores the data in the memory and uploads the data in the memory to the remote control center through the main wireless communication module.

[0034] Furthermore, the camera adjustment unit includes a rotation drive structure and a pitch drive structure; the rotation drive structure includes a shooting rotation tube 12, a horizontal rod 14, and a rotation drive motor 13; the pitch drive structure includes a pitch drive motor 17 and a swing base 16; the shooting rotation tube 12 is coaxially rotatably mounted on the middle of the vertical rod 7; the rotation drive motor 13 drives the shooting rotation tube 12 to rotate through a gear ring transmission pair, and is electrically connected to the main controller through a rotation drive circuit; the horizontal rod 14 is horizontally fixed on the vertical side wall of the shooting rotation tube 12; the swing base 16 is mounted on the horizontal rod 14 in a pitch swing manner through a swing shaft; the pitch drive motor 17 drives the swing shaft to rotate through a worm gear transmission pair, and is electrically connected to the main controller through a pitch drive circuit; the camera 15 is mounted on the swing base 16.

[0035] The rotary drive motor 13 operates under the control of the main controller, and drives the rotating tube 12 to rotate through the gear ring transmission pair, thereby driving the pitch drive structure to rotate. The pitch drive motor 17 operates under the control of the main controller, and drives the swing shaft to rotate through the worm gear transmission pair, causing the swing seat 16 to drive the camera 15 to swing up and down, thereby realizing the adjustment of the orientation and pitch angle of the camera 15.

[0036] Furthermore, the bottom monitoring branch includes a bottom control box 55, a positioning pin 53, a carbon dioxide sensor 52, a temperature sensor, and a soil moisture sensor 54; the second slave controller and the second slave wireless communication module are both located inside the bottom control box 55; a slave memory electrically connected to the second slave controller is provided inside the bottom control box 55; the temperature sensor and the carbon dioxide sensor 52 are both installed on the lower side of the bottom control box 55 and are both electrically connected to the second slave controller; the upper end of the positioning pin 53 is fixed to the lower side of the bottom control box 55, and the lower end is inserted into the soil; the soil moisture sensor 54 is inserted into the soil and is electrically connected to the second slave controller; a branch water baffle 56 is provided on the top surface of the bottom control box 55.

[0037] The bottom control box 55 is inserted and positioned using the positioning pin 53. The second slave controller monitors carbon dioxide concentration, temperature and soil moisture data through carbon dioxide sensor 52, temperature sensor and soil moisture sensor 54, and stores the data in the slave memory. The second slave controller uploads the data in the slave memory to the remote control center in real time through the second slave wireless communication module. Each bottom monitoring branch helps the remote control center monitor the carbon dioxide concentration, temperature and soil moisture data of each area.

[0038] Furthermore, the water storage branch includes a water tank 30, a water storage pipe 31, a control box 37, a collection hopper 33, and a water pump; the control box 37 is installed on the top surface of the water tank 30; the first slave controller and the first slave wireless communication module are both located inside the control box 37; a water level sensor 34 for monitoring the water level in the water tank 30 is installed on the water tank 30, and the water level sensor 34 is electrically connected to the first slave controller; a water pump is installed inside the control box 37; the inlet of the water pump is used to connect to a water source, and the outlet is connected to the water tank 30 through an outlet pipe 36; the water pump is electrically connected to the first slave controller through a water storage drive circuit; the lower end of the water storage pipe 31 is fixed to the top surface of the water tank 30, and the upper end is sealed and penetrates the bottom of the collection hopper 33, and the upper end of the water storage pipe 31 is not higher than the upper opening of the collection hopper 33; a filter screen 32 is provided on the top of the water storage pipe 31.

[0039] Rainwater is collected using a collection hopper 33 and enters a water tank 30 through a water storage pipe 31. Debris such as leaves and pebbles in the collection hopper 33 is filtered out using a filter screen 32. The water level in the water tank 30 is monitored using a water level sensor 34. A preset water level threshold range is set. When the water level is lower than the preset water level threshold range, the first controller controls the water storage pump to operate and pump water from the water source into the water tank 30 until the water level reaches the highest point of the threshold range.

[0040] Furthermore, the irrigation branch includes an irrigation pump, a main water pipe 41, and multiple irrigation units; the irrigation pump is installed in the slave control box 37 and is electrically connected to the first slave controller through the irrigation drive circuit; the water inlet of the irrigation pump is connected to the bottom of the water tank 30 through the water inlet pipe 35, and the water outlet is connected to the main water pipe 41; each irrigation branch is connected to the main water pipe 41 through a branch hose 42 for irrigation.

[0041] By using the intermittent installation of each irrigation unit on the soil, a large area of ​​land can be sprayed for irrigation. Corresponding to the position of each bottom monitoring branch, when the first controller controls the opening of the electromagnetic water valve 40 corresponding to the irrigation unit at the corresponding position, it controls the operation of the irrigation pump to supply water to the irrigation unit.

