A folding ventilation system for long tunnel construction

Abstract

The utility model relates to a long tunnel construction field, more particularly to a long tunnel construction is with folding ventilation system, including support framework, support framework is equipped with a plurality of frame units along the axial direction, and each unit is formed into regular hexagon by six support bars hinged, through the positioning assembly of the circumference adjustment, can control frame conversion between the unfolded working state and the folded storage state. When unfolding, the positioning assembly is locked, the flexible ventilation pipe section of the outer sleeve is kept stable, the ventilation efficiency is guaranteed, when folding, the structure contracts, the space occupation is greatly reduced. The design significantly improves the transportation, scheduling and installation efficiency of the air pipe in the narrow tunnel. The flexible pipe material combines the foldable rigid framework, which improves the mechanical impact resistance and enhances the durability, meets the large-section ventilation demand, realizes rapid deployment and repeated use, and effectively overcomes the defects of poor adaptability, easy damage and low efficiency of traditional hard air pipe in long-distance tunnel dynamic excavation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tunnel construction technology, and more specifically, to a foldable ventilation system for long tunnel construction. Background Technology

[0002] Tunnel construction typically employs either the drill-and-blast method or the shield tunneling method. Taking the common drill-and-blast method as an example, the cyclical operation of tunneling mainly includes a series of steps such as drilling, charging and blasting, muck removal, and initial support. After the excavation face stabilizes, secondary concrete lining, road surface installation, and facility installation are carried out to form a permanent structure. Throughout the entire construction process, the installation and operation of the ventilation system are always present. Ventilation ducts usually extend forward along the excavation face, using high-powered axial flow fans to force fresh air from outside into the front section of the tunnel, diluting and expelling harmful gases, dust, and exhaust fumes from blasting and machinery, providing safe air for workers and improving visibility.

[0003] Existing ventilation systems mostly use rigid ducts for the ventilation network. During tunnel construction, these ducts are suspended from the tunnel walls or arches. When large construction equipment, such as heavy trucks and trolleys, passes through, the ducts are often damaged due to mechanical scraping and collisions, leading to air leaks and reducing ventilation efficiency. Furthermore, for long-distance ventilation, the ducts are usually large, making them inconvenient to transport and install within tunnels. Utility Model Content

[0004] This invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention proposes a foldable ventilation system for long tunnel construction, which can be folded for easy transportation and disassembly, and is suitable for laying long-distance tunnels.

[0005] A foldable ventilation system for long tunnel construction according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0006] A ventilation duct section, wherein spiral ribs are provided on the peripheral wall of the ventilation duct section;

[0007] A support frame is fitted onto the ventilation duct section. The support frame has at least two frame units along the axial direction of the ventilation duct section. Each frame unit includes N support rods, which are connected end-to-end in a rotatable manner to form a regular N-sided polygonal structure, where N ≥ 3. A positioning component is provided between the circumferentially adjacent support rods to control the switching between the unfolded and folded states of the frame unit.

[0008] A connecting assembly is provided with a connecting plate, which is used to fix the support frame to the side wall or arch of the tunnel. The connecting plate is provided with a hoisting hole for hoisting the jet fan.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the supporting frame is provided with a plurality of connecting rods, which are used to connect two axially adjacent frame units.

[0010] According to some embodiments of this utility model, the connecting rod is a hollow rod; the end of the connecting rod and the frame unit are detachably connected.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the frame unit includes a nut, a fixing bolt, and a washer. One end of the support rod is provided with a first hinge hole, and the other end of the support rod is provided with a second hinge hole. One end of the fixing bolt passes through the first hinge hole, the second hinge hole, and the washer and is threadedly connected to the fixing bolt.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, one end of the support rod is provided with a slot, and the other end of the support rod is provided with a rotating part corresponding to the slot. The first hinge hole is provided on the slot, and the second hinge hole is provided on the rotating part.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the frame unit includes a pin, one end of the support rod is provided with a limiting plate, the limiting plate is provided with a plurality of slots in the circumferential direction, the other end of the support rod is provided with a limiting hole, and the pin passes through the slots and the limiting hole in sequence to fix the rotation angle between adjacent support rods.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the pin is an open pin.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a support portion is provided on one side of the support rod, and the support portion is fixedly connected to the side wall of the ventilation pipe section by bolts.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the support portion is provided with an arc-shaped elastic layer adapted to the diameter of the ventilation pipe section.

