A top pin of a laser cladding horizontal rotary table

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of top pin of laser cladding horizontal rotary table, including top pin and cone shaft, the shaft hole of shaft shoulder is provided with pre-tightening disc spring group and piston block, and pre-tightening disc spring group is in free release state, pre-tightening disc spring group two ends are respectively applied to the end surface of piston block and shaft hole of shaft body, the end surface of shaft shoulder is provided with gland, piston block and pre-tightening disc spring group are adapted to the shaft hole of shaft shoulder, and gap is left between the two and the shaft hole of shaft shoulder, it is guaranteed that piston block can move axially in the shaft hole of shaft shoulder, the end surface of piston block away from pre-tightening disc spring group is provided with bearing setting groove, bearing is set in bearing setting groove, and the connecting shaft of top pin is connected with bearing by the central through-hole of gland.The main body of the top pin of the present application is acted on pre-tightening disc spring group after axial force, so that the top pin can generate axial compression displacement, solve the problem that the elongation generated by thermal expansion after workpiece is heated has no place to release, avoid bending deformation when repairing workpiece.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of mechanical equipment parts technology, specifically to a laser cladding pin for a horizontal turntable. Background Technology

[0002] Laser cladding is a cladding welding technology that adds cladding material to the surface of a substrate and uses a high-energy-density / high-power laser beam to melt / weld the material onto the substrate, thereby forming a coating layer with true metallurgical bonding on the substrate surface. This can add local value to the substrate and is an important application method in the fields of workpiece processing, repair, and refurbishment.

[0003] The horizontal rotary table for laser cladding provides a medium for the horizontal rotation of workpieces such as shafts in laser cladding equipment. The rotary table resembles a lathe and consists of guide rails, a turntable, and a tailstock. The turntable has chucks, and the front of the tailstock has ejector pins, which are typically conical. Shaft-type workpieces generally have ejector pin holes at one end. During machining, one side of the workpiece is clamped on the turntable, where the chucks provide radial clamping force. The side of the workpiece with the ejector pin hole is positioned on the tailstock side and secured with ejector pins inserted into the holes. The ejector pins on the tailstock provide axial clamping force. After clamping, rotation allows for axial translational machining and repair using the laser cladding equipment.

[0004] Laser cladding technology for processing and repairing large shaft-like workpieces requires a horizontal rotary table. These workpieces often require significant processing time, with the longest single-stage laser cladding repair currently recorded at approximately 760 minutes. During the laser cladding process, these workpieces accumulate substantial heat, causing thermal expansion. The most significant change resulting from this expansion is axial elongation. The rotary table's turntable provides radial clamping force, independent of axial elongation, while the tailstock provides axial clamping force, directly affecting the axial elongation due to thermal expansion. Currently, the tailstock of existing rotary tables is axially fixed, with no axial movement allowance. This results in the fixed force provided by the turntable and tailstock at both ends of the turntable fixing the workpiece's length. When thermal expansion occurs, the axial elongation has nowhere to be released, leading to workpiece bending deformation and impacting the quality of the repair. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention proposes a jack for a laser cladding horizontal turntable. When fixing and repairing shaft-type workpieces, the jack can generate axial displacement due to axial deformation, thus solving the problem of bending deformation caused by thermal expansion of the workpiece.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the following technical solution is adopted: a laser cladding horizontal turntable ejector pin, comprising an ejector pin and a conical shaft, wherein,

[0007] The ejector pin includes the ejector pin body and the connecting shaft.

[0008] The tapered shaft includes a shoulder and a shaft body. A preloaded disc spring assembly and a piston block are installed inside the shaft hole of the shoulder, with the preloaded disc spring assembly in a freely released state. The two ends of the preloaded disc spring assembly act on the piston block and the shaft hole end face of the shaft body, respectively. A pressure cap is installed on the end face of the shoulder.

[0009] The piston block and the preloaded disc spring assembly are adapted to the shaft hole of the shaft shoulder, and there is a gap between the two and the shaft hole of the shaft shoulder to ensure that the piston block can move axially within the shaft hole of the shaft shoulder. A bearing mounting groove is provided on the end face of the piston block away from the preloaded disc spring assembly, and a bearing is installed in the bearing mounting groove. The connecting shaft of the ejector pin is connected to the bearing through the central through hole of the pressure cap, and a gap is left between the connecting shaft and the central through hole of the pressure cap.

[0010] Furthermore, the pin body, the connecting shaft, the shaft shoulder, and the shaft body's shaft hole are concentric.