[0042] Furthermore, the irrigation unit includes an electromagnetic water valve 40, an irrigation seat 48, an irrigation elevation pipe 43, and an irrigation positioning structure; irrigation nails 49 inserted into the soil are fixed on the lower side of the irrigation seat 48; two parallel plates 46 are fixed on the upper side of the irrigation seat 48; a rotating pipe shaft with one end closed is horizontally fixed through the two parallel plates 46, and the other end of the rotating pipe shaft is connected to the main water pipe 41 through a branch hose 42; the electromagnetic water valve 40 is connected in series with the branch hose 42 and is connected to the first slave control... The device is electrically connected; the irrigation tilting pipe 43 is rotatably and sealed on the rotating pipe shaft and located between two parallel plates 46; a connecting hole connected to the irrigation tilting pipe 43 is provided on the pipe wall of the rotating pipe shaft; a rotating positioning pipe 44 is fixedly and connected to the circumferential side wall of the irrigation tilting pipe 43; an irrigation nozzle 45 is rotatably and sealed on the end of the rotating positioning pipe 44, and the irrigation nozzle 45 and the rotating positioning pipe 44 are positioned by friction rotation; the irrigation positioning structure is used to rotate and position the irrigation tilting pipe 43.

[0043] The irrigation nail 49 serves as a positioning device; the rotational installation of the irrigation pitch pipe 43 and the positioning of the irrigation positioning mechanism enable the pitch angle adjustment of the irrigation nozzle 45. At the same time, the rotational installation of the irrigation nozzle 45 and its positioning with the rotational positioning pipe 44 enable the orientation adjustment of the irrigation nozzle 45, thereby adjusting the spraying position and range of the irrigation nozzle 45.

[0044] Furthermore, the irrigation positioning structure includes a positioning pin 51 and a positioning semi-ring 50; a telescopic hole is provided on the vertical side of the irrigation seat 48; a telescopic rod 47 is slidably inserted into the telescopic hole; the positioning semi-ring 50 is coaxially fixed to the circumferential side wall of the irrigation pitching pipe 43; multiple positioning holes are provided at intervals on the positioning semi-ring 50; the positioning pin 51 is L-shaped, and one end is fixed to the telescopic rod 47; a locking spring is elastically connected between the telescopic rod 47 and the bottom of the telescopic hole; the locking spring is used to drive the other end of the positioning pin 51 to be inserted into one of the positioning holes, and the middle part of the positioning pin 51 slides through the parallel plate 46.

[0045] The telescopic rod 47 is retracted into the telescopic hole by using a locking spring, so that the end of the positioning pin 51 is inserted into one of the positioning holes, thereby rotating and locking the irrigation pipe 43 to prevent the reaction force of the spray irrigation from causing the irrigation pipe 43 to rotate; the positioning pin 51 slides through the parallel plate 46, which plays a guiding and limiting role for the positioning pin 51.

[0046] In the agricultural Internet of Things (IoT) data acquisition and control system provided by this utility model, the main controller, the first slave controller, and the second slave controller all adopt existing single-chip microcomputer control modules; the main wireless communication module, the first slave wireless communication module, and the second slave wireless communication module all adopt existing wireless communication modules; the main memory adopts existing memory; the rain sensor 9, the light sensor 10, the wind speed sensor 11, the water level sensor 34, the temperature sensor, the soil moisture sensor 54, and the carbon dioxide sensor 52 all adopt existing sensors; the pitch drive motor 17 and the rotation drive motor 13 both adopt existing stepper motors, and the pitch drive circuit and the rotation drive circuit adopt corresponding stepper motor drive circuits; the water storage pump and the irrigation pump both adopt existing water pumps, and the water storage drive circuit and the irrigation drive circuit adopt corresponding water pump drive circuits.

[0047] As described above, although the present invention has been shown and described with reference to specific preferred embodiments, it should not be construed as limiting the present invention itself. Various changes in form and detail may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. An agricultural Internet of Things (IoT) data acquisition and control system, characterized in that: The system includes a main control cabinet (2), a solar power generation mechanism, a monitoring mechanism, and a sprinkler irrigation mechanism. The sprinkler irrigation mechanism includes a water storage branch and an irrigation branch. The monitoring mechanism includes a top monitoring branch and multiple bottom monitoring branches. The main control cabinet (2) is equipped with a main controller, a main wireless communication module, a main memory, and a battery for power supply. The main wireless communication module and the main memory are electrically connected to the main controller. The solar power generation mechanism is used to charge the battery. The top monitoring branch is installed on the top of the solar power generation mechanism and is used to collect data such as light intensity, rainfall, wind speed, and images. It is controlled by the main controller. The water storage branch is used to store water and supply water to the irrigation branch. The irrigation branch is used for sprinkler irrigation. A first slave controller and a first slave wireless communication module electrically connected to the first slave controller are installed on the water storage branch. The water storage branch and the irrigation branch are both controlled by the first slave controller. Each bottom monitoring branch corresponds to the position of each irrigation branch and is used to monitor data such as carbon dioxide concentration, temperature, and soil moisture. A second slave controller and a second slave wireless communication module electrically connected to the second slave controller are installed on each bottom monitoring branch. Each bottom monitoring branch is electrically connected to the corresponding second slave controller.