[0017] According to some embodiments of this utility model, the connecting plate is provided with fixing holes, which are used to connect anchor rods or expansion bolts.

[0018] A foldable ventilation system for long tunnel construction according to an embodiment of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0019] According to the present invention, the support frame has at least two frame units along the axial direction. Each frame unit consists of six support rods connected in sequence to form a regular hexagonal structure. By adjusting the positioning components between adjacent support rods in the circumferential direction, the entire frame unit can be controlled to switch between an unfolded state and a folded state. When in the unfolded state, the positioning components lock the relative positions of the support rods, ensuring that the ventilation duct section maintains the designed ventilation cross-section and guarantees smooth airflow. When it needs to be moved or stored, the positioning components can be operated to release the constraint, allowing the support rods to rotate relative to each other, and the overall structure folds and shrinks to reduce the space occupied. The foldable design of the support frame improves the transportation and installation efficiency of the ventilation system. After folding, the volume is compact, making it easy to schedule and lay in narrow tunnels. The ventilation duct section made of flexible material has good resistance to mechanical impact, improving the durability and ventilation continuity of the system. Through the design of this structure, it not only meets the large cross-section ventilation requirements of tunnel ventilation, but also achieves reusability and rapid deployment. It is especially suitable for the frequent extension of ventilation sections in long-distance tunnel construction, effectively overcoming the adaptability defects of traditional rigid air ducts in dynamic construction environments. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a supporting frame of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a partially exploded structure of the frame unit of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a support rod according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model in a folded state.

[0025] In the picture:

[0026] 100 - Ventilation pipe section; 110 - Spiral rib;

[0027] 200-Support frame, 210-Frame unit, 211-Support rod, 2111-First hinge hole, 2112-Second hinge hole, 2113-Slot, 2114-Rotating part, 2115-Limiting plate, 2116-Slot, 2117-Limiting hole, 2118-Support part, 2119-Arc-shaped elastic layer, 220-Positioning component, 221-Nut, 222-Fixing bolt, 223-Washer, 224-Pin, 230-Connecting rod;

[0028] 300-Connecting assembly, 310-Connecting plate, 311-Fixing hole, 312-Lifting hole, 320-Anchor bolt, 330-Jet fan. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0030] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0031] In the description of this utility model, "multiple" refers to two or more. The use of "first" and "second" is for distinguishing technical features only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of technical features or their sequential relationship.

[0032] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "setting," "installation," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0033] Reference Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this utility model discloses a foldable ventilation system for long tunnel construction. The foldable ventilation system includes a ventilation pipe section 100, a supporting frame 200, and connecting components 300. The ventilation pipe section 100 is made of a flexible material, such as high-strength polyester fiber or nylon fabric, and is typically coated with polyvinyl chloride or polyurethane to enhance its airtightness, wear resistance, and resistance to acid and alkali corrosion. It has the advantages of being lightweight, highly flexible, and relatively low-cost. The ventilation pipe section 100 can also be made of high-performance polymer film composite materials or multi-layer sandwich structure materials, which can simultaneously meet extremely high airtightness requirements, certain tear resistance, and flame retardant properties. Furthermore, in tunnel construction environments with strict requirements for fire resistance and antistatic performance, the flexible material of the ventilation pipe section 100 can also undergo corresponding functional treatments, such as adding flame retardants to achieve a non-flammable standard, or incorporating conductive fibers to dissipate static electricity and prevent accumulation that could lead to danger.

