An explosion-protected enclosure and an interceptable detonation particle pressure relief flame arrester for use on an explosion-protected enclosure

Abstract

This utility model discloses a pressure relief flame arrester for intercepting detonation particles on an explosion-proof protective box, comprising an air inlet cylinder, a turbine interception cylinder, and an exhaust cover. The exhaust cover covers the top of the turbine interception cylinder, and the air inlet cylinder is connected to the bottom of the turbine interception cylinder. The air inlet cylinder has several air inlet holes B. The turbine interception cylinder has an inner cavity for intercepting and storing detonation particles, with a bottom plate forming the bottom plate. An air inlet hole A is located at the center of the bottom plate. A telescopic sleeve is fixedly fixed through the center of the exhaust cover. Several exhaust holes are located around the telescopic sleeve. A telescopic rod is installed in the telescopic sleeve, and a valve plate is located at the end of the telescopic rod. This utility model is vertically installed on the cover of an explosion-proof protective box, primarily to address combustion and explosion caused by thermal runaway of lithium batteries or lithium-ion battery-containing electronic devices within the explosion-proof protective box. It can achieve shock wave effect segmentation and absorption, and simultaneously intercept explosive materials and detonation particles layer by layer during the pressure relief and exhaust process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of civil aviation fire extinguishing and explosion protection technology, and in particular to a pressure relief flame arrester for use on explosion-proof protective boxes that can intercept detonation particles. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread use of lithium batteries in electronic devices, fires and explosions caused by thermal runaway of lithium batteries are frequent occurrences in aircraft cabins. In the event of a fire or explosion caused by thermal runaway of a lithium battery or electronic device containing a lithium battery, a protective enclosure is typically used for isolation, fire suppression, and explosion protection. The flames from burning lithium batteries or lithium-ion battery-containing electronic devices inside a protective enclosure can spread erratically. An explosion could generate a blast wave and create a high-pressure environment within the enclosure. While existing protective enclosures typically have pressure relief vents to release pressure and blast wave energy, the localized combustion and explosion of lithium batteries or lithium-ion battery-containing electronic devices can produce detonation particles. These particles contain toxic particulate matter, such as cobalt, nickel, manganese, cadmium, lead, mercury, and lithium. Inhalation of cobalt compound particles can cause respiratory illnesses (such as pneumonia and asthma), and cobalt compounds are also carcinogenic. Inhalation of nickel compound particles can cause lung disease, and nickel compounds are also carcinogenic. Inhalation of manganese compound particles can damage the nervous system, leading to symptoms similar to Parkinson's disease, such as muscle tremors and movement disorders. Inhalation of cadmium compound particles can cause kidney damage and bone diseases. Detonation particles also contain electrolyte solvents (adhering to the particles) and harmful substances such as fluorides. Traditional protective enclosures lack protective structures to prevent the discharge of these toxic particles, which can escape through pressure relief vents, causing personal injury to personnel and passengers outside. Furthermore, existing protective bags or boxes do not have dedicated flame arresters inside (nor are they located at the pressure relief vents, allowing flames to easily escape from the vents), preventing timely and effective extinguishing of the flames, increasing the difficulty of firefighting, and potentially even releasing them into external areas through the pressure relief vents, causing harm. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a pressure relief flame arrester for intercepting detonation particles on explosion-proof protective boxes. It is mainly used to deal with combustion and explosion caused by thermal runaway of lithium batteries or lithium battery-containing electronic devices in explosion-proof protective boxes. It is vertically installed on the cover of the explosion-proof protective box. The combustion and explosion gas flow is first divided and absorbed by the shock wave effect generated by the explosion energy absorption components in the air intake. Then, the explosion gas flow is intercepted by detonation particles inside the turbine interception cylinder. The detonation particles in the explosion gas flow are first blocked and intercepted by the arc blades of each turbine. Then, under the guidance of the turbine blade assembly, they accumulate at the bottom of the inner cavity of the turbine interception cylinder. The gas is discharged through various outlet holes.

