Liquid ammonia leakage buffering and explosion-proof device

Abstract

The application discloses a liquid ammonia leakage buffering and explosion-proof device, which comprises a plurality of socket connectors, the outer ring end of each socket connector is flared, the inner ring end is shrunk, and the socket connectors are used for pipeline connection; an explosion-proof air bag which comprises at least two connecting ports and is connected with one socket connector respectively; the explosion-proof air bag is made of a polyimide film, the inner side of the explosion-proof air bag is covered with an absorption layer in a wool state silica gel structure and is used for adsorbing liquid ammonia; and a monitoring assembly which comprises a temperature probe and a pressure sensor and is arranged on the socket connector and is used for detecting the temperature and pressure in the pipeline respectively. The liquid ammonia leakage buffering and explosion-proof device can effectively prevent explosion caused by unstable air pressure and the like when the pipeline leaks, and the monitoring assembly can detect the pipeline leakage in a timely manner, so that the ammonia leakage can be found and treated early.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of production safety technology, and in particular to a liquid ammonia leakage buffer explosion-proof device. Background Technology

[0002] Liquid ammonia, a crucial industrial raw material widely used in chemical, refrigeration, and agricultural fields, possesses strong irritant, toxic, flammable, and explosive properties. Liquid ammonia leaks can easily cause multiple hazards: for example, after vaporization, liquid ammonia reacts with acidic gases to generate secondary aerosols, exacerbating smog pollution; after settling, it leads to soil acidification and eutrophication of water bodies. Furthermore, ammonia gas is highly corrosive to the respiratory tract and skin; high-concentration exposure can cause acute poisoning and even death. Simultaneously, the risk of gas explosions caused by leaks further threatens personnel and property safety. Known liquid ammonia leak handling technologies have various drawbacks: for example, water curtain dilution methods consume large amounts of water (5-10 tons per leak) and generate ammonia-containing wastewater, increasing subsequent treatment costs; while activated carbon or zeolite adsorption methods can partially absorb ammonia, the adsorption efficiency is generally below 85%, and the adsorption materials are not recyclable, forming hazardous waste after a single use and causing secondary pollution. In addition, existing explosion-proof devices mostly use rubber or polyethylene materials, which have insufficient pressure resistance and are prone to aging at high temperatures, making them unsuitable for the extreme operating conditions of liquid ammonia pipelines. In terms of leak detection, traditional technologies rely on manual inspections or single pressure sensors, with response times exceeding 10 seconds and false alarm rates as high as 15-20%. Furthermore, these devices have limited application scenarios, requiring customized modifications for complex pipelines, resulting in poor adaptability. These issues make it difficult for existing technologies to simultaneously achieve efficient absorption, rapid response, explosion-proof safety, and environmental sustainability. Therefore, a comprehensive solution to the shortcomings of existing technologies is urgently needed. Utility Model Content

[0003] The main objective of this application is to provide a liquid ammonia leak buffer explosion-proof device, which aims to solve the problem of poor handling efficiency of existing technologies for liquid ammonia leaks.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this application proposes a liquid ammonia leakage buffer explosion-proof device, comprising:

[0005] Several socket-type connectors, each with a flared outer end and a constricted inner end, are used for pipe connections;

[0006] The explosion-proof airbag includes at least two connection ports, each of which is connected to a socket-type connector; the explosion-proof airbag is made of polyimide film and has an inner layer covered with an absorbent layer of villous silicone structure for adsorbing liquid ammonia.

[0007] The monitoring components, including a temperature probe and a piezoelectric pressure sensor, are both mounted on the socket connector and are used to detect the temperature and pressure inside the pipeline, respectively.

[0008] For example, in a buffer explosion-proof device provided in one embodiment of this application, the villous silicone structure of the absorbent layer is arranged in a porous fibrous or clustered manner.

[0009] For example, in one embodiment of the buffer explosion-proof device provided in this application, the explosion-proof airbag is a cylindrical shell, which is joined by double-layer cross folding at the sealing point.

[0010] For example, in one embodiment of the buffer explosion-proof device provided in this application, the explosion-proof airbag includes a three-layer polyimide film composite structure, with an outer corrosion-resistant layer, a middle elastic buffer layer, and an inner airtight layer.

[0011] For example, in one embodiment of the buffer explosion-proof device provided in this application, each socket connector includes two splicing blocks, and the splicing position of the two splicing blocks is fixed by fasteners.