[0034] In this embodiment, spiral ribs 110 are provided on the peripheral wall of the ventilation duct section 100. The spiral ribs 110 provide a certain degree of structural strength to the ventilation duct section 100. After multiple folds, the design of the spiral ribs 110 allows the ventilation duct section 100 to maintain its initial shape when unfolded into a cylindrical shape. In addition, the spiral ribs 110 have a certain airflow guiding capacity, which can form a swirling flow when the airflow passes through the duct wall, reducing airflow loss.

[0035] A support frame 200 is fitted onto the ventilation duct section 100. The support frame 200 has at least two frame units 210 along the axial direction of the ventilation duct section 100. Each frame unit 210 includes N support rods 211, which are sequentially connected end-to-end to form a regular N-sided polygonal structure, where N ≥ 3. A positioning component 220 is provided between adjacent circumferentially adjacent support rods 211 to control the switching between the unfolded and folded states of the frame unit 210. A connecting component 300 is used to fix the support frame 200 to the sidewall or arch of the tunnel.

[0036] In this embodiment, the number of support rods 211 is N, which forms a regular hexagonal frame unit 210. The ventilation duct section 100 is made of flexible material, possessing good deformation and recovery characteristics. The support frame 200 is fitted onto the outside of the ventilation duct section 100, providing shape maintenance and mechanical protection. The support frame 200 has at least two frame units 210 along the axial direction. Each frame unit 210 is formed by six support rods 211 sequentially rotatably connected to form a regular hexagonal structure. By adjusting the positioning components 220 between adjacent circumferential support rods 211, the entire frame unit 210 can be controlled to switch between an unfolded state and a folded state. When in the unfolded state, the positioning components 220 lock the relative positions of the support rods 211, ensuring that the ventilation duct section 100 maintains the designed ventilation cross-section and ensures smooth airflow. When it needs to be moved or stored, the positioning components 220 can be operated to release the constraint, allowing the support rods 211 to rotate relative to each other, and the overall structure folds and retracts to reduce the space occupied.

[0037] In this embodiment, the connecting component 300 is used to reliably fix the extended support frame 200 to the tunnel sidewall or arch, ensuring the stability of the system during ventilation operations. The connecting plate 310 is provided with a lifting hole 312 for mounting the jet fan 330. By providing the lifting hole 312, during long-distance tunnel construction, the jet fan 330 can be added at the airflow attenuation threshold to ensure that the airflow meets the needs of the construction site. It is understood that the jet fan 330 is an optional accessory and needs to be removed when folding.

[0038] In this embodiment, the foldable design of the support frame 200 improves the transportation and installation efficiency of the ventilation system. After folding, the volume is compact, making it easy to schedule and lay in narrow tunnels. The ventilation pipe section 100, made of flexible material, has good resistance to mechanical impact. Even if it is scratched by equipment, it can mitigate the impact through elastic deformation, avoiding the problem of easy damage and air leakage of rigid air ducts, thus improving the durability and ventilation continuity of the system. Through the design of this structure, the large cross-section ventilation requirements of tunnel ventilation are met, and reusability and rapid deployment are achieved. It is especially suitable for the working conditions of frequent extension of ventilation sections in long-distance tunnel construction, effectively overcoming the adaptability defects of traditional rigid air ducts in dynamic construction environments.

[0039] In some embodiments of this utility model, the support frame 200 is provided with a plurality of connecting rods 230, which are used to connect two axially adjacent frame units 210. Specifically, in this embodiment, in order to meet the requirements of lightweight design, the diameter of the support rods 211 is designed to be small. By setting the connecting rods 230, all the frame units 210 in the support frame 200 can be connected into a whole. The connecting rods 230 play a role in maintaining the relative position and spacing of adjacent frame units 210, effectively transferring longitudinal loads, and improving the overall structural strength of the support frame 200.

[0040] In some embodiments of this utility model, the connecting rod 230 is a hollow rod; the end of the connecting rod 230 and the frame unit 210 are detachably connected. Specifically, in this embodiment, through the design of this structure, the hollow connecting rod 230 can further meet the requirements of lightweighting. The detachable connection improves the ease of assembly and disassembly of the support frame 200. In this embodiment, the connecting rod 230 can be fixed to the hinge point of the support rod 211 by means of snap-fit, plug-in, or threaded connection.