[0004] The objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0005] A pressure relief flame arrester for intercepting detonation particles on an explosion-proof protective box includes an air inlet cylinder, a turbine interception cylinder, and an air outlet cover. The air outlet cover is fitted onto the top of the turbine interception cylinder, and the air inlet cylinder is connected to the bottom of the turbine interception cylinder. The air inlet cylinder has several air inlet holes B that communicate with the inner cavity of the air inlet cylinder. The turbine interception cylinder has an inner cavity for intercepting and storing detonation particles. The bottom plate of the inner cavity of the turbine interception cylinder is a bottom plate, and an air inlet hole A is opened in the center of the bottom plate. A telescopic sleeve is fixedly inserted through the center of the air outlet cover. Several air outlet holes are opened around the telescopic sleeve. A telescopic rod is installed in the telescopic sleeve, and the end of the telescopic rod has a valve plate that closes the air inlet hole A by gravity.

[0006] To better realize the detonation particle pressure relief flame arrester of this utility model, a turbine blade assembly is fixed on the bottom plate of the cylinder. The turbine blade assembly is composed of several turbine arc-shaped blades, and all the turbine arc-shaped blades of the turbine blade assembly are distributed in a circle around the air inlet A.

[0007] Preferably, the turbine arc blade is generally arc-shaped, the height of the turbine arc blade is half the height of the inner cavity of the turbine interceptor cylinder, and the arc orientation of all turbine arc blades in the turbine blade assembly is the same.

[0008] Preferably, the bottom of the air intake cylinder is a flat bottom plate, and the air intake hole B is opened on the surface of the flat bottom plate.

[0009] Preferably, the bottom of the air intake cylinder is an inwardly convex arc-shaped bottom plate, which is concave and convex towards the inside of the air intake cylinder at the cylinder opening and forms an airflow guiding arc surface towards the air intake hole A inside the air intake cylinder; the air intake hole B is opened on the inwardly convex arc-shaped bottom plate and the air intake hole B is opened on the cylinder wall of the air intake cylinder.

[0010] Preferably, the inner side of the air intake cylinder is covered and fixed with an explosion wave energy-absorbing component. The explosion wave energy-absorbing component has an arc-shaped surface and a sound-absorbing energy-absorbing cavity located inside the arc-shaped surface. The arc-shaped surface of the explosion wave energy-absorbing component has several quenching holes. The sound-absorbing energy-absorbing cavity of the explosion wave energy-absorbing component is filled with a sound-absorbing, flame-retardant, and energy-absorbing material.

[0011] Preferably, the top edge of the inner cavity of the turbine interceptor cylinder has an outwardly flared lug A, and the lug A of the turbine interceptor cylinder is fixed to the air outlet cover by screws.

[0012] Preferably, the top of the air intake cylinder has an annular lug plate B, and the lug plate B of the air intake cylinder is fixed to the bottom plate of the turbine interceptor cylinder by screws.

[0013] Preferably, a sealing gasket is also installed between the ear plate A and the vent cover plate.

[0014] Preferably, all the vents are distributed in a circular pattern on the vent cover plate, forming several rings.

[0015] An explosion-proof protective box consisting of a pressure relief flame arrester capable of intercepting detonation particles includes a box body with a top opening and a box cover that closes onto the box body. The box cover has several pressure relief ports, which are used to install the pressure relief flame arrester capable of intercepting detonation particles according to this invention.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0017] This utility model is mainly designed to address the combustion and explosion caused by thermal runaway of lithium batteries or lithium battery-containing electronic devices in explosion-proof protective boxes. It is vertically installed on the cover of the explosion-proof protective box. The combustion and explosion gas flow is first divided and absorbed by the shock wave effect generated by the explosion energy absorption components in the air intake. Then, the explosion gas flow is intercepted by detonation particles inside the turbine interception cylinder. The detonation particles in the explosion gas flow are first blocked and intercepted by the turbine arc blades, and then accumulated at the bottom of the turbine interception cylinder under the guidance of the turbine blade assembly. The gas is discharged through the various air outlets. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the flame arrester capable of intercepting detonation particles in the embodiment;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the external three-dimensional structure of the flame arrester capable of intercepting detonation particles in the embodiment.