[0012] For example, in one embodiment of the explosion-proof buffer device provided in this application, each socket connector is also provided with an exhaust valve for discharging ammonia gas.

[0013] For example, in one embodiment of the explosion-proof buffer device provided in this application, the exhaust valve includes a pressure sensing plate and a flow guiding channel, wherein the flow guiding channel is a spiral diffuser structure.

[0014] For example, in one embodiment of the buffer explosion-proof device provided in this application, an annular sealing gasket is provided on the inner side of the outer ring end of each socket connector.

[0015] Compared with existing technologies, the liquid ammonia leakage buffer explosion-proof device of this application has at least the following effects: Through the cooperation of the explosion-proof airbag and the socket-type connector, it can effectively prevent explosions caused by unstable gas pressure during pipeline leaks; in particular, the explosion-proof airbag made of polyimide film has comprehensive performance advantages over traditional materials such as rubber and polyethylene, including high-pressure impact resistance, corrosion resistance, and adaptability to extreme conditions; simultaneously, the absorption layer with a fluffy silicone structure on the inner side of the explosion-proof airbag can significantly increase the ammonia capture area of ​​the silicone, improving absorption efficiency; furthermore, the monitoring components can promptly detect ammonia leaks in the pipeline through parameters such as temperature and pressure, facilitating early detection and handling of leaks. The buffer explosion-proof device of this application does not require the large resource investment of water curtain dilution or activated carbon dilution methods, has superior hardware configuration compared to existing explosion-proof devices, can promptly detect leaks, and is low-cost, convenient to use, and easy to operate. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the explosion-proof buffer device of this application;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the explosion-proof airbag of this application;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the sealing principle of the explosion-proof airbag in this application;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the composite layer structure explosion-proof airbag of this application.

[0021] Reference numerals: 10, explosion-proof airbag; 11, absorption layer; 12, outer layer; 13, intermediate layer; 14, inner layer; 20, socket-type connector; 21, fastener; 22, exhaust valve; 30, monitoring component; 31, temperature probe; 32, piezoelectric pressure sensor; 40, liquid ammonia pipeline.

[0022] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0024] It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in this utility model embodiment are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.

[0025] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixing" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0026] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this utility model involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the meaning of "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions; for example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution where both A and B are satisfied simultaneously. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

[0027] This application provides a liquid ammonia leakage buffer explosion-proof device, which includes: a plurality of socket-type connectors, an explosion-proof airbag, and a monitoring component; wherein, the outer end of each socket-type connector is flared and the inner end is constricted for pipeline connection; the explosion-proof airbag includes at least two connection ports, each connection port being connected to a socket-type connector, and the explosion-proof airbag is made of polyimide film; the inner side is covered with an absorbent layer with a fluffy silicone structure for adsorbing liquid ammonia; the monitoring component includes a temperature probe and a piezoelectric pressure sensor, both of which are mounted on the socket-type connectors for detecting the temperature and pressure inside the pipeline, respectively.

[0028] like Figure 1The image shows one implementation of the liquid ammonia leakage buffer explosion-proof device of this application. In actual use, the device is installed on the liquid ammonia pipeline 40. Specifically, it is installed and fixed by two spaced socket-type connectors 20. The socket-type connectors 20 are implemented in the form of fixed sleeves in this embodiment of the application. The fixed sleeves fix the two ends of the explosion-proof position on the pipeline and use two layers of ports of different sizes for fixation. The sealing area is set to "larger at the outer end and smaller at the inner end". The inner ring (the middle part of the fixed sleeve) is directly constrained on the liquid ammonia pipeline 40, and the outer ring (the end position of the fixed sleeve) is in close contact with the outer wall of the liquid ammonia pipeline 40 through the connection of the explosion-proof airbag 10. For example, it can be connected and fixed by providing a membrane in the middle and using a clamp-type fixing method. This can reduce maintenance costs and improve efficiency. It can also change the port size or structure according to the needs of the working scenario to be suitable for elbows, tees or even cross connections.

[0029] For ease of installation, the socket-type connector 20 can be assembled in conjunction with fasteners 21. For example, the fixing sleeve can be divided into two symmetrical assemblies, which are then fitted against the outer wall of the liquid ammonia pipeline 40 during installation and secured with screws, bolts, or elastic clamps.