[0011] Furthermore, the preloaded disc spring assembly is composed of several disc springs stacked together.

[0012] Furthermore, the disc springs can be stacked either in pairs or overlapped.

[0013] Furthermore, the length of the connecting shaft located between the ejector pin body and the pressure cap is greater than the distance by which the deformation occurs due to the maximum compression of the pre-tightened disc spring assembly, ensuring that the ejector pin generates sufficient compression displacement after being subjected to force.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model consists of two parts: a ejector pin and a tapered shaft. A pre-tightened disc spring assembly and a piston block are set in the shaft shoulder hole of the tapered shaft. The ejector pin is connected to the piston block through a bearing. When the ejector pin body is subjected to axial force, it acts on the pre-tightened disc spring assembly, which allows the ejector pin to generate axial compression displacement. This solves the problem that the elongation caused by thermal expansion of the workpiece after it is heated has nowhere to be released, and avoids bending deformation when repairing the workpiece. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention in its free state;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention under axial thrust.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a tapered shaft;

[0018] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the piston block and bearing.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a preloaded disc spring assembly.

[0020] As shown in the figure: 1. Ejector pin; 2. Tapered shaft; 3. Preloaded disc spring assembly; 4. Piston block; 5. Pressure cap; 6. Bearing; 100. Ejector pin body; 101. Connecting shaft; 200. Shaft shoulder; 201. Shaft body; 400. Bearing mounting groove. Detailed Implementation

[0021] Example 1

[0022] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, further illustrates the points, such as... Figure 1 As shown in Figure 5, a laser cladding horizontal turntable ejector pin is provided, including an ejector pin 1 and a tapered shaft 2. The ejector pin 1 is used to press against the ejector pin hole at one end of the workpiece during workpiece repair. The tapered shaft 2 is used to be installed in the tapered inner hole on the tailstock.

[0023] The ejector pin 1 includes an ejector pin body 100 and a connecting shaft 101, and the tapered shaft 2 includes a shoulder 200 and a shaft body 201. The ejector pin body 100, the connecting shaft 101, the shaft hole of the shoulder 200 and the shaft hole of the shaft body 201 are concentric.

[0024] A preloaded disc spring assembly 3 and a piston block 4 are installed inside the shaft hole of the shoulder 200, ensuring that the preloaded disc spring assembly 3 is in a free-release state. The two ends of the preloaded disc spring assembly 3 act on the piston block 4 and the shaft hole end face of the shaft body 201, respectively. A pressure cap 5 is provided on the end face of the shoulder 200. The piston block 4 and the preloaded disc spring assembly 3 are adapted to the shaft hole of the shoulder 200, and a gap is left between them and the shaft hole of the shoulder 200 to ensure that the piston block 4 can move axially within the shaft hole of the shoulder 200. The piston block 4 moves away from the preloaded disc spring assembly. The end face of 3 is provided with a bearing mounting groove 400, and a bearing 6 is installed in the bearing mounting groove 400. The bearing 6 ensures that the workpiece rotates with the turntable during the repair process. The connecting shaft 100 of the ejector pin 1 is connected to the bearing 6 through the central through hole of the pressure cover 5. There is a gap between the connecting shaft 101 and the central through hole of the pressure cover 5. The length of the connecting shaft 101 located between the ejector pin body 101 and the pressure cover 5 is greater than the distance of deformation caused by the maximum compression of the pre-tightened disc spring group 3, ensuring that the ejector pin 1 generates sufficient compression displacement after being subjected to force.

[0025] The three sets of pre-tensioned disc springs are composed of several stacked disc springs. The disc springs can be stacked in two ways: opposite stacking and overlapping. Opposite stacking involves stacking two disc springs in opposite directions, resulting in the sum of the contraction force and contraction distance of both springs. Overlapping stacks involve stacking two disc springs in the same direction, resulting in the sum of the contraction forces of both springs, and a contraction distance slightly greater than that of a single disc spring. Different stacking methods produce different disc spring contraction forces and contraction distances, which can address the varying elongation of different workpieces during laser cladding repair.

[0026] The principle of this novel design is as follows: When repairing shaft-type workpieces using a laser cladding horizontal turntable, the workpiece gradually accumulates heat as the laser cladding process proceeds, causing the temperature to rise and resulting in thermal expansion and elongation. At this time, the pre-tensioned disc spring assembly 3 absorbs the axial thrust of the piston block 4 and contracts as the elongation increases, causing the ejector pin 1 to tilt backward. After the laser cladding process is completed, the workpiece cools naturally over time, the workpiece shrinks, the pre-tensioned disc spring assembly 3 releases the axial thrust, pushing the piston block 4 back to its original position, and the ejector pin 1 tilts forward.