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A structural diagram showing the structure without the vent cover;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the turbine interceptor cylinder in the embodiment;

[0022] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a structure with a flat bottom plate for the air intake;

[0023] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a structure with an inwardly convex arc-shaped base plate for the air intake cylinder;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structural use of a pressure relief flame arrester capable of intercepting detonation particles in an explosion-proof protective enclosure.

[0025] The names corresponding to the reference numerals in the attached figures are as follows:

[0026] 1 - Box body, 2 - Box cover, 3 - Pressure relief port, 4 - Air inlet cylinder, 41 - Flat bottom plate, 42 - Convex arc-shaped bottom plate, 43 - Ear plate B, 44 - Air inlet B, 5 - Turbine interceptor cylinder body, 51 - Cylinder bottom plate, 511 - Air inlet A, 52 - Turbine arc-shaped blade, 53 - Ear plate A, 6 - Air outlet cover plate, 61 - Air outlet, 7 - Telescopic sleeve, 8 - Telescopic rod, 81 - Valve plate, 9 - Sealing gasket. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments:

[0028] Example

[0029] like Figures 1-4 As shown, a pressure relief flame arrester for intercepting detonation particles used in an explosion-proof protective box includes an air inlet cylinder 4, a turbine interception cylinder 5, and an exhaust cover 6, with the exhaust cover 6 covering the top of the turbine interception cylinder 5. The air inlet cylinder 4 is connected to the bottom of the turbine interception cylinder 5. Preferably, the top of the air inlet cylinder 4 has an annular lug plate B43, and the lug plate B43 of the air inlet cylinder 4 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 51 of the turbine interception cylinder 5 by screws. The air inlet cylinder 4 has several air inlet holes B44 communicating with the inner cavity of the air inlet cylinder 4. The turbine interception cylinder 5 has an inner cavity for intercepting and storing detonation particles, and the bottom plate of the inner cavity of the turbine interception cylinder 5 is a bottom plate 51, with an air inlet hole A511 at the center of the bottom plate 51. A telescopic sleeve 7 is fixedly inserted through the center of the exhaust cover 6. The telescopic sleeve 7 extends from the center of the exhaust cover 6 into the turbine interceptor cylinder 5 (the end of the telescopic sleeve 7 does not contact the bottom of the turbine interceptor cylinder 5, leaving space for the valve plate 81 to rise and fall; preferably, the end of the telescopic sleeve 7 is located in the middle of the turbine interceptor cylinder 5). The exhaust cover 6 has several exhaust holes 61 around the telescopic sleeve 7, such as... Figure 3 As shown, in this preferred embodiment, all the air outlets 61 are circumferentially distributed on the air outlet cover plate 6 in several rings. A telescopic rod 8 is installed in the telescopic sleeve 7 for telescopic movement. The end of the telescopic rod 8 has a valve plate 81 that closes the air inlet A511 by gravity. The telescopic rod 8 moves telescopically in the telescopic sleeve 7, and the telescopic rod 8 drives the valve plate 81 to move up and down.