[0030] The explosion-proof airbag 10 is connected between the closely spaced outer ring ends of the fixed sleeve. Specifically, an annular sealing gasket is provided on the inner side of the outer ring end of each socket-type connector 20 (fixed sleeve) to form a tight connection at the installation position of the explosion-proof airbag 10, so as to avoid leakage at the connection. In addition, each socket-type connector 20 is also provided with an exhaust valve 22 for venting ammonia gas. After the explosion-proof airbag 10 completes instantaneous buffering or reaches the upper limit of the load, the internal ammonia gas is released in time to prevent the airbag from overload and exploding. The exhaust valve 22 can be further specifically equipped with a pressure sensing plate and a flow guiding channel (not shown in the figure), and the flow guiding channel is designed as a spiral diffuser structure. The gas flow rate is adjusted by the gradually narrowing or expanding channel structure design to reduce the pressure shock caused by instantaneous exhaust. At the same time, the leaked ammonia gas can be directed to the preset ammonia gas recovery position.

[0031] Taking a single pipeline as an example, the explosion-proof airbag 10 is connected to the space between two socket-type connectors 20 by a clamping method. The explosion-proof airbag 10, as the core functional component of the explosion-proof device of this application, can be connected via, for example... Figure 1 The cylindrical shell structure shown uses a polyimide membrane as the material to achieve a buffering and explosion-proof effect. The polyimide membrane can resist external impacts and corrosion, and at the same time, it can absorb the energy of sudden pressure changes in the pipeline through elastic deformation. Compared with materials such as rubber and polyethylene, it is not easily deformed or failed under the extreme conditions of liquid ammonia pipelines. It has high elasticity and high pressure resistance, and can play a buffering role in the instant of pipeline pressure instability and leakage, preventing the gasbag from exploding due to sudden pressure increase.

[0032] Furthermore, while the cylindrical shell can be manufactured and used in a single molding process, this may cause inconvenience in the installation of the overall device (e.g., fitting the shell onto the liquid ammonia pipe 40). Therefore, a joint installation method can also be used. For example, in one embodiment, the explosion-proof airbag 10 serves as the unfolded shape of the cylindrical shell, forming a wrap around the circumference of the liquid ammonia pipe 40 during installation, and is joined at the sealing point through a double-layer cross-folding structure, that is, by folding inwards and outwards and cross-coupling at the joint edge (e.g., ...). Figure 2 As shown in the figure, a special UV adhesive for polyimide (PI) is used to quickly cure and bond the edges of the airbag.

[0033] In one implementation, such as Figure 3 As shown, the explosion-proof airbag 10 can also be composed of three layers of polyimide film composite, with the outer layer 12 being a corrosion-resistant layer, the middle layer 13 being an elastic buffer layer, and the inner layer 14 being an airtight layer. This multi-layered composite structure works in conjunction with the required corrosion resistance, buffering, explosion-proof, and sealing performance of the explosion-proof airbag 10, ensuring its functionality as a core component of the overall device.

[0034] Specifically, see Figure 4 The inner side of the explosion-proof airbag 10 employs a villous silica gel structure covering the surface of a polyimide membrane as an absorption layer 11 for liquid ammonia or ammonia gas. Based on the abundant hydroxyl groups and porous structure of the silica gel surface, the silica gel can capture ammonia gas through both physical and chemical absorption mechanisms. The villous structure, uniformly covering the polyimide membrane surface, significantly and effectively increases the contact area between the silica gel and ammonia gas, thereby improving absorption efficiency. Optionally, the villous silica gel structure can also be arranged in a porous fibrous or clustered form to further increase the contact area with ammonia gas and improve ammonia adsorption efficiency. Furthermore, saturated silica gel, after being heated at 120-150℃ for 2-3 hours, can recover 80-85% of its absorption capacity after desorbing ammonia gas, enabling the silica gel to be recycled 5-8 times, reducing overall costs. The desorbed ammonia gas can also be recovered through condensation for reuse, reducing raw material loss and avoiding wastewater generation. Compared with the traditional water curtain method, it can reduce the wastewater generated by water curtain dilution, avoid secondary pollution, and is more environmentally friendly. At the same time, it can greatly ensure the safety of operators, buy time for repairing leaks, and reduce losses.