2. The agricultural Internet of Things (IoT) data acquisition and control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solar power generation mechanism includes a column (5), a solar panel (26), and an adjustment unit; the adjustment unit is height-adjustable and installed on the column (5), and the solar panel (26) is installed on the adjustment unit. The adjustment unit adjusts the orientation and pitch angle of the solar panel (26); the solar panel (26) charges the battery through a solar charging circuit.

3. The agricultural Internet of Things (IoT) data acquisition and control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top monitoring branch includes a camera adjustment unit, a camera (15), a rain sensor (9), a light sensor (10), and a wind speed sensor (11). The rain sensor (9) is mounted on the column (5) via a horizontal plate (8) and is electrically connected to the main controller. The light sensor (10) and the wind speed sensor (11) are both mounted on the column (5) via a vertical rod (7) and are electrically connected to the main controller. The camera adjustment unit is mounted on the vertical rod (7), and the camera (15) is mounted on the camera adjustment unit and electrically connected to the main controller. The camera adjustment unit adjusts the orientation and pitch angle of the camera (15).

4. The agricultural Internet of Things (IoT) data acquisition and control system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The camera adjustment unit includes a rotation drive structure and a pitch drive structure; the rotation drive structure is mounted on a vertical rod (7); the pitch drive structure is mounted on the rotation drive structure and is driven to rotate by the rotation drive structure; the camera (15) is mounted on the pitch drive structure and is adjusted by the pitch drive structure.

5. The agricultural Internet of Things (IoT) data acquisition and control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom monitoring branch includes a bottom control box (55), a carbon dioxide sensor (52), a temperature sensor, and a soil moisture sensor (54); the second slave controller and the second slave wireless communication module are both located inside the bottom control box (55); the temperature sensor and the carbon dioxide sensor (52) are both installed on the bottom control box (55) and are both electrically connected to the second slave controller; a positioning pin (53) for insertion and positioning is provided at the bottom of the bottom control box (55); the soil moisture sensor (54) is used to be inserted into the soil and is electrically connected to the second slave controller.

6. The agricultural Internet of Things (IoT) data acquisition and control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water storage branch includes a water tank (30), a control box (37), a collection hopper (33), and a water pump; the first slave controller and the first slave wireless communication module are both located in the control box (37); a water level sensor (34) electrically connected to the first slave controller is installed on the water tank (30); a water pump for supplying water to the water tank (30) is installed in the control box (37); the water pump is electrically connected to the first slave controller through a water storage drive circuit; the collection hopper (33) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the water tank (30) through a water storage pipe (31).

7. The agricultural Internet of Things (IoT) data acquisition and control system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The irrigation branch includes an irrigation pump, a main water pipe (41), and multiple irrigation units; the irrigation pump is installed in the control box (37) and is electrically connected to the first controller through the irrigation drive circuit, for transporting water in the water tank (30) to the main water pipe (41); each irrigation branch is connected to the main water pipe (41) through a branch hose (42) for irrigation.

8. The agricultural Internet of Things (IoT) data acquisition and control system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The irrigation unit includes an electromagnetic water valve (40), an irrigation seat (48), an irrigation tilting pipe (43), and an irrigation positioning structure; the electromagnetic water valve (40) is connected in series on the branch hose (42) and electrically connected to the first slave controller; an irrigation ground nail (49) for insertion positioning is fixed on the bottom of the irrigation seat (48); a rotating pipe shaft with a horizontal axis and connected to the main water pipe (41) is fixed on the irrigation seat (48); the irrigation tilting pipe (43) is sealed and rotated on the rotating pipe shaft; a rotating positioning pipe (44) is fixed in a connected manner on the irrigation tilting pipe (43); an irrigation nozzle (45) is sealed and rotated on the rotating positioning pipe (44); the irrigation positioning structure is used to rotate and position the irrigation tilting pipe (43).

9. The agricultural Internet of Things (IoT) data acquisition and control system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The watering positioning structure includes a positioning pin (51) and a positioning half-ring (50); the positioning half-ring (50) is coaxially mounted on the watering pitching pipe (43); multiple positioning holes are spaced apart on the positioning half-ring (50); the positioning pin (51) is telescopically mounted on the watering seat (48) via a telescopic rod (47), and its end is inserted into one of the positioning holes.

Images