[0030] like Figure 7As shown, the detonation particle-intercepting pressure relief flame arrester of this utility model is mainly installed at the pressure relief port of the explosion-proof protective box cover. The air inlet cylinder 4, turbine intercepting cylinder 5, and air outlet cover plate 6 of this utility model are installed vertically from bottom to top. The telescopic rod 8 moves in and out of the telescopic sleeve 7. Since it is installed in a vertical direction, the valve plate 81 normally closes the air inlet hole A511 under its own weight. When the lithium battery or lithium battery-containing electronic equipment inside the explosion-proof protective box causes thermal runaway and combustion and explosion, the explosion gas impacts the valve plate 81, the valve plate 81 moves upward, the telescopic rod 8 retracts into the telescopic sleeve 7, the valve plate 81 no longer closes the air inlet hole A511, the air inlet hole A511 is opened, and the valve plate 81 plays an adaptive pressure relief and exhaust function. Thermal runaway of a lithium battery or lithium-ion battery-containing electronic device causes combustion and explosion. The gas flow carrying detonation particles enters through the inlet A511 and is then intercepted in the inner cavity of the turbine interception cylinder 5. The gas is discharged through the outlet 61 of the outlet cover plate 6. The gas flow entering through the inlet A511 of the cylinder bottom plate 51 slows down and changes direction in the inner cavity of the turbine interception cylinder 5. The outlet 61 of the outlet cover plate 6 does not directly correspond to the inlet A511. The gas flow changes direction through the inner cavity of the turbine interception cylinder 5, allowing the detonation particles to be intercepted and stored in the inner cavity of the turbine interception cylinder 5. In some embodiments, the top edge of the inner cavity of the turbine interception cylinder 5 has an outwardly flared lug A53, which is fixed to the outlet cover plate 6 by screws. A sealing gasket 9 is also installed between the lug A53 and the outlet cover plate 6 of the turbine interception cylinder 5.

[0031] In some preferred embodiments, a turbine blade assembly is fixed to the bottom plate 51. The turbine blade assembly consists of several turbine arc-shaped blades 52, all of which are circumferentially distributed around the air inlet A511. The turbine arc-shaped blades 52 are generally arc-shaped, and their height is half the height of the inner cavity of the turbine interceptor cylinder 5. All the turbine arc-shaped blades 52 in the turbine blade assembly have the same arc orientation. (See also...) Figure 3 All the turbine's curved blades 52 guide the explosive airflow in a clockwise or counterclockwise motion. Figure 3 All turbine curved blades 52 are distributed in a counter-clockwise arc shape. Detonation particles in the explosive gas flow are first blocked and intercepted by the individual turbine curved blades 52 (after interception, they are gradually carried by the airflow to the bottom of the turbine interception cylinder 5 and accumulate there). Then, guided by the turbine blade assembly, they accumulate at the bottom of the inner cavity of the turbine interception cylinder 5. Simultaneously, under the centrifugal force of the airflow, the detonation particles gradually deposit on the circumference of the bottom of the inner cavity of the turbine interception cylinder 5, which can be cleaned up afterwards. After the explosive gas flow undergoes detonation particle interception in the inner cavity of the turbine interception cylinder 5, the gas is discharged through the various outlet holes 61 (the outlet holes 61 have a small diameter) of the outlet cover plate 6.

[0032] In some embodiments, this embodiment provides a first structural technical solution for the air intake cylinder: such as Figure 5 As shown, the bottom of the air intake cylinder 4 is a flat bottom plate 41, and the air intake hole B44 (the diameter of the air intake hole B44 is relatively large, and it only intercepts larger particles of detonation material, such as clumps of detonation material, and the detonation particles enter through the air intake hole B44) is opened on the surface of the flat bottom plate 41.

[0033] In some embodiments, this embodiment provides a second structural technical solution for the air intake cylinder: the bottom of the air intake cylinder 4 is an inwardly convex arc-shaped bottom plate 42, the inwardly convex arc-shaped bottom plate 42 is recessed and protruded towards the inside of the air intake cylinder 4 at the cylinder opening of the air intake cylinder 4 and forms an airflow guiding arc surface towards the air intake hole A511 inside the air intake cylinder 4; an air intake hole B44 is opened on the inwardly convex arc-shaped bottom plate 42, and an air intake hole B44 is opened on the cylinder wall of the air intake cylinder 4 (the diameter of the air intake hole B44 is relatively large, and it only intercepts larger particles of detonation material, such as lumps of detonation material, and the detonation particles enter through the air intake hole B44). The air inlet B44 intercepts the clumps of detonation material. The explosive gas flow containing detonation particles enters through the air inlet B44 on the wall of the air inlet cylinder 4 (the air inlet B44 also serves to divide and process the shock wave effect generated by the explosion, reducing its energy). The convex arc-shaped bottom plate 42 guides the air flow and directs it towards the bottom of the turbine interceptor cylinder 5, where it converges and enters the inner cavity of the turbine interceptor cylinder 5 through the air inlet A511. The convex arc-shaped bottom plate 42 protrudes towards the air inlet A511 and guides the airflow towards the air inlet A511. The convex arc-shaped bottom plate 42 can slow down the airflow and change the airflow path. The bottom of the convex arc-shaped bottom plate 42 of the air inlet cylinder 4 will also intercept and deposit some detonation particles, which will be cleaned up later.