[0041] In some embodiments of this utility model, the frame unit 210 includes a nut 221, a fixing bolt 222, a washer 223, and a support rod 211. One end of the support rod 211 is provided with a first hinge hole 2111, and the other end of the support rod 211 is provided with a second hinge hole 2112. One end of the fixing bolt 222 passes through the first hinge hole 2111, the second hinge hole 2112, and the washer 223 and is threadedly connected to the fixing bolt 222. Specifically, in this embodiment, the frame unit 210 forms a regular hexagonal structure by connecting six support rods 211 end to end. The first hinge hole 2111 at one end of the support rod 211 and the second hinge hole 2112 at the other end of the adjacent support rod 211 are aligned. The fixing bolt 222 passes through the first hinge hole 2111, the second hinge hole 2112, and the washer 223 in sequence, and finally forms a threaded connection with the nut 221, thereby connecting multiple support rods 211 end to end and forming a rotatable joint node. The connection method of this structure is that the pre-tightening force applied by tightening the nut 221 and the friction and distributed pressure provided by the washer 223 allow the support rods 211 to rotate relative to each other within a certain range, so as to realize the switching of the entire frame unit 210 between the folded state and the unfolded state.

[0042] In some embodiments of this utility model, one end of the support rod 211 is provided with a slot 2113, and the other end of the support rod 211 is provided with a rotating part 2114 corresponding to the slot 2113. A first hinge hole 2111 is provided on the slot 2113, and a second hinge hole 2112 is provided on the rotating part 2114. Specifically, in this embodiment, the design of the slot 2113 can restrict the rotation direction of the support rod 211. This effectively reduces shaking or wear caused by installation misalignment, thereby improving the structural integrity and load-bearing strength of the entire frame unit 210 in the unfolded state.

[0043] In some embodiments of this utility model, the frame unit 210 includes a pin 224, one end of the support rod 211 is provided with a limiting disk 2115, the limiting disk 2115 is provided with a plurality of slots 2116 in the circumferential direction, and the other end of the support rod 211 is provided with a limiting hole 2117. The pin 224 passes through the slots 2116 and the limiting hole 2117 in sequence to fix the rotation angle between adjacent support rods 211. Specifically, in this embodiment, one end of the support rod 211 is provided with a limiting disk 2115, the limiting disk 2115 is provided with a plurality of slots 2116 in the circumferential direction, and the other end of the support rod 211 is provided with a limiting hole 2117. When two support rods 211 need to be connected and their relative angle fixed, the end of one rod with the limiting hole 2117 is brought into contact with the limiting plate 2115 of the other rod, and their relative positions are adjusted so that the limiting hole 2117 aligns with one of the slots 2116 on the limiting plate 2115. Then, the pin 224 is passed through the slot 2116 and the limiting hole 2117 in sequence, thereby fixing the two adjacent support rods 2111 and locking the hinge joint at a specific angle. The discrete distribution of the slots 2116 corresponds to several preset reliable locking positions, including the fully unfolded state, the fully folded state, or other intermediate angles. The advantages of this design are that it provides multiple angle fixing options, making the shape transformation operation of the entire frame unit 210 faster, more accurate and reliable, significantly improving the work efficiency of the folding and unfolding process; the fit between the pin 224 and the slot has high shear strength, which can effectively transfer load and maintain the stability of the node under vibration or external impact, avoiding accidental loosening or angle slippage; at the same time, this purely mechanical positioning structure is simple and intuitive, and can be operated without complicated tools, with good environmental adaptability and maintenance convenience.

[0044] In some embodiments of this utility model, the pin 224 is a cotter pin 224. Specifically, in this embodiment, the cotter pin 224 has a certain anti-loosening capability.