[0035] See Figure 1The monitoring component 30 is located inside the socket connector 20 and can consist of at least a temperature probe 31 and a piezoelectric pressure sensor 32. When the liquid ammonia pipeline 40 leaks, the pressure drops sharply and it rapidly vaporizes, absorbing a large amount of heat, causing a sharp drop in temperature near the leak point. The temperature probe 31 can capture "local low-temperature anomalies" or "temperature change anomalies," and is particularly sensitive to the early vaporization phenomena of minor leaks. The piezoelectric pressure sensor 32, based on the piezoelectric effect, can detect "minor pressure fluctuations" with a response time in the millisecond range, capturing the initial signal of a sudden pipeline leak. Since the liquid ammonia pipeline 40 typically maintains a relatively high pressure (e.g., 1.5-2.5 MPa), the pressure drop signal is significant during a leak, facilitating rapid location. The temperature probe 31 and the piezoelectric pressure sensor 32 complement each other in the detection of leaks in the liquid ammonia pipeline 40: the "temperature probe 31" excels at capturing the low-temperature characteristics of phase change leaks, is low-cost, and corrosion-resistant; the "piezoelectric sensor" is sensitive to pressure changes, has a fast response, and strong anti-interference capabilities. The combination of the two can significantly improve the timeliness, accuracy and environmental adaptability of detection, and can effectively reduce the energy consumption for emergency response to sudden leaks.

[0036] In the event of a rupture in a liquid ammonia transport pipeline, the buffer explosion-proof device of this application features a monitoring component 30 that promptly alarms and tracks temperature and pressure changes within the pipeline in real time. A temperature probe 31 detects low-temperature anomalies near the leak point, while a piezoelectric pressure sensor 32 detects minute pressure fluctuations with millisecond-level response, thus locating the leak. The device can be quickly installed or moved to the leak point by personnel. The plug-in connector 20 adapts to different pipe diameters or complex connection points, and screws, bolts, elastic clamps, and sealing gaskets enable rapid tightening. Subsequently, the fluffy silicone structure inside the explosion-proof airbag 10 rapidly absorbs the leaked liquid ammonia, significantly reducing ammonia diffusion. Simultaneously, the polyimide membrane of the explosion-proof airbag 10 absorbs pressure surge energy through elastic deformation, effectively preventing the risk of explosion. If the silicone becomes saturated or the internal pressure increases sharply, the exhaust valve 22 is opened to direct the residual ammonia to the condensation recovery system, achieving ammonia resource utilization and avoiding the high water consumption and wastewater pollution problems of traditional water curtain dilution methods. The buffer explosion-proof device of this application adopts a modular design, each component is reusable and the installation is simple and quick, and there is no need for complex pipeline network modification. It is efficient, economical and environmentally friendly.

[0037] The above description is merely an optional embodiment of this application and does not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural transformations made based on the inventive concept of this application and the contents of the specification and drawings of this application, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A liquid ammonia leakage buffer and explosion-proof device, characterized in that, include: Several socket-type connectors, each with a flared outer end and a constricted inner end, are used for pipe connections; The explosion-proof airbag includes at least two connection ports, each of which is connected to a socket-type connector; the explosion-proof airbag is made of polyimide film and has an inner layer covered with an absorbent layer of villous silicone structure for adsorbing liquid ammonia. The monitoring components, including a temperature probe and a piezoelectric pressure sensor, are both mounted on the socket connector and are used to detect the temperature and pressure inside the pipeline, respectively.

2. The liquid ammonia leakage buffer explosion-proof device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The villous silica gel structure of the absorbent layer is arranged in a porous fibrous or clustered manner.

3. The liquid ammonia leakage buffer explosion-proof device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The explosion-proof airbag has a cylindrical shell, which is joined by double-layer cross folding at the sealing point.

4. The liquid ammonia leakage buffer explosion-proof device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The explosion-proof airbag comprises a three-layer polyimide film composite structure, with an outer corrosion-resistant layer, a middle elastic buffer layer, and an inner airtight layer.

5. The liquid ammonia leakage buffer explosion-proof device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each socket connector includes two interlocking blocks, and the interlocking position of the two interlocking blocks is fixed by fasteners.

6. The liquid ammonia leakage buffer explosion-proof device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each socket-type connector is also equipped with an exhaust valve for venting ammonia gas.

7. The liquid ammonia leakage buffer explosion-proof device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The exhaust valve includes a pressure sensing element and a flow guiding channel, wherein the flow guiding channel is a spiral diffuser structure.

8. The liquid ammonia leakage buffer explosion-proof device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each socket connector has an annular sealing gasket on the inner side of its outer ring end.

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