[0027] This example also presents two plungers (A) of a cargo oil pipe crane cylinder, which are to be repaired using laser cladding. Plunger A has an outer diameter of 220mm, a total length of approximately 4800mm, and a cladding distance of approximately 4300mm. Calculations show that the laser cladding time for a single plunger A is approximately 557 minutes. Based on thermal expansion calculations, the plunger will elongate by 4.12mm during the laser cladding repair process.

[0028] In this example, the pre-tightened disc spring group 3 uses a combination of four disc springs stacked and overlapped, placed on the innermost side of the shaft hole of the tapered shaft 2 shoulder 200. The maximum amount of expansion and contraction that the four disc springs form in the pre-tightened disc spring group 3 can absorb is about 16mm, which meets the requirements of this laser cladding repair process.

[0029] Install bearing 6 into bearing mounting groove 400 of piston block 4, with an interference fit. The connecting shaft 101 of ejector pin 1 is installed in the inner ring of bearing 6 and pressed tightly by fitting with pressure cap 5. Slowly place the assembled ejector pin 1 and piston block 4 into the shaft hole of shoulder 200 of tapered shaft 2. Apply oil to the outer diameter of piston block 4 for lubrication. Insert the stop of pressure cap 5 into the outer side of the end face of shoulder 200 for fixation. Slowly insert the shaft body of tapered shaft 2 into the inner hole of tailstock and press it tightly.

[0030] During the clamping of plunger A, the ejector pin 1 needs to be tightened to ensure sufficient axial fixing force. At this time, the tailstock should be slowly retracted to release part of the preload of the preloaded disc spring assembly 3, fixing the position of the tailstock and completing the clamping. During the laser cladding repair process, as the expansion and contraction amount increases to 4.12mm, the tailstock remains stationary, and the ejector pin 1 pushes the piston block 4 to compress the preloaded disc spring assembly 3. After the laser cladding repair is completed, plunger A cools naturally over time and returns to its original length. The preload of the preloaded disc spring assembly 3 is released, pushing the piston block 4 to move the ejector pin 1 forward, completing the laser cladding repair operation and avoiding bending deformation caused by insufficient release of thermal expansion and contraction during the laser cladding process.

[0031] This utility model is not limited to this embodiment. Any equivalent concept or modification within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model shall be included in the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A ferrule for a laser cladding horizontal rotary table, characterized in that, Includes a ejector pin (1) and a conical shaft (2), wherein, The ejector pin (1) includes an ejector pin body (100) and a connecting shaft (101). The tapered shaft (2) includes a shoulder (200) and a shaft body (201). A preloaded disc spring assembly (3) and a piston block (4) are provided in the shaft hole of the shoulder (200). The preloaded disc spring assembly (3) is in a free-release state. The two ends of the preloaded disc spring assembly (3) act on the end faces of the piston block (4) and the shaft hole of the shaft body (201) respectively. A pressure cap (5) is provided on the end face of the shoulder (200). The piston block (4) and the preloaded disc spring assembly (3) are adapted to the shaft hole of the shoulder (200), and there is a gap between the two and the shaft hole of the shoulder (200) to ensure that the piston block (4) can move axially in the shaft hole of the shoulder (200). The end face of the piston block (4) away from the preloaded disc spring assembly (3) is provided with a bearing mounting groove (400), and a bearing (6) is provided in the bearing mounting groove (400). The connecting shaft (101) of the ejector pin (1) is connected to the bearing (6) through the central through hole of the pressure cap (5), and there is a gap between the connecting shaft (101) and the central through hole of the pressure cap (5).

2. The ejector pin of the laser cladding horizontal turntable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shaft holes of the ejector body (100), connecting shaft (101), shaft shoulder (200), and shaft body (201) are concentric.

3. The ejector pin of the laser cladding horizontal turntable according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pre-tensioned disc spring assembly (3) is composed of several disc springs stacked together.

4. The ejector pin of the laser cladding horizontal turntable according to claim 3, characterized in that, The disc springs can be stacked in a symmetrical or overlapping manner.

5. The ejector pin of the laser cladding horizontal turntable according to claim 4, characterized in that, The length of the connecting shaft (101) located between the ejector body (100) and the pressure cap (5) is greater than the distance of deformation caused by the maximum compression of the pre-tightened disc spring assembly (3), ensuring that the ejector (1) generates sufficient compression displacement after being subjected to force.

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