[0034] In some embodiments, the inner side of the air intake cylinder 4 is covered and fixed with an explosion wave energy-absorbing component. The explosion wave energy-absorbing component has an arc-shaped surface and a sound-absorbing cavity located inside the arc-shaped surface. The arc-shaped surface of the explosion wave energy-absorbing component has several quenching holes, and the sound-absorbing cavity of the explosion wave energy-absorbing component is filled with a sound-absorbing and flame-retardant energy-absorbing material. For example, the sound-absorbing and flame-retardant energy-absorbing material is a honeycomb structure (i.e., it has a honeycomb porous structure inside) made of glass wool (mainly responsible for sound absorption), carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material (mainly responsible for energy absorption), and ceramic fiber (mainly responsible for flame retardancy). In this embodiment, the pressure relief flame arrester is installed at the pressure relief port of the explosion-proof protective box cover 2. When the lithium battery or lithium battery-containing electronic equipment inside the explosion-proof protective box experiences thermal runaway and explodes, the explosion generates a shock wave effect that reaches the explosion wave energy absorber and is divided and absorbed by the explosion wave energy absorber. If the flame is transmitted to the explosion wave energy absorber, it can be quenched by the air inlet B44. The sound-absorbing and flame-retardant energy-absorbing material of the explosion wave energy absorber plays the roles of sound absorption, energy absorption, and flame retardancy.

[0035] like Figure 7As shown, an explosion-proof protective box comprising a pressure relief flame arrester capable of intercepting detonation particles includes a box body 1 with a top opening and a box cover 2 that closes onto the box body 1. The box cover 2 has several pressure relief ports 3, which are fitted with the pressure relief flame arrester of this invention. Thermal runaway of a lithium battery or lithium-ion battery-containing electronic device within the explosion-proof protective box causes a combustion and explosion gas flow. This gas flow, carrying detonation particles, enters through the various air inlets B44 of the air inlet cylinder 4. Each air inlet B44 also serves to divide the explosion shock wave and combustion flame, preventing larger particles from falling back into the explosion-proof protective box. Then, the combustion and explosion gas flow is divided and absorbed by the explosion wave energy-absorbing components in the explosion-proof air inlet cylinder 4 due to the shock wave effect, simultaneously extinguishing the fire. Next, the explosive gas flow impacts valve plate 81, causing it to rise. The telescopic rod 8 retracts into the telescopic sleeve 7, and valve plate 81 no longer seals the air inlet A511, opening it. Valve plate 81 then functions as an adaptive pressure relief and exhaust valve. After air inlet A511 is opened, the explosive gas flow enters the inner cavity of the turbine interceptor cylinder 5. The detonation particles in the gas flow are first blocked by the various turbine arc-shaped blades 52 (after being blocked, they are gradually carried by the airflow to the bottom of the inner cavity of the turbine interceptor cylinder 5 and accumulate). Then, guided by the turbine blade assembly, they accumulate at the bottom of the inner cavity of the turbine interceptor cylinder 5. Simultaneously, under the centrifugal force of the airflow, the detonation particles gradually deposit on the circumference of the bottom of the inner cavity of the turbine interceptor cylinder 5, which can be cleaned up afterwards. After the explosive gas flow undergoes detonation particle interception in the inner cavity of the turbine interceptor cylinder 5, the gas is discharged through the various exhaust ports 61.