[0045] In some embodiments of this utility model, a support portion 2118 is provided on one side of the support rod 211, and the support portion 2118 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the ventilation pipe section 100 by bolts. Specifically, in this embodiment, the support portion 2118 can increase the contact area with the ventilation pipe section 100.

[0046] In some embodiments of this utility model, the support portion 2118 is provided with an arc-shaped elastic layer 2119 adapted to the diameter of the ventilation pipe section 100. Specifically, in this embodiment, the arc-shaped elastic layer 2119 is designed to protect the ventilation pipe section 100 when switching between the unfolded and folded states.

[0047] In some embodiments of this utility model, the connecting assembly 300 includes a connecting plate 310, on which a fixing hole 311 is provided for connecting an anchor rod 320 or an expansion bolt. Specifically, in this embodiment, the lower end face of the connecting plate 310 is fixedly connected to the support rod 211 of the frame unit 210, further improving the structural strength of the support frame 200. It also provides a connection platform for the anchor rod 320 and the expansion bolt.

[0048] The embodiments of the present utility model have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A foldable ventilation system for long tunnel construction, characterized in that, include: Ventilation pipe section (100), the peripheral wall of which is provided with spiral ribs (110). A support frame (200) is fitted onto the ventilation pipe section (100); the support frame (200) has at least two frame units (210) along the axial direction of the ventilation pipe section (100), each frame unit (210) including N support rods (211), the N support rods (211) being connected end to end in a rotatable manner to form a regular N-sided structure, wherein N≥3; a positioning component (220) is provided between the circumferentially adjacent support rods (211), the positioning component (220) being used to control the frame unit (210) to switch between an unfolded state and a folded state; A connecting component (300) is provided with a connecting plate (310). The connecting component (300) is used to fix the support frame (200) to the side wall or arch of the tunnel. The connecting plate (310) is provided with a hoisting hole (312) for hoisting the jet fan (330).

2. The foldable ventilation system for long tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support frame (200) is provided with a plurality of connecting rods (230), which are used to connect two axially adjacent frame units (210).

3. The folding ventilation system for long tunnel construction according to claim 2, characterized in that, The connecting rod (230) is a hollow rod; the end of the connecting rod (230) is detachably connected to the frame unit (210).

4. The folding ventilation system for long tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning assembly (220) includes a nut (221), a fixing bolt (222), and a washer (223). One end of the support rod (211) is provided with a first hinge hole (2111), and the other end of the support rod (211) is provided with a second hinge hole (2112). One end of the fixing bolt (222) passes through the first hinge hole (2111), the second hinge hole (2112), and the washer (223) and is threadedly connected to the fixing bolt (222).

5. The folding ventilation system for long tunnel construction according to claim 4, characterized in that, One end of the support rod (211) is provided with a slot (2113), and the other end of the support rod (211) is provided with a rotating part (2114) corresponding to the slot (2113). The first hinge hole (2111) is provided on the slot (2113), and the second hinge hole (2112) is provided on the rotating part (2114).

6. The folding ventilation system for long tunnel construction according to claim 5, characterized in that, The positioning component (220) includes a pin (224), one end of the support rod (211) is provided with a limiting plate (2115), the limiting plate (2115) is provided with a plurality of slots (2116) in the circumferential direction, and the other end of the support rod (2111) is provided with a limiting hole (2117). The pin (224) passes through the slots (2116) and the limiting hole (2117) in sequence to fix the rotation angle between adjacent support rods (211).

7. The folding ventilation system for long tunnel construction according to claim 6, characterized in that, The pin (224) is an open pin (224).

8. The folding ventilation system for long tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, A support part (2118) is provided on one side of the support rod (211), and the support part (2118) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the ventilation pipe section (100) by bolts.

9. The folding ventilation system for long tunnel construction according to claim 8, characterized in that, The support (2118) is provided with an arc-shaped elastic layer (2119) adapted to the diameter of the ventilation pipe section (100).

10. The folding ventilation system for long tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting plate (310) is provided with fixing holes (311), which are used to connect anchor rods (320) or expansion bolts.

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