[0036] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A pressure relief flame arrester for intercepting detonation particles used on an explosion-proof protective enclosure, characterized in that: The device includes an air inlet cylinder, a turbine interceptor cylinder, and an exhaust cover. The exhaust cover covers the top of the turbine interceptor cylinder, and the air inlet cylinder is connected to the bottom of the turbine interceptor cylinder. The air inlet cylinder has several air inlet holes B that communicate with the inner cavity of the air inlet cylinder. The turbine interceptor cylinder has an inner cavity for intercepting and storing detonation particles. The bottom plate of the inner cavity of the turbine interceptor cylinder is a bottom plate, and an air inlet hole A is opened in the center of the bottom plate. A telescopic sleeve is fixed through the center of the exhaust cover. The exhaust cover has several exhaust holes around the telescopic sleeve. A telescopic rod is installed in the telescopic sleeve, and the end of the telescopic rod has a valve plate that closes the air inlet hole A by gravity.

2. A pressure relief flame arrester for intercepting detonation particles on an explosion-proof protective box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom plate of the cylinder is fixed with a turbine blade assembly, which consists of several turbine arc blades. All the turbine arc blades of the turbine blade assembly are distributed in a circle around the air inlet A.

3. A pressure relief flame arrester for intercepting detonation particles on an explosion-proof protective box according to claim 2, characterized in that: The turbine arc blades are generally arc-shaped, and the height of the turbine arc blades is half the height of the inner cavity of the turbine interceptor cylinder. All the turbine arc blades of the turbine blade assembly have the same arc orientation.

4. A pressure relief flame arrester for intercepting detonation particles on an explosion-proof protective box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the air intake cylinder is a flat plate, and the air intake hole B is opened on the surface of the flat plate.

5. A pressure relief flame arrester for intercepting detonation particles on an explosion-proof protective box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the air intake cylinder is an inwardly convex arc-shaped bottom plate. The inwardly convex arc-shaped bottom plate is recessed and protruded towards the inside of the air intake cylinder at the cylinder opening, and forms an airflow guiding arc surface towards the air intake hole A inside the air intake cylinder. The air intake hole B is opened on the inwardly convex arc-shaped bottom plate, and the air intake hole B is opened on the cylinder wall of the air intake cylinder.

6. A pressure relief flame arrester for intercepting detonation particles on an explosion-proof protective box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner side of the air intake cylinder is covered and fixed with an explosion wave energy-absorbing component. The explosion wave energy-absorbing component has an arc-shaped surface and a sound-absorbing cavity located inside the arc-shaped surface. The arc-shaped surface of the explosion wave energy-absorbing component has several quenching holes. The sound-absorbing cavity of the explosion wave energy-absorbing component is filled with sound-absorbing, flame-retardant, and energy-absorbing material.

7. A pressure relief flame arrester for intercepting detonation particles on an explosion-proof protective box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top edge of the inner cavity of the turbine interceptor cylinder has an outwardly flared lug plate A, and the lug plate A of the turbine interceptor cylinder is fixed to the air outlet cover plate by screws.

8. A pressure relief flame arrester for intercepting detonation particles on an explosion-proof protective box according to claim 1, characterized in that... The top of the air intake cylinder has an annular lug plate B, and the lug plate B of the air intake cylinder is fixed to the bottom plate of the turbine cutter cylinder by screws. All the air outlets are distributed in a circular pattern on the air outlet cover plate in several circles.

9. A pressure relief flame arrester for intercepting detonation particles on an explosion-proof protective box according to claim 7, characterized in that: A sealing gasket is also installed between the ear plate A and the vent cover.

10. An explosion-proof protective box comprising a pressure relief flame arrester capable of intercepting detonation particles as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: It includes a box body with a top opening and a box cover that closes onto the box body. The box cover has several pressure relief ports, and the pressure relief ports are fitted with the pressure relief flame arrester for intercepting detonation particles as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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